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数词在高考中虽然不像其他词类那么“热门”，但也有其考查的重点和难点，同学们对此应该引起注意。
1. 基数词dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million等表示确切数目时不能加s，其前可加数词或several, some等修饰，其后通常不跟of（后有these, those或代词宾格时可跟of）；表示笼统数目时，要加s，其前不能用数词，其后可跟of。 dozen和score的用法要注意以下几点：
1）dozen与数词或many, several等连用时，不加s，所修饰的名词前常省去of。如two (many, several) dozen pencils。但是，在a dozen of these / those people, two dozen of them等短语中应加of，这是习惯用法。
2）two score of people中应加of，但像three score and ten people（70人）中不加of。
3）表示泛指可使用dozens / scores of形式。
【考例】 It is reported that the floods have left about people homeless.
A. two thousand B. two-thousands C. two thousands D. two thousands of
【答案】 A
【解析】 thousand, million等表示确切数目时不能加s，其前可加数词或several, some等修饰，其后通常不跟of。
【考例】 She went to the bookstore and bought .
A. dozen books B. dozens books C. dozen of books D. dozens of books
【答案】 D
【解析】 dozen前有具体数字或some, several等修饰时其后不加s；但是表示笼统数目时，要加s，其前不能用数词，其后常跟of。
【考例】 people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.
A. Several million B. Many millions C. Several millions D. Many million
【答案】 A
【解析】 million前可用several修饰，此时其后不能加s，many不能修饰million。表达“几百万”也可用millions of。
【考例】 Mr. Smith me to buy several eggs for the dinner party.
A. asked; dozen B. suggested; dozens of C. had; dozen D. persuaded; dozens
【答案】 A
【解析】 dozen前有具体数字或some, several等修饰时要用单数形式；have作使役动词时，宾补应省略to。
2. 年龄、年代的表达法。
表达“在某人几十几岁”用“in one's +逢十的基数词复数”；表达“在几十年代”用“in the +逢十的基数词复数”。
【考例】 It is not rare in that people in fifties are going to university for further education.
A. 90s; the B. the 90s; 不填 C. 90s; their D. the 90s; their
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据题意，第一空应表示“年代”，第二空表示“在某人几十岁的时候”。
3. 基数词可与名词等构成合成形容词，用连字符连接，作前置定语，其中的名词应使用单数形式。
【考例】 It took us quite a long time to get here. It was journey.
A. three hour B. a three hour C. a three-hour D. three hours
【答案】 C
【解析】 合成形容词作定语时，其中的名词用单数形式。
1. 序数词一般由基数词加-th构成。 以 - y结尾的基数词构成序数词时，先把y变为i，再加 - eth。如the twentieth / fiftieth。不规则的序数词有以下几个：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth。序数词前通常要加定冠词the，但序数词不表顺序而表“再一，又一”时，要用不定冠词。
【考例】 Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop's fables date to the 62 (six) century, B. C.（2023全国甲卷）
【答案】 sixth
【解析】 考查序数词。句意为：寓言是许多早期文化口述传统的一部分，著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。由前面的定冠词the可知，此处要用序数词形式，故填sixth。
【考例】 In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.（2017全国卷I）
【答案】 eighteen改为eighteenth
【解析】 本题考查基数词和序数词的使用。此处表示“我的第十八个生日”，所以应使用序数词eighteenth。
【考例】 The cakes are delicious. He'd like to have third one because second one is rather too small.
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
【答案】 C
【解析】 从句意可知，第一空所在处语境表示“再一”，应填a；第二空所在处语境表示顺序“第二”，应填the。
2. 编号有两种表示法。
1）事物名词（不加冠词）+基数词。
2）定冠词the+序数词+事物名词。如：
Part One=the First Part; Lesson Three=the Third Lesson
1. 分数由基数词和序数词合成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，作分母的序数词要用复数形式。如：
三分之一 one (a) third；三分之二 two thirds
但是：二分之一 one (a) half；四分之一 one (a) quarter
2. 百分数由基数词后加percent构成。如：30﹪，30 percent。
3. 表示几分之几（或百分之几）的人或物时，须在分数（或百分数）和人或物间加of。若充当主语，谓语动词的数须与of后的名词保持一致。
【考例】 The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】 D
【解析】 此题主语one-third后省略了of the notebook computers，因此主语表达的是复数意义。
【考例】 of the land in that district covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
【答案】 C
【解析】 “五分之二”应为“two fifths”；land是不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。
英语中表达倍数常用下列句型：
1）A is three (four...) times the size (height, length, width...) of B
2）A is three (four...) times as big (high, long, wide...) as B
3）A is three (four...) times bigger (higher, longer, wider...) than B
用times表示倍数，一般只限于三倍或三倍以上的数，表示两倍可用twice或double。
【考例】 At a rough estimate, Nigeria is Great Britain.
A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of
【答案】 D
【解析】 该题符合倍数表达法的第一种句型。
1. Two died of cold last winter.
A. hundreds old people B. hundred old people C. hundreds old peoples D. hundred old peoples
2. He was only in at that time.
A. his 20’s B. the 20’s C. his twenties D. the twenties
3. The two great men wrote those letters in .
A. 1870’s B. 1870s C. the 1870’s D. the 1870
4. I wonder if I can ask him time.
A. four B. fourth C. the fourth D. a fourth
5. He came out in the track events.
A. first B. one C. the first D. the one
6. It was in 1939 that broke out.
A. World War Second B. the World War Second C. Second World War D. World War Ⅱ
7. You'll have to spend writing your report here.
A. one day or two days B. one or two day C. a day or two D. two days or one
8. He cut the cake .
A. in halves B. in half C. into the halves D. into half
9. The earth is nearly the moon.
A. 50 time the size of B. 50 times the size of C. 50 times as size as D. 50 times as that of
10. Either you or the headmaster the prizes for these gifted students at the meeting.
A. is handing in B. are to hand out C. are handing in D. is to hand out
11. of the population here are peasants.
A. 20 percents B. 20 percent C. The 20 percent D. The 20 percents
12. It's about the thickness of a human hair.
A. two-fifteenth B. two-fifteenths C. two fifteen D. two fifteens
13. The price of such material was reduced .
A. by 18 percent B. to 18 percent C. at 18 percent D. for 18 percent
14. South of the equator, 81 percent of the surface of the earth water.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
15. They sold boxes of such sweets last week.
A. four dozen B. four dozens C. four dozens of D. four dozen of
1. In her (forty), she began to take up writing.
2. He has lived here for two (score) years.
3. There were ( dozen) of people there.
4. That was the (three) time he had entered the house.
5. We'll have to do it second time.
6. Today is my grandfather's (sixty) birthday.
7. A careless mistake cost the company (million) of pounds.
8. This rope is three times the (long) of that one.
9. The war broke out in nineties.
10. Unemployment among blacks was (two) as high as that for whites.
11. （五分之二）of the machines on display were new items.
12. Three (quarter) of the theatre was full.
13. Only 18 (percent) thought employment would rise over the next year.
14. Investment in technology stocks exploded in the （20世纪90年代）.
15. I haven't had time to arrange everything so I'm all at (six) and (seven).