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问：历年高考并列连词和主谓一致各有哪些考点？
答： 并列连词考点主要有四类，主谓一致考点主要有三类。请看超级记忆导图：
问：历年常考的并列连词有哪几类？
答： 常考的并列连词有四类，分别表示并列、转折、选择和因果关系。详见下表：
你得让出路来，否则卡车无法从你旁边开过。
You have to move out of the way，______ the truck cannot get past you. [ 全国卷 ]
温馨讲解： 【答案】 or
第一步识别考点：根据前后分句不缺成分和句中已经有两个谓语，可以初步判断该题考查并列连词辨析。
第二步运用技巧：并列连词辨析的王牌技巧就是考虑前后句之间的逻辑关系与句意，同时特别注意句子结构的差别。
第三步解出答案：根据此处句意可知，前后句是选择关系，故答案为or。
1. 再次见到珍妮我很高兴，但我不想整天都和她在一起。
I was glad to meet Jenny again， but I didn't want to spend all day with her. [ 全国卷 ]
2. 给我一个机会，我就给你一个惊喜。
Give me a chance， and I'll give you a wonderful surprise. [ 天津卷 ]
问：什么叫就近一致原则？
答： 就近一致原则是指谓语的数与最靠近的主语一致。常见的就近一致句型如下：
温馨提示： There be + A and B ，be动词与就近的A一致
Both A and B ，谓语动词用复数
1. 不是你错了就是我错了。
Either you or I am wrong.
2. 桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。
There is a book and several pens on the desk.
3. 不仅是你，还有他也要受到责备。
Not only you but also he is to blame.
Not only I but also Jane and Mary _______ tired of having one examination after another. [ 全国卷 ]
温馨讲解： 【答案】 are
第一步识别考点：根据题干中的“Not only... but also”确定该题考点为主谓一致。
第二步运用技巧：根据就近一致原则可知，谓语动词与but also后的成分一致。but also后是Jane and Mary 两个人，所以谓语动词用复数。
第三步解出答案：由以上分析可得出答案为are。
问：什么叫就远一致原则？
答： 就远一致原则是指谓语的数与离得远的主语一致。常见的就远一致的句型如下：
1. 除了经理，所有的员工都被鼓励在家网上办公。
All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home. [ 广东卷 ]
2. 史密斯博士和他的妻子、女儿准备今年夏天去北京旅游。
Dr. Smith， together with his wife and daughters， is going to visit Beijing this summer. [ 陕西卷 ]
The famous musician，as well as his students，_______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. [ 福建卷 ]
A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited
第一步识别考点：由选项中的单复数形式识别该题考点为主谓一致。
第二步运用技巧：根据题干可知该题考查as well as 连接主语时谓语的单复数，此种情况谓语的单复数应遵循就远一致原则，所以谓语动词与隔得远的主语The famous musician一致，所以要用单数，从而排除A和C。再根据句中标志性词语at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo可知应使用一般过去时态。
第三步解出答案：由以上分析可知答案为B。
—Did you go to the show last night?
—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ______ invited. [ 陕西卷 ]
温馨讲解： 【答案】 was
由空格前的主语可识别该题考点为主谓一致。当every A and B作主语时，谓语动词用单数，再根据句中标志性词语last night可知此处应该用过去时，所以答案为was。
Listening to loud music at rock concerts ______ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. [ 湖南卷 ]
A. is B. are C. has D. have
第一步识别考点：由主语Listening to loud music at rock concerts识别该题考点为主谓一致。
第二步运用技巧：根据语法规则可知，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，再根据句意判断语态为主动，所以最好用完成时。
第三步解出答案：由以上分析得出答案为C。
Most of what has been said about the Smiths ______ also true of the Johnsons. [ 安徽卷 ]
温馨讲解： 【答案】 is
第一步识别考点：由该题为what引导的主语从句作主语识别该题考点为主谓一致。
第二步运用技巧：根据主谓一致的原则，主语从句作主语时谓语动词用单数。
第三步解出答案：所以答案为is。
1. All is going well. 一切顺利。
2. All are agreed on this point. 大家都一致同意这点。
3. A number of children like this song. 许多小孩都喜欢这首歌。
4. The number of traffic accidents has increased. 交通事故的数量已经上升了。
5. The teacher and writer is from Hunan.（那位教师兼作家来自湖南。）
6. The teacher and the writer are from Hunan.（那位教师和那位作家都来自湖南。）
7. The young are full of energy. 年轻人各个都充满了活力。
8. The new is sure to replace the old.新的事物肯定会替代旧的事物。
“half、the rest、分数、百分数+ of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要和 of 之后的名词保持一致。
Two fifths of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass. [ 全国卷 ]
温馨讲解： 【答案】 is
分数修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词由该名词决定。land是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式is。
问：定语从句谓语动词的单复数是怎样决定的？
答： 通常来说，定语从句谓语动词的单复数是由该从句所修饰的先行词决定的，但有以下例外情况：
1. one of + 复数名词 +定语从句，从句谓语动词通常用复数。
2. the （only）one of + 复数名词 +定语从句，从句谓语动词通常用单数。
Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who _______ （wear）evening dress. [ 全国卷 ]
温馨讲解： 【答案】 wears
第一步识别考点：首先从题干中的the only one of确定该题考查定语从句的主谓一致。
第二步运用技巧：根据定语从句先行词the only one of the women的使用规则可知，从句谓语动词应该用单数。另外，从主句谓语is可以看出句子要用一般现在时。
第三步解出答案：所以应该填wears。
1. 数学对他来说似乎很难。
Mathematics seems to be difficult to him.
2. 她的衣服是白色的，而我的裤子是黑色的。
Her clothes are white and my trousers are black.
3. 这种款式的眼镜很流行。
This kind of glasses is very popular.
温馨对比： 这些款式的眼镜很流行。
These kinds of glasses are very popular.
1. 谓语动词要用单数的集体名词：clothing（衣服）、poetry（诗歌）、food（食物）、furniture（家具）、equipment（设备）、scenery（景色）等。它们是不可数名词。
2. 谓语动词要用复数的集体名词：people（人们）、police（警察）、cattle（牛群）等。不能说 a people、a police、a cattle，但可以说a person、a policeman、a head of cattle。
1. Every possible means _______ （use）to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear. [ 上海卷 ]
2. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another，_______ plants can spread to new places. [ 北京卷 ]
3. The university estimates that living expenses for international students _______ around $8，450 a year，which _______ a burden for some of them. [ 湖南卷 ]
4. —Someone wants you on the phone.
—_______ nobody knows I am here. [ 全国卷 ]
5. Find ways to praise your children often，_______ you'll find they will open their hearts to you. [ 山东卷 ]
6. Read this story，_______ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. [ 四川卷 ]
7. The basketball coach，as well as his team，_______ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. [ 陕西卷 ]
8. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials，the rest of which _______ saved for other purposes. [ 安徽卷 ]
9. One third of the country _______ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _______ black people. [ 湖南卷 ]
10. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _______ rising steadily since 1990. [ 山东卷 ]
11. The teacher together with the students _______ discussing Reading Skills that ______ newly published in America. [ 四川卷 ]
12. Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. [ 湖南卷 ]
13. A survey of the opinions of experts _______ （show）that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _______ good for one's health. [ 上海卷 ]
14. We live day by day，but in the great things，the time of days and weeks _______ so small that a day is unimportant. [ 湖南卷 ]
15. Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs，_______ you could have problems. [ 北京卷 ]
16. Walmart，which is one of the largest American supermarket chains，_______（keep）some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. [ 安徽卷 ]
17. He is the only one of the students who _______ （be）a winner of scholarship for three years. [ 上海卷 ]
18. I told him what I was surprised _______ （be）his attitude towards his study. [ 上海卷 ]
1. Between the two generations，it is often not their age，_______ their education that causes misunderstanding. [ 全国卷 ]
A. like B. as C. or D. but
2. I thought we'd be late for the concert，_______ we ended up getting there ahead of time. [ 湖南卷 ]
A. but B. or C. so D. for
3. Reality is not the way you wish things to be，nor the way they appear to be，_______ the way they actually are. [ 湖南卷 ]
A. as B. or C. but D. and
4. Stand over there _______ you'll be able to see it better. [ 天津卷 ]
A. or B. while C. but D. and
5. —Would you like to come to the dinner party here on Saturday?
—Thank you. I'd love to，______ I'll be out of town at the weekend. [ 北京卷 ]
A. because B. and C. so D. but
6. Bring the flowers into a warm room _______ they'll soon open. [ 辽宁卷 ]
A. or B. and C. but D. for
7. As a result of the serious flood，two-thirds of the buildings in the area _______. [ 陕西卷 ]
A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair
8. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture，but when and where _______ yet. [ 浙江卷 ]
A. hasn't been decided B. haven't decided C. isn't being decided D. aren't decided
9. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _______ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. [ 浙江卷 ]
A. is B. are C. was D. were
10. A poet and artist _______ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. [ 江苏卷 ]
A. is B. are C. was D. were
11. The father as well as his three children _______ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. [ 辽宁卷 ]
A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going
12. As you can see，the number of cars on roads _______ rising these days. [ 全国卷 ]
A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping
13. Nowadays，a large number of women，especially those from the countryside，_______ in the clothing industry. [ 辽宁卷 ]
A. is working B. works C. work D. worked
14. With more forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth _______ each year. [ 山东卷 ]
A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away
15. All the preparations for the task ______，and we are ready to start. [ 全国卷 ]
A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed
16. The teacher，with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class，_______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. [ 北京卷 ]
A. was B. were C. had been D. would be
17. —How are the team playing?
—They're playing well，but one of them _______ hurt. [ 北京卷 ]
A. got B. gets C. are D. were
1. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。主语Every possible means为单数概念，意思是“每种可能的手段、方法”，因此谓语要用单数；其次，根据句意“所有可能预防空气污染的方法都用过了，但天空还是不澄澈”可知此处应该用现在完成时的被动语态。因此答案应为has been used 。
2. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。根据上下文句意可知填so，表示“于是，所以”。
3. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致。第一空主语为living expenses，所以用复数谓语are；第二空前的which指代前面整个主句，引导定语从句并作从句的主语，谓语应用单数is。
4. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。句意为：——有人给你打电话。——_____没有人知道我在这儿。根据句意可知上下两句明显为转折关系，因此填But。
5. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。本句为“祈使句+ and/or +陈述句”的句型，此处前后两句为顺承关系，所以填and。
6. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。本句为“祈使句+ and/or +陈述句”的句型，此处前后两句为顺承关系，所以填and。
7. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致。主语中心词是The basketball coach，是单数，再根据shortly after the match可以推断出时态是一般过去时，故填was。
8. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。定语从句先行词是the raw materials，定语从句的谓语单复数应与先行词的数一致，应用复数，又根据上文时态为过去时，所以用were。句意：工厂用了这种原材料的65%，剩余部分节省出来作他用。
9. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致。国家为整体，所以第一个空用单数is；the majority of the citizens指人，表示“大多数公民”，后面的谓语动词用复数，所以填are。
10. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。主语是 The number，故谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是since 1990，所以用完成时态，故答案为has been。
11. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致。第一个空所在句的主语为A together with B的形式，谓语动词应与A的单复数保持一致，所以用is；第二空位于定语从句中，引导词that指代 Reading Skills 这本书，由于 Reading Skills 是书名，所以谓语动词用单数，且是已经出版，所以应该用过去时的was。
12. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致。“Either... or...”连接两个主语，按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。one of your students 谓语应用单数形式is。
13. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致。由A survey可知第一个空用shows；第二个空格前的主语three hours of outdoor exercise a week为抽象概念，看作单数，故其谓语动词用单数形式is。
14. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致。句意：我们日复一日地生活，但从大的方面来讲，几天和几周的时间是如此短暂，以至于一天的时间微不足道。本句陈述事实，用一般现在时；空格处所在句子的主语是the time，谓语动词应用单数形式is。
15. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。根据上下文句意，应填入or，表示“否则”。
16. 解析： 本句真正的主语是Walmart，所以谓语动词要用单数形式，故答案为keeps。
17. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。定语从句先行词前有the only修饰，从句中谓语动词只能用单数；同时，根据for three years可知应该用现在完成时，所以答案为has been。
18. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致、固定搭配和时态。be surprised at为固定搭配，at不能省略，它后面的宾语是what；what I surprised at充当told后面宾语从句的主语，是一个what引导的名词性从句，后面的谓语动词应该用单数，且主句用一般过去时，从句相应地也要用过去时。因此正确答案是at was。
1. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。本题结合强调句型对并列连词“not... but...”进行考查，表示“不是……而是……”，该组并列连词在句中连接主语，所以选D。
2. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。根据句意，前后为转折关系，所以选A。
3. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。考查并列连词not... but...，句中该组并列连词连接表语，所以选C。句意：现实并不是你希望事情成为的那样，也不是事情看上去的那样，而是事情本身的样子。
4. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。根据句意，前后应为顺承关系，所以选择D项。
5. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。空格前说乐意参加，空格后说周末要出城，前后明显为转折关系，所以答案为D。
6. 解析： 本题考查并列连词的用法。根据句意，前后为顺承关系，所以选B。
7. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和need的用法。分数、百分数修饰名词，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词，此处two-thirds修饰buildings，故谓语动词取决于名词复数buildings，排除B、C两项；再根据need doing相当于need to be done可知答案选A。
8. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。根据句意，此处应用被动语态，故排除B；又因为when and where是一个整体，表示单数意义，故排除D；再根据句末的yet可知应用现在完成时，故选A。
9. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和动词的时态。当分数、百分数作主语时，要根据其后面省略的名词来决定其谓语动词的单复数。此处one-third应是one-third of the notebook computers的省略形式，因此谓语动词用复数，且前面的句子用了一般过去时，所以D项正确。
10. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。由时间状语tomorrow afternoon判断，此处应用现在进行时表示将来，故排除C、D两项。a poet and artist指一位诗人兼画家，谓语动词用单数，故选A。
11. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。主语The father是单数，尽管后面跟有as well as his three children，谓语动词仍要用单数形式。every Sunday afternoon in winter提示该空格表示经常性、习惯性的动作，因此应用一般现在时，故选C。
12. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。a number of表示“许多……”，中心词是这个短语所修饰的复数名词，所以作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；而the number of表示“……的数量”，后接复数名词时，中心词为the number，因此谓语动词用单数，由此可以排除B和D；同时，these days表明是现在的一种状态，句子应用一般现在时，因此应填keeps，选C。
13. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。首先，especially those from the countryside作为插入语来修饰women，可以把它抛开不看。句子精简后是a large number of women ______ in the clothing industry，a number of表示“许多……”时，中心词是这个短语所修饰的复数名词，所以谓语动词用复数形式；Nowadays表明是现在的情况，答案选C。
14. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和语态。句意：随着更多的森林被毁坏，每年有大量的良田被冲走。quantities of后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词，其谓语动词用复数，且此处应该用被动语态，故选D项。
15. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和语态。空格前的句意为“这项任务的所有准备工作都已做完”，注意后面用的是一般现在时。另外，任务和完成之间是被动关系，此处应该用被动语态。综上可知正确答案为D。
16. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。由when the earthquake struck可知要用一般过去时，排除C和D；又因为主语是单数The teacher，所以只有A正确。
17. 解析： 本题考查主谓一致和时态。首先从主谓一致来看，one of them为单数主语，可以先排除C和D；根据答语后半句“但是他们当中有个人受伤了”可知动作发生在过去某个时间，故应该用一般过去时，答案为A。
