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1. Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quartercentury, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.
词汇
change [tʃeɪndʒ] n. 改变；找给的零钱
take place 发生，举行
language [ˑlæŋɡwɪdʒ] n. 语言
newspaper [ˑnjuːzpeɪpə(r)] n. 报纸，报
during [ˑdjʊərɪŋ] prep. 在……期间
past [pɑːst] a. 过去的 n. 昔日；过去的事情 prep. 在……之后；超过 ad. 从一侧到另一侧；经过
quarter [ˑkwɔːtə(r)] n. 四分之一；一刻钟
century [ˑsentʃəri] n. 世纪；百年
far-reaching [ˌfɑː ˑriːtʃɪŋ] a. 影响深远的；波及广泛的
perhaps [pəˑhæps] ad. 或许；大概；可能
inexorable [ɪnˑeksərəbl] a. 不可阻挡的；无情的
decline [dɪˑklaɪn] n. 减少，衰退
scope [skəʊp] n. 范围；领域
seriousness [ˑsɪəriəsnəs] n. 严肃性；严肃；认真
coverage [ˑkʌvərɪdʒ] n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围
2. It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.
词汇
point [pɒɪnt] n. 观点；要点；目的；时刻；程度
impossibility [ɪmˌpɒsəˑbɪləti] n. 不可能的事；不可能性
average [ˑævərɪdʒ] a. 普通的；平均的
imagine [ɪ'mædʒɪn] v. 想像；认为；胡乱猜想
high-quality [ˌhaɪˑkwɒlətɪ] a. 高质量的
criticism [ˑkrɪtɪsɪzəm] n. 评论；批评；意见
3. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.
词汇
yet [jet] conj. 然而，但是 ad. 还是；仍然
considerable [kənˑsɪdərəb(ə)l] a. 相当大的；重要的
significant [sɪɡˑnɪfɪkənt] a. 重要的；有意义的
collection [kə'lekʃən] n. 作品集；采集；聚集；收藏品
publish [ˑpʌblɪʃ] v. 出版，发行；发表
consist of 由……组成
in large part 在很大程度上
review [rɪ'vjuː] n. 评论；审查；回顾 v. 复查；回顾；评论；复习
4. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.
词汇
marvel at 对……惊奇
fact [fækt] n. 事实；现实
learned [ˑlɜːnɪd] a. 博学的；学术性的
content [ˑkɒntent] n. 内容；目录
once [wʌns] ad. 曾经；一次 conj. 一……就
deem [diːm] v. 认为；视为
suitable [ˑsuːtəbl] a. 适宜的，合适的
publication [ˌpʌblɪˑkeɪʃn] n. 出版；发行
general [ˑdʒen(ə)rəl] a. 一般的；普遍的
circulation [ˌsɜːkjəˑleɪʃn] n. 发行量；流通
daily [deɪli] n. 日报
5. We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War Ⅱ, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared.
词汇
remove [rɪˑmuːv] v. 移开；去除
be removed from… 与……远离
unfocused [ʌnˑfəʊkəst] a. 茫然的；无目标的；多元化的
the turn of the 20th century 20 世纪初
eve [iːv] n. 前夕；前夜
newsprint [ˑnjuːzprɪnt] n. 新闻用纸
dirt-cheap [ˌdɜːt ˑtʃiːp] a. 非常便宜的；毫无价值的
stylish [ˑstaɪlɪʃ] a. 时髦的；现代风格的
criticism [ˑkrɪtɪsɪzəm] n. 评论；批评；意见
ornament [ˑɔːnəmənt] n. 装饰
appear [əˑpɪə(r)] v. 出版；出现
6. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.
词汇
far-off ['fɑ:rɒf] a. 遥远的；久远的
take...for granted 认为……是理所当然 critic [ˑkrɪtɪk] n. 评论家；批评家
major [ˑmeɪdʒə(r)] a. 主要的；大的
paper [ˑpeɪpə(r)] n. 报纸；论文；纸 in detail 详细地
at length 充分地；详尽地
cover [ˑkʌvə(r)] v. 报道；覆盖；包括
7. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about.
词汇
serious [ˑsɪəriəs] a. 严肃的；严重的
business [ˑbɪznəs] n. 公事；生意；公司
reviewer [rɪˑvjuːə(r)] n. 评论家；审查者
wear [weə(r)] v. 呈现；穿戴；磨损
learning [ˑlɜːnɪŋ] n. 知识；学问；学习
lightly [laɪtli] ad. 轻松地；轻轻地
be about 从事于
8. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press.
词汇
journalism [ˑdʒɜːnəlɪzəm] n. 新闻业；新闻工作
calling [ˑkɔːlɪŋ] n. 使命感；职业
proud [praʊd] a. 自豪的；满足的
press [pres] n. 报刊；记者；出版社
9.“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism”, Newman wrote,“that I am tempted to define‘journalism’ as‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.”
词汇
author [ˑɔːθə(r)] n. 作家；创始人
brain [breɪn] n. 智力；智慧；脑
literary [ˑlɪtərəri] a. 文学的；书面的
tempt [tempt] v. 引诱；冒……的风险
sb. be tempted to do sth. 某人被诱惑去做某事；某人很想做某事
gift [ɡɪft] n. 天赋；礼物
keep one’s end up （在困难中）仍乐观而尽本分，坚持不懈
define [dɪˑfaɪn] v. 给……下定义；解释
term [tɜːm] n. 词语，术语；学期；期限
contempt [kənˑtempt] n. 轻蔑；鄙视；忽视；不顾
apply [əˑplaɪ] v. 应用；使用；申请
10. Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten.
词汇
unfortunately [ʌnˑfɔːtʃənətli] ad. 遗憾地；不幸地
critic [ˑkrɪtɪk] n. 评论家；批评家
virtually [ˑvɜːtʃʊəli] ad. 几乎；事实上
forget [fəˑɡet] v. 遗忘；忘记做
11. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket.
词汇
shortly before 不久之前
solely [ˑsəʊlli] ad. 只；仅；单独地
essay [ˑeseɪ] n. 文章；短文；企图
cricket [ˑkrɪkɪt] n. 板球；蟋蟀
12. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller.
词汇
lifetime [ˑlaɪftaɪm] n. 一生；终身
foremost [ˑfɔːməʊst] a. 最著名的；最重要的
stylist [ˑstaɪlɪst] n. 文体家；发型师
classical-music [ˑklæsɪkl ˑmjuːzɪk] n. 古典音乐
so...that 如此……以至于
widely [ˑwaɪdli] ad. 广泛地；大大地
admire [ədˑmaɪə(r)] v. 赞赏；钦佩
autobiography [ˌɔːtəbaɪˑɒɡrəfi] n. 自传；自传体写作
best-seller [ˌbest ˑselə(r)] n. 畅销书；畅销品
13. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored.
词汇
knight [naɪt] v. 封……为爵士
honor [ˑɒnə(r)] v. 给予表扬；尊敬
14. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writing on music is unknown save to specialists.
词汇
in print 可供购买；已出版
vast [vɑːst] a. 大量的；巨大的
body [ˑbɒdi] n. 大量；大批；身体
unknown [ˌʌnˑnəʊn] a. 未知的；不出名的 save [seɪv] prep. 除了；除……外
specialist [ˑspeʃəlɪst] n. 专家；专科医生
15. Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival?
词汇
chance [tʃɑːns] n. 可能性；机会；风险
enjoy [ɪn'dʒɒɪ] v. 享有；欣赏
revival [rɪˑvaɪvl] n. 复兴；复苏
16. The prospect seems remote.
词汇
prospect ['prɒspekt] n. 前景；希望；可能性
remote [rɪ'məʊt] a. 微小的；遥远的
17. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.
词汇
journalistic [ˌdʒɜːnə'lɪstɪk] a. 新闻业的；新闻工作者的
taste [teɪst] n. 品味；滋味
postmodern [ˌpəʊstˑmɒdn] a. 后现代主义的
richly [ˑrɪtʃli] ad. 华丽地；浓郁地
upholster [ʌpˑhəʊlstə(r)] v. 装饰；给（家具）装软垫
prose [prəʊz] n. 散文
Vicwardian a. 维多利亚女王及爱德华七世时期的
specialize [ˑspeʃəlaɪz] v. 专攻；专门研究
18. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.
词汇
moreover [mɔːrˑəʊvə(r)] ad. 此外，而且
amateur [ˑæmətə(r)] a. 业余的
headlong ['hedlɒŋ] a. 匆忙的；轻率的
retreat [rɪ'triːt] n. 撤退；躲避