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Key points
1.Learn about the artistic characteristics of White Deer Plain
2.Learn about the basic facts of the area Guanzhong Shaanxi
Difficult points
1.Analyze the protagonists portrayed in this film
2.Know about the time background set in White Deer Plain
导演 ：王全安
编剧 ：王全安/陈忠实/芦苇
主演 ：张丰毅/段奕宏/吴刚/张雨绮
类型 ：剧情/历史
制片国家/地区 ：中国大陆
上映日期 ：2012-02-15（柏林国际电影节）
2012-09-15（中国大陆）
片长 ：188分钟（柏林国际电影节）
156分钟（中国大陆）
英文名 ： White Deer Plain
Director : Wang Quan'an
Screenwriter : Wang Quan'an / Chen Zhongshi / Lu Wei
Starring : Zhang Fengyi / Duan Yihong/ Wu Gang/ Zhang Yuqi
Type : Drama/ History
Producer countries/ regions : Mainland China
Release date : February 15，2012(Berlin International Film Festival)
September 15，2012(Mainland China)
Length : 188 minutes (Berlin International Film Festival)
156 minutes (Mainland China)
English name: White Deer Plain
主要获奖 Major awards
第六十二届柏林国际电影节：银熊奖、杰出艺术成就奖
卢茨·赖特迈尔第十三届华语电影传媒大奖
观众票选最受瞩目男演员：段奕宏
The 62nd Berlin International Film Festival: Silver Bear Award and Outstanding Artistic Achievement Award
Lutz Wright Meyer 13th Chinese Film Media Award
The most watched actor in the audience's vote: Duan Yihong
剧情概述Plot synopsis
影片改编自陈忠实的同名小说《白鹿原》。小说中白、鹿两个家族世代居住在白鹿原上，乡约鹿子霖（吴刚饰）之子鹿兆鹏为追寻自由，离开家乡，投身于革命事业。白家长工鹿三（刘威饰）之子黑娃与地主家的三姨太田小娥（张雨绮饰）私通，两人逃回到白鹿原准备成亲，却被以族长白嘉轩为首的家族拒绝接纳，被迫搬到村外窑洞内栖身。加入共产党的鹿兆鹏回到家乡后，掀起了一场革命浪潮，黑娃受到启示，加入革命。革命失败后，两人被迫逃亡。鹿子霖趁机强占了独自留守在家的田小娥，并诱使田小娥与现任族长白嘉轩（张丰毅饰）之子白孝文（成泰燊饰）发生关系，以打击白家的威望。白嘉轩当众惩戒白孝文，并与其断绝父子关系，从而引发族内矛盾。白孝文将家产变卖给鹿子霖，后因为贫穷卖身当兵，留下已经怀孕的田小娥一人。一天夜里，鹿三来到窑洞，杀死了田小娥。成为土匪的黑娃回家后，发现田小娥已死，大闹白家，鹿三在羞愤中上吊自杀。随着日军的侵袭，白鹿原这片古老的土地又将面临翻天覆地的变化……
The film is adapted from Chen Zhongshi's novel of the same name White Deer Plain. In the novel， the Bai and Lu families have lived on the White Deer Plain for generations. Lu Zhaopeng， the son of village official Lu Zilin ( played by Wu Gang)， left his hometown to devote himself to the revolutionary cause in pursuit of freedom. Heiwa， the son of a longtime worker of Bai's——Lu San ( played by Liu Wei)， had an affair with Tian Xiao'e ( played by Zhang Yuqi)， the third concubine of the landlord. They fled back to the White Deer Plain to get married， but they were rejected by the family headed by Bai Jiaxuan， the head of the clan， and were forced to move to the kiln cave outside the village. After Lu Zhaopeng， who joined the Communist Party， returned to his hometown， there was a wave of revolution.Heiwa was inspired to join the revolution. After the failure of the revolution， the two were forced to flee. Lu Zilin took the opportunity to seize Tian Xiao'e who stays at home alone， and seduced Tian Xiao'e to have an affair with Bai Xiaowen (played by Cheng Taishen)， the son of the current patriarch Bai Jiaxuan ( played by Zhang Fengyi )， in order to reduce the prestige of the Bai's. Bai Jiaxuan punished Bai Xiaowen in public and cut off the relationship between father and son， which led to contradictions within the family. Bai Xiaowen sold his family property to Lu Zilin. Later， he became a soldier because of poverty， leaving Tian Xiao'e alone， who was pregnant. One night， Lu San came to the cave and killed Tian Xiao'e.Heiwa， who had become a bandit， went home and found Tian Xiao'e dead. He made a scene at the Bai's. Lu San hanged himself in shame and anger. With the invasion of the Japanese army， the ancient land of White Deer Plain would face earth shaking changes.
重要词汇 Important vocabularies
自由 zìyóu n. freedom
革命 ɡémìnɡ n. revolution
成亲 chénɡ//qīn v. get married
逃亡 táowánɡ v. flee
怀孕 huái//yùn v. pregnant
土匪 tǔfěi n. bandit
古老 ɡǔlǎo adj. ancient
例句 Example sentences
1.笼中的鸟儿失去了 自由 。
The birds in the cage had lost their freedom.
2.辛亥 革命 的成功标志着封建制度的灭亡。
The success of the revolution of 1911 marked the demise of the feudal system.
3.在中国古代， 成亲 的流程相当烦琐。
In ancient China， the process of getting married was quite arduous.
4.四处 逃亡 的生活，让他心有余悸。
The life of flee around made him feel a lingering fear.
5.女性 怀孕 生孩子是人类伟大的举动。
It is a great human achievement for women to pregnant and have children.
6.山里的 土匪 已经被剿灭了。
The bandits in the mountains have been eliminated.
7.世界各地都流传着 古老 的传说。
There are ancient legends all over the world.
语言练习Language practices
请为以下句子选择合适的词语进行填空。
Please fill in the blanks with the appropriate words for the following sentences.
1.（）的东方有一条龙，它的名字叫中国。
There is a dragon in the （ ） east whose name is China.
2.烧杀抢掠的（）毁掉了整个村庄。
Burning， killing and looting， the （ ） destroyed the whole village.
3.（）会让女性产生诸多身体和心理上的变化。
（） will cause women to have many physical and psychological changes.
4.今天是我们（）的大喜之日。
Today is our great day of （ ）.
5.（ ）的号角已经吹响。
The horn of （ ） has sounded.
6.任何人都不能非法限制他人的人身（ ）。
No one can illegally restrict the personal （ ） of others.
7.在（ ）的过程中，他们又杀害了几个无辜的人。
In the process of （ ）， they killed several innocent people.
【 导演特色 】 Featuring director
王全安，陕西延安人，中国第六代电影导演代表人物之一。童年时有学习绘画的经历，20世纪80年代考进北京电影学院表演系，先后出演了多部影片。1999年，执导个人首部电影《月蚀》，荣获第22届莫斯科国际电影节国际评委大奖。其作品《图雅的婚事》（2006年）荣获第57届柏林国际电影节金熊奖。王全安善于将戏剧性融入现实主义题材的作品中，使其作品既有人文关怀，关注底层生活，特别是关注中国女性的生存境况，也有强烈的戏剧冲突和叙事张力。王全安在西安电影制片厂工作的经历，使他拍摄了许多中国西部题材的作品，例如蒙古族题材的《图雅的婚事》、以西安城市为背景的《纺织姑娘》（2010年）以及史诗作品《白鹿原》（2012年），展现出十分鲜明的地域风情。
Wang Quan'an， born in Yan'an City， Shaanxi Province， is one of the representatives of China's sixth generation film directors. He learned painting in his childhood. In the 1980s，he was admitted to the performance Department of Beijing Film Academy and starred in many films. In 1999， he directed his first film Lunar Eclipse and won the international jury award of the 22nd Moscow International Film Festival. His work Tuya's Marriage (2006) won the Golden Bear Award at the 57th Berlin International Film Festival. Wang Quan'an excels at integrating drama into realistic works， so that his works not only have humanistic care， paying attention to the downtrodden， especially the living conditions of Chinese women， but also have strong dramatic conflict and narrative tension. Wang Quan'an's shoots many works with Western Chinese themes， such as the Mongolian minority theme of Tuya's Marriage， Weaving Girl with Xi'an city as the background (2010) and the epic White Deer Plain (2012)，showing a very distinctive regional style.
【 手持摄影 】 Hand-held photography
《白鹿原》中运用了大量的手持摄影，影片开端时，白嘉轩因听闻要交的皇粮被抢而跑出家门，以及鹿子霖告诉白嘉轩有人去县城闹事等情节，均利用手持摄影营造出大幅度的晃动感，将人物内心的焦急、不安以及紧张等情绪通过镜头传达给观众。同时，手持摄影所造成的镜头运动也加强了影片中的动感，增加了视觉冲击力。
A lot of hand-held photography is used in White Deer Plain. At the beginning of the film，Bai Jiaxuan ran out of his house because he heard that the imperial grain to be handed in was robbed， and Lu Zilin told Bai Jiaxuan that someone went to the county to make trouble. All of them use hand-held photography to create a large shaking movement and convey the anxiety and tension of the characters to the audience through the lens， strengthening the motion in the film and increasing the visual impact.
【 长镜头 】 Long shot
本片开始便是长镜头拍摄起伏的麦浪，绵延不绝的麦田既交代了影片的空间——关中农村，也为影片奠定了恢宏大气的主要基调，营造了波澜壮阔的史诗氛围。片中多次运用“一镜一景”的镜头设计，长达3分钟的长镜头就有许多。例如影片结尾，已经疯掉的鹿子霖重新回到了白鹿原，日军的炮弹轰炸了白鹿原，这一过程用长镜头展现，凸显了冷静、客观的态度，将历史的残酷呈现在银幕之上。长镜头展现出村庄、麦田、冰河、夕阳之美，其所带来的影像真实和情感真实，是《白鹿原》的艺术特色之一。
At the beginning of the film， the rolling waves of wheat were filmed in a long shot. The endless wheat fields not only explained the space of the film——Guanzhong countryside， but also laid the main tone of the grand atmosphere for the film and created a magnificent epic atmosphere. The lens design of “one mirror and one scene” has been used many times in the film， and there are many long lenses up to 3 minutes. For example， at the end of the film，the crazy Lu Zilin returned to White Deer Plain while the Japanese bombed White Deer Plain.This process was shown in a long lens， highlighting a calm and objective attitude and presenting the cruelty of history on the screen. The long lens shows the beauty of villages，wheat fields， glaciers and sunset. The image reality and emotional reality it brings are one of the artistic features of White Deer Plain.
【 文化象征 】 Cultural symbol
影片以金色麦浪开始，以金色麦浪结尾，导演用金黄色的麦浪象征陕西关中的土地。粮食是人类生存的必需品，人类的繁衍生息依附于土地之上，生老病死、婚丧嫁娶都有着土地的印记。无论朝代政权如何更迭，只有白鹿原这片神奇的土地始终占据着最重要的位置。影片中多次出现牌坊，牌坊是白鹿村的标志，是历史的见证，也隐喻着当时社会对女性的文化束缚，牌坊代表着中国传统的伦理道德——女性要遵守妇道，三从四德，从一而终。
The film starts with golden waves of wheat and ends with golden waves of wheat. The director uses golden waves of wheat to symbolize the land in Guanzhong， Shaanxi Province.Food is a necessity for human survival. Human reproduction depends on the land. Life，death， marriage and funerals have the mark of the land. No matter how the regime changes，only the magical land of White Deer Plain will still always occupy the most important position.The memorial archway appears many times in the film， which is the symbol of Bailu Village，the witness of history， and also a metaphor for the cultural constraints of society on women at that time. The memorial archway represents the traditional ethics of China， which indicates that women should abide by women's morality， three obediences and four virtues， and stick to one.
【 戏曲元素 】 Opera elements
影片中加入了许多民间戏曲的元素，起到了画龙点睛的作用，成为重要的文化符号和剧情线索。片中的关中戏曲元素主要有华阴老腔、碗碗腔、皮影以及秦腔。每当白鹿原上有大事发生，戏曲就配合着剧情出现，或悲怆，或激愤，为影片增添了民族史诗感和历史沧桑感。麦客们收完麦子以后在郭举人家大吼老腔《将令一声震山川》，气势磅礴，声音高亢，充满了男性的血性。这也和黑娃当时的状态不谋而合。当白孝文因为赌博输光了所有家产，和田小娥在一起时，插入了碗碗腔《桃源借水》的段落，田小娥一句“桃花源来了”把观众带入了皮影戏的故事中。片中的戏曲元素使影片散发出浓郁的陕西地域文化气息，视听语言成为塑造影片民族风格的重要手段。
Many elements of folk opera have been added to the film， which has played the role of the finishing touch and become an important cultural symbol and plot clue. Guanzhong opera elements in the film mainly include Huayin Lao Qiang， Wanwan Qiang， shadow play and Shaanxi Opera. Whenever something big happens in White Deer Plain， the opera appears with the plot， either pitiful or angry， adding a sense of national epic and historical vicissitudes to the film. After the wheat harvest， the wheat customers roared the Lao Qiang“General's Command” in Master Guo's house， which was magnificent， loud and full of courage and uprightness. This also coincides with Heiwa's state at that time. When Bai Xiaowen lost all his family property because of gambling and was with Tian Xiao'e， the paragraph of the Wanwan Qiang“Borrow Water from the Land of Peach Blossoms” is inserted. Tian Xiao'e's words “Here comes the Peach Garden” brought the audience into the story of shadow play.The opera elements in the film exude a strong flavor of Shaanxi regional culture， and the audio-visual language has become an important means to shape the national style of the film.
【 田小娥形象 】 Image of Tian Xiao'e
田小娥是影片中最具悲剧色彩的角色，作为片中唯一的女性主人公，田小娥的悲剧也是时代悲剧的缩影。封建社会的女性地位低下，田小娥嫁到举人家做三房姨太太，面对是没有性与爱的生活。当她和黑娃回到白鹿原后，却不被接纳，无法进入祠堂拜堂成亲，只能住在村外的窑洞里。黑娃逃走以后，面对生活的窘迫和世俗的眼光，只能被鹿子霖控制，去陷害白孝文。被鹿三杀害后，田小娥依然为世俗所不容，村民们修建了一座塔去压制田小娥的灵魂。田小娥的悲剧是时代造成的，她的个人命运影射着中国封建社会女性不能自由选择婚姻、无法获得个体独立的悲惨命运。
Tian Xiao'e is the most tragic character in the film. As the only female protagonist， Tian Xiao'e's tragedy also epitomizes the tragedy of the times. The status of women in feudal society was low. Tian Xiao'e was married as a third wife and faced a life without sexual activity and love. When she and Heiwa returned to White Deer Plain， they were not accepted and could not enter the ancestral hall to worship and marry. They had to live in a cave outside the village. After Heiwa escaped， facing the embarrassment of life and secular vision， he could only be controlled by Lu Zilin to frame Bai Xiaowen. After being killed by Lu San， Tian Xiao'e was still not tolerated by the secular world. The villagers built a tower to suppress Tian Xiao'e's soul. Tian Xiao'e's tragedy is a consequence of the times. Her personal fate reflects the tragic fate that women in Chinese feudal society could not freely choose marriage and obtain individual independence.
【 鹿兆鹏 】 Lu Zhaopeng
鹿兆鹏是鹿子霖的儿子，在影片中代表了新一代年轻人的思想观念和价值取向。鹿兆鹏加入了中国共产党，参加革命，接受马克思主义思想，勇于推翻旧社会的种种枷锁。鹿兆鹏能接受被村民们唾弃的黑娃和田小娥，并对他们宣讲了“婚姻自由”的观念。他抛下了封建包办婚姻制度下的妻子，加入了革命的浪潮之中，成为白鹿原这片土地上又一个“反叛者”。
Lu Zhaopeng， the son of Lu Zilin， represents the ideas and values of the new generation of young people in the film. Lu Zhaopeng joined the Communist Party of China， took part in the revolution， accepted Marxist thought， and had the courage to overthrow the shackles of the old society. Lu Zhaopeng accepted Heiwa and Tian Xiao'e， who were despised by the villagers， and preached the concept of “freedom of marriage” to them. He left his wife under the feudal arranged marriage system， joined the tide of revolution and became another“rebel”in the land of White Deer Plain.
互动讨论 Interactive discussion
1.结合剧情和老师的讲解，试着讲讲你对这几句话的理解。
Try to explain your understanding of these sentences in combination with the plot and the teacher's explanation.
（1）老人：白鹿原是个好地方，你把我杀了你也拿不走。
Old man: White Deer Plain is a good place. Even if you kill me， you can't take it away.
（2）白嘉轩：子霖，你这闲话，能杀人。
Bai Jiaxuan: Zilin， you can kill people with your gossip.
2.回答下列问题，并进行讨论。
Answer the following questions and discuss them.
（1）影片中，白嘉轩为什么不让黑娃和田小娥进入祠堂成亲？
In the film， why won't Bai Jiaxuan let Heiwa and Tian Xiao'e enter the ancestral hall to get married?
（2）在你的国家中，有没有具有史诗格局、反映国家变迁历史的影视作品？
In your country， are there any film and television works that have an epic pattern and reflect the history of national changes?
《白鹿原》是中国当代著名作家陈忠实的长篇小说，小说共计50余万字，写作6年后完成。《白鹿原》于1993年首次出版，1998年获得中国第四届茅盾文学奖的殊荣。《白鹿原》具有宏大的历史背景和现实主义创作风格，通过对以陕西关中白鹿村中白姓、鹿姓两大家族之间半个多世纪恩怨纠葛的描写，展示了从清朝末年到二十世纪七八十年代中国的历史变迁，巧妙地将主人公们个人的命运和中国的历史进程相结合，被誉为“渭河平原五十年变迁的雄奇史诗”。小说《白鹿原》在中国影响力巨大，被改编成同名电影、电视剧、话剧、舞剧、秦腔等多种艺术形式。
（1）电视剧：电视剧版《白鹿原》，共计77集，于2016年推出。电视剧版更全面地展示了小说中的内容，再现了错综复杂的人物关系和时代变迁。
（2）话剧：经典版本有北京人民艺术剧院、陕西人民艺术剧院的版本，两个版本各有千秋，均获得了观众的好评。
（3）现代舞剧：舞剧版《白鹿原》用肢体语言带给观众纯美的艺术享受。
White Deer Plain is a novel written by Chen Zhongshi， a famous contemporary Chinese writer， with a total of more than 500，000 words. It took six years to complete. White Deer Plain was first published in 1993 and won the fourth Mao Dun Literature Award in 1998. White Deer Plain has a grand historical background and realistic creative style. Through the description of the grievances and entanglements between the Bai family and the Lu family in the White Deer Village in Guanzhong， Shaanxi Province for more than half a century， it shows the historical changes of China from the end of the Qing Dynasty to the 1970s and 1980s. It skillfully combines the personal fate of the protagonists with the historical process of China， and is known as“the magnificent epic of the changes of the Weihe Plain in the past 50 years”. The novel White Deer Plain has had a great influence in China and has been adapted into a variety of artistic forms such as films， TV dramas， dramas， dance dramas， Shaanxi Opera and so on.
（1） TV dramas: the TV dramas version of White Deer Plain， had a total of 77 episodes，and was launched in 2016. The TV drama version shows the content of the novel more comprehensively， and reproduces the complex relationship between characters and the changes of the times.
(2 ) Dramas: the classic versions include Beijing People's Art Theatre and Shaanxi People's Art Theatre. Both versions have their own merits and have won high praise from the audience.
（3） Modern dance dramas: the dance dramas version of White Deer Plain uses body language to bring the audience pure and beautiful artistic enjoyment.
陈忠实于1942年出生于陕西西安，中国当代著名作家。代表作品有《接班以后》《蓝袍》《到老白杨树背后去》等。1980年凭借《立身篇》获得飞天文学奖。长篇小说《白鹿原》获第四届茅盾文学奖。2009年短篇小说《李十三推磨》获得第13届百花奖。2016年4月，陈忠实因癌症在西安去世。陈忠实的小说多围绕家乡陕西进行写作，表现关中地区独特的风土民情和农民形象，关注历史中人和民族的命运，具有深刻的文化反思意识。
Chen Zhongshi was borned in 1942 in Xi'an， Shaanxi Province， who is a famous contemporary Chinese writer. Representative works include After Taking Over， Blue Robe， Go Behind the Old Poplar Tree and so on. In 1980， he won the Flying Literature Award for Standing Up. The novel White Deer Plain won the 4th Mao Dun Literature Award. In 2009，the short story A Tale of Li Shisan and the Millstone won the 13th Hundred Flowers Award. In April 2016， Chen Zhongshi died of cancer in Xi'an. Chen Zhongshi's novels are mostly set in his hometown， Shaanxi， showing the unique customs and depicting the image of farmers in Guanzhong area， paying attention to the fate of people and nations in history， and having a deep sense of cultural reflection.
白鹿原影视城位于陕西省西安市蓝田县，2016年正式开园。该影视城主要为影视拍摄提供服务，并且可以供普通游客进行观光旅游，是集文化娱乐、休闲度假等功能于一体的综合性旅游区。主要景点有白鹿村、滋水县城、景观步道等，影视城的建筑风格以《白鹿原》小说中的关中民间建筑为主，在白鹿原影视城取景的有电影《百鸟朝凤》《老腔》，电视剧《白鹿原》《兵出潼关》等作品。白鹿原影视城还为游客提供大型真人特效特技实景剧《二虎守长安》、大型沉浸式“拍演放”一体化的演出《黑娃起义》、华阴老腔、杂技《白灵》等丰富多样的演出形式。
White Deer Plain Studios， located in Lantian County， Xi'an City， Shaanxi Province，was officially opened in 2016. The studios mainly provides services for film and television shooting and allow sightseeing for ordinary tourists. It is a comprehensive tourism area integrating cultural entertainment， leisure and vacation. The main scenic spots include Bailu Village， Zishui County， landscape footpaths， etc. The architectural style of the studios is mainly based on the Guanzhong folk buildings in the novel White Deer Plain. The films Song of the Phoenix， Yellow River Aria-Lao Qiang and TV dramas White Deer Plain and Soldiers Out of Tongguan are taken in White Deer Plain Studios. White Deer Plain Studios also provides tourists with rich and diverse performances， such as the large-scale real-life special effect live show Two Tigers Guarding Chang'an， the large-scale immersive“ shooting， performance and release” integrated performance Heiwa Uprising， Huayin Lao Qiang， and acrobatic Bai Ling.
关中位于陕西省中部，包括西安市、宝鸡市、咸阳市、渭南市、铜川市，以及杨凌农业高新技术产业示范区。关中地区四面都有天然的屏障，易守难攻，所以秦、汉、隋、唐等朝代都将该地视为“龙兴之地”，不约而同地选择在关中的长安建立都城。关中平原物产丰饶，渭河从中穿越而过，其地理条件和气候条件适宜发展农业，是中国的风水宝地。关中地区文化旅游资源丰富，有兵马俑、华山、法门寺、太白山、黄帝陵、大雁塔等旅游景点。
Guanzhong is located in the middle of Shaanxi Province， including Xi'an City， Baoji City， Xianyang City， Weinan City， Tongchuan City， and Yangling agricultural high-tech industry demonstration zone. There are natural barriers on all sides of the Guanzhong area，which are easy to defend and difficult to attack. Therefore， the Qin， Han， Sui， Tang and other dynasties regarded the area as the “ place of origin of a dynasty”， and spontaneously chose Chang'an in Guanzhong to establish the capital. Guanzhong Plain is rich in natural resources， and the Weihe River crosses it. Its geographical and climatic conditions are suitable for the development of agriculture. It is a geomantic treasure land in China.Guanzhong area is rich in cultural tourism resources， such as the Terracotta Warriors，Huashan Mountains， Famen Temple， Taibai Mountains， Huangdi Mausoleum and the Big Wild Goose Pagoda.
Biɑnɡbiɑnɡ面是关中传统面食，因为在制作时摔面发出的biɑnɡbiɑnɡ声而得名。这是一种手擀面，面条厚实且非常宽，泼上油辣子，用大碗盛食。Biɑnɡ是一个合成字，在电脑中常用拼音替代。Biɑnɡ字在写作时有一个口诀：一点飞上天，黄河两道弯，八字大张口，言字往里走，左一扭，右一扭，你一长，我一长，当中夹个马大王，心作底，月作帮，揳个钉钉挂麻糖，推上车车逛咸阳。
Biangbiang Noodles is a traditional pasta in Guanzhong because of the noise emitted by slapping noodles during production. BiangBiang is named after this sound. It is a kind of handmade noodles. The noodles are thick and very wide. They are sprinkled with spicy oil and served in a large bowl. Biang is a synthetic word， which is often replaced by Pinyin in computers. There is a formula for writing the word “Biang”: fly to heaven at one point， the Yellow River turns two corners， the eight characters open their mouth， the words go in， twist left and twist right， you grow and I grow， with a king horse in the middle， the heart as the bottom， the moon as the help， a nail to hang sesame sugar， push the car to Xianyang.
陕西花馍起源于关中、陕北地区，是一种以面制作的花面馒头，通常被称为花馍或花面。人们利用简单的白面制作出了颜色鲜艳、造型多样、寓意和美的各式花色馍馍，主要用于逢年过节、婚丧嫁娶、祭祀祖先等民间节事活动中。
Shaanxi Huamo originated in Guanzhong and Northern Shaanxi. It is a kind of flowery steamed bun made of flour. It is usually called Huamo or Huamian. People use simple white flour to make all kinds of colorful steamed buns with bright colors， diverse shapes， moral and beauty， which are mainly used in folk festivals such as New Year holidays， weddings and funerals， sacrifices for ancestors and so on.
土织布是陕西民间广为传承的传统手工技法，陕西咸阳的武功县、乾县是其主要发源地。土织布由纯棉织成，经过72道工序纯手工制作，色彩艳丽，肤感舒适，具有浓郁的乡土气息和鲜明的民族特色。每逢嫁女，母亲都要为女儿亲手织出各色花样的床单作为嫁妆，并且把织布的技艺传给女儿，代代相传，这是中国人民勤劳和智慧的象征。
Local woven fabric is a traditional handicraft technique widely inherited by Shaanxi people， and its main birthplace is Wugong County and Qian County in Xianyang， Shaanxi Province. Local woven fabric is made of pure cotton and is handmade through 72 processes. It has bright colors， a comfortable skin feeling， strong local flavor and distinctive national characteristics. Every time a daughter is married， the mother will personally weave colorful sheets for her daughter as a dowry， and pass on the weaving skills to her daughter， carry on from generation to generation， which is a symbol of the diligence and wisdom of the Chinese people.
陕西省凤翔县的木板年画是中国传统民间画中的重要流派，被誉为“东方智慧的结晶”。2006年5月20日，凤翔木板年画入选第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。凤翔木板年画在唐宋时就已经开始创作，经历了民国时期，但是现今因为机器印刷的高效率和低成本，传统的木板年画手艺几乎中断。凤翔木板年画的题材主要有风俗画、家宅六神、窗花画等。
The wooden New Year pictures in Fengxiang County， Shaanxi Province is an important genre of traditional Chinese folk painting， known as“the crystallization of Oriental wisdom”.On May 20，2006， Fengxiang wooden New Year pictures were selected into the first batch of National Intangible Cultural Heritage List. Fengxiang wooden New Year pictures began to be created in the Tang and Song Dynasties and experienced the period of the Republic of China， but now the traditional technology of wooden New Year pictures is almost extinct because of the high efficiency and low cost of machine printing. The themes of Fengxiang wooden New Year pictures mainly include custom paintings， six gods of family houses， window flower paintings， etc.
又称“关中八大怪”，主要是指陕西关中地区出现的八种独特的传统习俗。分别是，第一怪：板凳不坐蹲起来；第二怪：房子半边盖；第三怪：盆碗不分开；第四怪：帕帕头上戴；第五怪：面条像裤带；第六怪：锅盔像锅盖；第七怪：油泼辣子一道菜；第八怪：秦腔不唱吼起来。
Also known as“Eight customs of Guanzhong”， mainly refers to eight unique traditional customs in Guanzhong， Shaanxi Province. Respectively， the first custom: people do not sit on the bench but squat on it; The second custom: only half of the house is built; The third custom: pots and bowls are not separated; The fourth custom: wearing a handkerchief on the head; The fifth custom: noodles are like trouser belts; The sixth custom: a pot helmet is like a pot lid; The seventh custom: pour spicy oil on the plate and a dish is made; The eighth custom: Shaanxi Opera is not sung， it is roared.
1.通过电影《白鹿原》和延伸阅读的学习，简单描述你对陕西关中的印象。
Briefly describe your impression of Guanzhong， Shaanxi Province， through the study of the film White Deer Plain and extended reading.
2.和大家分享一下，在你的国家，有哪些具有地域特色的美食？
What is the local cuisine of your country? Share it with the class.
一起来学习陕西方言吧！
Let's learn Shaanxi dialect together!
么马达：没问题，一般表示自己可以顺利地做完某事。
克里马擦：表示动作麻利、干活迅速，干脆利落地做完某事。
聊咋咧：太好了、非常好。表示开心与赞同。
谝闲传：聊天，多指对于不重要事情的讨论和闲聊。
咥一碗：咥就是吃的意思，咥一碗就是吃一碗，通常指的是吃面。
扎式：摆架子，打肿脸充胖子的意思。
哈怂：指的是坏人。
木乱：麻烦、思绪烦乱的意思。
Me ma da: No problem. It usually means that you can finish something smoothly.
Ke li ma ca: It means to move quickly， work quickly， and finish something quickly.
Liao za lie: It means great， very good. Express happiness and approval.
Pian xian chuan: Chatting， it refers to discuss about unimportant things.
Die yi wan: Die means eating. Die yi wan means eating a bowl. It usually refers to eating noodles.
Zha shi: It means put on airs slap one's face until it's swollen in an effort to look imposing.
Ha song: It refers to bad people.
Mu luan: It means trouble， confused thoughts.