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Key points
1.Learn about the artlstic characteristics Of Red Sorghum
2.Learn about the artistic style of director Zhang Yimou
Difficult points
1.Know about the symbol of red in this film
2.Know about the literature achievements Of famous Chinese writer Mo Yan
3.Analyze the theme extolled in this film
导演 ：张艺谋
编剧 ：莫言/陈剑雨/朱伟
主演 ：姜文/巩俐
类型 ：剧情/战争
制片国家/地区 ：中国内地
上映日期 ：1988-02（柏林国际电影节）
1988-05-19（中国香港）
片长 ：91分钟
英文名 ： Red Sorghum
改编自莫言的同名小说《红高粱》
Director : Zhang Yimou
Screenwriter : Mo Yan / Chen Jianyu / Zhu Wei
Starring : Jiang Wen / Gong Li
Type : Drama/ War
Production country / region : Mainland China
Release date : February， 1988(Berlin International Film Festival)
May 19，1988(Hong Kong， China)
Length : 91 minutes
English name: Red Sorghum
Adapted from Mo Yan's novel of the same name Red Sorghum
主要获奖 Major awards
第三十八届柏林国际电影节：金熊奖
第八届中国电影金鸡奖：最佳故事片、最佳摄影、最佳音乐、最佳录音、最佳导演、最佳男主角
第十一届大众电影百花奖：最佳故事片
The 38th Berlin International Film Festival: Golden Bear Award
The 8th Golden Rooster Award for Chinese Film: Best Feature Film， Best Photography，Best Music， Best Recording， Best Director and Best Actor
The 11th Hundred Flowers Award: Best Feature Film
剧情梗概 Plot synopsis
影片从“我”口中讲述“我奶奶”九儿和“我爷爷”余占鳌的故事。九儿（巩俐饰）19岁那年因十八里坡的李大头给了一头骡子作为彩礼出嫁，余占鳌（姜文饰）以轿夫的身份负责把轿子抬到十八里坡，路过高粱地里时被打劫。轿夫们把钱都交了出来，劫匪还强制要奶奶跟他走。余占鳌及轿夫们将劫匪失手打死，余占鳌与九儿两人一见钟情。不久李大头死了，九儿扛下了烧酒作坊。土匪三炮劫走了九儿，逼着坊里拿钱赎身，罗汉等人筹资换回了九儿。高粱酒里撒了一泡尿，没想到酒的味道格外好，九儿起名为十八里红。后来，日本人来青杀口修路，用武力逼着百姓踩平高粱，并且活剥了罗汉。九儿组织烧酒作坊众人开始了勇敢的对抗。九儿被日本人的机枪打死，愤怒的余占鳌决定和大伙与日军同归于尽。余占鳌和儿子站在九儿尸体旁，大声唱起了童谣：“娘，娘，上西南，宽宽的大路，长长的宝船……”一段传奇落幕。
The story of this film is told by the narrator as“I”， about “my grandmother” Jiu'er， and“my grandfather” Yu Zhan'ao. Jiu'er ( played by Gong Li) was married to Li Datou at the age of 19 years old， because Li Datou of Shibali slope paid a mule as bride price. Yu Zhan'ao(played by Jiang Wen) was responsible for carrying the sedan chair to Shibali slope as a chair carrier. But they were robbed when passing through the sorghum field. The sedan bearers had handed over all the money， but still the robbers forced grandmother to go with them. Yu Zhan'ao and the other sedan chair bearers killed the robbers by accident. Yu Zhan'ao and Jiu'er fell in love at first sight. Soon， Li Datou died and Jiu'er managed the brewery. The bandits Sanpao kidnapped Jiu'er forcing the brewery to give them the money to buy back her freedom. Luo Han and others raised money in exchange for Jiu'er. There was a bubble of urine in sorghum wine. Unexpectedly， the wine tasted particularly good. Jiu'er named it the Shibali red. Later， the Japanese came to Qingshakou to build roads and forced people to smooth sorghum. They stripped Luohan alive. Jiu'er organized the people of the brewery to begin a brave confrontation. Jiu'er was killed by the Japanese army's machine guns. Yu Zhan'ao became angry and decided to perish together with the Japanese army. Yu Zhan'ao and his son stood beside Jiu'er's body and sang a nursery rhyme loudly:“Mum， mum， go to the southwest， through the wide roads， on the long treasure boats…” and the legend ended.
重要词汇 Important vocabularies
打劫 dǎjié vt. rob
一见钟情 yījiàn-zhōnɡqínɡ fall in love at first sight
高粱 ɡāo·liɑnɡ n. sorghum
赎身 shú//shēn v. buy back one's freedom
愤怒 fènnù adj. angry
童谣 tónɡyáo n. nursery rhyme
传奇 chuánqí n. legend
例句 Example sentences
1.昨天，路口的金店遭遇了 打劫 。
Yesterday， the gold shop at the intersection was robbed.
2. 一见钟情 的剧情，常常出现在爱情电影里。
The plot of fall in love at first sight often appears in love films.
3. 高粱 是酿酒的好材料。
Sorghum is a good material for brewing.
4. 赎身 需要一笔不菲的费用。
It will cost a lot to buy back one's freedom.
5.他不停地抱怨，她感到十分 愤怒 。
She is very angry about his endless complaints.
6.每个国家和地区都有脍炙人口的 童谣 。
There are popular nursery rhymes in every country and region.
7.他的丰功伟绩终将成为 传奇 。
His achievements will eventually become legend.
语言练习Language practices
请为以下句子选择合适的词语进行填空。
Please fill in the blanks with the appropriate words for the following sentences.
1.罗宾汉是英国历史中的（ ）人物。
Robin Hood is a （ ） character in British history.
2.紧握的双手展现了他（ ）的情绪。
The clenched hands showed his （ ） mood.
3.《小星星》是一首广为流传的（ ）。
Little Star is a popular （ ）.
4.最近，警方破获了一起金店（ ）案。
Recently， the police cracked a gold shop （ ） case.
5.（ ）后，你就不再被束缚。
After （ ）， you will not be constrained.
6.我和他（ ），浪漫极了。
I （ ） with him （ ）， which was so romantic.
7.一望无际的（ ），象征着旺盛的生命。
The endless （ ） symbolizes vigorous life.
【 导演特色 】 Featuring director
张艺谋，1950年4月2日出生于陕西西安，是中国第五代电影导演的领军人物之一，毕业于北京电影学院摄影系。他的电影主要改编自现实主义题材文学作品，且善于使用色彩语言，融入了鲜明的中国元素，在各类型影片中形成了独特的审美观念和中国式的创新。张艺谋的作品在屡获国际大奖的同时，具有不俗的票房号召力，兼具艺术和商业价值，真正做到了“雅俗共存”，使中国电影真正地走向了世界的舞台。
张艺谋的艺术成就颇丰，在陈凯歌导演的《黄土地》（1984年）一片中担任摄影师，以演员的身份主演了吴天明导演的《老井》（1986年），夺得“东京电影节最佳男演员”的称号，并担任2008年北京奥运会开幕式和闭幕式总导演。其代表作品有《菊豆》（1990年）、《秋菊打官司》（1992年）、《有话好好说》（1997年）、《英雄》（2002年）、《长城》（2016年）、《影》（2018年）等。
Zhang Yimou， born in Xi'an， Shaanxi Province， on April 2，1950， is one of the leaders of China's fifth generation of film directors. He graduated from the Photography Department of Beijing Film Academy. His films are mainly adapted from realistic literary works and he is excel at using language of color. In various types of films， he has formed a unique aesthetic concept and Chinese-style innovation. While winning many international awards， Zhang Yimou's works not only have good box office appeal， but also have artistic and commercial value. They truly achieve the “ coexistence of elegance and vulgarity” and truly bring Chinese films to the world stage.
Zhang Yimou has achieved great artistic success. He worked as a photographer in Yellow Earth (1984)， directed by Chen Kaige. He starred as an actor in Old Well (1986)，directed by Wu Tianming， and won the title of “ best actor in Tokyo Film Festival”. Then，he was appointed as the general director of the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. His representative works include Ju Dou (1990)， The Story of Qiu Ju (1992)， Keep Cool (1997)， Hero (2002)， The Great Wall (2016)， Shadow(2018)， etc.
【 红色的象征 】 The symbol of red
影片《红高粱》的总基调为红色，张艺谋导演擅长运用色彩的“表意”作用。从人物到空间，都大面积运用红色，片中有红色的衣服、红色的高粱，还有红色的太阳和土壤，红色贯穿了影片的主色调和局部色调，在传达导演创作意图和构建美学风格的同时，给观众以强烈的视觉冲击。
红色在中国电影中有以下几种含义：
（1） 代表喜庆 ：传统的红色象征着喜庆、吉祥，在中国民间风俗中多用于喜事，逢年过节、新婚之喜都要装点红色，以求吉利。片中九儿出嫁，红鞭炮一响，九儿坐着红色的花轿，穿着红色的衣服与鞋子，这是中国民间婚庆的典型习俗。鲜红的轿子是喜庆的，九儿却要被迫嫁给五十多岁的李大头，此处是张艺谋对红色以喜衬悲的诠释。
（2） 代表热情与血性 ：片中罗汉酿出的红色的高粱酒，还有田中浓密的红高粱、红色的土地象征中华儿女豪迈的姿态，是他们蓬勃的原始生命力的写照。红色为本片营造了炙热、疯狂的氛围，是中华儿女热血、勇敢的精神象征。
（3） 代表鲜血与暴力 ：红色也是鲜血的颜色，给人以暴力、不安的躁动感。放在日本卡车上的血红色的牛皮，再到影片结尾九儿遭到日军杀害后，红色高粱酒的破碎，整个画面被异样的鲜红色笼罩。此处的红色有血腥暴力之意，也是对日军在战争中残忍行为的无声控诉。
The general tone of the film Red Sorghum is red. Director Zhang Yimou excels at using the “ideographic” function of color. From the characters to space， red is widely used. There are red clothes， red sorghum， red sun and soil in the film. Red runs through as the main color and local tone of the film， which not only conveys the director's creative intention and constructs the aesthetic style， but also gives the audience a strong visual impact.
Red has the following meanings in Chinese films:
（1） Represents festivity: the traditional red symbolizes festivity and auspiciousness. It is mostly used for festive events in Chinese folk customs. During New Year's Day or other festivals and wedding celebrations， it should be decorated with red in order to be lucky. In the film， Jiu'er gets married and the red firecracker rings. Jiu'er sits in a red sedan chair and wears red clothes and shoes， which is a typical custom of Chinese folk wedding. The bright red sedan chair is festive， but Jiu'er is forced to marry Li Datou， who is in his fifties. Here is Zhang Yimou's interpretation of red as joy against sorrow.
(2) Represents enthusiasm and courage and uprightness: the red sorghum wine brewed by Luo Han in the film， the thick red sorghum in the field and the red land symbolizes the heroic attitude of the Chinese people， which is a portrayal of their vigorous primitive vitality. Red creates a hot and crazy atmosphere for the film. It is the spiritual symbol of the blood and courage of the Chinese people.
（3） Represents blood and violence: red is also the color of blood， giving people a violent and restless feeling. The blood red cowhide on the Japanese truck， and then at the end of the film， after Jiu'er was killed by the Japanese army， the red sorghum wine was broken and the whole picture was shrouded in a strange bright red. The red here represents blood and violence and is also a silent protest against the cruel acts of the Japanese army in the war.
【 民族音乐 】 Folk music
片中音乐由著名作曲家赵季平创作，在环境音的基础上凸显了民族乐器的韵味，将唢呐、笙和鼓组合起来，构筑出具有交响乐独特性的音响造型，使影片充满浓厚的中国西北地域特色。颠轿时高亢明亮的唢呐声，加上西北嘹亮的民歌以及特有的男高音，将黄土高原的豪迈风情，以及人身上喷涌而出的原始生命力展示给观众。其中《酒神曲》《颠轿曲》等几首插曲也是广为流传。人声的演唱极具民族特色，粗犷有力，高亢的嗓音借鉴了陕西陕北地区民歌的表现方法，淳朴自然却不失美感。音乐是电影画面的补充，也是电影视听构成中重要的有机组成部分，能够起到塑造人物、深化主题的作用。片中的《妹妹曲》运用了山东地区戏曲和陕西秦腔的元素，高亢的接近嘶吼的男声演唱配上随风摇曳的高粱，展示了生命力的旺盛；《酒神曲》《颠轿曲》都富有阳刚之气，展示了西北男人的真性情，特别是《酒神曲》出现在抗日的背景下，表达了民众的抗日决心和视死如归的英雄气概。
The music in the film is created by the famous composer Zhao Jiping， which highlights the charm of Chinese national musical instruments on the basis of environmental sound.Suona， Sheng and drum are combined to build a unique sound shape with symphony， which make the film full of strong regional characteristics of Northwest China. The sonorous and bright suona sound， coupled with the loud folk songs in the northwest and the unique tenor，show the heroic style of the Loess Plateau and the original vitality gushing from people to the audience. Among them， several episodes such as“ Dionysian Song” and “ Sedan Chair Bumping Song” are also widely spread. The singing of human voice has great national characteristics， rough and powerful. The high-pitched voice draws lessons from the expression method of folk songs in Northern Shaanxi， which is simple， natural， but aesthetic. Music is not only the supplement of motion pictures， but also an important organic part of film audio-visual composition. It can shape characters and deepen themes.“ Sister Theme Song in the film” uses the elements of Shandong Opera and Shaanxi Opera. The high-pitched male singing close to roaring， coupled with sorghum swaying with the wind， shows the exuberance of vitality. Both “Dionysian Song” and “Sedan Chair Bumping Song” are full of masculinity，which show the real personality of men in Northwest China. In particular，“Dionysian Song”appears in the background of anti-Japanese sentiment， expressing the people's determination to resist Japan and the heroic spirit of treating death as home.
【 人物塑造 】 Characterization
九儿因家庭贫困，19岁时被李大头以一头骡子的价格定亲。九儿是片中唯一的女性，她不同于中国封建社会中的传统女性，不甘于服从命运的安排，憎恨封建社会的伦理纲常对人性的束缚。她善良、单纯，却敢爱敢恨，勇于追求自己的爱情。面对外敌对中国的入侵，她用生命保卫了家园，举起反抗侵略者的大旗。余占鳌是典型的西北汉子，为了自己心爱的女子，敢于冲破封建礼教的束缚。他疾恶如仇，对于伤害心爱之人的人绝不姑息，血性方刚，敢于同外来势力作斗争。《红高粱》中的英雄都不是传统意义上的伟大人物，九儿和余占鳌张扬了普通人身上的个性，巧妙地将爱国主义和个人意志的抒发融合在一起。
Jiu'er was engaged to Li Datou at the age of 19 at the price of a mule because of the poverty of Jiu'er's family. Jiu'er is the only woman in the film. She is different from the traditional women in Chinese feudal society. She is unwilling to submit to the arrangement of fate and hates the shackles of human nature often imposed by the ethics of feudal society. She is kind and simple， but dares to love and hate and dares to pursue her own love. Facing the invasion of China by foreign enemies， she defends her home with her life and raises the banner of resistance against the invaders. Yu Zhan'ao is a typical northwest man. For the sake of his beloved woman， he dares to break through the shackles of feudal ethics. He has an abhorrence of sin. He does not tolerate that somebody would hurt his beloved. He is vigorous and brave， and dares to fight against foreign forces. The heroes in Red Sorghum are not great figures in the traditional sense. Jiu'er and Yu Zhan'ao expose the personality of ordinary people and skillfully integrate patriotism and the expression of personal will.
【 张艺谋电影中的女性 】 Women in Zhang Yimou's films
《秋菊打官司》（1992年）：电影中的女主人公秋菊生活在中国西北的一个农村，丈夫在与村长争执时被踢伤下体。面对村长的拒不道歉，秋菊走上了维权之路，怀着身孕的她从乡上告到县上，执意要“讨个说法”。本片的许多场景采用了“偷拍”的方式，呈现出了极强的纪实效果。本片获得了第49届威尼斯电影节金狮奖。
《一个都不能少》（1999年）：14岁的山村少女魏敏芝是本片的主角，她来到山里的小学当代课老师。她给校长承诺，班里孩子一个都不能少。一个10岁的孩子张慧科因为家庭贫困，不得不辍学去城里打工。面对陌生的城市，魏敏芝为了坚守“一个都不能少”的承诺独自上路了，经过一番磨难，最终借助媒体的力量找回了张慧科。
《我的父亲母亲》（1999年）：村里的少女招娣爱上了村里新来的青年教师骆老师，在那个闭塞的年代，招娣不顾他人的眼光，大胆追求着自己的心上人。她给骆老师送饭，为了特意听到骆老师的琅琅读书声，挑水绕远路，每天都在骆老师回家的路上等着他。历经磨难，两个有情人终在一起，相爱相守四十年，成为流传的爱情佳话。
The Story of Qiu Ju (1992): the heroine Qiu Ju lives in a rural area in Northwest China.Her husband got his private parts kicked and injured while arguing with the village head.Faced with the village head's refusal to apologize， Qiu Ju embarked on the road of safeguarding her husband's rights. She was pregnant and appealed to the county from the countryside and insisted on“asking for an explanation”. Many scenes in this film adopt the way of “ candid shooting”， showing a strong documentary effect. The film won the Golden Lion Award of the 49th Venice Film Festival.
Not One Less (1999): Wei Minzhi， a 14-year-old mountain village girl， is the protagonist of the film. She came to be a substitute teacher in a primary school in the mountains. She promised the headmaster that none of the children in the class can be less.Zhang Huike， a 10-year-old child， had to drop out of school to work in the city because of his poor family. In the face of a strange city， Wei Minzhi embarked on the road alone in order to adhere to the promise of “not one less”. After some hardships， she finally recovered Zhang Huike with the help of the media.
The Road Home (1999): Zhaodi， a young girl in the village， fell in love with Mr. Luo，a new young teacher in the village. In those closed years， Zhaodi ignored the eyes of others and boldly pursued her sweetheart. She sent meals to Mr. Luo. In order to specially hear Mr.Luo's reading voice， she carried water around the long way and waited for Mr. Luo's way home every day. After much suffering， the two lovers finally got together and remained true to each other for 40 years， which became a popular love story.
【 高粱与十八里红 】 Sorghum and Shibali red
张艺谋在导演阐述里说道：《红高粱》通过人物个性的塑造来赞美生命，赞美生命那种喷涌不尽的勃勃生机，赞美生命的自由、舒展。《红高粱》中大片的高粱在银幕上翻飞流动，金色的阳光下，逆光拍摄狂舞的高粱分外耀眼。高粱代表的是中华民族旺盛的生命力，是在强权面前不愿屈服、自力更生的生命状态。高粱酿成的酒，余占鳌的“尿”居然成了十八里红的点睛之笔。这种设定强化了十八里红所象征的不拘一格的自由精神。众人在决定与日军拼死对抗前，敬酒神，一饮而尽，用手中的大刀冲向侵略者的机枪，用身躯担起守卫祖国的重任。敢爱敢恨的中华儿女，崇尚生命的力量，这也是张艺谋写出的生命赞歌。
Zhang Yimou said in the director's exposition: Red Sorghum praises life through the shaping of characters' personality， praises the endless vitality of life， and praises the freedom and stretch of life. In Red Sorghum， a large area of sorghum flies and flows on the screen.Under the golden sun， the sorghum dancing against the light is particularly dazzling. Sorghum represents the exuberant vitality of the Chinese nation. It is a state of life that is unwilling to yield and self-reliance in the face of power. The wine made from sorghum， Yu Zhan'ao's“urine” has actually become the finishing touch of Shibali red. This setting strengthens the spirit of freedom symbolized by the Shibali red. Before they decided to fight the Japanese army to the death， they toasted God， drank it all in one gulp， rushed at the aggressor's machine gun with their broadswords， and shouldered the heavy responsibility of guarding the motherland with their bodies. The Chinese people who dare to love and hate， advocate the power of life， which is also the hymn of life written by Zhang Yimou.
【 其他版本 】 Other versions
由张艺谋执导、莫言编剧的《红高粱》斩获国际大奖，成为中国电影走向世界的引路碑、第五代导演的经典之作。此后，莫言的《红高粱家族》被改编为其他艺术作品：
（1）豫剧《红高粱》：2012年参与文化部举办的全国优秀剧目展演获得相关奖项。
（2）评剧《红高粱》：2015年在天津评剧院首演。
（3）舞剧《红高粱》：2013年首演，青岛市歌舞剧院创作演出。舞剧版本基本保留了小说原著以及电影《红高粱》故事的主线情节，分为颠轿、野合、祭酒、丰收、屠杀、出殡六大章节，以芭蕾舞的形式再现了这个传奇故事。
（4）电视剧《红高粱》：2014年中国大陆首播，共六十集。电视剧版由郑晓龙执导，周迅饰演主人公“九儿”，更为详细地还原了原创剧本。
Directed by Zhang Yimou and written by Mo Yan， Red Sorghum won an international award and became a standard for Chinese films to the world and a classic of the fifth generation of directors. Since then， Mo Yan's Red Sorghum Clan has been adapted into other works of art:
（1） Henan opera Red Sorghum: participated in the national excellent play exhibition held by the Ministry of culture in 2012 and won relevant awards.
（2） Pingju opera Red Sorghum: premiered in Tianjin Pingju Opera Theater in 2015.
（3） Dance drama Red Sorghum: premiered in 2013， created and performed by Qingdao song and dance theater. The dance drama version basically retains the main plot of the original novel and the story of the film Red Sorghum. It is divided into six chapters: sedan chair bumping， field adultery， wine offering， harvest， slaughter and funeral， which reproduces this legendary story in the form of ballet.
（4） The TV series Red Sorghum: it was first broadcast in Mainland China in 2014， with a total of sixty episodes. Directed by Zheng Xiaolong， Zhou Xun plays the protagonist“Jiu'er”， the TV drama version restores the original script in more detail.
互动讨论 Interactive discussion
结合剧情和老师的讲解，试着回答以下问题。
Combining the plot with the teacher's explanation， try to answer the following questions.
1.电影《红高粱》中讲故事的“我”是谁？
Who is the “I” telling the story in the film Red Sorghum ?
2.谈谈你对本片中红色的理解。
Talk about your understanding of red in this film.
3.你还看过张艺谋的其他电影吗？是否喜欢？说说看。
Have you seen other films directed by Zhang Yimou? Did you like them? Give your opinions.
莫言，原名管谟业，1955年生于山东省高密市，毕业于北京师范大学，是中国当代著名作家，2011年先后获得韩国万海文学奖、中国茅盾文学奖，2012年摘得诺贝尔文学奖的金冠，成为首位获得该国际奖项的中国作家。
其创作风格以“大胆”著称，带有明显的先锋色彩，是“寻根文学”作家流派的代表人物之一。在对中国乡土的写作中，莫言融入了富有传奇色彩的自我创造，善用联想、梦境、幻觉等写作手法，写动物故事、鬼怪故事和人的传奇，形成了独特的魔幻现实主义的小说风格。除此之外，莫言的小说也充满了对本民族历史和现实的审视，具有强烈的反思精神和批评意识，其作品具有“世界文学”的品质。莫言的小说代表作品有《红高粱家族》《生死疲劳》《丰乳肥臀》《蛙》《檀香刑》《食草家族》等。
Mo Yan， formerly known as Guan Moye， was born in Gaomi County-level City，Shandong Province in 1955 and graduated from Beijing Normal University. He is a famous contemporary Chinese writer. In 2011， he successively won the South Korean Manhae Prize for Literature and the Chinese Mao Dun Literature Award. In 2012， he won the gold crown of the Nobel Literature Award， becoming the first Chinese writer to win this international award.
His creative style is famous for its “boldness” and has an obvious vanguard color. He is one of the representatives of the writer school of “ root seeking literature”. In the writing of Chinese countryside， it integrates legendary self-creation， makes good use of writing techniques such as association， dream and illusion， and writes animal stories， ghost stories and human legends， forming a unique magical realistic novel style. In addition， Mo Yan's novels are also full of examination of the national history and reality， with a strong spirit of reflection and criticism， and his works have the quality of “world literature”. Representative works of Mo Yan's novels include Red Sorghum Clan， Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out，Big Breasts and Wide Hips， Frog， Sandalwood Death and The Herbivorous Family.
1.电影《红高粱》（1988年）改编自莫言的小说《红高粱家族》。
The film Red Sorghum (1988) is adapted from Mo Yan's novel Red Sorghum Clan.
2.电影《暖》（2004年）改编自小说《白狗秋千架》，由霍建起导演。
The film Nuan (2004) is adapted from the novel White Dog Swing Fram， directed by Huo Jianqi.
3.电影《幸福时光》（2000年），改编自小说《师傅越来越幽默》，由张艺谋导演。
The film Happy Times (2000) is adapted from the novel Shifu， You'll Do Anything for a Laugh， directed by Zhang Yimou.
4.话剧《我们的荆轲》，是北京人艺2011年的大剧场剧目，由莫言任编剧、任鸣任导演。
The play Our Jing Ke is the Grand Theater play of Beijing People's art in 2011， written by Mo Yan and directed by Ren Ming.
5.电影《太阳有耳》（1995年）改编自小说《白棉花》，由严浩执导。
The film The Sun Has Ears (1995) is adapted from the novel Cotton Fleece， directed by Yan Hao.
山东省，简称“鲁”，位于中国东部沿海，分别与河南、河北、安徽、江苏四省接壤，省会为济南市。全省陆域面积为15.58万平方千米。主要城市有济南市、青岛市、烟台市、菏泽市、济宁市、日照市等。
Shandong Province， referred to as“ Lu” for short， is located on the eastern coast of China， bordering Henan， Hebei， Anhui and Jiangsu provinces respectively. The provincial capital is Jinan. The land area of the whole province is 155，800 square kilometers. The main cities are Jinan， Qingdao， Yantai， Heze， Jining， Rizhao， etc.
山东省位于黄河下游，地处温带季风性气候区，降水集中，光照充足，境内中部多山峦，“五岳”之首泰山屹立于中部，西北部、西南部地形平坦，易形成湖泊。
Shandong Province is located in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. It lies in the temperate monsoon climate area with concentrated precipitation and plentiful sunlight. There are many mountains in the middle of the territory. Mount Tai， the first of the “ Five Sacred Mountains”， stands in the middle. The terrain in the northwest and southwest is flat and easy to form lakes.
山东省历史悠久，古有齐古都临淄，今有革命圣地台儿庄，山东共有6处国家5A级风景区、10座历史文化名城，山东民风淳朴，“好客山东欢迎您”一度作为山东省的广告语。主要景点有青岛市的栈桥、崂山、八大关，济南市的趵突泉、千佛山，烟台市的蓬莱阁，“五岳”之一的泰山等。
Shandong Province has a long history. In ancient times， there was Linzi， the ancient capital of Qi， and now there is Tai' erzhuang， the holy land of revolution. Shandong has 6 national 5A scenic spots，10 famous historical and cultural cities， simple folk customs.“Hospitable Shandong welcomes you” was once used as the slogan of Shandong Province. The main scenic spots include Zhanqiao， Laoshan and Badaguan in Qingdao， Baotu Spring and Qianfo Mountain in Jinan， Penglai Pavilion in Yantai， and Mount Tai， one of the “ Five Sacred Mountains”.
孔子，名丘，字仲尼，是中国古代著名的思想家、教育家、政治家，儒家学派创始人，被世人尊称为“孔圣人”，由其弟子编撰他的言语而成的《论语》闻名于世，以孔子为代表的儒家思想是中国文化的根基，对全世界都产生了深远的影响。山东省的曲阜市是孔子的故乡。
Confucius， named Qiu and surnamed Zhongni， was a famous thinker， educator，politician and founder of Confucianism in ancient China. He's respected as“ Confucius the sage” by the world. The Analects of Confucius compiled by his disciples is famous all over the world. Confucianism represented by Confucius is the foundation of Chinese culture and has a far-reaching impact on the whole world. Qufu City in Shandong Province is the hometown of Confucius.
鲁班，春秋时期鲁国人，是中国土木工匠的始祖，他的发明创造对中国的农业、建筑业都有影响。鲁班的发明创造有锯子、曲尺、伞、石磨等。中国建筑业联合会以鲁班为名设立了“建筑工程鲁班奖”，是中国建筑工程质量方面的最高荣誉。位于大雁塔旁的陕西省历史博物馆，以及位于西安市长安区的陕西师范大学新校区图书馆，都曾获得鲁班奖的表彰。
Lu Ban， a native of the state of Lu in the Spring and Autumn period， was the ancestor of Chinese civil craftsmen. His inventions and creations had an impact on China's agriculture and construction industry. Lu Ban's inventions include the saw， ruler， umbrella， stone mill，etc. The China Construction Industry Federation has set up the “Construction Engineering Lu Ban Award ” in the name of Lu Ban， which is the highest honor award of the China construction industry. The Shaanxi Provincial History Museum， which is next to the Wild Goose Pagoda and the library of the new campus of Shaanxi Normal University in Chang'an District of Xi'an， have both won the Lu Ban Award.
泰山，素有“天下第一山”之称，国家5A级旅游景区，有着“盘古开天地”的美丽传说。泰山是古代皇帝祭祀神灵、封禅之宝地，主要景点有阴阳界、桃花峪、玉皇顶、傲徕峰等。
Mount Tai， known as“ the first mountain in the world ”， is a national 5A tourist attraction with a beautiful legend of “Pangu opens the world”. Mount Tai is a treasure place for ancient emperors to offer sacrifices to gods and worship deities. The main scenic spots include Yin and Yang Circles， Peach Blossom Valley， Jade Emperor Peak， Mount Aolai， etc.
胶州秧歌又称地秧歌、跑秧歌，是山东省的传统民俗舞蹈之一，是山东省三大秧歌之一。该舞种起源于清朝，至今已经有两百多年历史。胶州秧歌于2006年成功入选国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
Jiaozhou Yangko， also known as local Yangko and running Yangko， is one of the traditional folk dances in Shandong Province and one of the three major Yangko in Shandong Province. This dance originated in the Qing Dynasty and has a history of more than 200 years.Jiaozhou Yangko was successfully enrolled into the national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006.
山东胶州地区捕捞的节日，至今已有三百余年历史，通常是渔民为了祈福风调雨顺，祭拜东海龙王而举行的庆祝活动。近年来，每到渔民节，大量的游客前来观赏，热闹非凡，当地也推出了多种旅游项目，如贝壳节、渔家乐等。
The fishing festival in Jiaozhou， Shandong Province， has a history of more than 300 years. It is usually a celebration held by fishermen to pray for good weather and worship the Dragon King of the East Sea. In recent years， a large number of tourists have come to watch fishermen's day， which is very lively. A variety of local tourism projects have been launched，such as the shell festival， fisherman's fun， etc.
1.《红高粱》中最吸引你的中国民俗是什么？
What is the most attractive Chinese folk custom in Red Sorghum for you?
2.你所在的国家有没有人得过诺贝尔文学奖？他们是谁？有哪些成就？
Has anyone in your country won the Nobel Prize for literature? Who are they? What are their achievements?
观摩电影片段，学唱影片中的经典插曲《妹妹你大胆地往前走》。
Watch the movie clips and learn to sing the classic episode “ Sister， You Go Ahead Boldly”.
妹妹你大胆地往前走呀
往前走 莫回呀头
通天的大路 九千九百
九千九百九呀
妹妹你大胆地往前走呀
往前走 莫回呀头
从此后
你搭起那红绣楼呀
抛洒着红绣球呀
正打中我的头呀
与你喝一壶呀
红红的高粱酒呀
红红的高粱酒呀嘿
Sister， you go ahead boldly
Go ahead and don't turn back
The road leading to heaven is 9，900
9，990
Sister， you go ahead boldly
Go ahead and don't turn back
Since then
You put up the red embellished building
Throwing red Hydrangea
It's hitting me on the head
Drink a pot with you
Red sorghum wine
Red sorghum wine hey