下载掌阅APP，畅读海量书库
立即打开
视频教学网址： https://appfileoss-tw.100xuexi.com/Upload/100eshu/Medias/2025/08/12/1743502683.mp3
Section A (5 marks)
In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
1 Which appetizer is recommended?
A. Tomato soup.
B. Potato chips.
C. Garden salad.
D. Corn.
【答案】 A
【解析】 对话中，服务生向客人推荐开胃菜时说道“the soup of the day is our delicious tomato soup”，由此可知，今日推荐开胃菜为西红柿汤。因此选择A项。
【录音原文】
M: Hi, I’m George. I’ll be your waiter this evening. Are you ready to order or do you need a few more minutes?
W: I’m ready now. I’d like the roast chicken and a side order of corn.
M: And would you like an appetizer before your meal? The soup of the day is our delicious tomato soup.
W: I’ll pass on the soup, but I’d like a garden salad.
M: Can I get you anything to drink?
W: Yes, I’d like a glass of iced tea.
2 What does the man think of the rug recommended?
A. It’s poor in quality.
B. It looks too showy.
C. It costs too much.
D. It’s difficult to clean.
【答案】 C
【解析】 对话第一句中，女人问男人是不是不喜欢这个毯子，男人回答毯子很好，只是他们负担不起。因此选择C项。
【录音原文】
W: Don’t you like this rug?
M: Yes, it’s very nice, but I don’t think we can afford it.
W: No?
M: No, I don’t think so. Remember…our bank account is pretty low right now, and we still haven’t paid last month’s telephone bill.
W: Hmm, you’re right.
M: And we don’t really need a new rug right now, do we?
W: I suppose not.
3 What’s the man’s problem?
A. There is a hole in his kitchen roof.
B. His kitchen sink is leaking.
C. He can’t open his kitchen door.
D. He is feeling sick in the kitchen.
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据前面的对话可知，男人打电话的目的是想找人帮忙修理厨房水槽；女人进一步询问时，男人回答水槽里的水漏得厨房地板上到处都是。因此选择B项。
【录音原文】
W: Country Plumbing and Heating.
M: Hello. Could you tell me if you fix kitchen sinks?
W: Yes. What’s the problem?
M: Water is leaking all over my kitchen floor.
W: Well, we can send one of our plumbers at 4:00 this afternoon. Will someone be home then?
M: I’ll be there then. And my address is 74 College Street and my phone number is 396-2465. You can…
4 What does the man think of the episode?
A. Exciting.
B. Enjoyable.
C. Violent.
D. Boring.
【答案】 C
【解析】 对话最后一句中，男人说他个人认为这些电视情节有些暴力，因此选择C项。
【录音原文】
W: Did you see the new episode of “Pittsburgh Police” last night?
M: No, I didn’t.
W: You missed a really good one. Lieutenant Morgan captured three bank robbers in an empty warehouse. It’s a pity that you didn’t see it.
M: I have to admit I don’t really enjoy crime shows.
W: Oh, really? Why not?
M: Well, I personally feel they’re kind of violent.
5 What will the man most probably do next?
A. Walk straight ahead to the Ladies’ Wear Section.
B. Take the escalator up to the 4th floor.
C. Take a look at the gloves that have just come in.
D. Call his mom to ask for her opinion.
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据对话可知，女人告诉男人围巾在女装区，还需要坐电梯上一层到第四层。因此选择B项。
【录音原文】
M: Excuse me, I need to get a scarf for my mom.
W: Try Ladies’ Wear, sir. It’s…one floor up.
M: OK, and the scarves are…?
W: Er…when you get off the escalator at fourth floor, just walk straight ahead and you’ll see the scarves on the right. Oh, by the way, we’ve got some very nice gloves just in. Your mother might like those too.
M: I’ll go to get the scarf. Thanks.
Section B (10 marks)
In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the questions and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre. Conversation one
6 What is Kathy expected to do?
A. Cook for the show.
B. Clear up litter after the show.
C. Host the charity show.
D. Take part in the talent show.
7 Where will the charity show be held?
A. In a park.
B. In a church.
C. On a sports ground.
D. On a square.
8 What is Kathy’s mother good at?
A. Playing cards.
B. Telling jokes.
C. Playing the clarinet.
D. Dancing and juggling.
9 How long will the talent show take?
A. About 1 hour.
B. About 2 hours.
C. About 3 hours.
D. About 4 hours.
【答案与解析】
6 D 对话中，Ben询问Kathy能否在慈善会上帮忙，Kathy说她可以帮忙做饭或者打扫，但是Ben回答这些都已经有人选了，他希望她能参加“才艺表演（talent show）”。因此选择D项。
7 A 对话第四句中，Kathy主动提议自己可以帮忙打扫公园，暗示慈善会的举办地点就是在公园。因此选择A项。
8 C Ben在说服Kathy参加节目时，提到几位已经报名参加的人，其中包括Kathy的母亲，对话中说她母亲会在现场演奏竖笛，Kathy称赞她母亲的竖笛吹得好。因此选择C项。
9 B 由对话可知，才艺表演在下午三点开始，五点结束。因此选择B项。
【录音原文】
Ben: Kathy, we need some help for the charity show on Saturday. Do you think you can help?
Kathy: Sure, what do you want me to do? I can do some of the cooking if you need.
Ben: No, the cooking is taken care of.
Kathy: OK, what about the clearing up? I can pick up the litter off the floor. There’s going to be a lot of people around and the park will get pretty messy I think.
Ben: John and Lindsay have volunteered to do all of that.
Kathy: So what do you want my help for?
Ben: The talent contest.
Kathy: I’m sorry?
Ben: Yeah, you know, the talent contest we’re doing. The problem is—we don’t think many people will volunteer to take part unless there’s some people already signed up, so I want you to put your name down now to do something.
Kathy: But I can’t do anything!
Ben: Sure you can!
Kathy: No, seriously. Ben, I’m the last person you want for a talent show. I don’t have any.
Ben: You don’t have any what?
Kathy: Talent!
Ben: Look, I asked Graham and he said he would tell a few jokes to begin the show.
Kathy: Have you heard any of Graham’s jokes? He can’t tell jokes, Ben! Who else do you have?
Ben: Your mother agreed to play a piece of music on the clarinet. Something from a film.
Kathy: Oh, that’ll be nice. She can play well.
Ben: Alright! So now we need you to do something. What can you do really well?
Kathy: I can cook!
Ben: I don’t think people are going to want to watch you cook, Kathy!
Kathy: I can do some card tricks. That could be a nice idea.
Ben: Do they always work?
Kathy: I can practice! They usually work!
Ben: Hmm! Is there anything else you can do?
Kathy: Well, I can’t dance and I can’t juggle…
Ben: What about singing? Can you sing?
Kathy: My voice isn’t too terrible! I can sing the national anthem quite well.
Ben: Hey, that’s great. It’ll only take a couple of minutes and with three volunteers already. I think other people will be less shy to sign up.
Kathy: What time does the talent show start?
Ben: Around 3 in the afternoon.
Kathy: Oh no! I’m on Susan’s cookery stall until 4!
Ben: Can you escape for just 5 minutes?
Kathy: Not really, but if you want, I can sing my song at the end of the show instead of the beginning.
Ben: Yeah, that sounds perfect. We’ll finish up at about 5 pm.
Kathy: OK, agreed. Put me down as the last one in the talent show.
Ben: Thanks a lot, Kathy. I really appreciate it.
Kathy: Sure, no problem!
Conversation two
10 What did Diana feel upon marrying into the Royal Family?
A. She felt lucky and proud of herself.
B. She felt she wasn’t prepared for it.
C. She felt worried not knowing what was lying ahead.
D. She was looking forward to becoming Queen someday.
11 What was most daunting to Diana after her marriage?
A. The media’s constant attention to her.
B. The rigid rules of the Royal Family.
C. Her various responsibilities as Princess.
D. Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ’s indifference to her.
12 How did Diana feel about her daily front-page appearance in newspapers?
A. She felt supported by the public.
B. She felt she didn’t deserve it.
C. She felt somewhat isolated.
D. She felt she was being made use of.
13 How did Diana handle the transition from an ordinary girl to the most talked-about woman in the world?
A. She often turned to her husband for advice and help.
B. She listened to opinions of the Royal Family members.
C. She read a lot about the history of the Royal Family.
D. She saw herself as a product on a shelf that sold well.
14 What did Diana mean by saying “I swam”?
A. She decided to learn new things to divert her attention.
B. She decided to face the media whenever necessary.
C. She tried to avoid public attention as much as possible.
D. She tried hard to adjust herself to the new situation.
15 What happened to Diana after her six-week visit with her husband to Australia and New Zealand?
A. She began to see things differently.
B. She became interested in charity.
C. She dared to face up to any challenge.
D. She realized the meaning of life.
【答案与解析】
10 C 戴安娜在回答嫁入皇室家庭之后的感受时，说到“although I was daunted at the prospect at the time, I felt I had the support of my husband-to-be”，由此可知，她对未来会发生的事情还是有些担忧的。因此选择C项。
11 A 在回答婚后最担心的事情时，戴安娜说到“The most daunting aspect was the media attention”，由此可知，媒体的关注最让她担忧。因此选择A项。
12 C 在谈到daunting aspect时，戴安娜说到“I seemed to be on the front of a newspaper every single day, which is an isolating experience”，由此可知，她觉得每天出现在报纸头条是一件令人感到被孤立的经历。因此选择C项。
13 D 当谈到成为世界上话题最多的女人时，戴安娜不解为何人们对她如此感兴趣，可能是因为自己的丈夫，随后她说到“during the years you see yourself as a good product that sits on a shelf and sells well and people make a lot of money out of you”，她将自己视为卖的很好的商品，人们通过她的名声赚钱。因此选择D项。
14 D 根据对话可知，她将自己面临的情况比作学习游泳，提到“You had to either sink or swim（要么下沉，要么游泳）”。由此可知，戴安娜面临的状况是无法改变的，她选择让自己“游泳”来适应环境。因此选择D项。
15 A 戴安娜在结束六周的访问后，说到“I was a different person. I realized the sense of duty, the level of intensity of interest, and the demanding role I now found myself in”，由此可知，她意识到了责任的存在，意识到自己角色的重要性。因此选择A项。
【录音原文】
Journalist: Your Royal Highness, how prepared were you for the pressures that came with marrying into the Royal Family?
Diana: At the age of 19, you always think you’re prepared for everything, and you think you have the knowledge of what’s coming ahead. But although I was daunted at the prospect at the time, I felt I had the support of my husband-to-be.
Journalist: What were the expectations that you had for married life?
Diana: I think like any marriage, especially when you’ve had divorced parents like myself, you’d want to try even harder to make it work and you don’t want to fall back into a pattern that you’ve seen happen in your own family. I desperately wanted it to work. I desperately loved my husband and I wanted to share everything together, and I thought that we were a very good team.
Journalist: How aware were you of the significance of what had happened to you? After all, you’d become Princess of Wales, ultimately with a view to becoming Queen.
Diana: I wasn’t daunted, and am not daunted by the responsibilities that that role creates. It was a challenge. It is a challenge. As for becoming Queen, it’s, it was never at the forefront of my mind when I married my husband: it was a long way off that thought. The most daunting aspect was the media attention, because my husband and I, we were told when we got engaged that the media would go quietly, and it didn’t, and then when we were married they said it would go quietly and it didn’t, and then it started to focus very much on me, and I seemed to be on the front of a newspaper every single day, which is an isolating experience, and the higher the media put you, place you, the bigger is the drop. And I was very aware of that.
Journalist: How did you handle the transition from being Lady Diana Spencer to the most photographed, the most talked-about woman in the world?
Diana: Well, it took a long time to understand why people were so interested in me, but I assumed it was because my husband had done a lot of wonderful work leading up to our marriage and our relationship. But then I, during the years you see yourself as a good product that sits on a shelf and sells well and people make a lot of money out of you.
Journalist: It’s been suggested in some newspapers that you were left largely to cope with your new status on your own. Do you feel that was your experience?
Diana: Yes, I do, on reflection. But then here was a situation which hadn’t ever happened before in history, in the sense that the media were everywhere, and here was a fairy story that everybody wanted to work. And so it was, it was isolating, but it was also a situation where you couldn’t indulge in feeling sorry for yourself: you had to either sink or swim. And you had to learn that very fast.
Journalist: And what did you do?
Diana: I swam. We went to Alice Springs, to Australia, and we went and did a walkabout, and I said to my husband: ‘what do I do now?’ And he said, ‘Go over to the other side and speak to them.’ I said, ‘I can’t, I just can’t.’ He said, ‘Well, you’ve got to do it.’ And he went off and did his bit, and I went off and did my bit. It practically finished me off there and then, and I suddenly realized—I went back to our hotel room and realized the impact that, you know, I had to sort myself out. We had a six-week tour—four weeks in Australia and two weeks in New Zealand—and by the end, when we flew back from New Zealand, I was a different person. I realized the sense of duty, the level of intensity of interest, and the demanding role I now found myself in.
Section C (5 marks)
In this section, you will hear five short news items. Each item will be read only once. After each item, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
16 Why did Mourinho leave Chelsea club?
A. He had disagreements with the club.
B. He behaved badly in a recent match.
C. He didn’t win the league title.
D. He wasn’t satisfied with the salary.
【答案】 A
【解析】 新闻中谈到穆里尼奥被切尔西俱乐部解雇的原因时，提到“due to the discord that existed between him and the players”，由此可知，他被解雇是因为与俱乐部球员之间的不合。因此选择A项。
【录音原文】 A Chelsea football club official says the team’s manager José Mourinho was sacked due to the discord that existed between him and the players. Mourinho’s abrupt departure months after winning the league title and signing a new four-year contract follows a string of poor results. In a statement, Chelsea said Mourinho was leaving by mutual consent after agreeing that recent results haven’t been good enough.
17 What is Greece’s attitude toward plans for new European border force?
A. Enthusiastic.
B. Cautious.
C. Hostile.
D. Wait-and-see.
【答案】 B
【解析】 新闻第一句中就说到“Greece has given a cautious welcome to plans for new European border force（希腊对新的欧洲边境部队计划表示谨慎的欢迎）”。因此选择B项。
【录音原文】 Greece has given a cautious welcome to plans for new European border force. The Greek minister for migration says the proposed border and coastguard would help Greece to defend its borders. But he told BBC all solution to the migration crisis should respect people’s dignity and human rights. The European Commission wants to give the new force nearly 3 times the budget of its predecessor.
18 What is the main idea of the news?
A. Volkswagen recalled all its vehicles overseas with defective engines.
B. Volkswagen was fined $20 million by South Korea.
C. Volkswagen suffered no losses in its market overseas.
D. Volkswagen was ordered to recall vehicles with emission problems.
【答案】 D
【解析】 新闻中谈到韩国政府在测试大众汽车时发现，大众在其引擎排放物报告结果中造假，排放物结果不合格，勒令大众召回车辆。因此选择D项。
【录音原文】 The government of South Korea has ordered the German car manufacturer Volkswagen to recall more than 125,000 diesel vehicles. Environment ministry said its testing had confirmed that the company manipulated emissions results from the cars’ engines. The South Korean government also fined Volkswagen more than $12 million.
19 What was the reaction of New York authorities towards the security threat?
A. They closed down the city’s school system.
B. They didn’t think the information believable.
C. They immediately called people’s attention to it.
D. They placed several suspects under control.
【答案】 B
【解析】 新闻中谈到在收到威胁信息时，纽约当局认为这是不可信的。因此选择B项。
【录音原文】 The authorities in Los Angeles have defended their decision to close all public schools for the day because of a suspected security threat. A similar threat was received in New York where the authorities said it was not credible. The city’s police chief called the Los Angeles’ closure a significant overreaction. Peter Bowes reports: “Officials say they decided to close down the entire public school system out of what they called an abundance of caution after they’ve received a threat in an email. The authority said they would search every school in the district to make sure they were safe for pupils to return.”
20 What do we learn from the news?
A. A tap dance performed by the songbird can’t be observed.
B. Few researchers have conducted studies of the songbird.
C. Both male and female songbirds can perform a tap dance.
D. A songbird’s mate is always wooed by the sight and sound.
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据新闻内容可知，鸣鸟在求爱中跳的踢踏舞速度太快，肉眼看不到，但是通过技术处理，仍可观察。新闻后面提到，雄鸟和雌鸟都会跳。因此选择C项。
【录音原文】 Scientists have discovered the species of songbird performs a tap dance so fast that it can’t be seen by the naked eye. Researchers from Japan and Germany slow down footages of the blue capped songbirds during courtship. Here’s our science reporter Jonathan Web. “Now, they’ve discovered that tap dance is in the courtship repertoire of both male and female songbirds. The next step for the researchers is to try and pick whether the birds mate is wooed by the sight, the sound or the vibrations of this fancy foot work.”
Section D (10 marks)
In this section, you will hear a short passage. For questions 21-30, complete the notes using no more than three words for each blank. The passage will be read only once. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
The Pitman Shorthand System
●Distance learning was called (21) _____ courses more than 150 years ago.
●Pitman began teaching the courses of (22) _____ by mail with the development of a reliable postal system in 1840.
●This idea was introduced to the U.S. and adapted to (23) _____ languages.
The Open University
●It was established in (24) _____ and offered courses through mail.
●Each student had a (25) _____ to help them with the course work.
●It develops fast and offers the courses using the Internet, (26) _____, satellite broadcast and email.
●It is now Britain’s largest (27) _____, with more than 200,000 people studying its courses every year.
John Hendricks and the Discovery Channel
●Discovery Channel is the first cable TV channel exclusively devoted to (28) _____ and nature programmers in June 1985.
●The company’s programmes now reach over 150 million subscribers in more than (29) _____ countries. And the Discovery Channel’s (30) _____, educational approach proves that TV is not just about mindless entertainment.
【答案与解析】
21 correspondence
(录音中谈到远程学习时，说很多人认为这是个相对较新颖的概念，与一百五十多年前某英国教育家的想法一样。由“Sir Isaac Pitman, had the same idea—only then it was called correspondence course—more than 150 years ago”可知，那时候被称为函授课程。因此填correspondence，表示“函授；通信”。)
22 shorthand
(根据录音中的“…Pitman began teaching shorthand by mail…”可知，利用1840年当时邮政系统的发展，Pitman开始给许多学生通过邮件教授速记，因此填shorthand，表示“速记”。)
23 fifteen other
(根据录音中的“the Pitman shorthand system…has been adapted to fifteen other languages”可知，随后该方式被引进到美国，适用于另外十五种语言，因此填fifteen other。)
24 1969
(根据录音中的“When it was established in 1969, the Open University offered courses via mail”可知，该大学成立于1969年。因此填1969。)
25 tutor
(根据录音中的“Each student was assigned a tutor who discussed the course work over the phone…”可知，每个学生都会配有一位老师。因此填tutor。)
26 video-conferencing
(根据录音可知，函授大学的教授方式有四种，包括网络(Internet)、视频会议(video-conferencing)、卫星广播(satellite broadcast)和电子邮件(e-mail)。因此填video-conferencing。)
27 single teaching institution
(根据录音中的“It is now Britain’s largest single teaching institution”可知，此处填single teaching institution。)
28 documentaries
(根据录音中的“the first cable TV channel exclusively devoted to documentaries and nature programmers”可知，发现频道是唯一一个致力于纪录片和自然的节目。因此填documentaries。)
29 a hundred
(根据录音中的“Today, the company’s programmes reach over 150 million subscribers in more than a hundred countries”可知，此处填a hundred。)
30 high-quality
(根据录音中的“the Discovery Channel’s high quality, educational approach continues to defy those who believe that TV is only about mindless entertainment”可知，发现频道的高质量节目向人们证明电视节目不仅仅只是无意义的娱乐。因此填high-quality。)
【录音原文】
Knowledge, according to the proverb, is power. And in this electronic age, more and more of our information is gained not in the classroom, but via media such as the Internet, DVD and cable TV…all of which are playing a key part in the distance learning revolution. Here are three figures in this key educational exchange which is transforming our lives in the 21st century.
The Pitman Shorthand System
Those who think that distance learning is a relatively new idea might be surprised to learn that English educator, Sir Isaac Pitman, had the same idea—only then it was called correspondence course—more than 150 years ago. Taking advantage of the development of a reliable postal system in 1840, Pitman began teaching shorthand by mail to thousands of students who did not have time to attend school. “Lessons” consisted of copying short passages of the Bible in shorthand, and posting them to Mr. Pitman to be corrected. His brother, Benn Pitman, introduced the idea to the United States, and the Pitman shorthand system—which has been adapted to fifteen other languages—is still one of the most widely used shorthand systems in the world.
The Open University
When it was established in 1969, the Open University offered courses via mail; with the back-up of regular TV and radio programmes shown outside normal broadcast times. Each student was assigned a tutor who discussed the course work over the phone, and in group sessions in the evenings or at weekends.
Thirty years on, the Open University has expanded to include the Internet, video-conferencing, satellite broadcast and email. There are no entry qualifications or admission interviews, and anyone over the age of eighteen can follow one of their courses. It is now Britain’s largest single teaching institution, with more than 200,000 people studying its courses every year, with another 16,000 in other countries around the world.
John Hendricks and the Discovery Channel
After a successful career in university education, John S. Hendricks entered the TV business and launched the Discovery Channel—the first cable TV channel exclusively devoted to documentaries and nature programmers—in June 1985. Today, the company’s programmes reach over 150 million subscribers in more than a hundred countries. In an age when competition for TV audiences has never been tougher, the Discovery Channel’s high-quality, educational approach continues to defy those who believe that TV is only about mindless entertainment. The BBC programme Walking with Dinosaurs became the most-watched documentary in TV history when it was shown on the Discovery Channel in 2000.
There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
Section A Vocabulary & Grammar (10 marks)
31 _____ both sides accept the arrangement _____ a lasting peace be established in the region.
A. Only if ... will
B. If only ... would
C. Should ... will
D. Unless ... would
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意：只有在双方都接受安排的情况下，这个地区才能建立起持久的和平状态。考查倒装句和条件从句。only if…will表示“只有……才”，符合句意，因此答案为A项。B项和C项是虚拟语气。if only…would如果……就。should…will如果……就会。unless…would除非……不然。
32 Had William received five more votes in the last election, he _____ our chairman now.
A. would have been
B. must have been
C. were
D. would be
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意：如果William在上一次选举中多得五个选票，那他现在就是我们的主席了。考查混合虚拟语气。本题为if引导的虚拟语气，由had可知从句是对过去事件的假设，而主语中强调的时间为“now”，所以填would be，表示对现在事实的假设。因此答案为D项。
33 We think it possible _____ the local government will be able to solve the housing problem.
A. for
B. that
C. when
D. how
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意：我们认为当地政府解决住房问题是有可能的。通过分析句子结构可知，填空处前后均为完整的句子，不缺任何成分。由此可以推断句中it做形式宾语，指代后面的句子“the local government will be able to solve the housing problem”。因此答案为B项。
34 The speaker attempted to explain it in such a way that it would be _____ to an outsider.
A. intelligible
B. invariable
C. plausible
D. permissible
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意：演讲者试图以一种能让外行理解的方式来解释它。intelligible可理解的，明了的。符合句意，因此答案为A项。invariable不变的。plausible似乎可信的，似是而非的。permissible获得准许的。
35 My reading in later life has supplied me with some possible explanations of his _____.
A. temperature
B. temperament
C. temptation
D. tempera
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意：我晚年时候的阅读让我对他的性情有了一些合理的解释。temperament性情，性格。符合句意，因此答案为B项。temperature温度。temptation诱惑物。tempera蛋彩画。
36 When he leaves the company next year he _____ for this company for thirty years.
A. will be working
B. will work
C. has worked
D. will have worked
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意：当他明年离开公司的时候，他已经在这家公司待满三十年。由“next year”可知本题叙述的事件发生在将来，联系句意可知应用将来完成时，强调动作已经完成。因此答案为D项。
37 Thirty-nine Steps is one of the most exciting films _____ directed by Alfred Hitchcock.
A. which was
B. that was
C. that were
D. which were
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意：《三十九级台阶》是由阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克执导的最令人激动的电影之一。本题考查定语从句。定语从句中有最高级the most，因此引导词只能用that，定语从句的先行词films为复数，故谓语应用were。因此答案为C。
38 The school board listened quietly as John read the demands that his followers _____ for.
A. are demonstrating
B. demonstrate
C. had been demonstrating
D. have demonstrated
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意：在John阅读他的追随者们示威的要求时，学校董事会静静地听着。由“listened”和“read”可知本题叙述的事件发生在过去，而demonstrate的动作发生在listened和read之前，故应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。因此答案为C项。
39 Bill: Have you moved into your new house yet, Michael?
Michael: We just moved in yesterday, actually.
Bill: So, what do you think about the place? Are you glad that you moved in?
Michael: It’s great! Unfortunately, we’re going to spend a fortune doing everything up.
Bill: _____
Michael: Oh, yes. Our windows let plenty of natural light in. They’ve also got wonderful views of the park behind our house.
A. Is your house well-lit?
B. Is it just off the ring road?
C. Do you have a big yard?
D. Does it have a rich history?
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据横线后一句，Michael回答说是的，他们家的窗户能让自然光照进，可推断空格处应为询问屋内光照情况的句子。因此答案为A项。
40 Mike: Do you know if there’s a convenience store around here?
Jessica: _____. The closest one is on the 3rd street, but it’s probably closed now.
Mike: I really need to get some things before I leave.
Jessica: Well, you could go down to the 22nd street. There are lots of stores down there that are open 24 hours a day.
Mike: Can I take the subway to get there?
Jessica: Yes, but that’ll probably take about half an hour. You should just take a cab.
A. It’s not that far.
B. I don’t think there’s one around here.
C. It’s right next to it, on the right.
D. No, from here I think it’s only about 5 dollars.
【答案】 B
【解析】 横线处是回答上一个问句附近是否有便利店。D项与之无关，排除；A项与C项中的it都指代不明。B项“我觉得这附近应该没有”与下一句“最近的一家在三号街”可以衔接。因此答案为B项。
Section B Cultures (5 marks)
41 The “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _____.
A. the Amazon River
B. the Mississippi River
C. the Nile River
D. the Hudson River
【答案】 B
【解析】 密西西比河有许多的绰号，“Father of Waters”（父河）就是其中之一，除此还有大河（Big River），Old Man River（老人河）以及月河（Moon River）等。密西西比河是美国最大的河流，是世界第四长河，长度仅次于非洲的尼罗河、南美洲的亚马逊河和中国的长江。the Amazon River亚马逊河；the Nile River尼罗河；the Hudson River哈德逊河。
42 Which of the following is Britain’s oldest daily newspaper?
【答案】 D
【解析】 《泰晤士报》（ The Times ）是英国的一张综合性全国发行的日报，是一张对全世界政治、经济、文化发挥着巨大影响的报纸。《泰晤士报》诞生于1785年元旦，是英国最古老的日报。 The Daily Telegraph 《每日电讯报》。 The Guardian 《卫报》。 The News of the World 《世界新闻报》。
43 The English Civil War, also called the Puritan Revolution, is generally regarded as the beginning of modern _____ history.
A. European
B. English
C. world
D. British
【答案】 C
【解析】 英国内战是世界近代史的开端，指的是1642年至1651年在英国议会派与保皇派之间发生的一系列武装冲突及政治斗争；英国辉格党称之为清教徒革命（Puritan Revolution），此事件对英国和整个欧洲都产生了巨大的影响。
44 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.
A. Prime Minister
B. Member of Parliament
C. Lord of Appeal
D. Speaker of the House
【答案】 A
【解析】 一般情况下国会下议院的多数党党魁或执政联盟的首领自动成为首相人选，人选经国王或女王任命后正式成为首相。故选A项。
45 The Catcher in the Rye is written by _____.
A. J.D. Salinger
B. Jack London
C. Flannery O’Connor
D. Saul Bellow
【答案】 A
【解析】 The Catcher in the Rye 即《麦田里的守望者》，是美国作家杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格唯一的一部长篇小说。故选A项。杰克·伦敦（Jack London）的代表作为《马丁·伊登》《野性的呼唤》《白牙》《热爱生命》等；弗兰纳里·奥康纳（Flannery O’Connor）的代表作为《智血》《好人难寻》等；索尔·贝娄（Saul Bellow）的代表作为《那真不行》《只争朝夕》。
Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letter(s) of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
Have you ever thought about it? Have you ever wondered, “What is the price I must pay to live a healthy life?” Most of us want to live a long, prosperous life, free of (46) _____ and physical disability, right? Well, what does it take to increase our chances of doing that?
Heredity plays a part in creating tendency, not destiny. So, we’ll admit the role it plays. Then we’ll work to (47) red_____ its negative effect and optimize its benefits.
Must money play a significant role in living a healthy life? No. Avoiding smoking or tobacco products is a top (48) _____ (prior) for someone who wants a long life. (49) Cig_____ cost money. So, if you don’t smoke it saves you money up front, and long term in reduced medical expenses and sick days.
Research shows that optimists live longer and happier than pessimists. A positive attitude doesn’t cost money. It is our free choice to be an optimist or a pessimist.
The diet we choose to eat strongly affects our likelihood of developing heart disease, the No.1 killer in America. A diet low in red meat and other saturated fats and high in complex carbohydrates is (50) _____ (expensive). This puts proper eating within the reach of everyone.
Ignorance might be the costliest part of trying to live a healthy life. What we don’t know can certainly hurt us. (51) H_____, is it expensive to learn about good health, diet and stress management? No. Libraries are free and open to everyone. And, most people now have access to the Internet, either directly, through friends or at the library.
Practicing proactive, preventive healthcare is a good idea. Getting annual physicals, including blood scans, chest X-ray, age-relating pap smears for women and PSA tests for men, can be expensive. If their health insurance policies don’t cover routine physicals, many people do nothing. Your health is your responsibility. Does your health insurance cover going to the movies, or out to dinner, or an (52) _____ (extend) weekend vacation? No. You pay for these yourself. Isn’t your health something worth paying for? Ask your doctor how (53) _____ you should have a physical exam. Ask what the cost will be for a thorough exam, including all tests appropriate for your age. Then, find the money and get the physical. Remember, “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.”
Relaxing regularly can help reduce blood pressure and stress levels. Stress and high blood pressure are risk factors for many disorders. Studies show that laughing regularly (54) prod_____ hormones that strengthen the immune system. And, a stronger immune system fights off disease better. If you had to drop an income producing activity to make time to relax in your life, laughing and relaxing could cost you money.
What is the price of a healthy life? Little of the price involves money. Most of the price relates to changes in attitude, (55) _____ (perceive) and our approach to life. After thinking about it, isn’t it worth for the chance to have a happier and healthier life?
【答案与解析】
46 mental
(通过分析句子结构可知，空格处所填内容应与身体的疾病（physical disability）构成并列关系，由此可推测应填入mental，表示“精神上的”。mental and physical可用来表示“身心”。)
47 reduce
(此处应填入一个动词，与negative effect搭配，联系“optimize its benefits（优点最大化）”可知此处应填reduce。)
48 priority
(根据上下文可知，此处应填入一个名词。本句表示：戒烟或任何烟草产品是获得长寿的首选。此处应填priority，表示“优先权，优先地位”。)
49 Cigarettes
(上文提到戒烟是首选，根据提示，此处应填入香烟，表示：香烟是要花钱的。注意主语应为复数表示整体。此处填Cigarettes。)
50 inexpensive
(横线处下一句说，这样的饮食在每个人的承受范围内，由此可知，少肉多碳水化合物的饮食是不贵的，每个人都能承受。此处填inexpensive。)
51 However
(根据上文可知，无知才是代价最高、最伤人的。随之又提到，学习健康管理很贵吗？两者之间是转折关系。根据提示，此处填入However。)
52 extended
(此处应填入一个形容词修饰weekend vacation，根据提示词extend可知，此处应填它的形容词形式表示“延长的”。此处填extended。)
53 often
(根据句子意思，此处应表达：咨询你的医生你需要多久做一次身体检查。how often表示频率。因此填入often。)
54 produces
(此处应填入动词来搭配hormones，根据句意可知，经常大笑能产生荷尔蒙，增强免疫系统。动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。此处填入produces。)
55 perception
(此处应填入的名词与attitude和approach并列，根据提示词可知，此处填入perception，表示“认知，感觉”。)
There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions using information from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
Section A (5 marks)
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Shopping malls are symbols of suburban life in the United States. The idea for this most American of architectural landmarks, however, came from a European immigrant, Victor Gruen.
Victor Gruen grew up in Vienna, Austria, studying architecture at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts, the same school that had previously turned down a fledging artist named Adolf Hitler. At night, Gruen performed theatre in smoke -filled cafes around the city. When Hitler’s Nazis invaded Austria in 1938, Gruen decided to emigrate. One of his theatre friends—posing as an officer in a Nazi uniform—drove Gruen and his wife to the airport. They took the first plane they could catch to Zurich, Switzerland, made their way to England, and then obtained passage on a ship bound for New York. They landed in the United States, as Gruen later remembered, “with an architect’s degree, eight dollars, and no English.”
One day, Gruen went for a walk in midtown Manhattan and ran into an old friend from Vienna who wanted to open a leather-goods boutique on Fifth Avenue. Gruen agreed to design it, and the result was a revolutionary storefront, with a kind of mini-arcade in the entranceway: six exquisite glass cases, spotlights, and faux marble, with green corrugated glass on the ceiling. It was a “customer trap”. This was a brand-new idea in American retail design, particularly on Fifth Avenue, where all the storefronts were facing the street. The critics raved.
Gruen designed Ciro’s on Fifth Avenue, Steckler’s on Broadway, Paris Decorators on the Bronx Concourse, and eleven branches of the California clothing chain Grayson’s. In the early 1950s, he designed an outdoor shopping centre called Northland, outside Detroit, Michigan. It covered one hundred and sixty -three acres and had nearly ten thousand parking spaces. This was little more than a decade and a half since he had stepped off the boat. When Gruen watched the bulldozers break ground, he turned to his partner and said. “We’ve got a lot of nerve.”
Gruen’s most famous creation was his next project, in the town of Edina, just outside Minneapolis, Minnesota. It was called Southdale Mall. Until then, most shopping centres had been what architects like to call “extroverted,” meaning that store windows and entrances faced both the parking area and the interior pedestrian walkways. Southdale was “introverted”—the exterior walls were blank, and all the activity was focused on the inside. Suburban shopping centres had always been in the open, with stores connected by outdoor passageways. Gruen had the radical ideas of putting the whole complex under one roof, with air-conditioning in the summer and heating in the winter.
Work on Southdale began in 1954. It cost twenty million dollars and took two years to construct. It had seventy-two stores and two anchor department stores, Donaldson’s on one end and Dayton’s on the other.
Almost every other major shopping centre was on a single level, which made for long walks. Gruen’s approach was to put stores on two levels, connected by escalators and fed by two tiered parking. In the middle, he put a kind of town square: a “garden court” under skylight, with a fishpond, enormous sculpted trees, a twenty-one-foot cage filled with brightly colored birds, balconies with hanging plants, and a cafe.
The result was a sensation. Journalists from all of the country’s top publications came for Southdale’s opening. “The Splashiest Centre in the U.S.,” wrote one magazine. “A pleasure dome with parking,” cheered another. One journalist announced that overnight Southdale had become an integral “part of the American Way.” It simulated a magnetic urban downtown area in the middle of suburbia: the variety, the individuality, the lights, the color, and the crowds. This downtown essence was enhanced by all kinds of things that ought to be there if downtown areas weren’t so noisy and dirty and chaotic, such as sidewalk cafes, art, islands of planting, and pretty paving. Other shopping centres, however pleasant, seemed provincial in contrast with the real thing, the city’s downtown. In Minneapolis, however, it was the downtown that appeared small and provincial in contrast to Southdale’s metropolitan characters.
One person who wasn’t dazzled by Gruen’s concept was the famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright. “What is this, a railroad station or a bus station?” he asked, when he came for a tour of Southdale. “You’ve got a garden court that has all the evils of the village street and none of its charm.” No one listened to Frank Lloyd Wright. When it came to malls, it was only Victor Gruen’s vision that mattered.
Questions 56 to 60
Mark each statement as either true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.
56 Victor Gruen studied architecture in the same school as Adolf Hitler did.
57 Gruen was known for designing storefronts that functioned like “customer traps”.
58 Southdale was the first regional shopping centre in the United States.
59 When it opened, Southdale was widely praised by many publications and the public.
60 The well-known architect Frank Lloyd Wright considered Southdale to be a charming model for the future.
【答案与解析】
56 F 原文第二段第一句中提到Victor学建筑的地方。由该句中的“the same school that had previously turned down a fledging artist named Adolf Hitler”可知，这所学校拒绝了Adolf Hitler，因此两人并没有在同一所学校读书。本题表述与文章意思不符，因此错误。
57 T 原文第三段中提到storefront。由该段中的“the result was a revolutionary storefront…It was a “customer trap”. This was a brand-new idea in American retail design”可知，Victor设计的店面就像是给顾客的陷阱，这样的设计在美国零售业是个全新的理念。题干描述与文章意思一致，因此正确。
58 F 原文第五段中首次提到Southdale。由该段的内容可知，Southdale并不是美国第一个地区购物中心。本题表述与文章意思不符，因此错误。
59 T 根据文章倒数第二段可知，Southdale的开张受到了媒体的广大赞赏。题干描述与文章意思一致，因此正确。
60 F 原文最后一段中提到Frank Lloyd Wright。由该段中的“You’ve got a garden court that has all the evils of the village street and none of its charm”可知，Frank Lloyd Wright并不看好Victor的设计。本题表述与文章意思不符，因此错误。
Section B (10 marks)
Read the following passage. Choose from the sentences A -G the one which best fits each gap of 61-65. There are two extra sentences which you do not need to use.
For many of us, our days are spent glued to our computers by day, our smartphones by night.
(61) _____________________________But, our reliance on technology is also harming our sight, experts have warned. So widespread is the problem, that 65 percent of Americans now suffer “digital eye strain”, they said. Symptoms include dry, irritated eyes, blurred vision, eye fatigue, headaches and neck and back pain, according to a report from The Vision Council. Furthermore, 90 percent of patients fail to talk to their opticians about the extent of their digital use.
(62) _____________________________The report reveals that digital eye strain encompasses the physical discomfort felt after two or more hours in front of a digital screen. It is commonly associated with close to mid-range distance of digital screens, including desktop and laptop computers, smartphones, tablets and e-readers.
(63) _____________________________Eight out of every 10 people suffering the affliction use two or more devices simultaneously, the report found. Furthermore, 96 percent of people with digital eye strain spend at least two hours a day on their devices.
(64) _____________________________Prolonged periods of technology use may exacerbate symptoms of the eye strain. The proximity of the screen, the frequency and duration of use and the degree of exposure to high-energy visible or blue light emitted by video screens were also determined to play a role.
Mike Daley, CEO of The Vision Council, a trade organization for the optical industry, said: “When using technology, many people think suffering with digital eye strain is unavoidable, but it doesn’t have to be. The optical industry has responded to the shift in digital habits and has developed lens technology to protect eyes from blue light, glare and other environmental stressors.”
(65) _____________________________They are constructed specifically for the mid-distance range at which users typically view a digital screen. These glasses can be purchased without a prescription. They are customized to reduce blurriness and pixilation, decrease brightness, block blue light and minimize glare while working in front of one or more screens. The group wants doctors to start talking to their patients about whether they should get these computer glasses.
Additionally, the report encourages doctors to educate patients about the impact of their daily electronic use. Through education and the monitoring of digital eye strain symptoms, eye care providers may be able to better reduce symptoms in the future.
Questions 61 to 65
A. The report determined that a combination of factors fosters the onset of digital eye strain.
B. Providers should educate patients about ways to prevent the problem and inform them about eyewear options to limit the impact of devices.
C. The Digital Eye Strain Report 2015 analyzed data from a Vision Watch survey of more than 10,000 adults.
D. Two-thirds of adults suffer digital eye strain: staring at devices “for more than 2 hours a day triggers headaches and back pain”.
E. These lens are commonly referred to as computer glasses.
F. Glare and reflections produced by a computer screen are also undesirable for our vision.
G. Increasingly sedentary lifestyles are wreaking havoc on our health, promoting obesity, and increasing the risk of heart disease, cancer and other chronic diseases.
【答案与解析】
61 G 横线后面由but引出eye strain这个话题，可知横线处的内容与eye strain无关。因此，“久坐不动的生活方式影响健康，增加肥胖、心脏病等疾病的风险”与“但是有研究表明也会造成眼疲劳”可以衔接。因此选G项。
62 B 横线前一段最后一句提到，90%的患者无法向配镜师说明自己使用数码产品的程度。因此，配镜师应向患者说明防止眼疲劳产生的方法。B项填在此处上下文连贯通顺。因此选B项。
63 C 横线后面是报告结果。因此横线处可填入该报告的介绍。因此选C项。
64 A 横线后面是一系列导致眼疲劳的原因。横线处可填入一个总结句。总领下文。因此选A项。
65 E 横线后面是对computer glasses作用的介绍。横线前是对lens technology的引入。横线处填入两者的过渡句。因此选E项。
Section C (10 marks)
Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.
As most area residents know, a collection of 30 brightly painted, oversized fiberglass statues of Nipper, the canine symbol of the Victor Talking Machine Co., has been on display throughout Moorestown since June. Officially titled “Nipper 2005”，the ongoing installation has been well received. But is it art?
Ever since Chicago unveiled the 360 bovine sculptures that made up “Cows on Parade” in 1999, many American cities have displayed their own exhibits of brightly painted animals. Underscoring their playful nature, the projects often bear painfully clever names—hence, Cincinnati’s “Big pig Gig” (425 swine), Buffalo’s “Herd About Buffalo” (150 bison). This summer, “Crabtown Project” (nearly 200 crabs) descended on Baltimore. Right now, Zion, Illinois, is hosting “Swarm and the City” (81 bees). For many in the fine arts community, this is a case of kitsch gone wild.
“It’s the scourge of Western civilization,” said Tom Eccles, former director of the Public Art Fund, a nonprofit New York group, who says that he can’t find a rational reason for the success of these projects. Arts, he argues, is more than putting paint on cute fiberglass animals. Inquires art critic Edward Sozanski commented, “For reasons I can’t begin to fathom, the animals appear to be an unusually effective fundraising gimmick.” The problem, he believes, is that they encourage low standards for artists and for funding public art. He and others in the art world are bothered by seeing people respond so well to something unoriginal and temporary, especially in cities that produce so much top-quality art.
Yet the fiberglass phenomenon remains wildly popular. Superficially, at least, the reasons are obvious. Most ordinary folks, children especially, find the sculptures just plain fun. They’re relatively cheap, so corporate patrons can easily sponsor local artists to decorate them. Because they are usually displayed for only a few months, they aren’t around long enough to become eyesores. And when their time is up, they’re auctioned off for charity, civic institutions, or other worthy causes. Moorestown’s Nipper sculptures are due to be sold off on Sunday to benefit several community groups. But the big reason animal art has exploded is that it draws people and money to downtown commercial districts, supplying many stores with a badly needed economic jolt. “Cow Parade” yielded $200 million and two million tourists for Chicago, according to some estimates.
The roughly one million visitors who came to Cincinnati to inspect its “Big Pig Gig” generated more than $124 million in merchant sales.
Mike Hurley, the owner of Fiberglass Farm, a casting company in Belfast, Maine, pointed out that these projects bring together artists, communities, families, and businesses around a mutual interest, which has resulted in success for the displays. Of course, “success” can be evaluated according to many different criteria. The cultural critics deride animal art in part because the statues often have little to do with their communities. The topic of the “Ewe Revue” (43 sheep) in Rochester, Mich., was difficult for most people to connect to the local area. Organizers were inspired by the city’s former Western Knitting Mill, which was once among the world’s leading wool suppliers. The Moorestown Nippers have a rather stronger connection to their site. The founder of the Victor Co. and the owner of the American rights to “His Master’s Voice,” the painting that immortalized Nipper, was Eldridge Johnson, who settled in Moorestown after establishing his company in nearby Camden.
Redundancy is another issue. At least 20 cities have had cow parades. Both Kankakee County, Ш, and Raleigh, N.C., have sported wolves. After the success of Cincinnati’s pig gig, Peoria, Ш, and Seattle, Wa., responded with porcine projects of their own. “These plastic animals are supposed to generate civic or regional identity,” said Erika Doss, author of Spirit Poles and Flying Pigs: Public Art and Cultural Democracy in American Communities (Smithsonian Institution Press, 1995). But Doss believes the displays fail to accomplish that goal because they are so similar to each other. Doss, who teaches art history at the University of Colorado at Boulder, also interprets the rise in animal art as resulting from the death of individual artistic expression. “I think it’s boring, this lack of risk-taking. Let’s see something more interesting.” she said.
“I’m completely torn,” said Tom Finkelpearl, director of the Queens (N.Y.), Museum of Art and author of Dialogues in Public Art (MIT Press, 2001). “Most people in the public art community think these works give public art a bad name. On the other hand, they inspire imagination, and they’re not doing any harm. I think we’re going to experience cow fatigue and it’s going to die out. So we élite in the art world don’t have to worry about it too much.” Finkelpearl knows whereof he speaks. Some time ago, his then 11-year -old son asked for a miniature replica of one of the entries from CowParade New York 2000 that was selling in his own museum gift shop. “My kid has grown up with a steady diet of high art,” Finkelpearl said, laughing, “And this is what he wanted.”
Questions 66 to 70
Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage.
66 Why is Edward Sozanski concerned about animal art?
67 According to the passage, what is the real reason that animal art exhibitions remain popular?
68 Where is the idea of the “Ewe Revue” from?
69 Why does Erika Doss object to animal art?
70 What is the positive effect that animal art brings?
【答案与解析】
66 Because it encourages low standards for artists and for funding public art. (Because it lowers standards for artists and sponsors.)
(文章第三段中指出“The problem, he believes, is that they encourage low standards for artists and for funding public art”，即Edward Sozanski担心动物艺术品的原因。此句即为答案。)
67 Because it draws people and money to downtown commercial districts, supplying many stores with a badly needed economic jolt.
(文章第四段谈到人们仍然喜欢动物艺术品的原因。根据该段倒数第三句“the big reason animal art has exploded is that it draws people and money to downtown commercial districts, supplying many stores with a badly needed economic jolt”可知，动物艺术展受欢迎的最大原因在于此。此句即可作为答案。)
68 Organizers were inspired by the city’s former Western Knitting Mill, which was once among the world’s leading wool suppliers.
(文章倒数第三段谈到Ewe Revue以及它产生的灵感来源时提到“Organizers were inspired by the city’s former Western Knitting Mill, which was once among the world’s leading wool suppliers”，此句即为答案。)
69 Because it lacks individual artistic expression (Because it is boring and lacks risk-taking).
(文章倒数第二段指明Erika Doss对动物艺术展的看法。根据该段最后两句“interprets the rise in animal art as resulting from the death of individual artistic expression”以及“I think it’s boring, this lack of risk-taking”可知，缺乏个人对艺术的表达以及缺乏冒险精神均可为答案。)
70 They inspire imagination.
(文章最后一段是对动物艺术的积极评价，如第三句中“On the other hand, they inspire imagination, and they’re not doing any harm”，因此答案可以为They inspire imagination。)
Section D (10 marks)
Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.
There’s good news and bad news about life in modern cities—first, the bad. People who study population growth predict a nightmare by the year 2025: the global population will be more than 8 billion, and almost 4 billion of these people will be living in cities in developing countries such as India and Nigeria. Population growth is already causing unbelievable overcrowding. Nairobi, Kenya, has basic services for 200,000 people but has a population of 5 million. Mexico City is home to almost 25 million people. By the year 2025, population experts predict, 660 million people will be living in cities in India. Due to overcrowding, these cities have problems with air pollution, disease, and crime. People spend hours in gridlock—that is, traffic so horrible that it simply doesn’t move—when they commute daily from their homes to their work and back. There isn’t enough water, transportation, or housing. Many people don’t have access to health services or jobs. Now the good news: in some cities, instead of worsening, urban life is actually getting much better.
It might not be a surprise to find that life in affluent cities is improving. But what about cities that aren’t rich? The city of Curitiba, Brazil, proves that it’s possible for even a city in a developing country to offer a good life to its residents. The mayor of Curitiba for twenty-five years, Jaime Lerner, was an architect and a very practical person. Under his leadership, the city planners established a list of priorities—in other words, a list of what was most important to work on. They decided to focus on the environment and on the quality of life. With an average income of only about $200 per person per year, Curitiba has the same problems as many cities. However, it also has some creative solutions.
One creative solution is the method of garbage collection. In neighborhoods that garbage trucks can’t reach, poor people bring bags of trash to special centres. At these centres, they exchange the trash for fresh produce—such as potatoes and oranges—or for bus tickets. At a recycling plant, workers separate bottles, plastic, and cans from other trash. Two-thirds of Curitiba’s garbage is recycled, which is good for the environment. And the plant gives hobs to the poorest people, which improves their lives.
Due to careful planning, Curitiba does not have the same traffic problems that most cities have. The statistics are surprising. The population has grown—now twice the size it was in 1974—but traffic has actually decreased 30 percent. Curitiba needed a mass—transit system but couldn’t afford an expensive subway. City planners began, instead, with an unusual system of buses in the centre lanes of five wide major streets. At each bus stop, there is a forty-foot-long glass tube. Passengers pay before they enter the tube. Then they get on the bus “subway style”—through wide doors. This allows people to get on and off the bus quickly and efficiently. People don’t crowd onto the bus; loading and unloading takes only thirty seconds. This makes commuting more pleasant and also helps to solve the problem of air pollution.
Then there is the problem of street children. To help solve this problem, Jaime Lerner talked seriously with owners of factories and stores. Each factory and store owner agreed to take care of a few street children—to give them a meal every day and a small amount of money. In exchange, the children do small, simple jobs in the garden or office. In addition, the city hired teenagers to keep the public parks clean.
Clearly, overcrowding in big cities worldwide is the cause of serious problems. However, the example of Curitiba provides hope that careful planning and creative thinking can lead to solutions to many of them. Curitiba is truly, as Lewis Mumford once said of cities in general, a “symbol of the possible”.
Questions 71 to 75
Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank.
There’s good news and bad news about life in modern cities. Researchers have estimated that the (71) _____ will be more than 8 billion. 4 billion of these people will be living in cities in developing countries such as India and Nigeria. It will cause (72) _____. By the year 2025, with big population living in Indian cities, people will face problems of air pollution, disease and crime. The good news is that in some cities, urban life is actually getting much better.
Curitiba proves that it is possible for a city in developing countries to offer good life to its residents. The mayor of Curitiba, Jaime Lerner, has come up with lots of solutions to problems ahead of Curitiba. One creative solution is the method of (73) _____. People bring their trash to special centres and exchange it for something useful. The trash is then recycled and put to use again. Besides, Curitiba’s city planners install a forty-foot-long glass tube at each bus stop for passengers to pay the fare before getting on the bus. This not only saves time but also helps to reduce (74) _____. Jaime Lerner also makes effort to help street children. He asks the owners of factories and stores to allow these children to do simple jobs in exchange for (75) _____ or some money. In addition, the city hires them to keep the public parks clean.
【答案与解析】
71 population
(文章第一段指出，有关现代城市生活的坏消息是到2025年，全球人口将超过八十亿。所以此处填全球人口global population。)
72 unbelievable overcrowding
(紧接着上一个填空，人口的增长导致难以想象的过度拥挤。因此此处填unbelievable overcrowding。)
73 garbage collection
(文章中间段第一句就是库里提巴的市长提出的一个具有创造性的解决方法，即垃圾回收。因此此处填garbage collection。)
74 air pollution
(根据上下文，此处说到另一个解决方法，就是城市乘车系统。根据原文倒数第三段最后一句“This makes commuting more pleasant and also helps to solve the problem of air pollution”可知，此方法不仅让上下班乘车更舒适，还帮助解决空气污染问题。因此此处填air pollution。)
75 a meal/meals
(文章倒数第二段指出另外一个解决方式让城市变得更好，就是让街上的孩子在工厂干活换取一顿饭或一些钱。因此此处填a meal或者meals。)
Section A (5 marks)
Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
76 What’s the point of spending your time and energy on something useless? The more you spend your time and energy there, the more you waste your resources. There are probably many things that you want to achieve, but you can’t achieve all that you want. Your resources are limited, so you need to choose and prioritize. If you try to do too much at once, you will end up achieving very little. Pursuing too many things may give yourself unnecessary pressure. Don’t let your ambition stop you from enjoying your life.
【参考译文】
把你的时间和精力花在无用的事情上有什么意义呢？在这些事情上花的时间和精力越多，你浪费掉的资源也越多。或许你有许多想要完成的事情，但你不可能完成所有想做的事。你的资源有限，因此需要选择，需要优胜劣汰。如果你试图一下子做很多，最终你得到的会很少。追求太多可能会给自己带来不必要的压力。不要让抱负阻止你享受生活。
【解析】
①句式结构
翻译本段时，注意第二句固定句式“the more…, the more…”的翻译，以及连接词的翻译，如but、so等，应使译文连贯流畅。
②重点词汇
the point of doing sth. 做某事的意义
spend sth. on sth. 在某事上花费某物
achieve取得，获得；实现；成功
prioritize 优先考虑
end up doing sth. 以……结束
Section B (10 marks)
Translate the following sentences into English by using the hints given in brackets. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
77 在社交网络上张贴自己的照片现在已经成了一种新的时尚。(new fad)
【答案】 It has become a new fad nowadays to post photos of our own on social networks.
【解析】 new fad新时尚，新风尚。post作动词时表示“张贴；公布”。social networks社交网络。it作形式主语，也可直接用动名词形式做主语。
78 据估计，南极的冰山拥有全世界最大的淡水蕴藏。(estimate)
【答案】 It is estimated that the Antarctic icebergs have the world’s largest fresh water reserves.
【解析】 estimate估计；判断。Antarctic南极的；南极洲。reserve储备，储存。it作形式主语。
79 让世界充满爱，因为爱使世界运转，而且使它变得更好。(go around)
【答案】 Let the world be filled with love, since love enables it to go around and makes it better.
【解析】 go around运转；四处走动。be filled with充满。enable使能够。
80 技术不仅便利了贸易，而且提高了人们谋生和理财的能力。(facilitate)
【答案】 Technology not only facilitates trade, but also enhances people’s ability to make a living and manage their finances.
【解析】 facilitate促进；使容易。enhance提高，加强。not only…but also…不仅……而且……。
81 辩论是交流思想的平台，所以讲清自己的观点很重要。(where)
【答案】 Debate is the platform where ideas are exchanged, so it is of great importance to clarify one’s opinions.
【解析】 where做连词引导定语从句。be of importance很重要。clarify阐明。
Proofread the passage as required. Each indicated line contains a maximum of one error. Correct the passage in the following ways: for a right line, put the sign “ √” in the corresponding blank; for a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank; for a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with the sign “ ∧” and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank; for an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with the sign “\” and put the word with the sign in the blank. Write the answers on the answer sheet.
【答案与解析】
82 come→came
(由was和last time可知，此句是一般过去时态，因此从句中的谓语动词应该用过去时，所以应把come改为came。)
83 worthy→worth
(句意：真正感觉自己的钱付出的有价值。所有格后面应该跟名词，worthy为形容词，所以把worthy改为worth，表示“价值”。)
84 hard∧to→not
(根据下文意思可知，如今的电影在发布前获得大量人气，最终却达不到期望。因此此句要表达的意思是如今的电影很难不让人失望。所以应在hard之后加上否定词not。)
85 month→months
(此处month应用复数。months before几个月前。所以month应改为months。)
86 up∧your→to
(live up to one’s expectations表示“不辜负某人的期望”，为固定搭配。所以应加to。)
87 that→which
(此句为非限制性定语从句，应用which引导。所以that应改为which。)
88 for→with
(be faced with为固定搭配，表示“面对”，所以for应改为with。)
89 another→other
(句意： 当然，有些其他的故事是值得放上大屏幕的。another表示三个或三个以上的另一个，有范围；other其他的。所以another应改为other。)
90 at→on
(remark on sth.为固定搭配，表示“评论某事，谈论某事”。所以at应改为on。)
91 √
There are five IQ test questions in this part. Write your answers on the answer sheet.
92 Can you change one letter of each of these words to make two new words with a common theme?
FRIDGE POWER
【答案】 BRIDGE POKER
【解析】 F→B，W→K。bridge和poker均可表示“桥牌”。
93 If YORK is 9675 on this phone keypad, what do the following numbers represent? Both of the words are place names. Choose the one you like to answer.
【答案】 Derby; Truro
【解析】 第一个：3(D, E, F)，3(D, E, F)，7(P, Q, R, S)，2(A, B, C)，9(W, X, Y, Z)中的D，E，R，B，Y，即Derby，是英国中部城市德比；第二个：8(T, U, V)，7(P, Q, R, S)，8(T, U, V)，7(P, Q, R, S)，6(M, N, O)中的T，R，U，R，O，即Truro，是英国城市特鲁罗。
94 Can you rearrange each of these sets of letter blocks into a word? Choose the one you like to answer.
【答案】 DEMANDING; INFRINGES (demanding; infringes)
【解析】 这些字母组合可以组成两个单词。DE＋MAN＋DI＋NG＝DEMANDING，IN＋FR＋ING＋ES＝INFRINGES。demanding苛求的。infringes为infringe的第三人称单数形式，表示“侵犯”。
95 Place one each of the digits 1—9 in the grid to make the sums work. We’ve put in some of the numbers to start you off. Sums should be solved from left to right, or from top to bottom.
【答案】 first line: 3, 2; second line: 4, 5; third line: 7, 6, 1
【解析】 第一行等式要成立，只能是11×2＝22，而8＋3＝11，所以第一行为（8＋3）×2＝22；由此可推算竖行第二个等式为（3＋9）÷6＝2；此时还剩下数字1、4、5、7；竖行第一个等式要成立，只能是2×7＝14，而8÷4＝2，所以竖行第一个等式为（8÷4）×7＝14；最后一个等式为竖排第三个等式（2×5）－1＝9。
96 What phrase and word are suggested by the following word pictures? Choose the one you like to answer.
【答案】 I understand; backbone
【解析】 由第一个图可知，I在STAND的下面，即“I” is under “STAND”，也就是“I understand”；将第二个图的ENOB倒过来写就是BONE，在一张薄一点的纸上写“BONE”，然后将纸反过来，看到的就是“ENOB”了，因此这里暗示的单词就是backbone。
Look at the following table about the time spent by British males and females on different daily activities per day.
Write a report of no less than 100 words describing the information shown above on the answer sheet.
【参考范文】
The table illustrates various spans of time consumed by men and women on different activities every day in Britain, including daily must-does, entertainment events, work, etc.
In Britain’s everyday life, people spend similar hours on sleeping, resting, personal care, eating and drinking. Besides, leisure activities, such as watching TV, sport, and reading, account for most of the time when people are awake, with 5.25 hours a day for men and 4.53 hours a day for women. For employment and study, men spend 3.45 hours, while women 2.26 hours. British women spend 3 hours a day on housework, which is more than twice the number of men’s expense. Females also take more time on childcare than males, with the average number of 0.32 and 0.15 respectively.
In brief, both British men and women are involved in diverse activities every day, although there may be some slight discrepancies in some certain areas due to gender differences.
Outstanding grades, a perfect personal essay, excellence on the field or stage—these are some of the reasons students are awarded scholarships for college. Do you think they are good indicators of future success, as students and then as contributors in one’s chosen field? How would you award scholarships?
Write an essay of no less than 160 words to express your opinion on the answer sheet.
【参考范文】
Scholarships are important incentives for universities to encourage students to get better performances in each academic year. Usually, a scholarship will not be given to a student without an excellent transcript, a pleasing paperwork, a top level award or a brilliant research report in the study field. I strongly believe that these are all essential points for evaluating one’s achievement in universities, as well as qualifications for future employment. But, these are not the crucial ones.
Indeed, a profound mastery in one’s study field is necessary. But I think the way of coping with difficulties, the attitude towards different people in tough situations, and moral qualities play a more important part in defining one’s success.
Therefore, if I were a member in school faculties, I would first suggest taking into consideration these factors and proportionating them, with moral quality accounting for a larger proportion, followed by student assessment. Faculties can employ methods of questionnaire, face-to-face interview and team assignment to mark candidates’ performances, just like what some famous companies do to recruit employees. This can not only help to select the one most suited to be scholarship recipient, but also be a channel to let students get to know future job-hunting.