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Section A (5 marks)
In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
1 What do we learn about the woman?
A. She has been assigned a new job
B. She is asked to work overtime
C. She will be on a business trip for a week
D. She is promoted to sale manager
【答案】 B
【解析】 当女士被问到最近怎么样时，她说到“I’ve got this new boss. She’s a nightmare, works twenty five hours a day, and expects everybody else to do the same.”，可以看出老板要求这位女士超时工作。因此正确答案为B选项。
【录音原文】
W: Hello, John. Sorry I’m late.
M: That’s OK. We haven’t ordered yet. So, what’s new?
W: Nothing much. Work’s been really busy this week. That’s why I had to rush to get here. How’re things with you?
M: Same as usual. Overworked, underpaid.
W: I’ve got this new boss. She’s a nightmare, works twenty five hours a day, and expects everybody else to do the same. I’ve been working till at least ten o’clock every night this week...
2 What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
A. The bus she took was delayed
B. She left her handbag on the bus
C. She was on her way to London
D. Her luggage was too heavy to carry
【答案】 B
【解析】 这位女士在电话中说到“And I’m pretty sure I left my handbag on the bus.”，可知女士把手包落在了公交车上。故B为正确答案。
【录音原文】
M: Midland Express. How can I help you?
W: Hello. I travelled up to Birmingham on one of your services this morning. And I’m pretty sure I left my handbag on the bus.
M: I see, madam. Um, which service were you travelling on?
W: Oh, I don’t know the number, but it was London to Birmingham express, and it got in at about 10 o’clock.
M: And could you describe the item for me, please?
W: Yes, it’s a small, shiny, black, plastic handbag (Uh-huh), with a short handstrap (right) and a large silver-colored buckle (Mm). I was sitting near the...
3 What is “Fatticide”?
A. It is an exercise used for skin care
B. It is the name of a company producing cream
C. It is a program for balancing people’s diet
D. It is a kind of cream for keeping slim and fit
【答案】 D
【解析】 句中问到什么是“Fatticide”，女士回答说“Fatticide Body Cream. Just rub it on every night before bedtime, and while you’re asleep the fat just melts away.”，可以知道这是一种使人保持苗条的身体霜。因此正确答案为D选项。
【录音原文】
M: Jane! You look fantastic! And that dress! Why, it can’t be more than a size 10.
W: Size 8 actually. I lost ten kilos in the last two weeks. And I feel great too.
M: Ten kilos! That’s amazing! But it must have been really hard work.
W: Not at all. It was really easy. Thanks to Fatticide.
M: Fatticide?
W: Yes, Fatticide Body Cream. Just rub it on every night before bedtime, and while you’re asleep the fat just melts away. No need for painful exercise or boring diets. Eat what you like and still lose weight.
4 What does the woman say about the sales volume?
A. It drops 17% in Asia on last year
B. It surges 1% in US on last year
C. It declines 2% in European last year
D. It increases 7% in Australia on last year
【答案】 B
【解析】 句中关于销量情况，女士说到“Sales in Europe are up 2 percent on last year, and in the US they’re up 1 percent.”，可以看出在美国的销量增长了1 percent，B项与对话意思相符，题中的A、C、D选项均与题意不符。故B为正确答案。
【录音原文】
M: What about sales volume?
W: Well, considering the economy’s not doing well, I think the figures have been pretty good. Sales in Europe are up 2 percent on last year, and in the U.S. they’re up 1 percent.
M: What about Asia?
W: Not so good I’m afraid. Sales volume is down 7 percent compared to last year. The only good news is that our Slingshot disposable camera is selling very strongly in all Asian markets. In the three years since it was launched we’ve had total sales of 8 million units.
M: That’s good. Really good. I wish we had a few more products like that.
5 What does the man say about “Basil Panini”?
A. He used to play for Roma
B. He is paid 8 million dollars a year
C. He is a leading English striker
D. He was rejected by Manchester United
【答案】 A
【解析】 关于“Basil Panini”男士说到“Basil Panini has become the world’s most expensive soccer player in an eighty-million-dollar move from Roma to Manchester United.”可见“Basil Panini”曾经在“Roma”效力，现在到了曼联。因此A为正确答案。
【录音原文】
M: Did you see this on the sports page?
W: See what?
M: Manchester United have just paid 80 million US dollars for a new striker.
W: Wow!
M: Listen. “Italian striker Basil Panini has become the world’s most expensive soccer player in an eighty-million-dollar move from Roma to Manchester United.”
W: 80 million?
M: Yeah. “The 22-year-old international has signed a five-year contract worth an estimated 7 million US dollars a year.”
W: Wow!
Section B (10 marks)
In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the questions and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
Conversation One
6 How did the woman proofread the letter?
A. She commented on the writing in detail
B. She changed the original writing style
C. She made corrections and altered some phrases
D. She cut several lines of the letter
7 What was Roger saying in the letter?
A. He missed Rachel while he was on a business trip.
B. He described the beautiful scenery in Prague
C. He shared his happiness with Rachel
D. He found the business affairs rather boring
8 How did the man know about Rachel’s crooked tooth?
A. Because he has been writing to Theodore
B. Because he has met Rachel before
C. Because he has seen a picture of the couple
D. Because he is a good friend of Roger’s
【答案与解析】
6 C 校正这首诗时女士说到“I made the corrections in red. I altered a couple of the phrases in some of the more impressionistic letters.”可见C选项符合录音内容。
7 A 女士问Roger在信中的内容，男士回答“I just say that he was in Prague on a business trip. He missed Rachel.”，Roger在布拉格进行商务旅行，他很想念Rachel。故A选项为正确答案。
8 C 男士被问到是如何知道Rachel的牙齿不整齐时，他回答道“I knew about her crooked little tooth because I saw a photo of them.”，可知他曾经看到过Rachel的照片。故C为正确选项。
【录音原文】
W: Good morning, Theodore.
M: Morning. Umm... Do you know how to proofread?
W: Yeah, of course.
M: Er... Can you check these for spelling and grammar?
W: Uh-huh. Just send me over. I love this personal writing to his girlfriend. That is so sweat.
M: Yeah.
W: “Rachel, I miss you so much. It hurts my whole body...”
M: You do not need to read it aloud.
W: OK.
M: I mean, you can if you want.
W: OK. “Rachel, I miss you so much. It hurts my whole body. The world is being unfair to us. The world is on my shitlist. As this couple is making out across from me in the restaurant, I think I’m going to have to go on a mission of revenge, and I must beat up the world’s face with my bare knuckles making it into a bloody pulpy mess. And I’ll stop on this couple’s teeth for reminding me of your sweet little cute crooked tooth that I love.” I think that might be my favorite one. I made the corrections in red. I altered a couple of the phrases in some of the more impressionistic letters. But I’m not much of a poet, so I think I might’ve messed them up.
M: No, these are great.
W: Really?
M: Thank you.
W: So the real letter, what Roger was saying?
M: I just say that he was in Prague on a business trip. He missed Rachel.
W: So how could you know about her crooked tooth?
M: I’ve been writing her letters since they married years ago. The first letter I ever wrote was for her birthday. And I knew about her crooked little tooth because I saw a photo of them.
W: That’s very sweet. Oh, you have a meeting in 5 minutes.
M: Oh, I forgot, thank you. You’re good.
W: Yes, I am.
Conversation Two
9 How many books has the writer written so far?
A. 18
B. 19
C. 45
D. 46
10 When did the writer start her new book?
A. The day after her previous one was published
B. The day after her previous one was finished
C. The day after Philip Boroff’s new book was published
D. The day after Philip Boroff’s new book was finished
11 Why does the writer stop everything when characters pop up in her mind?
A. To see if she can remember them
B. To pick out the character she likes
C. To learn more about the characters
D. To think out more characters
12 What kind of topics is covered in the writer’s books?
A. Organ donation and abortion death
B. Scenic spots and business affairs
C. Art history and different life-styles
D. Techniques and scientific products
13 How does the writer get interested in these topics?
A. She has experienced a lot in life
B. She has many friends
C. She travels all over the world
D. She reads extensively
14 Why does the writer say she is superstitious?
A. She is fond of describing super power in her novel
B. She believes no bad things would happen to her if she writes them out
C. She often imagines the unknown world and cannot get it out of her mind
D. She used to communicate with the characters she creates in her books
15 What is the main character in Lone Wolf ?
A. A biologist
B. A sociologist
C. An artist
D. An environmentalist
【答案与解析】
9 B 主持人提到“You are so prolific. I mean 19 novels at your 45.”，可以看出这是一位多产的作家，45岁时已经写了19本书。因此B选项为正确答案。
10 B 对话中主持人问作家什么时候开始写新书的时候，作家回答道“The day after it’s finished.”，可以知道是写完一本之后开始新书的写作。故B为正确答案。
11 C 根据对话可以知道作家在脑海中有一些新的角色的时候会停下手头的一切事情是因为“you listen to them but you also know that you need to stop and learn as much about these characters as you possibly can because you’ve the authority.”来了解更多关于角色的内容。因此C选项为正确答案。
12 A 关于该作家书中包含的话题，主持人说到“I mean organ donation, gay rights, abortion death, row bowling, murder in an Amish country, teenage suicide, the right to die...”，可以看出包括“organ donation”（器官捐赠）、“abortion death”（堕胎死亡）等话题。只有A选项符合文意。
13 D 作家被问到是如何对这些话题感兴趣的时候，他回答道“Sometimes it can be a story that I read.”，“I was on a book tour. I picked up a copy of the New York Times and I read a magazine article there about a woman who had sued her OBGYN for wrongful birth.”，可以看出作家阅读广泛。故D为正确答案。
14 B 作家说自己很迷信时说到“I’m very superstitious. I think if I write about it, it will never happen to me.”，作家认为如果自己把这些事情写出来的话，这些事情就不会发生在自己身上。因此B项为正确答案。
15 A “Lone Wolf”中的主角，作家提到“the book is about a guy named Luke Warren, who is a very unique kind of wolf biologist.”，可以知道主角是一位研究狼族的生物学家。因此A项为正确答案。
【录音原文】
Host: And I want... I’m going to start Jodi by saying that “Damn girl”. You are so prolific. I mean 19 novels at your 45. I’d like to live in your brain for a few weeks because I think it could be a very exciting place to be, because it must be working overtime. And I hate to be pedestrian by asking you a frequently asked question but you are not interviewed as a number of authors through the course of my career, and I remember, just name drop, Philip Boroff told me that he right standing up in John Grisham writes longhand on legal pads. I’m not sure if he still does but that’s what he used to do. And can you just tell us a little bit about your writing regime? I think I also read that you start a new book. The day after your previous one is... the day after it’s finished or the day after it’s published?
Jodi Picoult: The day after it’s finished.
Host: Oh, my god. What is wrong with you?
Jodi Picoult: I don’t know.
Host: I mean you don’t take a break at all?
Jodi Picoult: Well, that.., not that way because I’m usually overlapping books, you know. I tend to write one book at a time, to be physically writing one book at a time and that’s a bit like I was writing two books at one time for this year. But um... it starts for me with a what-if question. And it’s something that’s keeping me up at night, something that’s bothering me, something that..., you know it just makes me wonder what would I do in that situation. And if I continue to think about it, I know it’s really a good idea for a novel. And if I keep thinking about it, characters pop up like mushrooms. And they begin to take the story away from me. And at that point, I stop everything.
Host: To call security?
Jodi Picoult: No. Here’s the thing. It’s funny. I said this many, many times but writing is successful, schizophrenic. I’m paid to hear voices in my head, right? And so you know...
Host: Already then.
Jodi Picoult: Right, but really you know it’s great because you listen to them but you also know that you need to stop and learn as much about these characters as you possibly can because you’ve the authority. So I don’t let myself read a word until I’ve done a boatload of research. And I bet you’re gonna get to that later.
Host: Definitely. Because I mean among many things, that is such a fascinating topic, the way that you research books. But before we get to that I mean, you really do grapple with big issues as you said things that keep you up at night. I mean organ donation, gay rights, abortion death, row bowling, murder in an Amish country, teenage suicide, the right to die... I mean, to name just some of them all kinds of ethical dilemmas and I’m just curious how you get interested in these topics? Do you read things in the paper? Do you see things on television? What picture(s) interest and a particular issue at any given time?
Jodi Picoult: It really depends on the topic. Sometimes it can be a story that I read. When I was coming up for the idea which handles with care, which’s about wrongful birth lawsuits, it actually has its genesis here in New York City. I was on a book tour. I had Sunday morning to do nothing and I picked up a copy of the New York Times and I read a magazine article there about a woman who had sued her OBGYN for wrongful birth. And I was fascinated by it. And I couldn’t get it out of my mind so that really started that particular book rolling. Sometimes it could be my mother telling me nobody knows about the omission, if anyone could find out about them, it will be you. And that’ll be the reason that I...
Host: Your mum is here tonight, too.
Jodi Picoult: Yes, she is. Hi, mum. And you know and then sometimes it’s... I think, a much more organic process, something that I’ve come to worry about because I’m a mum mostly. Something like what are the worst things that you can imagine happening to a kid, you know, a child being kidnapped, a child getting sick, a child dying. All of those things which are very natural fears for parents manifest themselves somewhere in my fiction and I think to some extent and this is completely wrong. I’m very superstitious. I think if I write about it, it will never happen to me. Is that weird?
Host: No, I can see that... I can see that... I can see how you feel that way. Meanwhile you know I should mention the research you do really is extraordinary and so fascinating. I know your newest novel is called Lone Wolf and sort of whose life is that, anyway, meets dancing with wolves. Not really but...
Jodi Picoult: It is to Hollywood...
Host: And not really, but can you tell us a little bit about what this book is about and the kind of research you did for because it’s sort of... two very different ideas in one novel?
Jodi Picoult: Right, the book is about a guy named Luke Warren, who is a very unique kind of wolf biologist. Instead of studying wolves from afar, he actually goes and lives with the wild wolf pack of Canada.
Section C (5 marks)
In this section, you will hear fire short news items. After each item, which will be read only once, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
16 What is IMF’s watchdog’s criticism?
A. The IMF did not do enough to help resolve the financial crisis
B. The IMF underestimated the seriousness of the financial crisis
C. The IMF called off austerity too soon after the financial crisis
D. The IMF was too optimistic about America’s financial recovery
【答案】 C
【解析】 新闻开头提到国际货币基金组织的监管者批评该机构在金融危机之后很快就取消了紧缩机制，“The International Monetary Fund’s own watchdog has criticized the agency saying it called off austerity too soon after the financial crisis.”，因此C为正确选项。
【录音原文】 The International Monetary Fund’s own watchdog has criticized the agency saying it called off austerity too soon after the financial crisis. A new report from the IMF’s independent valuation office says the advice was less effective in promoting recovery and was detrimental to emerging markets. The report says that much of the research including the IMPs own suggested that government tax and spending policies are particularly effective following a financial crisis. Instead the IMF advised using interest rates and the policy on its quantitative easing which, the report argues, were less likely to work.
17 What is said about the painting?
A. It was sold by an auction house for 20 million dollars
B. The auction house Sotheby’s claimed it was a replica
C. Its buyer insisted it was the original work of a Spanish artist
D. It depicts a wealthy young man winning a card game
【答案】 B
【解析】 关于这幅画，新闻中提到“In 2006 then the owner of the painting Bill S. asked Sothehy’s for their opinion. They said it was a replica.”，可以得知拍卖所认为这幅画是一幅复制品。A、C、D选项均不符合新闻事实。故B选项为正确答案。
【录音原文】 A painting sold by the auction house Sotheby’s in London for 83,000 dollars is at the center of a legal battle amid claims that it could be the work of the Baroque-Italian master Caravaggio and worth over 20 million dollars. In 2006 the then owner of the painting Bill S. asked Sothehy’s for their opinion. They said it was a replica. The owner then sold it bat the buyer claimed it was an original. It’s called the Card Shops, and it depicts a wealthy young man at a card table falling victim to two cheats.
18 What do we learn about the town Jurf al-Sakhar?
A. It was recaptured by Iraqi government troops
B. It was occupied by the Sunni extremists for many years
C. A car bomb exploded at its centre and killed
D. The US military launched 11 airstrikes against Islamic State targets there.
【答案】 A
【解析】 新闻开头提到“Jurf al-Sakhar”，“Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi said the recapture of Jurf al-Sakhar, about 50 kilometers south of Baghdad, was a “fatal blow” against the Islamic State group.”，对小镇的重新占领是对伊斯兰教的沉重一击。故A为正确选项。
【录音原文】 A day earlier, Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi said the recapture of Jurf al-Sakhar, about 50 kilometers south of Baghdad, was a “fatal blow” against the Islamic State group. The Sunni extremists had occupied the town since July. In Monday’s other attack, a car bomb exploded in a central Baghdad neighborhood filled with shops and restaurants, killing at least 10 people. In another development, the US military said Monday it launched 11 airstrikes against Islamic State targets in Iraq and Syria in the past day.
19 Which party won the first place in Ukraine’s recent parliamentary election?
A. The political bloc headed by President Petro Poroshenko
B. The Opposition Bloc party of the ousted pro-Russia president
C. A pro-Western party called Self Help.
D. Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk’s Popular Front
【答案】 D
【解析】 新闻中提到“Ukraine’s Central Election Commission says Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk’s Popular Front is in first place, with nearly 22 percent of the votes.”，即首相所在的“Popular Front”排名第一。因此D为正确选项。
【录音原文】 Two Ukrainian pro-European parties are in the lead after a parliamentary election on Sunday. With more than 65 percent of the votes counted, Ukraine’s Central Election Commission says Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk’s Popular Front is in first place, with nearly 22 percent of the votes. A political bloc headed by the prime minister’s ally, President Petro Poroshenko, was a close second, with 21 percent. A third pro-Western party called Self Help was in third place with about 11 percent, while the Opposition Bloc party of Ukraine’s ousted pro-Russia president Viktor Yanukovych was fourth with almost 10 percent.
20 What caused the hikers’ tragic accident?
A. An unexpected snowstorm
B. A sudden landslide
C. A torrential rain
D. An earthquake
【答案】 A
【解析】 新闻的最后提到“Many of the hikers were on Nepal’s popular Annapurna trail where the storm produced avalanches.”，徒步旅行者在安纳布尔纳峰的路上行走时遭遇了雪崩。因此A选项为正确答案。
【录音原文】 At least 40 people remain missing, and presumed dead, after an unexpected blizzard struck a popular Himalayan trekking route last week. Nepalese search teams, travelling by helicopter, continue to scan high-altitude areas in what is gradually turning from a rescue to a recovery operation. At least 39 hikers are confirmed dead, among them Canadians, Indians, Israehs, Slovaks and Poles, but mostly Nepalese porters. Many of the hikers were on Nepal’s popular Annapurna trail where the storm produced avalanches.
Section D (10 marks)
In this section, you will hear a short passage. For questions 21-30, complete the notes using no more than three wards for each blank. The passage will be read only once. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
The History of Currency
●Currency before
Coins:
◇The oldest coins appeared over (21) ______ years ago.
◇they were made of (22)______ like gold and silver.
◇The (23) ______ of a person or animal was stamped on each coin to indicate its value.
Paper bills:
◇First example, the Chinese government started making (24) ______, which could be traded for coins in (25) ______.
●Currency today
◇A (26)______of coins and paper money.
◇Paper bills have different sizes and colors and their (27)______ is easy to identify.
●Varieties of currency in history
◇(28)______were the lightest money ever used on the Pacific island of Santa Cruz.
◇(29)______ were the heaviest money ever used on the Pacific island of Yap, some of which weighed over 500 pounds.
◇The smallest money was made of metal. The coins were smaller than (30) ______.
【答案与解析】
21 2500
（录音中提到了“The oldest coins are over 2,500 years old,”，因此该空填2500。）
22 precious metals
（录音中提到了“At first, people used precious metals, such as gold and silver, to make coins.”，起初人们利用金银之类的贵金属制作硬币。因此该空应填precious metals。）
23 shape
（录音中提到“They stamped the shape of a person or animal on each coin to indicate its value.”，人们将人或动物的形状印在硬币上来说明它的价值。因此该空应填shape。）
24 paper receipts
（录音中提到“Because it was inconvenient to carry so many coins, the government started making paper receipts.”，因为携带很多硬币不方便，所以政府开始制造纸币。因此该空应填paper receipts。）
25 the 13th century
（录音中提到“In the 13th century, people in China used iron coins for their currency.”，13世纪时使用铁制的硬币，然而非常不方便，于是开始制造纸币。可知是在13世纪时开始制造纸币。因此该空应填the 13th century。）
26 mixture
（录音中提到“Today, most countries use a mixture of coins and paper bills for their currency”，现在大多数国家的货币是纸币和硬币的混合使用。因此该空应填mixture。）
27 value
（录音中提到“In many other countries, the bills have different sizes and colors. The smaller bills are worth less money. This makes it easier for people to tell the value of their money.”，即纸币不同的大小和形状代表了不同的价值。因此该空应填value。）
28 Feathers
（录音中提到“Feathers were the lightest money ever used.”，羽毛是使用过的最轻的货币。因此该空应填Feathers。）
29 Stones
（录音中提到“Stones were the heaviest money ever used.”，石头是使用过的最重的货币。因此该空应填Stones。）
30 an apple seed
（录音中提到“The smallest money ever used was in Greece. The coins were made of metal, but they were smaller than an apple seed.”，可以知道硬币是由金属制成的，但是它们比苹果籽还要小。因此该空应填an apple seed。）
【录音原文】
Today, currency is a mixture of coins and paper money. But it wasn’t always that way. Before people had metal coins and paper bills, they used a lot of unusual things for money. In one part of the world, for example, people used sharks’ teeth for money. In some places, brightly colored feathers and rare seashells were money. People in one area even used the hair from elephants’ tails for money.
No one knows for sure when people started using metal coins for money. The oldest coins are over 2,500 years old, so we know that people used coins a very long time ago. At first, people used precious metals, such as gold and silver, to make coins. They stamped the shape of a person or animal on each coin to indicate its value.
In the 13th century, people in China used iron coins for their currency. These coins weren’t worth very much, and people had to use many of them to buy things. Because it was inconvenient to carry so many coins, the government started making paper receipts. People took these receipts to banks and traded them for coins. This was the first example of paper money.
Today, most countries use a mixture of coins and paper bills for their currency. In the United States, the paper bills are all the same size and color. For example, the $1 bill is the same size and color as the $100 bill. In many other countries, the bills have different sizes and colors. The smaller bills are worth less money. This makes it easier for people to tell the value of their money.
In 2002, twelve European countries started using a completely new currency. It’s called “the euro”. Many Europeans miss their old currencies, but now it’s easier to move money from one country to another.
Here are a few more fascinating facts about the history of money.
Feathers were the lightest money ever used. People on the Pacific island of Santa Cruz used them. Stones were the heaviest money ever used. People on the Pacific island of Yap used them. Some weighed over 500 pounds.
The smallest money ever used was in Greece. The coins were made of metal, but they were smaller than an apple seed.
There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
Section A Vocabulary & Grammar (10 marks)
31 The story of their exploration is inextricably ______ the character of the caves themselves.
A. bound to
B. bound by
C. bound up for
D. bound up with
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意：他们的探险故事都不可避免地与洞穴的特征相关。A项的bound to与B项的bound by都表示“束缚于……”，C项的bound up for表示“绑好用于”，D项的bound up with表示“与……密切相关”。探险故事应该是与洞穴特征相关，D项符合句意。
32 Senior students should be capable of acquiring and applying knowledge at varying levels of abstraction simultaneously as well as creating new concepts through ______ and invention.
A. mixture
B. connection
C. synthesis
D. merge
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意：高年级学生应该能够同时在多层次的抽象概念上获取和应用知识，而且要通过综合和创新来创造新概念。mixture表示“混合；混合物”。connection表示“连接；联系”。synthesis表示“综合；合成”。merge表示“合并；使合并”，用作动词。空格处填入的词应该与invention并列，invention表示“发明；创造”，用作名词。根据句意可推断，此处表示“词语的合成和发明”，应用synthesis来表示。
33 Mr. Suthep launched his crusade three months ago, at the time of the government’s cack-handed attempt to force through a bill ______ Mr. Thaksin amnesty for convictions for corruption and abuse of power.
A. protecting
B. granting
C. devoting
D. abandoning
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意：Suthep先生三个月前发起了改革。当时，愚蠢的政府正试图强行通过一项法案，准许Thaksin特赦因贪污和滥用权力而定罪的人。grant同意，准予。protect保护。devote致力于。abandon放弃；屈服。
34 Conrad himself says ______ he is unexceptional mentally, but he has compared his earliest memories with others’ and has found ______ he can recall things ______ many people can’t.
A. / ; that; what
B. that; what; what
C. what; that; /
D. that; that; that
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意：Conard说他心智上跟普通人一样，但是把他的早期记忆与他人相比，他发现他能够回忆出很多其他人不记得的事情。第一个空和第二空后是由that引导的宾语从句，其中that通常可以省略。第三空后是定语从句，先行词为things，关系代词可用that或which，其中，关系代词作宾语，可省略。需要注意，句末can’t后其实省略了recall。
35 China boasts thousands of charming little communities rich in heritage but none ______ as many museums as Anren ______has a small population with many museums being planned.
A. has; which
B. has; where
C. has had; which
D. have; where
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意：中国自夸有很多有着丰富遗产的迷人小型社区，但是没有一个像安仁县一样，人口很少，却计划筹建很多博物馆。but none意为“没有任何一个”，该处应为单数，结合题干现在时，排除选项C、D。第二空后是定语从句，通过分析句子结构可知这里应用关系代词that或which作主语，故选A。
36 No sooner ______ his term, this month ______ found himself accused of corruption by Mr. Obama’s Justice Department.
A. had he ended: than he
B. he ended: he than
C. had he ended; he than
D. he ended; than he
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意：这个月他的任期一结束，奥巴马的司法部就起诉他犯了贪污罪。句型no sooner+倒装+than+句子，意思为“一……就”，且主句应用完成时态，因此A项正确。
37 From this detachment arises also his sense of freedom, his love of ______ and his pride and nonchalance.
A. betrayal
B. vagabondage
C. mutiny
D. arrogance
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意：这份超然同时唤起了他的自由感，他对流浪的热爱，以及他的自豪和淡然。vagabondage流浪；流浪者；流浪生活。betrayal背叛；辜负。mutiny兵变；暴动。arrogance自大；傲慢。B项符合句意。
38 In many civil-forfeiture cases the agencies that seize the assets ______, and can use them to pay their budgets or buy faster patrol cars.
A. hold the greatest power
B. check their takings
C. keep most of the proceeds
D. make investment proposals
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意：在很多民事财产没收的案件里，管理该财产的代理方保留了大部分收益并可以使用这些收益支付他们的预算以及购置速度更快的巡逻车。keep most of the proceeds 保留大部分收益。hold the greatest power拥有最大的权力。check their takings检查他们的收入。make investment proposals做出投资建议。C项符合句意。
39 Doctor: I’m going to take your blood pressure. Could you take your coat off, please?
Emily: Would you like me to take my jumper off, too?
Doctor: No, can you just roll up your sleeves? Good. Your blood pressure’s fine.
Emily: ______.
Doctor: OK. I’d like a sample of your blood and urine, too. Here is a bottle for a urine sample. Can you hand it in as soon as possible?
Emily: Yes. I’ll bring it tomorrow.
A. Thank you for your care
B. That’s good
C. It makes me disgusting
D. It sounds quite frightening
【答案】 B
【解析】 对话发生在医生和受检查者之间。由题干内容得知，该空上文医生要检查血压，并告知检查者血压很正常。该空后，医生继续检查。A项为对医生服务表示感谢，应发生在全部检查结束后。C项，意为“它让我恶心”。D项，意为“听起来很可怕”。A、C、D均不符合题意，B项符合。
40 Operator: Emergency. Which service do you need?
Mary: Fire, please.
Operator: ______
Fire Service: Hello. Fire service.
Mary: Hello. My house is on the fire. My little boy...
Fire Service: Is he in the house? What’s your address?
Mary: The Schoolhouse, Millbrook.
Fire Service: OK. Where are you calling from?
Mary: My neighbor’s. The number is 90890009.
Fire Service: Get it. Now stay away from the house and we’ll be there soon.
A. I’m sorry to hear that
B. I’ll put you through
C. I’m glad you called
D. I’ll take a message
【答案】 B
【解析】 对话发生在火宅报警者、接线员及消防署之间。该空之前的内容为接线员询问报警者需要哪种紧急情况的服务。该空之后，对话转向了消防署。可得知，该空是接线员转接了电话。put through接通；完成；把……接通。B项符合情境。
Section B Culture (5 marks)
41 The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their ______ .
A. indestructible spirit
B. optimistic view of life
C. war experiences
D. masculinity
【答案】 A
【解析】 海明威作品中的硬汉形象最突出的特点是其不可被磨灭的强大精神力量。海明威定义其为“a man who lives correctly, following the ideals of honor, courage and endurance in a world that is sometimes chaotic, often stressful, and always painful.”。故A项最为贴切。
42 Which of the following books is written by Mark Twain?
A. The House of the Seven Gables
B. Oliver Twist
C. Pride and Prejudice
D. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
【答案】 D
【解析】 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆·索亚历险记》是马克·吐温1876年的作品。 The House of the Seven Gables 《七个尖角阁的房子》是纳撒尼尔·霍桑（Nathaniel Hawthorne）的作品。 Oliver Twist 《雾都孤儿》是查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens）的作品。 Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen）的作品。
43 The Victorian Age was largely an age of ______, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.
A. poetry
B. drama
C. fiction
D. prose
【答案】 C
【解析】 The Victorian Age维多利亚时代（1832～1901）是英国发展史上迅猛上升的时期。该时期小说迅猛发展。题干中的狄更斯和萨克雷皆为该时期著名小说家，其代表作分别为《雾都孤儿》和《名利场》。
44 In 1794, the US government and the ______ government signed Jay Treaty .
A. British
B. French
C. Spanish
D. Russian
【答案】 A
【解析】 Jay Treaty 杰伊条约，是1794年美英签署的友好、通商与航海条约，因美方代表，美国首席大法官约翰·杰伊得名。
45 India used to be a colony of ______.
A. Canada
B. the US
C. England
D. Japan
【答案】 C
【解析】 印度于1757年沦为英国殖民地。1947年印巴分治，印度独立。
Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letter(s) of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
Refrigeration, railways, suburban growth and the car have given rise to the supermarket, with its shrink-wrapped food, sell-by dates, and the branding and (46) adver______ of what we eat. Driving to edge-of-town supermarkets has resulted in the (47) ______ (close) of family shops, the devaluing of high streets and a decline in interaction between buyers, growers and sellers of food.
The (48) ______ of the supermarket was once played by covered markets in Britain and North America just as it is today in much of the world where people still want to look closely at the food they plan to buy, and to enjoy the (49) ______ (compare) buzz and the feast of all senses covered markets offer. More than these quotidian pleasures, covered markets are often special buildings, lovingly designed because their role—feeding the city and doing so deliciously and well—is equally (50) ______ important as those of city halls and places of worship. Despite the apparently (51) ______ (relent) rise of factory food and supermarkets, covered markets continue to thrive, some in bright patches of Britain and the United States.
One of the surprising joys of downtown Los Angeles—a city most visitors (52) ______ of as one great freeway where no one even thinks of walking—is Grand Central Market on South Broadway. Opened in 1917 on the ground floor of the Homer Laughlin Building and designed by the English-born (53) arch______ John B Parkinson, the market has served succeeding generations of immigrants. Today, 80% of those who shop here daily are Hispanic Americans, a fact reflected in the wealth of fresh fruit, vegetables and Spanish delis. Most of these, though, display their wares under all-American neon signs hung from the reinforced concrete beams of an innovative building where Frank Lloyd Wright, the most famous of all US architects, once ran his studio.
For sheer architectural beauty, Europe and the Middle East offer the (54) ______ (fine) of all covered markets. Despite intense competition from opulent palazzos and mesmerising art-laced churches, few visitors to Venice can fail to be impressed by the Pescheria, the covered fish market set cheek-by-gill with Rialto Bridge. A fish market has existed near here since 1097, although the existing Neo-Gothic building designed by Domenico Rupolo and painter Cesare Laurentidates from 1907. Look up at the capitals (55) ______ (crown) the columns supporting the roof: they sport fish heads rather than classically correct volutes or acanthus leaves.
【答案与解析】
46 advertising
(该处指“超市里提供各种用保鲜膜包裹着印上日期的，以及我们吃的、广告里宣传的各种牌子的食品”，由给出的字母及文章内容，得出此处应填入advertising。)
47 closure
(该处意思是“开车去城镇边的超市使得家庭商店纷纷倒闭，商业区的大街贬值，购买者、种植者和销售者之间互动降低”，以句意，该空应填入名词，close的名词形式是closure。)
48 role
(该处意思是“超市的角色曾经是由室内集市所承担的”，play the role of 起……作用，扮演……角色。)
49 incomparable
(该处意思是“享受着室内集市所呈现的无可比拟的喧闹以及其给所有感官带来的盛宴”，注意上文中still，指去超市购物的人还是想感受曾在室内集市里独特的闹哄哄的气氛，此处应该使用给出词的否定及形容词形式。)
50 as
(该处意思是“室内集市给城市提供食物的这个角色做得非常好，它们像市政厅以及宗教场所一样重要”。as important as与……同等重要；像……一样重要。)
51 relentless
(该处意思是“即使工厂食品和超市明显地无情崛起，室内集市仍然茁壮成长”。relent温和的；减弱的。文章内容里提到，超市迅猛发展，此处应使用其否定形式。relentless持续强烈的；无情的；残酷的。)
52 think
(该处意思是“大多数游客想起洛杉矶便想到一个大型高速路，在那里几乎没有人想过步行”。think of固定词组，意为“想起；考虑；认为”。)
53 architect
(该处意思是“由英国籍建筑师John B Parkinson设计的”。由文章内容和给出字母，可得出此处应填入architect。)
54 finest
(该处意思是“对于纯粹的建筑美，欧洲和中东有最有建筑美的室内集市。”该空后提示到of all，意指，所有室内集市里最好的，应使用fine的最高级。)
55 crowning
(该处意思是“抬头看看环绕着支撑屋顶的柱子的柱头，它们故意显示成鱼头的形状，而不是古典的螺旋纹和叶片纹。”capital建筑的柱头。column柱子。柱头是环绕在柱子的顶部，因此用crowning。)
There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions using information from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
Section A (5 marks)
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Scientists have identified the likely culprit in a disease that has devastated sea stars along the west coast of North America. Genomic detective work and lab experiments show that the wasting disorder is associated with a previously unknown virus. With the discovery comes a deeper mystery, however, the sea star—killing virus is far from new. The authors of the study found it in museum samples up to 72 years old, so scientists are puzzled about why the current outbreak has been so severe.
“This is probably the most extensive and devastating disease of marine invertebrates that has happened,” says ecologist Bruce Mange of Oregon State University, Corvallis, who was not involved in the new research. “It’s a major concern.”
The enigmatic disease came to broad attention in June 2013, when recreational divers near Vancouver, British Columbia, and Seattle, Washington, began noticing legions of dying sea stars. The sea stars first developed lesions, then began to lose their arms, and finally decayed into piles of skeletal ossicles (bits of calcium carbonate such as a star’s plates and spines). As the year progressed, the disease was seen in more and more locations in the waters off California.
Although there have been minor outbreaks in previous decades, this one is much more widespread, and more than 20 species of sea stars have been afflicted; other kinds of echinoderms, the animal group to which sea stars and sea urchins belong, have not. Researchers have raced to collect samples and conduct laboratory experiments to investigate any pathogens that might be involved. A feature in Science earlier this year, now available for free, examined the mystery.
Scientists sent hundreds of tissue samples to Ian Hewson, a microbial oceanographer at Cornell University. When he sequenced the DNA in the samples, he discovered that a densovirus was more common in the sick stars than in ones that looked healthy. (Densoviruses are known to infect insects, crustaceans, and some sea urchins.) Additional evidence came from experiments conducted by marine ecologist Drew Harvell of Cornell and other researchers, who took tissue from sick sea stars, filtered out everything larger than viruses, and injected the tissue into apparently healthy sea stars. They developed symptoms—and, concurrently, the amount of densovirus in their bodies increased. Other sea stars injected with sterilized tissue did not develop symptoms of the wasting disorder.
“We have very good evidence that this is a densovirus,” Hewson says. But because the virus cannot be grown in culture, scientists cannot satisfy the classic tests for identifying the culprit of a disease: four criteria collectively referred to as Koch’s postulates. The researchers published their results online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences .
Looking for some historical perspective, Hewson tested museum samples of sea stars collected between 1923 and 2010 along the US west coast. The virus existed in healthy-looking specimens from five different years, suggesting it has persisted in the environment. Hewson speculates that the virus may have mutated as it wiped out various species of sea stars, allowing it to infect others. He is also trying to figure out the source of the virus, by analyzing sea stars from around the world, and whether it can infect other kinds of echinoderms.
The biggest question is why the current epidemic has been so bad. A likely situation, Hewson and his colleagues say, is that an overabundance of sea stars increased the transmission of the virus, especially if they were stressed by competition for food, which could make them more vulnerable to infection.
That theory makes sense to marine pathologist Marta Gomez-Chiarri of the University of Rhode Island, Kingston, who was not involved in the new paper. She and her students have been studying an earlier densovirus outbreak on the east coast; populations of sea stars in Rhode Island’s Narragansett Bay abounded before a crash in 2011. It’s not clear whether the same densovirus that caused the west coast die-off is also involved in the eastern declines. Hewson found some densovirus genes in sea stars from Connecticut but did not have enough samples for firm conclusions.
Menge doesn’t think overabundance played a role in the current outbreak among 13 sea star populations that he follows on the coast of Oregon. Instead, he wonders whether ocean acidification, which may also be a source of stress that weakens sea stars, is a possible contributing factor. So far, the evidence is mixed for the role of acidification, Mange admits.
Whatever the cause of the epidemic, Mange says, the demise of purple stars has already led to greater survival of its prey, including barnacles and mussels. As a result, he predicts, the mussels will eventually take over the rocky shore, crowding out many other species of invertebrates. In a way, he adds, the epidemic is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for ecologists to study these predator-prey relationships. But that doesn’t dull the pain of losing familiar and charismatic species. “From a personal standpoint, it’s really disheartening.”
Questions 56 to 60
Mark each statement as either true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.
56 Research on genes shows that the wasting disorder which destroys sea stars may be caused by an unknown but not new virus.
57 The sea stars near Vancouver, British Columbia, Seattle and Washington were noticed dying. They first developed lesions, then decayed into piles of skeletal ossicles and lost their arms at last.
58 Known as viruses that infect insects, crustaceans, and some sea urchins, densoviruses are found more common in the sick stars than in ones that looked healthy.
59 Researchers are curious about why the disease has spread so quickly and some propose that the sharp increase of sea stars brings fiercer competition for food among these creatures, which fastens the transmission of viruses and leaves sea stars exposed to infection.
60 Menge thinks that ocean acidification plays a role in weakening sea stars and the evidence has turned out conclusive.
【答案与解析】
56 T 文章第一段开头便指出“the wasting disorder is associated with a previously unknown virus”，即引发海星大规模萎缩病的元凶与一种先前就已经发现但现在仍然未研究清楚的病毒有联系。故题干描述正确。
57 F 文章第三段指出“The sea stars first developed lesions, then began to lose their arms, and finally decayed into piles of skeletal ossicles”，即“海星先出现皮肤损伤，然后四肢烂掉，最后腐烂成一堆小硬骨”。题干中的顺序错误。
58 T 文章第五段指出“he discovered that a densovirus was more common in the sick stars than in ones that looked healthy. (Densoviruses are known to infect insects, crustaceans, and some sea urchins.)”，即“他发现了一种浓核病毒，相对于健康海星，其在病态海星中更普遍。浓核病毒是感染昆虫、甲壳纲动物及某些海胆的病毒。题干描述符合内容。
59 T 文章第八段内容即指出，科学家们疑惑当前的传染为何如此严重。有一个解释是海星的数量过剩，增加了病毒的传播，尤其是在争夺食物的压力下，它们更容易被感染。题干内容正确。
60 F 文章第十段的内容指出，Menge思索海洋酸化是否是一个可能因素，或许海洋酸化是削弱海星的压力源。该段内容还指出，海洋酸化的作用的证据还很混杂。题干内容与文章不符。
Section B (10 marks)
Questions 61 to 65 ore based on the following passage.
Each time I hear someone say, “Do the math,” I grit my teeth. The phrase reinforces how little awareness there is about the breadth and scope of the subject. Imagine, if you will, using “Do the lit” as an exhortation to spell correctly.
(61) ______ Ideas that inform our existence, that permeate our universe and beyond, that can surprise and enthrall. Perhaps the most intriguing if there is the way infinity is harnessed to deal with the infinite range of decimal numbers—a wonder product offered by mathematics to satisfy any measurement needed, down to an arbitrary number of digits.
(62) ______ One can develop a fairly good understanding of the power and elegance of calculus, say, without actually being able to use it to solve scientific or engineering problems. Think of it this way: you can appreciate art without acquiring the ability to paint, or enjoy a symphony without being able to read music. Math also deserves to be enjoyed for its own sake.
(63) ______ So what math idea can be appreciated without calculation or formulas? One candidate is the origin of numbers. Think of it as a magic trick: harnessing emptiness to create the number zero, then demonstrating how from any whole number, one can create its successor. One from zero, two from one, three from two—a chain reaction of numbers erupts into existence. I still remember when I first experienced this Big Bang of numbers. The walls of my Bombay classroom seemed to blow away, as nascent cardinal numbers streaked through space.
(64) ______ I can almost imagine a yoga instructor asking a class to mediate on what would happen if the number of sides kept increasing indefinitely. Eventually, the sides shrink so much that the kinks start flattering out and the perimeter begins to appear curved. And then you see it: what will emerge is a circle, while at the same time the polygon can never actually become one. The realization is exhilarating—it lights up pleasure centres in your brain. This underlying concept of a limit is one upon which all of calculus is built.
(65)______ For instance, enjoying the eye candy of fractal images—those black, amoeba like splotches surrounded by brands of psychedelic colors—hardly qualifies as making a math connection. But suppose you knew that such an image depicts a mathematical rule that plucks every point from its spot and moves it. Imagine this rule applied over and over again, so that every point hops from location to location. The “amoeba” comprises those well-behaved points that remain hopping around within this black region, while the colored points are more adventurous, loping off toward infinity. Not only does the picture acquire more richness and meaning with this knowledge, it suddenly churns with drama, with activity.
Would you be intrigued enough to find out more—for instance, what the different shades of color signified? Would the Big Bang example make you wonder where negative numbers came from? Could the thrill of recognizing the circle as a limit of polygons lure you into visualizing the sphere as a stack of its circular cross sections, as Archimedes did over 2,000 year ago?
Questions 61 to 65
Choose from the sentences A—G the one which best fits each gap of 61-65. There are two extra sentences, which you do not need to use.
A. As a mathematician, I can attest that my field is about ideas above anything else.
B. Perhaps just as significant, priority can decide who reaps the financial benefits of a new discovery.
C. The more deeply you engage with such ideas, the more rewarding the experience is.
D. For a more contemplative example, gaze at a sequence of regular polygons: a hexagon, an octagon, a decagon, and so on.
E. Sadly, few avenues exist in our society to expose us to mathematical beauty.
F. Despite what most people suppose, many profound mathematical ideas don’t require advanced skills to appreciate.
G. As a scientist, I have seen many erroneous “discoveries”—including one of my own—greeted with substantial publicity.
【答案与解析】
61 A 本文主要讲述数学的美。空缺句均为段首第一句。第一段讲述了很少有人意识到数学这门学科的宽度和广度。第二段主要讲述了数学这门学科覆盖范围很广，并举了十进位数字的例子。由本段第二句的“ideas that”的提示，并结合该段内容，A项是本段的概括句。
62 F 本段主要讲述了并不需要很高深的知识也能领会数学的美，并列举了例子，如不会画画也能欣赏画作，不懂乐谱也能欣赏音乐。F项内容符合该段主要内容。
63 E 本段主要列举了哪些数学概念可以不通过演算和公式即能被欣赏。比如，数字的起源。由本段第二句的问句及上下文内容得知，此处是过渡句。E项表示，遗憾的是，社会上很少有明示出可以怎么领会数学的美。E项过渡自然。
64 D 本段继续上文列举了多边形的边数不断增加将会成为圆的例子。D项是概括本段内容的概括句。
65 C 本段同样举例，主要内容是对分形图的美的理解随着已有知识的加深而加深。选项C指出对数学概念及现象研究越深入，体验越有趣。联系紧密，故选C。
Section C (10 marks)
Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.
On October 2nd, Ashoka Mukpo left his father a voice mail from Monrovia, saying he had “unwelcome but not unexpected news.” Mukpo, an American freelance camera-man for NBC News, had tested positive for Ebola virus. Mukpo’s father, Mitchell Levy, a pulmonologist who heads critical care at Rhode Island Hospital in Providence, immediately helped arrange his son’s transfer to the Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha, one of the four specialized Ebola centres in the United States.
The big question then was how to treat the patient.
The medical team, which included Levy, planned to intensively monitor Mukpo and give him intravenous replacement of fluids and electrolytes, antibiotics to combat also had three unproven treatments available. TKM-Ebola, which inhibits viral RNA, has worked beautifully in monkeys, the best animal model. Kent Brantly, a missionary doctor in Liberia who developed Ebola and recovered, offered to donate plasma removed from his blood, which contained antibodies that might help. And there was brincidofovir, a drug being developed for other viral infections that has been shown to stop Ebola virus in test tubes. The most famous drug candidate, ZMapp, was not available at the time. After careful consideration, Mukpo and his doctors opted to use the serum—a proven intervention with other viruses—and brincidofovir, which has a substantial safety record. But they decided to forgo TKM-Ebola, despite its promise, because of worries that it could trigger overproduction of cytokines, a dangerous inflammatory response also caused by the Ebola virus, and scant data from human trials. “I was not quite on my deathbed and didn’t need to take any huge risks,” Mukpo says. His doctor father had reached a similar conclusion. “I didn’t have a high degree of confidence that brincidofovir was going to work, but I was loath to try an investigational agent with no data,” Levy says.
Mukpo survived, but no one has any idea whether the experimental treatments helped him, did nothing, or even slowed his recovery. The same is true for Brandy and 17 other Ebola patients who received experimental interventions in the United States and Europe. (One other Ebola patient was treated in Germany without any experimental interventions.) Many, like Mukpo, were given several treatments at the same time, making it hard to unravel the impact of anyone of them. The fact that they were taken care of in modern, well-staffed hospitals may also help explain why 75% have survived. “Probably the best we can say is that the experimental treatments are not killing anyone,” says Michael Kurllla, who heads the Office of Biodefense Research Resources and Translational Research at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) in Roekville, Maryland.
Now, that’s about to change. As early as next month, researchers will begin trials in West Africa to find a solid answer to the key question: Do the treatments work? Carried out in makeshift emergency hospitals by researchers wearing full protective gear in the middle of a deadly epidemic, these will be some of the most unusual drug trials ever done. And they also raise major ethical and practical questions, some of which were intensely debated at a World Health Organization (WHO) meeting in Geneva, Switzerland, on November 11th and 12th. Perhaps the most important one: Is it right to do randomized controlled trials (RCTs), in which some people don’t get the novel intervention? Doctors without Borders (MSF), which has led the medical response to the outbreak, says no—not with a disease as deadly as Ebola. Instead, on November 13th MSF said it will take part in three trials that will use an alternative design in which everyone who enrolls receives the untested treatment. But others argue that such setups may not give clear answers and squander a precious scientific opportunity.
It’s an uncomfortable and complex debate held under extreme time pressure. “Everyone has stepped outside of their comfort zone in a big way,” says Peter Horby of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, who is leading one of the upcoming trials and attended the WHO meeting.
Questions 66 to 70
Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage.66. What did the medical team contemplate doing in Mukpo’s case?
66 What did the medical team contemplate doing in Mukpo’s case?
67 What are the advantages and disadvantages of TKM-Ebola?
68 Is the experimental treatment Mukpo received proved to be effective? Why?
69 What is the objective of the trials conducted in West Africa?
70 Among the heated ethical and practical questions, which is the most important one causing a heated discussion among researchers?
【答案与解析】
66 It planned to intensively monitor Mukpo and give him intravenous replacement of fluids and electrolytes, antibiotics to combat secondary infections, and drugs to slow diarrhea and vomiting.
(根据题干中关键词“contemplate”定位至文章第三段第一句，可知答案。)
67 It can inhibit viral RNA and work beautifully in monkeys. But it could trigger overproduction of cytokines, a dangerous inflammatory response also caused by the Ebola virus.
(由关键词TKM-Ebola定位至第三段第二句。“has worked beautifully in monkeys”为该疗法的优点。该疗法的缺点在本段第七句明确给出。)
68 No, he was given several treatments at the same time, making it hard to unravel the impact of any one of them.
(答案在文中明确给出，参见第四段第四句。)
69 To find out whether the treatment works.
(答案在文中明确给出，参见第五段第二句“To find a solid answer to the key question: Do the treatments work?”。)
70 It is “Is it right to do randomized controlled trials (RCTs), in which some people don’t get the novel intervention?”.
(答案在文中明确给出，参见第五段第五句。)
Section D (10 marks)
Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.
China will speed up legislation covering activities in space to make better use of the nation’s assets and boost space-related industries, according to senior officials.
“As China puts more and more assets into space, conflicts involving our increasing number of activities, limited resources and space debris have become noticeable,” Tian Yulong, secretary-general of the China National Space Administration, told reporters on the sidelines of an international workshop on space law that opened in Beijing on Monday.
Officials and experts from more than 30 nations and international organizations are taking part in the four-day event, which was hosted by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization and the administration.
“The safety of our assets in space depends largely on the enforcement of international space law and our domestic law that governs space activities,” Tian said, adding that the laws also play an important role in managing and fostering space-related industries, which have been enjoying rapid growth in China.
“The market for space-related technologies, data and intellectual property is expanding very fast and has a promising future, so now is the right time for us to make and implement a space law to regulate the market,” Tian said.
Currently, China is the only space power in the world with no space law. By contrast, more than 30 countries, including the United States, Russia and France, have long had a comprehensive legal framework to guide space exploration. Those countries’ space-related industries have benefited greatly from the enforcement of their respective space laws, experts say.
China has established a set of regulations to govern its space activities, ranging from the launching of spacecraft and registration of space objects to measures to mitigate and reduce space debris, said Xu Dazhe, director of the Chinese administration. He pledged to cooperate closely with lawmakers to accelerate the introduction of a comprehensive space law, which has been included in the national legislative agenda.
The proposed space law is set to regulate the planning of space activities, to control the use of resources and technology transfers, to guarantee the sustainable development of China’s space exploration and to promote international cooperation in space-related fields, Tian said.
Hu Hao, a senior expert with China’s lunar exploration program, said that space law is one of the pillars of the country’s “soft power”, and the government should draw up and publish the law as soon as possible.
“Furthermore, compared with the past—where space activities only involved government departments—an increasing number of institutes and business entities have now been active in the field, with the rapid expansion of a space-related market that requires a foundation of law on which to restructure the current management system,” he said.
Bao Weimin, a space technology researcher and political adviser to the government, said China’s space activities are administered by a number of government bodies and industry organizations, and a body of law should establish an integrated management mechanism and make their responsibilities clear.
Questions 71 to 75
Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank.
Senior officials announced that China will promote (71) ______ in space to exploit the nation’s assets and escalate space-related industries.
Officials and experts from more than 30 nations and international organizations are taking part in the four-day event, which was hosted by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization and the administration. They agree that the (72) ______ of international space law in space will strengthen space assets safety and have positive effect on managing and fostering space-related industries which are growing fast in China.
Currently, more than 30 countries, including the United States, Russia and France, except China, have built a (73) ______ to guide space exploration. China has established a set of regulations to govern its space activities, including the launching of spacecraft and registration ______ of space objects; and measures to (74) ______ space debris. The proposed space law is set to regulate the planning of space activities, to control the use of resources and technology transfers, to (75) ______ China’s space exploration and to promote international cooperation in space-related fields.
【答案与解析】
71 legislation covering activities
(文章第一段内容即明确给出答案，中国将会加速太空活动相关立法，以促进国家资产的利用及太空相关产业的发展。speed up加速；使加速。)
72 enforcement
(由题干中的“international space law”以及“space assets safety”定位至文章第四段。第四段指出“The safety of our assets in space depends largely on the enforcement of international space law and our domestic law…rapid growth in China”，由文章内容得出此处应填入enforcement。)
73 comprehensive legal framework
(由题干中“30 countries”定位至文章第五段。第五段指出“…30 countries…have long had a comprehensive legal framework to guide space exploration”，即30多个国家很早就出台了全面的法律来规范太空探索。)
74 mitigate and reduce
(由题干中“regulations to govern”定位至文章第六段。第六段指出“regulations to govern its space activities… measures to mitigate and reduce space debris”，得知这些太空管理条例里也包含了缓和减轻太空残骸的措施。)
75 guarantee
(由题干中“the proposed space law”和“use of resources”定位至文章第七段。第七段指出“The proposed space law…to guarantee the sustainable development of China’s space exploration…”，得知此处应填入guarantee。)
Section A (5 marks)
Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
76 It is simple enough to say that since books have classes—fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author: try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice. If you hang back, reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read.
【参考译文】
说来容易，书既然有小说、传记、诗歌各种文体之分，就应把它们分类，从各类书中汲取每本书理应给予我们的东西。然而，很少有人思考书本能够给我们带来哪些知识这个问题。最普遍的现象是，我们拿到书时，心思模糊不一。我们要求小说是真实的，诗歌是虚假的，传记要奉承谄媚，史书要加深我们自己的偏见。读书时如果能抛开这些先入之见，便是极好的开端。不要对作者指手画脚，而要尽力替他设想，与其共同创作，共同策划。如果你不参与，不投入，而且一开始就批评，那你就无缘从书中获得最大的益处。
【解析】
①句式结构
材料节选自弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫散文中的第一段话。“Most commonly…our own prejudices.”句子较长，但结构较简单，前面为简单句，后面asking引导的都作句子的状语，但翻译时应注意句子成分的转换。因为本句的asking状语句子占绝大部分，如果以状语出现，势必使句子结构失衡，故将状语转译为主句中的并列谓语，平衡句子，并使句子有一种排列的气势。同时，这里将定语从句转化为谓语，也是别具匠心的。“Be his fellow-worker and accomplice”中accomplice本意指“同谋”或“帮凶”，具有贬义，但基于文段感情，翻译时应译为褒义或中性意义，如“共同创作”。
②重点词汇
blurred adj. 模糊不清的；被弄污的
flattering adj. 奉承的；谄媚的
enforce v. 实施，执行；强迫
preconception n. 偏见；先入之见；预想
dictate v. 命令；口述
accomplice n. 同谋者；共犯
Section B (10 marks)
Translate the following sentences into English by using the hints given in brackets. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
77 由于有先进的定制加工技术，如今贴纸在美国南方也开始流行起来。(thanks to...)
【答案】 Thanks to the advanced custom-manufacturing technology, stickers have also begun to become popular in the south of America.
【解析】 thanks to为习语介词短语，意为“由于……；多亏……”，to表示针对的对象。由原文中的“如今”得知，译文适合使用现在完成时。定制加工技术可译为“custom-manufacturing technology”。
78 我们已经把今年拨给我们的全部经费都花光了。(allocation)
【答案】 We’ve spent our entire allocation for the year.
【解析】 由原句中“已经”得知，译文应使用现在完成时。allocation意为“分配；划拨的款项；拨给的场地”，可以表述原句中的“拨给我们的经费”。
79 没有希望的日子是不可想象的。人必须天天有点盼头，生活才会充实。(look forward to)
【答案】 Days without hope would be unimaginable. There must be something to look forward to each day to enrich our life.
【解析】 短语“look forward to”意为“期待；盼望”，该处to为介词。“生活才会充实”可以使用表目的的to do短语译为to enrich our life，也可以使用in order to。
80 我们要以信息共享增进彼此了解，以互相帮助深化区域合作。(regional cooperation)
【答案】 We need to enhance our mutual understanding by information sharing, and to deepen regional cooperation through mutual help.
【解析】 原句中两个并列结构“以……增进/帮助”，译文可以使用“to do sth. by/through (doing) sth.”的结构，并用and连接这两个并列成分。增进enhance。“共享”和“互相”均可使用mutual表示。
81 她穿那些衣服也并没显得更漂亮。(enhance)
【答案】 Those clothes do nothing to enhance her appearance.
【解析】 enhance增强；加强。原句主语是“她”，由括号里所给词，得知译文可将“那些衣服”作为主语。enhance sb.’s beauty使某人更漂亮。
Proofread the passage as required. Each indicated line contains a maximum of one error. Correct the passage in the following ways: for a right line, put the sign______“ √ ” in the corresponding blank; for a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank; for a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with the sign______“∧” and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank; for an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with the sign______“\” and put the word with the sign in the blank. Write the answers on the answer sheet.
【答案与解析】
82 slight→slightly
(原句中，形容词sour修饰名词taste，slight修饰sour，slight和sour均为形容词。应使用副词slightly来修饰形容词sour，表示“轻微地酸的”。)
83 rarely→rare
(原句中，rarely和neurological同时修饰phenomenon，phenomenon为名词，应使用形容词修饰。rare neurological phenomenon意为“十分罕见的神经学现象”。)
84 hear→hearing
(imagine (doing) sth.想象做……。原句中imagine和hear均为动词，应将hear改为名词形式hearing，意为“听力；听见……声音”。)
85 that→when
(原句that后的从句句意完整不缺少主宾语成分，应使用可以作状语的疑问副词when。原句意思为“他们能听见声音即使那里并没有声音源”。)
86 shape→shapes
(原句中shape后所使用的是“or certain colors”是复数形式，原句意思应为“看见某些图形和特定的颜色”。应使用shape的复数形式，表示“图形；形状”。)
87 with→for
(原句意思为“该现象现实中的神经学处理过程仍然是个谜”。短语account for意为“解释；说明……的原因”。依据原句意思可得出该处不应使用with。)
88 去掉but
(although引导的从句可以与yet和still连用，但是不能与but或however连用。)
89 observation→observations
(原句中observation前使用的是several interesting，同时observation为可数名词，应使用其复数形式。)
90 √
91 √
There are five IQ Test questions in this part. Write your answers on the answer sheet.
92 Add one letter, not necessarily the same letter, to each word at the front, end or middle to find two words that are synonyms.
COOK, HEAT
【答案】 R and C (Crook, Cheat)
【解析】 分别添加R和C，将原单词变为crook和cheat。crook骗子；坏蛋；钩状物。cheat欺骗；作弊；骗子。
93 Sequence
Which option below continues the above sequence?
【答案】 d
【解析】 依据图片找规律，每次变化时，有重叠部分的两个图形被两个新图形取代，依次变化，得知d为正确答案。
94 Change the position of four words only in the sentence below in order for it to make complete sense.
Peacekeeping has always been conducted with the differences of the disputants, who at the very least agree to consent to settle their safety and not endanger the attempt of the peacekeeping forces.
【答案】 Peacekeeping has always been conducted with the consent of the disputants, who at the very least agree to attempt to settle their differences and not endanger the safety of the peacekeeping forces.
【解析】 四个单词分别为differences，agree，safety和attempt。调换后句子的意思为“维和行动总是在经争论者们同意之后才得以进行，而这些争论者们能同意的最起码的条件便是该行动并不危及他们的维和部队的安全。”
95 Complete the two eight-letter words reading clockwise which must be opposite in meaning. In each word you must find the starting point and provide the two missing letters.
【答案】 eloquent; hesitant
【解析】 左边填入字母O和N，右边填入字母S和N，分别构成单词eloquent，意为“雄辩的；有口才的”，和hesitant，意为“迟疑的；踌躇的”。
96 Can you rearrange each of these sets of letter blocks into a word?
WE UN AR DER
EN ER GRE EV
MU TY NI COM
【答案】 underwear; evergreen; community
【解析】 依次组合所给字母，分别得出单词underwear，evergreen和community。
Environment problems have caused public concern recently. The table below describes water use in England and Wales.
Write a report of no less than 100 words describing the information shown above on the answer sheet.
【参考范文】
Over the period between 2000 and 2012, water abstractions by industry group in England and Wales show different tendencies. The public water supply reaches the peak at 6,340.1 million cubic metres in 2005 and decreases gradually after that. The electricity supply decreases after 2002, and hits the minimum in 2005, before rising again. Water used for spray irrigation and agriculture reaches the maximum at 1,690.4 million cubic metres in 2003 and began to decline afterwards. Fish farming water abstraction and private water supply show a decline trend in general. In general, the water abstraction in industry groups, except the electricity supply, on the whole shows a decline trend over the span of 12 years.
Write on the following topic.
President Xi Jinping and First Lady Peng Liyuan appeared at a state banquet in a formal traditional Chinese suit, which are praised for displaying the leader’s national pride and confidence in Chinese culture. There are voices saying China should have its own formal traditional Chinese suit and suggesting officials should wear the suit. It not only meets international diplomatic norms, but also manifests China’s ethnic style on formal occasions.
What do you think of this suggestion? Write an essay of no less than 160 words in an appropriate style on the answer sheet.
【参考范文】
Traditional Chinese Suit for National Leaders on Formal Occasions
The spotlight was stolen when President Xi Jinping and First Lady Peng Liyuan attended a state banquet dressed in formal traditional Chinese suit, which stirred up streams of praise for their pride and confidence in Chinese culture. Methinks it a great idea for national leaders to wear traditional national suit on formal occasions.
In the first place, traditional Chinese suit, as a symbol of Chinese history and culture, boosts national confidence and integrity. The time-honoured attire will remind all who see it of Chinese traditional history and culture, instilling in them a sense of national unity. On the other hand, it would be a great opportunity to introduce Chinese history and culture to the world if leaders wear it on formal occasions. Moreover, it is a convention for leaders wear garments that can display their own culture on important formal occasions. When President Obama wears the typical western-tradition suits and African leaders are dressed in unique clothes showcasing their nations, there is no reason for Chinese leaders not to wear our own suit.
To put all in a nutshell, the idea that Chinese leaders wear traditional Chinese suit on formal occasions not only enhances national confidence but shows our respect for tradition and culture.