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【知识精要】
当句子中的主语、宾语、状语、主语补足语、宾语补足语、从句需要强调时，就要使用强调句。强调句句型可以分为以下三类：
1 陈述句的强调句型
It is/ was＋被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）＋that（which,who, whom）＋其他部分。被强调的指人时，要用who或that；被强调的指物时，要用which或that；被强调部分是状语时，只能用that。此外，如果被强调的是主语，使用主格；如果强调的是宾语，使用宾格。
例： ①It is you who are to blame.
该被责怪的人是你。
②It isProfessor Wang whom we called on at his office yesterday.
昨天我们在他的办公室拜访的是王教授。
③It is yourintelligence that cuts the Gordian knot which we cannot untie.
是你的智慧一举解开了我们无法解开的难题。
④It is thisbook that (which) ranked first on the sales list.
在销售榜上排行第一的就是这本书。
2 一般疑问句的强调句型
Is/ Was it＋被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）＋that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）＋其他部分。
例： Was it you thattalked to Professor Li yesterday? 昨天是你和李教授谈话吗？
3 特殊疑问句的强调句型
被强调部分（特殊疑问词）＋is/ was＋it＋that/who＋其他部分。
例： Why is it that youput off the meeting? 你为什么延期举行会议?
【专项练习】
1．Itis not who is right ______（而是什么是对的尤为重要）.
2．______（是在得到他梦寐以求的东西后） thathe realized it was not so important.
3．______（是从事该工作的能力有关紧要）, not where you came from or what you are.
4．Was it in 1969 ______（美国宇航员成功地登上月球吗）?
5．______（与其说是语言不如说是背景知识）thatmakes the book difficult to understand.
6．It was in the small house which was built withstones by his father ______（他度过了短暂且无忧无虑的童年）.
7．It was this scene of failure ______（使他决定在新生活中不遗余力地争取成功）.
8． ______（是在当地导游的帮助下）that themountain climber was rescued.
9．It’s my mother ______（一直鼓励我不要灰心）when I have difficulties in my studies．
10．______（是为了帮助灾区人们）that Meimeihas contributed her money given to her as lunar New Year gift.
11．______（是因为恶劣的天气）that thefootball match had to be put off.
12．It ______（真正重要的在于对树木的保护）,rather than how many trees are planted.
13．When I try to understand ______（到底是什么妨碍了美国人不能那么幸福）one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.
14．______（是面试时的紧张）that probablylost him the job.
15．I don’t mind her criticizing me, but ______（我反对的是她批评我的方式）.
【答案与解析】
1．[答案] but what is right that is of importance
[解析]考查it is…that强调句型。①“不是…而是…”为not…but…；②“尤为重要”的表达为be of importance；③强调结构中缺少强调连词that，翻译时不要忘记。
2．[答案] It was after he got what he had desired
[解析] 考查由it is…that引导的强调句型，强调时间状语“在得到梦寐以求的东西后”，该句可以用after引导的时间状语从句表示。
3．[答案] It is the ability to do the job that matters
[解析] 考查强调句。①“从事该工作的能力”可译为theability to do the job；②“有关紧要”的常用表达为动词matter。
4．[答案] that the American astronaut succeeded inlanding on the moon
[解析] 考查强调句型。①it was in 1969 that…强调时间状语；②“成功地做某事”为succeed in doing sth.；③“登上月球”一般译作land on the moon；④注意“宇航员”astronaut的拼写。
5．[答案] It is not so much the language as the background
[解析] 考查强调句型。“not so much …as…”意为“与其说是…，还不如说是…”。
6．[答案] that he spent his short and carefree childhood
[解析]考查强调句型。“度过童年”可译为spend one’s childhood；“暂的且无忧无虑的”可用short and carefree 表示。
7．[答案] that made him determine to make no efforts to strive for success inhis new life
[解析] 考查强调句型。①“使某人做某事”makesb. do sth.；②“决定做某事”determine to do sth.；③“不遗余力地做某事”make no efforts to do sth.；④“争取成功”可译为strive for success。
8．[答案] It was only with thehelp of the local guide
[解析] 考查强调句型it is…that的用法。“在…的帮助下”一般译为with the help of …。
9．[答案] who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart
[解析] 强调句型it’s… that/who…；鼓励某人（不）做某事为“encourage sb. (not)to do sth.”；“灰心”用词组lose heart表示
10．[答案] It is for helping thepeople in disaster area
[解析]翻译部分是强调目的状语从句，“为了做”用for doing表示；“灾区”用disaster area表示。
11．[答案] It was because of badweather
[解析]强调原因状语从句；“因为”用because of表示。
12．[答案] is the protection forthe trees that really matters
[解析]强调句，“重要”用matter表示；“对…的保护”用protection for...表示。
13．[答案] what it is thatprevents so many Americans from being happy
[解析]“prevent sb. from doingsth.”表示妨碍（阻止）某人做某事；强调部分本为：it is what that prevents so many...，又因为句中有疑问词，应写为： what is it that prevents so...，但强调句式在句中作宾语成分，故正确写法为：what it isthat...。
14．[答案] It was his nervousnessin the interview
[解析]强调句型；“在面试中”用in the interview表示；“紧张”是nervousness。
15．[答案] it is how she does itthat I object to
[解析]考查it is ...that...这一强调句句型；“她批评我的方式”可用how/the way she does it表示；“反对”常用固定搭配object to。