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With the rapid development of science and technology and the constant changes of insurance demand， insurance products and insurance services based on new quality productivity such as Big Data， Artificial Intelligence and Biotechnology have gradually emerged， and insurance technology companies have emerged．
At present， there is no agreed definition of InsurTech companies in academia and the industry． According to the definition of InsurTech in this book， InsurTech companies should refer to companies that are based on the integration of new quality productivity and insurance industry， and maximize profits with various innovative insurance products and insurance services as their main businesses． According to the development depth of InsurTech， InsurTech companies can be roughly divided into three categories：professional InsurTech companies， traditional insurance companies that have established InsurTech departments， and technology companies involved in insurance．
（1） Professional InsurTech startups refer to startups that have been established for a short period of time， usually by young entrepreneurs， and are dedicated to the field of InsurTech．Such companies focus on promoting the digital transformation and innovative development of the insurance industry．
（2） Traditional insurance companies that have established InsurTech departments refer to traditional insurance companies that have established departments specifically engaged in technology research and development and innovation， and these departments are working to promote the digital transformation and technology upgrading of the company．
（3） On the one hand， technology companies involved in insurance refer to companies that carry out insurance business through technological advantages and massive data； on the other hand， it refers to technology companies that provide professional services for the insurance industry．
The operation mode of InsurTech companies is very diversified， which can be roughly divided into three categories 2A， 2B， 2C．
2A mode is mainly embodied in the form of agent platform， which provides insurance product sales platform and other services for insurance agents to meet the business needs of agents to design insurance product planning remotely and guide customers to apply online insurance． At the same time， Internet technology is used to improve the work efficiency of agents．The current profit model of 2A platform is mainly supported by commission income．
2B mode is mainly insurance IT companies， health insurance service providers and other insurance technology companies， through the use of technology infrastructure to expand channels， optimize sales and claims costs， improve the operating efficiency of the client and the middle and back office， and use technology to carry out certain product and service innovation，specific auto insurance risk control， health insurance risk control， auto insurance claims and other businesses． Specifically， 2B model participants come from a wider range of sources， including insurance companies， corporate insurance customers， insurance intermediaries， pharmaceutical factories， pharmacies， hospitals， automobile manufacturers， etc．
Under the 2C model， insurance products are directly oriented to individual customers，mainly in the form of online insurance market， price comparison platform， KOL agent and mutual aid platform． Online insurance market can face individual customers， insurance agents or brokers， and insurance product suppliers， and such platforms are usually free for individual customers． The premium paid through the premium contract reached through the platform will be shared with the platform in a certain proportion， or the insurance intermediary needs to pay a certain proportion of commission or service fees to the platform． This model is applicable to insurance products in the online insurance market， which are designed for specific scenarios or groups of people．
A good business environment can provide more support and orderly development opportunities for the insurance technology industry， attract more investment and talents for the industry， and enhance the overall competitiveness and sustainable development ability of the industry． Compared with the mature industry， the InsurTech industry in its initial stage will face more uncertainties and fiercer competition， which requires the society to create a good business environment for its sustainable development， which involves at least the following three aspects：
The policy environment is critical for InsurTech companies． The government's policy initiatives in InsurTech regulation， tax policy and insurance market opening will have a profound impact on the development of InsurTech companies． At present， the Party Central Committee，The State Council， relevant ministries and governments at all levels attach great importance to optimizing the business environment， put forward the policy guidelines of new quality productivity enabling the insurance industry to help insurance reform， encourage continuous innovation in the insurance market， and provide multiple support policies for insurance technology companies．
InsurTech involves legal issues such as data application and privacy protection of customers． A sound legal system is a prerequisite for the sustainable development of insurance technology， which can safeguard the rights and interests of insurance technology companies and customers， protect the interests of both insurers， and provide stable operation guarantee for insurance companies． At present， China's relevant legal system attaches great importance to the supervision and compliance of insurance technology companies， but the relevant legal provisions need to be further improved．
The insurance market is the main place for the development of insurance technology． An orderly competitive market environment is the prerequisite for the sustainable development of InsurTech companies． At present， the InsurTech market is still in its infancy． The relevant market rules and industry standards have yet to be established and improved， and the market order needs to be further standardized．