鹤形目

红胸田鸡 Ruddy-breasted Crake
Zapornia fusca

小型涉禽
体长 21~23 cm

虹膜 /iris

红色 /red

嘴 /bill

暗褐色 /grey

脚 /legs and feet

橘红色 /red

目 │ 鹤形目GRUIFORMES 科 │ 秧鸡科Rallidae

野外识别 │ 额、头顶、头侧和胸栗红色，枕、背至尾上覆羽暗橄榄褐色，飞羽及尾羽暗褐色。喉白色，腹灰褐色，尾下覆羽黑褐色，具白色横斑。雌鸟与雄鸟相似，但胸部栗红色较淡，喉白。幼鸟色较深。

居留及分布 │ 分布于亚洲东部、东南部和南部，国内分布较广。在南岭为留鸟，不易见，乳阳有分布。

生境及习性 │ 栖息于沼泽、湖滨与河岸的草丛与灌丛，以及水塘、水稻田和沿海滩涂。性胆小，善奔跑和匿藏，常在黎明、黄昏和夜间活动，善游泳，不常飞行。主要以水生昆虫、软体动物，以及水生植物的叶、芽、种子为食。繁殖期 3—7 月。成对营巢于水边的草丛和灌丛的地面上，巢甚隐蔽。窝卵数 5~9 枚，卵淡粉红色或乳白色。

Field identification │ A small dumpy crake with uniformly dark brown crown and upperparts,chestnut forehead, face and underparts, and broad black and white bars on the vent and undertail coverts. Juveniles are dark brown above with pale and indistinctly barred underparts.

Distribution & status │ Widely distributed in temperate and tropical Asia from Pakistan east to the Sakhalin Island and Japan and south to Indonesia and the Philippines. Subspecies erythrothorax breeds in central, southern and eastern China, with northern populations wintering further south. In Nanling, it is recorded at Ruyang.

Habitat & habits │ Ruddy-breasted Crakes occur singly or in pairs in winter on marshes, wet farmland, streams and ditches, and tend to be secretive. They feed on aquatic insects and their larvae,molluscs, and the seeds and shoots of marsh plants.