山斑鸠 Oriental Turtle Dove
Streptopelia orientalis

中型鸠鸽
体长 33~35 cm

虹膜 /iris

金黄色 /yellow to red

嘴 /bill

蓝灰色 /blue-grey

脚 /legs and feet

粉红色 /purplish-red

目 │ 鸽形目COLUMBIFORMES 科 │ 鸠鸽科Columbidae

野外识别 │ 上体红褐色，颈基两侧有黑色和蓝灰色斑块。下体主要为葡萄酒红褐色。尾黑色，具灰白色端斑，飞翔时极为醒目。叫声为“ kroo kroo-kroo kroo ”。

居留及分布 │ 分布于喜马拉雅山脉、印度、亚洲东北部等地。在国内分布广泛，在南岭一年四季可见，但数量少；在秤架、大东山、龙潭角、大顶山、乳阳等地均有记录。

生境及习性 │ 栖息于低山丘陵、公园、果园和农田及宅旁竹林和树上。常成对或成小群活动。主要以各种植物的果实、种子、嫩叶、幼芽为食，也吃农作物，有时也吃鳞翅目幼虫、甲虫等昆虫。繁殖期 4—7 月。营巢于森林、宅旁竹林、灌丛中或孤树上，巢呈盘状，结构松散。窝卵数 2 枚，卵椭圆形、白色。

Field identification │ A medium-sized, rather bulky dove. Adults have a pinkish-brown head,a prominent black-barred neck patch, scaly rufous-fringed scapulars and wing-coverts, grey rump and uppertail coverts, and a black tail with a pale grey tip. Juveniles are overall duller and lack the neck barring.

Distribution & status │ Breeds from C Asia and Afghanistan east across Russia and the Himalayas to Korea, Japan, eastern China and Taiwan, with northern populations wintering further south. The nominate subspecies occurs in much of China. In Nanling, it has been found in all seasons,but is not common, with small numbers recorded at Chengjia, Dadongshan, Longtanjiao, Dadingshan and Ruyang.

Habitat & habits │ Oriental Turtle Doves occur in a wide variety of wooded areas, including forest, forest edge, urban parks, orchards, bamboo groves and farmland, and often gather in flocks in winter. They feed on fruits, seeds, leaves and buds supplemented by Lepidoptera larvae, beetles and other insects. Their breeding season lasts from April to July. The nest is variously built in a forest or near human habitation, in a tall tree, low bush or in bamboo.