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onset /ˈɑːnset/
考 n. 开始 start or beginning of something
例 the onset of winter 冬天的来临
近 start
rudimentary /ˌruːdɪˈmentri/
考 adj. 原始的；基础的 very basic and not advanced
例 a rudimentary society 一个原始社会
近 primitive, basic
pertinent /ˈpɜːrtnənt/
考 adj. 相关的 direct relating to something
例 pertinent information 相关信息
近 relevant
bustling /ˈbʌslɪŋ/
考 adj. 繁忙的；熙熙攘攘的 full of busy and lively people
例 a bustling town 一个繁忙的镇子
近 lively, busy
aggregate /ˈæɡrɪɡət/
考 adj. 合计的 be added together
例 an increase in the aggregate production 总产量的增长
近 combined
anarchy /ˈænərki/
考 n. 无序，混乱 no order
例 The classroom is close to anarchy . 教室几乎一片混乱。
近 disorder
precipitate /prɪˈsɪpɪteɪt/
考 v. 促成…发生 to cause something to happen suddenly
例 precipitate the worst crisis 造成最严重的危机
近 bring about, trigger, induce, provoke
multitudinous /ˌmʌltɪˈtuːdɪnəs/
考 adj. 大量的 many
例 multitudinous questions 很多问题
近 a great many
timid /ˈtɪmɪd/
考 adj. 胆小的 not having courage or confidence
例 a timid child 一个胆小的孩子
近 fearful, diffident
retard /rɪˈtɑːrd/
考 v. 减速 to delay the development of something
例 retard the growth of many plants 减缓许多植物生长
近 slow down
remnant /ˈremnənt/
考 n. 剩余物 the thing left
例 the remnants of a meal 剩菜剩饭
近 remains
involved /ɪnˈvɑːlvd/
考 adj. 复杂的 difficult to understand
例 The cause of global warming is quite involved .
全球变暖的原因相当复杂。
近 complicated, complex, intricate, elaborate
pronounced /prəˈnaʊnst/
考 adj. 明显的 noticeable
例 The effect is even more pronounced . 效果更加明显。
近 striking, marked, strongest
diverse /daɪˈvɜːrs/
考 adj. 多种多样的 different from each other
例 The diets of dinosaurs are diverse . 恐龙的饮食多种多样。
近 varied, heterogeneous
comprise /kəmˈpraɪz/
考 v. 组成，包含 to include or consist of
例 the structure comprising three bones 三块骨头组成的结构
近 make up, compose
consume /kənˈsuːm/
考 v. 吃，喝 to eat or drink
例 They consume three cakes per day. 他们每天吃三个蛋糕。
近 devour
contract /kənˈtrækt/
考 v. 收缩 to become smaller or narrower
例 Metal contracts as it cools. 金属遇冷收缩。
近 shorten, shrink
phenomenon /fəˈnɑːmɪnən/
考 n. 现象 (pl. phenomena) something that happens or exists in reality
例 Science rests on phenomena . 科学以现象为依据。
近 occurrence
potential /pəˈtenʃl/
考 adj. 可能的 likely to develop
例 potential customer 潜在客户
近 possible
考 n. 能力a natural ability to do
例 a student with great potential 一个有巨大潜力的学生
近 capacity
impact /ˈɪmpækt/
考 n. 影响 effect or influence
例 the impact of Industrial Revolution 工业革命的影响
近 effect
promote /prəˈməʊt/
考 v. 促进 to help something develop or increase
例 promote cooperation 促进合作
近 encourage
constant /ˈkɑːnstənt/
考 adj. 不变的 staying the same
例 travel at a constant speed 以不变的速度行进
近 unchanging
be attributed to
考 被归因于 be caused by
例 His success is attributed to luck. 他的成功被归因于运气。
近 be credited to, be ascribed to
retreat /rɪˈtriːt/
考 v. 消退，撤退 to move back, gradually gets smaller
例 glacier retreats 冰川消退
近 recede, withdraw
ratio /ˈreɪʃiəʊ/
考 n. 比例 relationship in quantity between two amounts
例 ratio between profits and incomes 利润与收入之比
近 proportion
traditionally /trəˈdɪʃənəli/
考 adv. 传统上 existing for a long time
例 Traditionally , mothers have stayed home with their children. 传统上，母亲在家照顾孩子。
近 typically
restricted /rɪˈstrɪktɪd/
考 adj. 受限的 small or limited
例 in such a restricted space 在如此小的空间
近 cramped, confined
readily /ˈredɪli/
考 adv. 爽快地 quickly and easily
例 He readily agreed to help us. 他爽快地同意帮助我们。
近 easily
virtually /ˈvɜːrtʃuəli/
考 adv. 几乎 almost
例 Virtually all students come to school by bus. 几乎所有学生都是公交车上学。
近 almost, practically
exhaust /ɪɡˈzɔːst/
考 v. 用完 to use all of something
例 exhaust all the fuels 用完所有燃料
近 use up, drain
appreciate /əˈpriːʃieɪt/
考 v. 理解，明白 to understand something
例 appreciate the significance of something 理解某事的意义
近 comprehend
accidental /ˌæksɪˈdentl/
考 adj. 意外的 happening without being planned
例 We insure against all damage, accidental or otherwise. 我们的保险包括一切意外或其他损失。
近 by chance, unintentional
modify /ˈmɑːdɪfaɪ/
考 v. 修改 to change something slightly
例 modify the policy 修改政策
近 change
drastically /ˈdræstɪkli/
考 adv. 大幅度地 dramatically; greatly
例 The movements of fluids can drastically alter a planet. 液体的流动能极大地改变一个星球。
近 extensively, greatly, severely
prohibit /prəˈhɪbɪt/
考 v. 阻止 to forbid or prevent something
例 Fishing is prohibited . 禁止捕鱼。
近 prevent, preclude
ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/
考 adv. 最后 finally
例 a long but ultimately successful campaign 一场持久但是最后成功的运动
近 eventually
keep pace with
考 跟上，保持同步 happen as quickly as before
例 The expansion of foods kept pace with population growth. 食物（种类）的增加满足了人口增长。
近 match the increase in
capacity /kəˈpæsəti/
考 n. 容量，能力 the amount of space or a container
例 a maximum capacity of 200 gallons of water 最大容积200加仑水
近 available storage
inevitable /ɪnˈevɪtəbl/
考 adj. 不可避免的 certain to happen and impossible to be avoided
例 Global warming seems inevitable . 全球变暖似乎不可避免。
近 unavoidable
surpass /sərˈpæs/
考 v. 超过 to be better or greater
例 surpass expectations 超过预期
近 exceed, be higher than, go beyond
curious /ˈkjʊriəs/
考 adj. 奇怪的，好奇的 strange or unusual
例 a curious coincidence 一个奇怪的巧合
近 strange
accumulate /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/
考 v. 积累to gradually get more and more
例 Some chemicals can accumulate in the body.
一些化学物质可以在体内积累。
近 build up, increase
simultaneously /ˌsaɪmlˈteɪniəsli/
考 adv. 同时 at the same time
例 proceed simultaneously 同时进行
近 at the same time
abruptly /əˈbrʌptli/
考 adv. 突然 suddenly and unexpectedly
例 The path ends off abruptly . 路突然到尽头了。
近 suddenly
attest to
考 证实 to prove something true
例 High grades of students do not attest to the quality of school. 学员的高分不能证实学校的质量。
近 provide evidence of, verify, establish the truth of, substantiate, confirm
deficient /dɪˈfɪʃnt/
考 adj. 缺少的 not enough
例 deficient in iron 缺铁
近 inadequate, insufficient
preservative /prɪˈzɜːrvətɪv/
考 n. 防腐剂 something that is used to prevent things from decaying
例 food preservative 食品防腐剂
近 something that keeps food fresh
reflect /rɪˈflekt/
考 v. 反映出 to show or be a sign of a particular situation or feeling
例 TOEFL grades reflect students' levels of English. 托福成绩反映出学生的英文水平。
近 indicate
tie /taɪ/
考 n. 联系，关系 a strong relationship between people
例 economic/diplomatic/political ties 经济/外交/政治关系
近 connection
modest /ˈmɑːdɪst/
考 adj. 少量的，适度的 small
例 a modest increase in costs 成本小幅上涨
近 moderate, slight, unremarkable
severe /sɪˈvɪr/
考 adj. 严重的 bad or very serious
例 severe depression 严重的抑郁症
近 very serious
exploit /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/
考 v. 利用 to use something fully and effectively
例 exploit new woodland 开发利用新的林地
近 make use of, use to advantage, utilize
likewise /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/
考 adv. 同样 in the same way
例 Mingo is a nice person. Likewise , Glee is a nice person. 明戈是一个好人，格莱同样也是一个好人。
近 similarly
invariably /ɪnˈveriəbli/
考 adv. 不变地，总是 something always happens or is always true
例 They almost invariably get it wrong. 他们几乎总是将它弄错。
近 always
unearthed /ʌnˈɜːrθd/
考 adj. 被发掘出的 finding something by digging
例 More human remains have been unearthed in the north. 更多人类遗骸在北方挖掘出土。
近 discovered, excavated
brainchild /ˈbreɪntʃaɪld/
考 n. 智力产物 an idea, plan, organization or invention
例 the brainchild of Einstein 爱因斯坦的脑力成果
近 invention
compression /kəmˈpreʃn/
考 n. 压缩 the reduction of the volume or mass
例 compression of plant material 植物材料的压缩
近 crushing, compaction
consequently /ˈkɑːnsɪkwentli/
考 adv. 结果，因此 as a result
例 In college, time is scarce, and consequently , very precious. 在大学里时间是有限的，因此也非常宝贵。
近 as a result, therefore
abundant /əˈbʌndənt/
考 adj. 充足的 more than enough
例 an abundant supply 充足的供应
近 plentiful
plausible /ˈplɔːzəbl/
考 adj. 令人相信的 believable
例 a plausible explanation 一个说得过去的解释
近 possible, reasonable
spectacular /spekˈtækjələr/
考 adj. 壮观的 very impressive
例 a spectacular success 辉煌的成就
近 impressive, stunning, remarkable
diligent /ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/
考 adj. 勤奋的 working hard
例 a diligent student 一个勤奋的学生
近 with persistence and hard work
substantial /səbˈstænʃl/
考 adj. 大量的 large in amount
例 a substantial increase 大幅增长
近 significant
dense /dens/
考 adj. 密集的 containing a lot of people with little space
例 a dense crowd 密集的人群
近 crowded
reliance /rɪˈlaɪəns/
考 n. 依赖，依靠 rely on
例 heavy reliance on oil 对石油的严重依赖
近 dependence
accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/
考 v. 伴随 to happen or exist at the same time
例 The disease accompanies sneezing and fever.
这种病伴随着打喷嚏和发烧。
近 occur together with
recollection /ˌrekəˈlekʃn/
考 n. 回忆 something from the past that you remember
例 my earliest recollections 我最早的记忆
近 memory
converge /kənˈvɜːrdʒ/
考 v. 汇聚 to meet together
例 These lines converge at the vanishing point. 这些线条汇聚到一点消失。
近 gather, move closer
severity /sɪˈverəti/
考 n. 严重 excessive sternness
例 the severity of the earthquake 地震的严重程度
近 harshness, seriousness
elaborately /ɪˈlæbərətli/
考 adv. 精巧地 with a lot of small parts and details
例 elaborately carved stone 精心雕刻的石头
近 with great detail
abandoned /əˈbændənd/
考 adj. 废弃的 no longer used or occupied
例 abandoned city 废弃的城市
近 left, no longer occupied
wipe out
考 摧毁，灭绝 to destroy completely
例 wipe out turtle population 灭绝海龟
近 kill off, eradicate, annihilate
intermittently /ˌɪntərˈmɪtəntli/
考 adv. 间隔地 occasionally rather than continuously
例 flood intermittently in the rainy season 雨季间歇性的洪水泛滥
近 periodically
default /dɪˈfɔːlt/
考 v. 拖欠 to fail to pay financial debts
例 to default on a loan 拖欠贷款
optimize /ˈɑːptɪmaɪz/
考 v. 优化 to improve the way that something is done
例 optimize the use of available resources 充分优化手上的资源
近 make the best use of
evident /ˈevɪdənt/
考 adj. 明显的 easy to notice
例 It was evident that she was unhappy. 显然，她很不开心。
近 obvious
assess /əˈses/
考 v. 评估 to make a judgment; to evaluate
例 It must be assessed before being implemented. 在实施前，必须对它进行评估。
近 evaluate
moral /ˈmɔːrəl/
考 n. 寓意；道德教训 a practical lesson about how to behave
例 the moral of the film 电影的寓意
近 lesson
considerable /kənˈsɪdərəbl/
考 adj. 相当大的 great in amount or degree; large
例 considerable time 相当长时间
近 a large amount of, significant
incentive /ɪnˈsentɪv/
考 n. 激励 something that encourages you to work harder; encouragement
例 Farmers lack any incentive to farm. 农民缺少种地的动力。
近 motivation, impetus, stimulus
pioneering /ˌpaɪəˈnɪrɪŋ/
考 adj. 开创性的 new or novel
例 the pioneering work of Einstein 爱因斯坦开创性的工作
近 original, innovative, avant-garde
distinct /dɪˈstɪŋkt/
考 adj. 不同的 different or separate
例 two entirely distinct languages 两种完全不同的语言
近 separate
derive /dɪˈraɪv/
考 v. 源自；得到 to come from or get something
例 Some information on diet can be derived from fully fossilized teeth. 关于饮食的信息来源于完全石化的牙齿。
近 obtain, gain
accordingly /əˈkɔːrdɪŋli/
考 adv. 相应地 in accordance
例 vary accordingly 相应地变化
近 correspondingly
key /kiː/
考 adj. 重要的，关键的 very important or necessary
例 key points 关键点
近 essential, indispensable, crucial, momentous, pivotal
virtue /ˈvɜːrtʃuː/
考 n. 美德 a good quality or way of behaving
例 His virtue is patience. 他的美德是有耐心。
近 desirable quality
document /ˈdɑːkjumənt/
考 v. 记录 to make a detailed record
例 His research documents how the crisis occurred. 他的研究记录了危机是如何发生的。
近 record
now and then
考 偶尔，时不时 occasionally
例 Now and then he misses breakfasts. 他有时错过早饭。
近 occasionally, once in a while
outermost /ˈaʊtərməʊst/
考 adj. 最远的 farthest from the center
例 the outermost stars 最远的恒星
近 farthest away
concentrate /ˈkɑːnsntreɪt/
考 v. 集中 to be all in an area rather than being spread around
例 Fighting was concentrated around the towns to the north. 战斗集中在北部的城镇附近。
近 gather
prompt /prɑːmpt/
考 adj. 迅速的 immediate, quick
例 a prompt response 一个迅速的答复
近 quick
catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstrɑːfɪk/
考 adj. 毁灭性的 extremely harmful ; ruining
例 a catastrophic disaster 一场毁灭性的灾难
近 extremely harmful
prone /prəʊn/
考 adj. 倾向于 having a tendency; likely
例 less prone to die off 不容易灭绝
近 likely
antagonize /ænˈtæɡənaɪz/
考 v. 使…生气 to make somebody feel angry or hostile toward you
例 Do not antagonize your customers. 不要惹恼顾客。
近 anger
arduous /ˈɑːrdʒuəs/
考 adj. 艰难的 difficult and tiring
例 the arduous task 艰难的任务
近 taxing
pale /peɪl/
考 v. 逊色 to be less important or good
例 pale in comparison 相形见绌
近 lose significance
in the same breath
考 同时 at the same time
例 She was worried when waiting for him, and yet almost in the same breath smiled when seeing him. 等他时很担心，但是一见到他，她立马笑了起来。
近 immediately
interlock /ˌɪntərˈlɑːk/
考 v. 连接 to link or connect
例 The tragedies begin to interlock . 悲剧开始相互关联。
近 link
preposterous /prɪˈpɑːstərəs/
考 adj. 荒谬的 extremely unreasonable
例 This idea seemed preposterous . 这个想法似乎很荒谬。
近 unbelievable, ridiculous