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［1］中华人民共和国卫生部.中国吸烟危害健康报告［M］.北京：人民卫生出版社，2012.
［2］U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.A Report of the Surgeon General：How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease：What It Means to You［R/OL］.［2023-06-01］. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/2010/consumer_booklet/pdf/consumer.pdf.
［3］U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.What you need to know about smoking：advice from surgeon general's reports on smoking and health［EB/OL］［2023-06-01］. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/50th-anniversary/pdfs/wynk-smoking.pdf.
［4］U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Smoking and overall health［EB/OL］.［2023-06-01］. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/50th-anniversary/pdfs/fs_smoking_overall_health_508.pdf.
［5］U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Smoking and respiratory diseases［EB/OL］.［2023-06-10］. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/50th-anniversary/pdfs/fs_smoking_respiratory_508.pdf.
［6］U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Smoking and cardiovascular disease［EB/OL］.［2023-06-10］. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/50th-anniversary/pdfs/fs_smoking_cvd_508.pdf.
［7］MARTIN D F，MONTGOMERY E，DOBEK A S，et al.Campylobacter pylori，NSAIDS，and smoking：risk factors for peptic ulcer disease［J］.Am J Gastroenterol，1989，84（10）：1268-1272.
［8］U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Smoking and diabetes［EB/OL］.［2023-06-10］. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/50th-anniversary/pdfs/fs_smoking_diabetes_508.pdf.
［9］FERNBERG P，ODENBRO A，BELLOCCO R，et al.Tobacco use，body mass index，and the risk of leukemia and multiple myeloma：a nationwide cohort study in Sweden［J］.Cancer Res，2001，67（12）：5983-5986.
［10］MUSSELMAN J R B，BLAIR C K，CERHAN J R，et al.Risk of adult acute and chronic myeloid leukemia with cigarette smoking and cessation［J］.Cancer Epidemiol，2013，37（4）：410-416.
［11］U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Smoking and reproduction.［EB/OL］.［2023-06-10］. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/50th-anniversary/pdfs/fs_smoking_reproduction_508.pdf.
［12］VINDING T，APPLEYARD M，NYBOE J，et al.Risk factor analysis ior atrophie and exudarve age-related macular degeneration.An epidemiological study of 1000 aged individuals［J］.Acta Ophthalmol（Copenh），1992，70（1）：66-72.
［13］PRUMMEL M F，WIERSINGA W M.Smoking and risk of Graves' disease［J］.JAMA，1993，269（4）：479-482.
［14］KOH J S，KANG H，CHOI S W，et al.Cigarette smoking associated with premature tacial wrinkling：image analysis of facial skin replicas［J］.Int J Dermatol，2002，41（1）：21-27.
［15］U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Women and smoking［EB/OL］.［2023-06-10］. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/50th-anniversary/pdfs/fs_women_smoking_508.pdf.
［16］GRAM I T，BRAAIEN T，TERRY P D，et al.Breast cancer risk among women who start smoking as teenagers［J］.Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev，2005，14（1）：61-66.
［17］DUAN W，LI S，MENG X，et al.Smoking and survival of breast cancer patients：a meta-analysis of cohort studies［J］.Breast，2017，33：117-124.
［18］U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Smoking and youth［EB/OL］.［2023-06-10］. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/50th-anniversary/pdfs/fs_smoking_youth_508.pdf.
［19］MUSALLAM K M，ROSENDAAL F R，ZAATARI G，et al.Smoking and the risk of mortality and vascular and respiratory events in patients undergoing major surgery［J］.JAMA Surg，2013，148（8）：755-762.