Day8

discipline

义 discipline['d s pl n]n.纪律；自制力；训练；科目，学科vt.训练；惩罚

源 来自拉丁语，原是指纪律严明的古罗马教育。现延伸出学科、纪律、训练等含义。

巧记

dis-不+cip-拿，抓+line线→不拿一针一线→纪律，自制力

例

disciple discipline门徒纪律

He was disciplined for breaking the rules.他因违反规则而受到惩罚

Discipline is key to achieving success.自律是实现成功的关键

The professor teaches multiple disciplines at the university.

教授在大学教授多个学科

词根树

练

1.The of the rare bird was a significant achievement for the wildlife photographer.

A.capacity

B.capture

C.captivity

D.caption

2.She his needs and prepared everything in advance.

A.anticipated

B.participated

C.emancipated

D.recuperated

3.Thee action taken by the school was not excessive and was necessary to maintain order.

A.recipient

B.percipient

C.incipient

D.disciplinary

4.The ancient castles a commanding position on top of the hill.

A.chase

B.cater

C.occupy

D.preoccupy

答案 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C

disclaim

义 disclaim[d s'kle m]v.否认；拒绝承认；放弃，弃权

源 dis-不，相反+claim-呼喊，声称。表示公开否认、拒绝承认或放弃权利、所有权或责任等。常用于法律、商业或日常生活中，表示否认某项主张、权益或关联。

例

They disclaimed responsibility for the security breach.

他们声称对安全漏洞不负有责任

In the contract,he disclaimed all warranties.在合同中，他放弃了所有保证

词根树

练

1.The claimed baggage in the airport's lost and found has piled up.

2.His innovative ideas were quickly claimed by experts in the field.

A.ex

B.re

C.ac

D.counter

3.The teacher's sharp clamation silenced the chattering students.

A.de

B.ex

C.pro

D.re

答案 1.un 2.C 3.B

diverse

义 diverse[da 'v ːrs]adj.不同的；形形色色的，多种多样的

源 di-=dis-分开，分离 +vers-转→转向不同的方向。表示“多种多样的”、“各不相同的”或“异质的”，常用来描述不同种类、观点、文化或人群之间的多样性和差异性。

例

diverse cultures不同的文化，多元的文化

Communications will take more diverse forms.通信将采取更多样化的形式

词根树

练

1.The movie presents a conflict of good evil in a compelling narrative.

A.verse

B.versicle

C.versus

D.version

2.The verse weather conditions forced the airline to cancel all flights.

A.a

B.ad

C.in

D.per

3.After making a wrong turn,he had to verse the car out of the narrow alley.

A.con

B.re

C.tra

D.ob

答案 1.C 2.B 3.B

divert

义 divert[da 'v ːrt]v.使转向；转移；娱乐，供消遣

源 di-=dis-分开，分离 +vert-转。表示“转移”、“转向”或“引开”，可以指改变某事物原来的路线或方向，也可以指通过娱乐或活动转移注意力或消遣时光。

例

divert attention转移注意力

Watching comedies always diverts him from stress.

看喜剧总是能让他从压力中得到放松

词根树

练

1.The tornado created a of destruction,causing severe damage to the town.

A.vertex

B.vortex

C.vertigo

D.vertebra

2.The new safety measures were put in place to vert any potential accidents.

A.a

B.re

C.retro

D.e

3.The scientists will vert the existing theory with their groundbreaking (突破性的)research findings.

A.ad

B.con

C.contro

D.di

4.Introverts recharge by being alone,whereas (然而) verts gain energy from social interactions.

5.The gymnast (体操运动员)elegantly verted herself on the balance beam.

A.in

B.per

C.con

D.re

答案 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.extra 5.A

doctrine

义 doctrine['dɑːktr n]n.教义，主义，信条；（政府政策的）正式声明

源 doctr-=doct-教，观点 +-ine表示状态、行为或特质→教的东西→教条，信条。表示一种系统的教导或学说，通常用于指宗教、哲学、政治等领域中的正式理论或教义。

例

The school teaches the doctrine of equality among all students.

学校教授所有学生平等的教育理念

The economic doctrine of supply and demand shapes market forces.

供求理论这一经济交易塑造了市场力量

词根树

练

1.The horse was doc enough for even a beginner rider to handle.

A.toral

B.trinal

C.ile

D.ent

2.She spent hours umenting her travel experiences in a journal.

3.His scientific research challenges the long-standing in the field.

A.dogma

B.doge

C.dog

D.doggy

4.The dox of our time is that we have more communication tools but less genuine connection.

A.para

B.ortho

C.hetero

D.neo

答案 1.C 2.doc 3.A 4.A

domestic

义 domestic[d 'mest k]adj.家庭的；国内的；驯养的

源 dom-屋，家 +-estic表形容词。从“小家”引申来“大家”，即“国内的”，还表示“驯养的”，动物放在家中圈养。

例

domestic service家政服务

domestic demand国内需求

She prefers domestic travel to international travel.

她更喜欢国内游而不是国际旅行

Cats are popular domestic pets around the world.

猫是世界各地广受欢迎的家养宠物

词根树

练

1.The athlete dom her opponents,winning the championship easily.

A.esticated

B.iciliated

C.inated

D.ineered

2.His expertise lies in the of cybersecurity (网络安全)；he is a renowned expert in the field.

A.domain

B.dome

C.domination

D.condominium

3.The jeweler (宝石匠)carefully cut and polished the rough into a dazzling gem.

A.domestic

B.adamant

C.diamond

D.daunt

4.The farmer's careful of the land resulted in a bountiful harvest.

A.hut

B.house

C.hutch

D.husbandry

答案 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.D

donate

义 donate[d （ ）'ne t]v.捐赠，捐献

源 don-给予+-ate做，造成，使……。表示“捐赠”、“赠送”或“捐献”，特指自愿无偿地将财物或资源给予慈善机构、社区或其他个人，不期待回报的行为。

例

donate money捐款

We will donate 10%of our profits to local schools.

我们将捐出利润的10%给当地学校

They have donated their time and energy to help those affected by the disaster.

他们贡献自己的时间和精力，帮助受灾的人们

词根树

练

1.Her leadership qualities were not acquired but rather by her upbringing.

A.donated

B.pardoned

C.condoned

D.endowed

2.The teacher used a personal to teach the lesson on empathy.

A.dote

B.anecdote

C.antidote

D.dotage

3.The government issued a requiring masks (口罩) to be worn in public places.

A.date

B.data

C.mandate

D.viewdata

4.This special anniversary features a new foreword by the author.

A.edition

B.extradition

C.perdition

D.tradition

答案 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A

dormant

义 dormant['d ːrm nt]adj.冬眠的；休眠的；暂不活动的；潜伏的

源 dorm-睡眠+-ant……的，具有……性质的。表示“睡眠的”或“沉睡的”，用来形容某事物暂时处于休眠、停滞、不活动的状态，如休眠火山(dormant volcano)或尚未实施的计划(dormant plans)。

例

The seeds lay dormant in the soil.

这些种子在土壤中处于休眠状态

The dormant volcano suddenly erupted,causing panic.

休眠火山突然爆发，引发恐慌

The project remained dormant until new funding arrived.

项目在新资金到位之前一直处于停滞状态

词根树

练

1.Each dorm room is equipped with a study desk,closet,and Internet access.

A.itory

B.ancy

C.ition

D.itive

2.Lack of sleep due to insomn can lead to decreased concentration and memory problems.

3.During hypno , he entered a deeply relaxed state and explored his subconscious mind.

A.sia

B.sis

C.tism

D.tic

4.After a heavy meal,he felt and decided to take a nap.

A.insomnious

B.somniloquous

C.somnolent

D.soporous

答案 1.A 2.ia 3.B 4.C

drawl

义 drawl[dr :l]v.拖长声调说话n.拉长调子的说话方式

源 来自 draw拉。拉长语调音，拟声词。尾部字母l,就像是拖着的一条长长的尾巴，形象地比喻说话的方式。

例

She has a strong southern drawl that is hard to understand.

她有很重的南方口音，很难听懂

He drawled a greeting to her.

他慢吞吞地对她说声问候

辨

-awl,-rawl表示爬行、拖动、拖行、蔓延、延伸等含义

crawl v.爬行，匍匐前进

drawl v.拉长调子慢吞吞地说

trawl v.用拖网捕鱼；彻底搜查

sprawl v.蔓延，蔓生

scrawl v.潦草地写

词根树

练

1.The southern gentleman out his words in a relaxed manner.

A.crawled

B.drawled

C.sprawled

D.trawled

E.scrawled

2.Please don't draw your credit card.It's not good for your finances.

A.out

B.over

C.counter

D.with

3.It was difficult to heavy luggage up the stairs to the apartment.

A.draft

B.draught

C.drag

D.dray

4.The main draw of procrastination (拖延)is the delay in achieving important goals.

答案 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.back

duel

义 duel['duː l]n.决斗；斗争，抗争vi.决斗

源 du-二+-el=bell斗→二个人斗→决斗。表示两个人之间进行的、通常是为了荣誉或解决争端而进行的正式格斗或决斗。

例

He challenged his opponent to a chess duel for the championship title.

他为了争夺冠军头衔向对手发起了一次象棋对决

The two gentlemen decided to duel over a matter of honor.

两位绅士决定为名誉问题进行决斗

The duel between the rivals was intense and dramatic.

对手之间的决斗激烈而戏剧性

词根树

练

1.There will be many challenges in this ambitious project.

A.double

B.doubtful

C.doubtless

D.dubious

2.His role as both manager and coach requires great multitasking.

A.du

B.dual

C.duel

D.duple

3.The two knights (骑士)engaged in a fierce to defend their honor.

A.duel

B.duad

C.duet

D.duo

4.Despite his age,the old general remained a force on the battlefield.

A.doubtful

B.dubious

C.doubtable

D.redoubtable

答案 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D (doubtful语气较强，明确表示怀疑; dubious语气较弱，猜疑，半信半疑; doubtable可疑的，令人怀疑的; redoubtable可怕的，令人敬畏的)

durable

义 durable['d r b( )l]adj.持久的，耐用的

源 dur-持久，坚硬+-able可……的，能……的。表示“持久的，耐用的”，通常用于描述那些能够经受住时间考验，不易磨损或失效的物品或特质。

例

durable goods耐用品

This material is durable and long-lasting.

这种材料耐用且持久

The product is built to be durable and can withstand wear and tear.

该产品是为了耐用而设计的，能够经受住磨损

词根树

练

1.The trustee is responsible for managing the assets of the fund according to the settlor's wishes.

A.truth

B.trust

C.truce

D.troth

2.I need to down my expenses this month to stay within my budget.

A.truce

B.troth

C.tree

D.trim

3.The of the flight from New Yorkto London is approximately seven hours.

A.duration

B.durability

C.durance

D.durum

4.She had to a long wait before finally seeing the doctor at the busy clinic.

A.endure

B.indurate

C.obdurate

答案 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.A

eclipse

义 eclipse[ 'kl ps]n.日食；月食；黯然失色 v.遮住……的光；使黯然失色

源 ec-出+lips-离开+e→(太阳)离开。在天文现象中形象地描述了月亮或地球遮挡住了太阳或月亮的现象，使其黯然失色。

例

total solar eclipse日全食

The sun was completely eclipsed by the moon.

太阳被月亮完全遮住了

His talents and abilities have eclipsed those of his contemporaries.

他的才能和能力已经超越了他的同代人

词根树

练

1.The total solar was a rare phenomenon,attracting crowds of astronomers(天文学家) and curious onlookers.

A.eclipse

B.eclipsis

C.ellipse

D.ellipsis

2.The lic was passed down through the generations as a symbol of the family's history and faith.

3.The factory was overgrown with weeds and was a haven for stray animals (流浪动物)。

A.relict

B.delict

C.derelict

D.relics

4.Let's leave discussing this topic for now and revisit it later.

A.off

B.out

C.behind

D.on

答案 1.A 2.re 3.C 4.A (leave off停止，戒除; leave out遗漏; leave behind留下，丢弃; leave on留在原处；让……燃着，让……开着) uJEwvToPMHrOV7Hnek72scDzQmlLr2NNoHe2Kk5uXcu9L7P+K/5HRz1/ee/rNMvf