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Word List 05

音 频

影视剧场景

sequential [sɪˈkwenʃl]

adj. 连续的,一连串的 (serial)

词根记忆:sequ(跟随)+ent+ial→连续的,一连串的

diminish [dɪˈmɪnɪʃ]

v. (使)减少,缩小 (to make less or cause to appear less, belittle, dwindle)

词根记忆:di(分开)+min(小)+ish→缩小

canny [ˈkæni]

adj. 精明仔细的 (shrewd and careful)

联想记忆:can(能)+ny→能干的→精明仔细的

reiterate [riˈɪtəreɪt]

v. 重申,反复地说 (to state over again or repeatedly)

词根记忆:re(反复)+iter(重申)+ate→重申,反复地说

ingeminate, iterate

innate [ɪˈneɪt]

adj. 天生的,固有的 (inborn, inbred)

词根记忆:in(进入)+nat(出生)+e→生来就带有的→天生的

Unlike Sartre, who was born into a cultivated environment, receiving culture in his feeding bottle, so to speak, the child Camus had to fight to acquire a culture that was not innate .

connate, connatural, indigenous

warrant [ˈwɔːrənt]

n. 正当理由 (justification) ;许可证 (a commission or document giving authority) v. 保证;批准

Dr. Smith cautioned that the data so far are not sufficiently unequivocal to warrant dogmatic assertions by either side in the debate.

certify, guarantee, vindicate

exuberant [ɪɡˈzuːbərənt]

adj. (人)充满活力的 (very lively and cheerful) ;(植物)茂盛的 [(of plant) produced in extreme abundance)]

词根记忆:ex(加强)+uber(果实)+ant→全都是果实的→充满活力的;茂盛的

rancor [ˈræŋkər]

n. 深仇,怨恨 (bitter deep-seated ill will; enmity)

For someone suffering from stress, a holiday can act as a tonic, dispelling rancor , transforming indecision, and renewing the spirit.

doctrinaire [ˌdɑːktrɪˈner]

n. 教条主义者 (one who attempts to put into effect an abstract doctrine) adj. 教条 的,迂腐的 (stubbornly adhering to a doctrine)

来自doctrine ( n. 教条)

authoritarian, authoritative, dictatorial, dogmatic

rebuke [rɪˈbjuːk]

v. 指责,谴责 (to criticize sharply; reprimand)

词根记忆:re(再次)+buk(看作beat,打)+e→反复打→指责

admonish, chide, reproach

flagrant [ˈfleɪɡrənt]

adj. 罪恶昭彰的;公然的 (conspicuously offensive)

不要和fragrant ( adj. 芳香的)相混

hypocrisy [hɪˈpɑːkrəsi]

n. 伪善,虚伪 (a feigning to be what one is not or to believe what one does not)

cant, pecksniff, sanctimony, sham

hypocritical ( adj. 虚伪的)

impassive [ɪmˈpæsɪv]

adj. 无动于衷的,冷漠的 (stolid, phlegmatic)

词根记忆:im(无)+pass(感情)+ive→没有感情的;注意不要和impassioned ( adj. 充满激情的)相混

accede [əkˈsiːd]

v. 同意 (to give assent; consent)

词根记忆:ac(加强)+cede(走)→一起走→同意

accede to 答应

repugnant [rɪˈpʌɡnənt]

adj. 令人厌恶的 (strong distaste or aversion)

词根记忆:re(再)+pugn(打斗)+ant→总是打斗→令人厌恶的

be repugnant to sb. 使某人嫌恶,使某人反感

claustrophobic [ˌklɔːstrəˈfəʊbɪk]

adj. (患)幽闭恐怖症的,导致幽闭恐怖症的 (affected with or inclined to claustrophobia)

subservient [səbˈsɜːrviənt]

adj. 次要的,从属的 (useful in an inferior capacity) ;恭顺的 (obsequiously submissive)

austere [ɔːˈstɪr]

adj. 朴素的 (very plain; lacking ornament)

源自古希腊语austeros“苦涩的”,尤指水果、葡萄酒等“使口干舌燥的”,进入英语后用来指人在举止或态度上“严厉的、朴素的”,强调缺乏热情、趣味或情感等吸引人的品质。

sporadic [spəˈrædɪk]

adj. 不定时发生的 (occurring occasionally)

These sporadic raids seem to indicate that the enemy is waging a war of attrition rather than attacking us directly.

sporadically ( adv. 偶发地)

diverge [daɪˈvɜːrdʒ]

v. 分歧,分开 (to go or move in different directions; deviate)

词根记忆:di(离开)+verg(转向)+e→转开→分歧

escalate [ˈeskəleɪt]

v. (战争等)升级 (to make a conflict more serious) ;扩大,上升,增强 (to grow or increase rapidly)

The mayor and school superintendent let their dispute over budget cuts escalate to ugly and destructive proportions.

infectious [ɪnˈfekʃəs]

adj. 传染的,有传染性的 (capable of causing infection; communicable by infection)

stringent [ˈstrɪndʒənt]

adj. (规定)严格的,苛刻的 (severe) ;缺钱的 (marked by scarcity of money, credit restrictions, or other financial strain)

联想记忆:string(线,绳)+ent→像用绳限制住一样→严格的

These regulations are so stringent that we feel we have lost all our privileges.

draconian, rigorous

stringency ( n. 财政紧缩)

prescription [prɪˈskrɪpʃn]

n. 规定 (something prescribed as a rule)

词根记忆:pre(预先)+script(写)+ion→预先写好要求→规定

convention, regulation

shrill [ʃrɪl]

v. 尖叫 (scream) adj. 刺耳的 (high-pitched and piercing in tone or sound)

forerunner [ˈfɔːrʌnər]

n. 先行者 (one that announces or indicates the later arrival of another) ;预兆 (a warning sign or symptom)

词根记忆:fore(前面)+runner(奔跑者)→跑在前面的人→先行者

precursor

heft [heft]

n. 重量 (weight)

the spacecraft’s considerable heft 宇宙飞船的巨大重量

hefty ( adj. 很大的;超出一般的;可观的)

sleek [sliːk]

adj. 光滑的,光亮的 (smooth and glossy as if polished)

ethnocentric [ˌeθnəʊˈsentrɪk]

adj. 民族优越感的;民族中心主义的 (characterized by or based on the attitude that one’s own group is superior)

词根记忆:ethno(种族)+centr(中心)+ic(…的)→民族中心主义的

ethnocentric belief 民族中心主义的信念

methodology [ˌmeθəˈdɑːlədʒi]

n. 方法论 (a body of methods, rules, and postulates employed by a discipline)

词根记忆:method(方法)+ology(学说)→方法论

wherewithal [ˈwerwɪðɔːl]

n. (做某事的)所需资金 (the necessary means, especially financial means)

displace [dɪsˈpleɪs]

v. 取代 (to take the place of someone/something) ;迫使离开家园 (to force people to move away from their home to another place)

词根记忆:dis(除去,剥夺)+place(位置)→被夺去位置→取代

obviate

gentility [dʒenˈtɪləti]

n. 文雅,彬彬有礼 (decorum of conduct) ;高贵的身份 (the condition of belonging to the gentry)

词根记忆:gentil(看作gentle,温和的)+ity→彬彬有礼

inconclusive [ˌɪnkənˈkluːsɪv]

adj. 非决定性的;无定论的 (leading to no conclusion or definite result)

Given the inconclusive state of the published evidence, we do not argue here that exposure to low-level microwave energy is either hazardous or safe.

elucidate [ɪˈluːsɪdeɪt]

v. 阐明,说明 (to give a clarifying explanation)

词根记忆:e(向外)+lucid(照亮)+ate→弄清晰→阐明

frivolous [ˈfrɪvələs]

adj. 轻薄的,轻佻的 (marked by unbecoming levity)

词根记忆:friv(愚蠢)+olous→愚蠢的→轻佻的

didactic [daɪˈdæktɪk]

adj. 教诲的 (morally instructive) ;说教的 (boringly pedantic or moralistic)

联想记忆:did(做)+act(行动)+ic→教人如何做或行动→教诲的

didacticism ( n. 说教)

equivalent [ɪˈkwɪvələnt]

adj. 相等的,等值的 (equal in quantity, value, meaning, etc.)

词根记忆:equi(平等的)+val(力量)+ent→力量平等的→相等的

be equivalent to 与…相等或等值

voluble [ˈvɑːljəbl]

adj. 健谈的 (talkative) ;易旋转的 (rotating)

volubility ( n. 口若悬河)

transitory [ˈtrænsətɔːri]

adj. 短暂的 (transient)

词根记忆:trans(改变)+it(走)+ory→走过就变的→短暂的

propriety [prəˈpraɪəti]

n. 礼节 (decorum) ;适当,得体 (appropriateness)

词根记忆:propri(恰当的)+ety→举止恰当→礼节;得体

eminent [ˈemɪnənt]

adj. 显赫的,杰出的 (prominent, conspicuous)

词根记忆:e(向外)+min(突出)+ent→突出来→显赫的

The eminent ambassador was but an indifferent linguist; yet he insisted on speaking to foreign dignitaries in their own tongues without resorting to a translator’s aid.

pedant [ˈpednt]

n. 迂腐之人,学究 (one who unduly emphasizes minutiae in the use of knowledge)

词根记忆:ped(教育)+ant→与儿童教育相关的人→学究

interchangeable [ˌɪntərˈtʃeɪndʒəbl]

adj. 可互换的 (incapable of being interchanged)

来自interchange ( v. 互换)

interchangeably ( adv. 可互换地)

corroborate [kəˈrɑːbəreɪt]

v. 支持或证实 (to bolster; make more certain) ;强化 (to strengthen)

词根记忆:cor(加强)+robor(力量)+ate→加强力量→强化

corroboration ( n. 证实,支持)

apathetic [ˌæpəˈθetɪk]

adj. 无感情的 (having or showing little or no feeling or emotion) ;无兴趣的 (having little or no interest or concern)

be apathetic about 对…冷淡

approbate [ˈæprəbeɪt]

v. 认可 (to accept as valid)

词根记忆:ap(加强)+prob(证明)+ate→一再证明(可行)→批准

approbatory ( adj. 认可的;赞赏的)

predate [ˌpriːˈdeɪt]

v. 早于 (to precede in time; antedate)

词根记忆:pre(在前,早于)+date(日期)→早于

antedate, precede

upshot [ˈʌpʃɑːt]

n. 最后结果,结局 (the final result)

outcome, consequence

politic [ˈpɑːlətɪk]

adj. 明智的 (showing sound or pragmatic judgment)

advisable, desirable, prudent, judicious

versatility [ˌvɜːrsəˈtɪləti]

n. 多功能性 (the quality of having many different uses)

来自versatile ( adj. 用途广泛的)

The circumstances under which phase transitions occur would limit the versatility of latent heat as a storage method.

snag [snæɡ]

n. 问题,障碍 (a difficulty or obstacle)

One snag is that so far, Web services have turned out to be much harder to deliver than their champions had hoped.

hitch

quadrant [ˈkwɑːdrənt]

n. 四分之一圆 (one fourth of the circumference of a circle)

词根记忆:quadr(四)+ant→由四个部分组成→四分之一圆

reckless [ˈrekləs]

adj. 鲁莽的 (acting or done with a lack of care or caution; careless or irresponsible)

词根记忆:reck(关心,顾虑)+less(无,没有)→毫无顾虑的→鲁莽的

daredevil, rash, madcap, temerarious

recklessness ( n. 鲁莽,轻率)

hoarder [ˈhɔːrdər]

n. 囤积者 (a person who collects and keeps large amounts of food, money, etc., often secretly)

来自hoard ( v. 贮藏)

flippancy [ˈflɪpənsi]

n. 轻率,无礼 (a lack of seriousness often at an improper time)

peculiarity [pɪˌkjuːliˈærəti]

n. 特征 (a notable or distinctive feature or characteristic)

词根记忆:peculi(ar)(特殊的)+arity→特征

attribute, criterion, diagnostic, differentia, hallmark, particularity

needy [ˈniːdi]

adj. 贫困的 (impoverished)

destitute, impecunious, impoverished, indigent, penurious, threadbare

warble [ˈwɔːrbl]

v. (尤指用颤音高声)唱 (to sing with trills, runs, or quavers)

clique [kliːk]

n. 小集团,小圈子 (a narrow exclusive circle or group of persons)

cliquish ( adj. 小集团的)

hypercritical [ˌhɪpəˈkrɪtɪkl]

adj. 吹毛求疵的 (excessively critical; captious)

词根记忆:hyper(超过)+crit(批评,判断)+ical→批评过头→吹毛求疵的

predation [prɪˈdeɪʃn]

n. 捕食,捕猎行为 (the act of an animal killing and eating other animals)

词根记忆:pred(抓,拿)+ation→捕食

unproductive [ˌʌnprəˈdʌktɪv]

adj. 产量少的 (not producing very much) ;效果不佳的 (not producing good results)

词根记忆:un(没有)+pro(前,向前)+duct(带来)+ive(…的)→没有成果的→产量少的

In science education, it is important to differentiate between inaccurate ideas that are conceptually unproductive and understandings that are inaccurate, and yet can foster learning of more sophisticated understandings.

barren

sensation [senˈseɪʃn]

n. 轰动 (very great surprise, excitement, or interest among a lot of people) ;感觉 (feeling)

词根记忆:sens(感觉)+ation(表行为)→感觉

sensational ( adj. 轰动的;引起哗然的);sensationalism ( n. 耸人听闻)

grip [ɡrɪp]

n. 掌握,控制 (ability to function properly or well) ;紧握,紧抓 (the act or manner of holding)

gripping ( adj. 引人入胜的)

equanimity [ˌekwəˈnɪməti]

n. 沉着,冷静 (evenness of mind especially under stress)

词根记忆:equ(平等)+anim(心神)+ity→冷静

gigantic [dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk]

adj. 巨大的 (extremely large)

联想记忆:和giant ( n. 巨人)一起记

pessimistic [ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk]

adj. 悲观的 (a tendency to stress the negative or unfavorable or to take the gloomiest possible view)

bearish, defeatist, despairing, downbeat

decay [dɪˈkeɪ]

v. 腐烂 (to be destroyed gradually by natural processes) ;衰败 (to fall into ruin) n. 腐朽 (the process or result of being destroyed by natural causes)

联想记忆:和delay ( v. 耽误)一起记

deterioration

countermand [ˈkaʊntərmænd]

v. 取消,撤销 (to cancel an order that has been given)

词根记忆:counter(相反)+mand(命令)→反命令→撤销

annul

hack [hæk]

v. 非法侵入 (to gain illegal access to) ;砍,劈 (to cut or chop with repeated and irregular blows)

tectonic [tekˈtɑːnɪk]

adj. 地壳构造的 (relating to the structure of the Earth’s surface or crust)

tectonics ( n. 构造地质学)

clamorous [ˈklæmərəs]

adj. 喧嚷的 (talking loudly or shouting)

词根记忆:clam(呼喊,叫喊)+or+ous(多…的)→多喊叫的→喧嚷的

mercenary [ˈmɜːrsəneri]

n. 雇佣兵 (a professional soldier hired for service in a foreign army)

hack

evangelist [ɪˈvændʒəlɪst]

n. 布道者 (activist; missionary) ;热情的推动者 (an enthusiastic advocate)

联想记忆:ev+angel(天使)+ist(人)→像天使一样布道的人→布道者

reconstitute [ˌriːˈkɑːnstɪtuːt]

v. 重新设立 (to provide with a new structure)

联想记忆:re(再,重新)+constitute(建立)→重新设立

reconstruct, reorder, reshuffle, retool

snapshot [ˈsnæpʃɑːt]

n. 快照 (a photograph)

组合词:snap(抓拍)+shot(照片)→抓拍照片→快照

levity [ˈlevəti]

n. 轻浮 (excessive or unseemly frivolity)

词根记忆:lev(举)+ity→轻易就被举起→轻浮

isotope [ˈaɪsətəʊp]

n. 同位素 (one of two or more atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers)

词根记忆:iso(等,同)+top(位置,地方)+e→同等位置的元素→同位素

heavy isotope 重同位素

hail [heɪl]

v. 赞扬 (to greet with enthusiastic approval)

发音记忆:“嘿呦”→向…欢呼→赞扬

acclaim

laborious [ləˈbɔːriəs]

adj. 勤劳的 (devoted to labor)

词根记忆:labor(劳动)+ious→(付出)大量劳动的→勤劳的

arduous

laboriously ( adv. 辛苦地)

sparkle [ˈspɑːrkl]

v. 闪烁;闪耀 (glitter)

词根记忆:spark(火花)+le→发出火花→闪耀

sparkling ( adj. 闪烁的;闪耀的)

fawn [fɔːn]

v. 恭维,讨好 (to seek favor or attention by flattery and obsequious behavior)

wont [wɔːnt]

adj. 习惯于 (accustomed or used)

be wont to do sth. 习惯于做某事

anodyne [ˈænədaɪn]

adj. 不得罪人的;温和的 (unlikely to cause disagreement or offend anyone)

词根记忆:an(不,无)+odyn(痛)+e→止痛药

innocuous

anthropomorphize [ˌænθrəpəˈmɔfaɪz]

v. 给(神、动物、物体等)赋予人性 (to ascribe human characteristics to things not human)

词根记忆:anthrop(人)+o+morph(形状)+ize→拟人化的

anthropomorphism ( n. 拟人化);anthropomorphic ( adj. 拟人化的)

clergy [ˈklɜːrdʒi]

n. 圣职人员,神职人员 (the priests or ministers of a religion)

联想记忆:cl(看作clean,净化)+ergy(看作energy,能量)→用信仰的力量净化心灵的人→神职人员

traumatic [trəˈmætɪk]

adj. 痛苦的,极不愉快的 (extremely unpleasant and causing you to feel upset and/or anxious)

词根记忆:trauma(痛苦,创伤)+tic(…的)→痛苦的

soothsayer [ˈsuːθseɪər]

n. 占卜者;预言者 (a person who is believed to be able to tell what will happen in the future)

组合词:sooth(事实)+sayer(说话的人)→说出事实的人→预言者

atmosphere [ˈætməsfɪr]

n. 大气,大气层 (the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth)

词根记忆:atmo(气)+sphere(球体)→围绕地球的空气→大气

The polar atmosphere is thin, so little energy is required to warm it.

atmospheric ( adj. 大气的)

lucubration [ˌluːkjəˈbreɪʃn]

n. 深入研究,刻苦钻研 (laborious study or thought)

词根记忆:luc(灯光)+ubr+ation→在灯光下刻苦钻研→刻苦钻研

scaremonger [ˈskermʌŋɡər]

n. 散布恐怖消息的人 (one who spreads frightening rumors; an alarmist)

词根记忆:scare(惊吓,恐惧)+monger(贩卖者)→散布恐怖消息的人

lyrical [ˈlɪrɪkl]

adj. 抒情的 (expressing deep personal emotion or observations)

lyricist ( n. 歌词作者)

pastoralist [ˈpæstərəlɪst]

n. 牧民 adj. 游牧的 (a person who keeps animals in a way that involves moving them from place to place to find water and food)

词根记忆:past(喂养)+or+al+ist(人)→喂牛羊的人→牧民

pastoralist way of life 游牧的生活方式

pastoralism ( n. 游牧)

malinger [məˈlɪŋɡər]

v. 装病 (to pretend to be ill/sick in order to avoid duty or work)

联想记忆:ma(看作“马”)+linger(逗留)→这匹马装病逗留在马厩→装病

goldbrick, shirk

grapple [ˈɡræpl]

v. 努力设法解决 (to try hard to find a solution to a problem)

grapple with 努力应对

layperson [ˈleɪpɜːrsn]

n. 门外汉 (one who is a nonprofessional in a given field) ;非神职人员 (one who is not a cleric)

组合词:lay(外行的)+person(人)→门外汉

non-specialist

prophetic [prəˈfetɪk]

adj. 先知的,预言的,预示的 (correctly telling of things that will happen in the future)

词根记忆:pro(提前)+phe(说)+tic→提前说出来→先知的,预言的

insatiable [ɪnˈseɪʃəbl]

adj. 不知足的,贪得无厌的 (very greedy)

词根记忆:in(不)+sati(填满)+able→填不满的→不知足的

compromise [ˈkɑːmprəmaɪz]

v. 妥协 (to settle by concessions) ;危害 (to lay open to danger or disrepute)

词根记忆:com(共同)+promise(保证)→相互保证→妥协

ornamental [ˌɔːrnəˈmentl]

adj. 装饰性的 (of, relating to, or serving as ornament)

词根记忆:orn(装饰)+ament+al→装饰性的

trenchant [ˈtrentʃənt]

adj. 犀利的,尖锐的 (sharply perceptive; penetrating)

联想记忆:trench(沟)+ant→说话像挖沟,入木三分→犀利的

fleet [fliːt]

adj. 快速的 (fast) v. 消磨,疾驰 (to pass or run light and quickly) ;飞逝,掠过 (to fly swiftly)

联想记忆:和flee ( v. 逃跑)一起记

fleeting ( adj. 短暂的;飞逝的)

prevail [prɪˈveɪl]

v. 战胜 (to gain ascendancy through strength or superiority) ;流行,盛行 (to be frequent)

词根记忆:pre(在前面)+vail(看作val,力量)→在力量上胜过他人→战胜

conquer, master, predominate, triumph

retain [rɪˈteɪn]

v. 保留,保持 (to keep possession of) ;留住,止住 (to hold in place)

词根记忆:re(再)+tain(拿)→一再拿住→保留,保持

awkward [ˈɔːkwərd]

adj. 笨拙的 (ungainly) ;难用的 (difficult to use) ;不便的 (causing inconvenience)

发音记忆:“拗口的”→笨拙的;难用的

clumsy, gawky, lumbering, lumpish

demur [dɪˈmɜːr]

v. 表示异议,反对 (to object)

词根记忆:de(加强)+mur(延迟)→一再拖延→反对

solitary [ˈsɑːləteri]

adj. 孤独的 (without companions) n. 隐士 (recluse)

词根记忆:sol(单独)+it(走)+ary→一个人走→孤独的

There are no solitary , free-living creatures; every form of life is dependent on other forms.

forsaken, lonesome, lorn

histrionic [ˌhɪstriˈɑːnɪk]

adj. 做作的 (deliberately affected) ;戏剧的 (of or relating to actors, acting, or the theater)

词根记忆:histrion(演员)+ic→戏剧的;注意不要和historic ( adj. 历史的)相混

theatrical, dramatic

anachronistic [əˌnækrəˈnɪstɪk]

adj. 时代错误的 (an error in chronology)

词根记忆:ana(错误)+chron(时间)+istic→时代错误的

anachronism ( n. 过时的人);anachronistically ( adv. 时间不当地)

solicitous [səˈlɪsɪtəs]

adj. 热切的 (full of desire; eager) ;挂念的 (expressing care or concern)

be solicitous of/for/about 为…操心

disseminate [dɪˈsemɪneɪt]

v. 传播,宣传 (to spread abroad; promulgate widely)

词根记忆:dis(分开)+semin(种子)+ate→散布(种子)→传播

imperious [ɪmˈpɪriəs]

adj. 傲慢的,专横的 (overbearing, arrogant)

词根记忆:imper(命令)+ious→命令的→专横的

imperious manner 专横的态度

magisterial, peremptory

imperiously ( adv. 傲慢地;专横地)

trivial [ˈtrɪviəl]

adj. 琐碎的;没有价值的 (concerned with or involving trivia; of little worth)

词根记忆:tri(三)+vi(路)+al→三条路的→分支多的→琐碎的

paltry, picayune, picayunish, trifling

volatile [ˈvɑːlətl]

adj. 反复无常的 (subject to rapid or unexpected change) ;易挥发的 (readily vaporizable)

词根记忆:volat(飞)+ile→飞走的→易挥发的

Despite the mixture’s volatile nature, we found that by lowering its temperature in the laboratory we could dramatically reduce its tendency to vaporize.

capricious, fickle, inconstant, mercurial

volatility ( n. 挥发性)

denounce [dɪˈnaʊns]

v. 指责 (to accuse publicly)

词根记忆:de(向下)+nounc(呼喊)+e→向下喊→指责

Although it is unusual to denounce museum-goers for not painting, it is quite common, even for those, who are unenthusiastic about sports, to criticize spectators for athletic inactivity.

lambast

denouement ( n. 结局,收场;结果)

suspend [səˈspend]

v. 暂停,中止 (to stop to be inactive or ineffective for a period of time) ;吊,悬 (to hang from above)

词根记忆:sus(在下)+pend(挂)→挂在下面→吊,悬

euphemism [ˈjuːfəmɪzəm]

n. 婉言,委婉的说法 (the act or example of substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive)

词根记忆:eu(好的)+phem(讲话)+ism→以好的语言出现→委婉的说法

serendipity [ˌserənˈdɪpəti]

n. 意外发现新奇事物的才能或现象 (the faculty or phenomenon of finding valuable or agreeable things not sought for)

出自18世纪英国作家Horace(荷拉斯)的童话故事 The Three Princes of Serendip ,书中主人公具有随处发现珍宝的本领。

Many scientific discoveries are a matter of serendipit y : Newton was not sitting there thinking about gravity when the apple dropped on his head.

halfhearted [ˌhæfˈhɑːrtɪd]

adj. 不认真的,不热心的 (showing little interest, enthusiasm, or heart)

组合词:half(半)+heart(心)+ed→只花一半心思的→不认真的

elusive [ɪˈluːsɪv]

adj. 难懂的,难以描述的 (hard to comprehend or define) ;不易被抓获的 (tending to evade grasp or pursuit)

词根记忆:e(出)+lus(光)+ive→没有灵光出来的→难懂的

The guerrillas were so elusive that the general had to develop various strategies to trap them.

flout [flaʊt]

v. 蔑视 (to mock or scoff at; show scorn or contempt for) ;违抗

联想记忆:fl(看作fly,飞)+out(出去)→飞出去→不再服从命令→违抗

fleer, gibe, jeer, jest, sneer

quixotic [kwɪkˈsɑːtɪk]

adj. 不切实际的,空想的 (foolishly impractical)

来自Don Quixote 《堂·吉诃德》,亦作quixotical

affinity [əˈfɪnəti]

n. 相互吸引 (a mutual attraction between a man and a woman) ;密切关系 (close relationship)

词根记忆:af(加强)+fin(范围)+ity→在范围内→密切关系

garrulous [ˈɡærələs]

adj. 唠叨的,多话的 (loquacious, talkative)

chatty, conversational, voluble

garrulity ( n. 唠叨,饶舌)

obstruct [əbˈstrʌkt]

v. 阻塞(道路、通道等) (to block or close up by an obstacle) ;妨碍,阻挠 (to hinder from passage, action, or operation)

词根记忆:ob(反)+struct(建造)→反着建→阻塞

paradigm [ˈpærədaɪm]

n. 范例,示范 (a typical example or archetype)

词根记忆:para(旁边)+digm(显示)→在一旁显示→范例,示范

paradigmatic ( adj. 典型的;范例的)

antithetical [ˌæntɪˈθetɪkl]

adj. 相反的 (constituting or marked by antithesis) ;对立的 (opposite)

contradictory, contrary, converse, counter, reverse

intrepid [ɪnˈtrepɪd]

adj. 勇敢的,刚毅的 (characterized by fearlessness and fortitude)

词根记忆:in(不)+trepid(颤抖的)→不颤抖的→勇敢的

obfuscate [ˈɑːbfəskeɪt]

v. 使困惑,使迷惑 (to muddle, confuse, bewilder)

词根记忆:ob(加强)+fusc(黑的)+ate→使变成全黑→使困惑,使迷惑

obfuscation ( n. 混淆;模糊处理)

extinct [ɪkˈstɪŋkt]

adj. 绝种的,不存在的 (no longer in existence)

词根记忆:ex(向外)+tinct(刺)→连根拔起→绝种的

Given the ability of modern technology to destroy the environment, it is clear that if we are not careful, the human race may soon be as extinct as the dinosaur.

extinction ( n. 消灭,废除)

augment [ɔːɡˈment]

v. 提高,增加 (to become greater; increase)

词根记忆:aug(增加)+ment→提高,增加

enlarge, expand, heighten, mount, wax

inhibit [ɪnˈhɪbɪt]

v. 阻止 (to prohibit from doing something) ;抑制 (to hold in check)

词根记忆:in(不)+hibit(拿)→不许拿→阻止;抑制

bridle, constrain, withhold

avid [ˈævɪd]

adj. 渴望的 (having an intense craving) ;热心的 (eager)

be avid for 渴望

avidity ( n. 渴望;欲望)

fervent [ˈfɜːrvənt]

adj. 炙热的 (very hot) ;热情的 (exhibiting or marked by great intensity of feeling)

nostalgia [nəˈstældʒə]

n. 思乡 (the state of being homesick) ;怀旧之情 (a sentimental yearning for return to or of some past period)

词根记忆:nost(家)+alg(痛)+ia→想家想到心痛→思乡

The documentary film about high school life was so realistic and evocative that feelings of nostalgia flooded over the college-age audience.

pseudonym [ˈsuːdənɪm]

n. 假名,笔名 (a fictitious name, especially penname)

词根记忆:pseudo(假)+nym(名字)→假名

pseudonymous ( adj. 假名的;用笔名写的)

apprehensive [ˌæprɪˈhensɪv]

adj. 害怕的 (anxious or fearful that sth. bad or unpleasant will happen) ;敏悟的 (capable of apprehending or quick to do so)

词根记忆:ap+prehen(看作prehend,抓住)+sive→抓住不放→(因为)害怕的

seminal [ˈsemɪnl]

adj. 有创意的 (creative)

词根记忆:semin(种)+al→种子的→有创意的

truculent [ˈtrʌkjələnt]

adj. 残暴的,凶狠的 (feeling or displaying ferocity; cruel)

词根记忆:truc(凶猛)+ulent→残暴的,凶狠的

abstract [ˈæbstrækt]

n. 摘要 (summary) adj. 抽象的 (disassociated from any specific instance)

词根记忆:abs(离开)+tract(拉)→从文章中拉出→摘要

an abstract sense of the concept 对概念抽象的理解

abstraction ( n. 抽象概念,抽象)

contradict [ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪkt]

v. 反驳,驳斥 (to affirm the contrary of a statement, etc.)

词根记忆:contra(反)+dict(说话,断言)→说反话→反驳

contradictory ( adj. 反驳的,反对的,抗辩的)

summary [ˈsʌməri]

n. 摘要,概要 (an abstract; abridgment) adj. 摘要的,简略的 (converting the main points succinctly)

词根记忆:sum(总和)+mary→摘要,概要

epitome, recapitulation

contemporary [kənˈtempəreri]

adj. 同时代的 (simultaneous) ;当代的;现代的 (modern, current)

词根记忆:con(共同)+tempor(时间)+ary(人)→同时代的人→同时代的

contemporary art 现代艺术

pragmatic [præɡˈmætɪk]

adj. 实际的 (relating to matters of fact or practical affairs often to the exclusion of intellectual or artistic matters) ;务实的,注重实效的 (practical as opposed to idealistic) ;实用主义的 (of or relating to pragmatism)

词根记忆:pragm(行为)+atic→以行动为最重的→实用主义的

Although skeptics say financial problems will probably prevent our establishing a base on the Moon, supporters of the project remain enthusiastic, saying that human curiosity should overcome such pragmatic constraints.

pragmatism ( n. 实用主义);pragmatist ( n. 实用主义者)

speculate [ˈspekjuleɪt]

v. 沉思,思索 (to meditate on or ponder) ;投机 (to assume a business risk in hope of gain)

词根记忆:spec(看)+ulate(做)→看得多想得也多→思索

banal [bəˈnɑːl]

adj. 乏味的,陈腐的 (dull or stale; commonplace; insipid)

联想记忆:ban(禁止)+al→应该禁止的→陈腐的

bland, flat, sapless, vapid

forestall [fɔːrˈstɔːl]

v. 预先阻止,先发制人 (to hinder by doing sth. ahead of time; prevent)

组合词:fore(前面)+stall(停止)→预先阻止

deter, forfend, obviate, preclude

inimical [ɪˈnɪmɪkl]

adj. 敌意的,不友善的 (hostile, unfriendly)

词根记忆:in(不)+im(爱)+ical→不爱的→敌意的,不友善的

exacting [ɪɡˈzæktɪŋ]

adj. 需要付出很大努力的;要求严格的 (making severe demands; requiring great care, effort, or attention)

词根记忆:ex(表加强)+act(做)+ing(…的)→努力做的→需要付出很大努力的

rigorous, demanding

aridity [əˈrɪdəti]

n. 干旱 (excessively dry)

词根记忆:ar(干的)+id(有…性质的)+ity(表名词)→干旱 Irsf4aV4jUJx/DuDh1AcZXXhdQTNDw30KKSQcPoinCdTd6tPmiVIMe39U+0xwhCB

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