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Word List 08

音 频

影视剧场景

audacious [ɔːˈdeɪʃəs]

adj. 大胆的 (daring, fearless, brave)

词根记忆:aud(大胆)+acious(多…的)→大胆的

efficacious [ˌefɪˈkeɪʃəs]

adj. 有效的 (producing the desired result)

If efficacious new medicines have side effects that are commonly observed and unremarkable, such medicines are too often considered safe, even when laboratory tests suggest caution.

fractious [ˈfrækʃəs]

adj. (脾气)易怒的,好争吵的 (peevish, irritable)

词根记忆:fract(碎裂)+ious(易…的)→脾气易碎→(脾气)易怒的

fractiousness ( n. 暴躁,易怒)

condescending [ˌkɑːndɪˈsendɪŋ]

adj. 谦逊的,故意屈尊的 (behaving as though one is better or more important than others)

exemplar [ɪɡˈzemplɑːr]

n. 模范,榜样 (one that serves as a model or example)

ideal

replenish [rɪˈplenɪʃ]

v. 补充,把…再备足 (to fill or build up again)

词根记忆:re(重新)+plen(满)+ish→重新填满→补充

jubilant [ˈdʒuːbɪlənt]

adj. 欢呼的,喜气洋洋的 (elated, exultant)

词根记忆:jubil(欢呼)+ant→欢呼的

jubilation ( n. 欢腾,欢庆)

dramatic [drəˈmætɪk]

adj. 戏剧的 (of or relating to the drama) ;引人注目的 (striking in appearance or effect) ;戏剧般的 (of an opera singer)

来自drama ( n. 戏剧)

dramaturgic, histrionic, theatric, theatrical, thespian

irascible [ɪˈræsəbl]

adj. 易怒的 (easily angered)

词根记忆:ira(愤怒)+sc+ible→易怒的

irascibility ( n. 脾气暴躁;易怒)

acerbic [əˈsɜːrbɪk]

adj. 尖酸的;刻薄的 (bitter, sharp, harsh)

词根记忆:acerb(尖,酸)+ic→尖酸的;刻薄的

untenable [ʌnˈtenəbl]

adj. 难以防守的 (not able to be defended) ;不能租赁的 (not able to be occupied)

Upon realizing that his position was untenable , the general ordered his men to retreat to a neighboring hill.

harsh [hɑːrʃ]

adj. 严厉的 (stern) ;粗糙的 (rough) ;刺耳的 (sharp)

联想记忆:har(看作hard,坚硬的)+sh→态度强硬→严厉的

rugged, scabrous

discriminatory [dɪˈskrɪmɪnətɔːri]

adj. 歧视的,差别对待的,偏见的 (showing prejudice)

来自discriminate ( v. 歧视,差别对待)

reconcile [ˈrekənsaɪl]

v. 和解,调和 (to restore to friendship or harmony)

词根记忆:re(再)+con(共同)+cil(召集)+e→(双方)再次召到一起→和解

In attempting to reconcile estranged spouses, counselors try to foster a spirit of compromise rather than one of stubborn implacability.

attune, harmonize, reconciliate

court [kɔːrt]

n. 法庭;宫廷 v. 献殷勤 (to seek the affections of) ;追求 (to seek to gain or achieve)

disprove [ˌdɪsˈpruːv]

v. 证明…有误 (to show that sth. is wrong)

词根记忆:dis(不)+prov(证明)+e→证明不可行→证明…有误

autonomous [ɔːˈtɑːnəməs]

adj. 自治的 (marked by autonomy) ;自主的 (having the right or power of self- government)

supercilious [ˌsuːpərˈsɪliəs]

adj. 目中无人的 (coolly or patronizingly haughty)

词根记忆:super(超过)+cili(眉毛)+ous→眼睛看到眉毛上面→目中无人的

florid [ˈflɑːrɪd]

adj. 华丽的 (highly decorated, showy) ;(脸)红润的 (rosy, ruddy)

词根记忆:flor(花)+id→像花一样的→华丽的

salutary [ˈsæljəteri]

adj. 有益的,有益健康的 (promoting or conducive to health)

词根记忆:salu(健康)+tary→有益的,有益健康的

myriad [ˈmɪriəd]

adj. 许多的,无数的 (innumerable)

legion, multitudinous, numerous

distinctive [dɪˈstɪŋktɪv]

adj. 出众的,有特色的 (distinguishing, characteristic, typical)

considerable [kənˈsɪdərəbl]

adj. 相当多的 (great in amount or size) ;重要的;值得考虑的 (worth consideration)

来自consider ( v. 考虑)

respectable, sensible, sizable, consequential, momentous

equitable [ˈekwɪtəbl]

adj. 公正的,合理的 (dealing fairly)

I am seeking an equitable solution to this dispute, one that will be fair and acceptable to both sides.

dispassionate, impartial, impersonal, nondiscriminatory, objective

justify [ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ]

v. 证明…是正当或合理的 (to show that sb./sth. is reasonable or just)

词根记忆:just(正确的)+ify(使)→证明…是正当或合理的

confirm, corroborate, substantiate, validate, verify

recondite [ˈrekəndaɪt]

adj. 深奥的,晦涩的 (difficult or impossible for understanding)

词根记忆:re(反)+con(共同)+dit(说)+e→不是对所有人都能说明白→深奥的

constitute [ˈkɑːnstɪtuːt]

v. 组成,构成 (to form a whole) ;建立 (to establish)

词根记忆:con(共同)+stitut(建立,放)+e→建立

compose, comprise, institute

vigorous [ˈvɪɡərəs]

adj. 精力充沛的,有力的 (strong, healthy, and full of energy)

联想记忆:vigor(活力)+ous→精力充沛的

energetic, lusty, strenuous

ethos [ˈiːθɑːs]

n. (个人、团体或民族)风貌,气质 (the characteristic and distinguishing attitudes, habits, beliefs of an individual or of a group)

词根记忆:eth(看作ethn,民族)+os→风貌

capricious [kəˈprɪʃəs]

adj. 变化无常的,任性的 (erratic, flighty)

inconstant, lubricious, mercurial, whimsical, whimsied

capriciousness ( n. 反复无常;变化无常)

epic [ˈepɪk]

n. 叙事诗,史诗 (a long narrative poem) adj. 史诗的,叙事诗的;英雄的;大规模的 (of great size)

Telling gripping tales about a central character engaged in a mighty struggle with events, modern biographies satisfy the American appetite for epic narratives.

verify [ˈverɪfaɪ]

v. 证明,证实 (to establish the accuracy of)

词根记忆:ver(真实的)+ify(使)→使…真实→证明,证实

confirm, corroborate, justify, substantiate, validate

prevalent [ˈprevələnt]

adj. 流行的,盛行的 (widespread)

词根记忆:pre(在前面)+val(力量)+ent→有走在前面的力量的→流行的

prevailing, rampant, regnant, rife

prevalence ( n. 流行,盛行)

oust [aʊst]

v. 驱逐,把…赶走 (to expel; force out)

联想记忆:out(出去)中加上s→死也要让他出去→驱逐

vulnerable [ˈvʌlnərəbl]

adj. 易受伤的,脆弱的 (capable of being physically wounded; assailable)

词根记忆:vulner(伤)+able→总是受伤→易受伤的

renowned [rɪˈnaʊnd]

adj. 有名的 (having renown)

celebrated, famous

detriment [ˈdetrɪmənt]

n. 损害,伤害 (injury, damage)

词根记忆:de(加强)+tri(擦)+ment→用力擦→损害

fallacious [fəˈleɪʃəs]

adj. 欺骗性的,误导的 (misleading, deceptive) ;谬误的 (erroneous)

词根记忆:fall(错误)+aci+ous(多…的)→谬误的

fallacy ( n. 错误,谬论)

diplomatic [ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk]

adj. 外交的;圆滑的 (tactful and adroit; suave)

词根记忆:di(双,两)+plo(折叠)+matic→有着双重手段的→外交的

novice [ˈnɑːvɪs]

n. 生手,新手 (apprentice, beginner)

联想记忆:no(不)+vice(副的)→连副的都不是→新手

bolster [ˈbəʊlstər]

n. 枕垫 (cushion or pillow) v. 支持,鼓励 (to support, strengthen, or reinforce)

联想记忆:bol(倒着看lob)+ster→lobster(龙虾),拿龙虾当枕垫→枕垫

opprobrious [əˈprəʊbriəs]

adj. 辱骂的,侮辱的 (expressing scorn; abusive)

词根记忆:op(反)+pro(向前)+br(看作fer, 搬运)+ious→以相反的方向往前搬运→辱骂的

consummate [ˈkɑːnsəmət]

adj. 完全的,完善的 (complete or perfect) v. 完成 (to finish, accomplish)

词根记忆:con(共同)+sum(总数)+mate→总数的,全数的→完全的

blueprint [ˈbluːprɪnt]

n. 蓝图 (photographic print of building plans) ;方案 (detailed plan)

组合词:blue(蓝)+print(印刷的图)→蓝图

facile [ˈfæsl]

adj. 易做到的 (easily accomplished or attained) ;肤浅的 (superficial)

词根记忆:fac(做)+ile(能…的)→能做的→易做到的

underrate [ˌʌndəˈreɪt]

v. 低估,轻视 (to rate too low)

组合词:under(不足,少于)+rate(估价)→低估

The discovery that, friction excluded, all bodies fall at the same rate is so simple to state and to grasp that there is a tendency to underrate its significance.

turmoil [ˈtɜːrmɔɪl]

n. 混乱,骚乱 (a state of extreme confusion or agitation)

联想记忆:turm(看作turn,搅动)+oil(油)→似搅动翻滚的油→混乱,骚乱

Many of her followers remain loyal to her, and even those who have rejected her leadership are unconvinced of the wisdom of replacing her during the current turmoil .

tumult, turbulence

momentous [məʊˈmentəs]

adj. 极为重要的,重大的 (of great importance or consequence)

The failure of many psychotherapists to utilize the results of pioneering research could be due in part to the specialized nature of such findings: even momentous findings may not be useful.

consequential, considerable, significant, substantial

reprehensible [ˌreprɪˈhensəbl]

adj. 应受谴责的 (deserving reprehension, culpable)

When such reprehensible remarks are circulated, we can only blame and despise those who produce them.

blameworthy, blamable, blameful, censurable

verifiable [ˈverɪfaɪəbl]

adj. 能作证的 (capable of being verified)

confirmable, falsifiable

unverifiable ( adj. 无法核实的;不能证实的);verifiability ( n. 可验证性)

countenance [ˈkaʊntənəns]

v. 支持,赞成 (to sanction) n. 表情 (the look on a person’s face)

advocate, approbate, approve, encourage, favor

detour [ˈdiːtʊr]

v. 绕道,迂回 n. 弯路 (a roundabout way) ;绕行之路 (a route used when the direct or regular route is not available)

联想记忆:de+tour(旅行,走)→绕着走→绕道

detour around 绕行

counterbalance [ˌkaʊntərˈbæləns]

v. 起平衡作用 (to act as a balance to sb./sth.)

组合词:counter(反对,相反)+balance(平衡)→相反的两边保持平衡→起平衡作用

archive [ˈɑːrkaɪv]

n. 档案室 (a place where public record or document are kept)

misconstrue [ˌmɪskənˈstruː]

v. 误解,曲解

misapprehend, misconceive, misinterpret, misunderstand

devious [ˈdiːviəs]

adj. 不坦诚的 (not straightforward or frank) ;弯曲的,迂回的 (roundabout; winding)

词根记忆:de(偏离)+vi(道路)+ous→偏离正常道路的→弯曲的

eclectic [ɪˈklektɪk]

adj. 兼容并蓄的 (selecting the best from various systems, doctrines, or sources)

词根记忆:ec(出)+lect(选)+ic→选出的→兼容并蓄的

Although eclectic in her own responses to the plays she reviewed, the theatre critic was, paradoxically, suspicious of those who would deny that a reviewer must have a single method of interpretation.

eclecticism ( n. 折中主义)

salubrious [səˈluːbriəs]

adj. 有益健康的 (promoting health)

词根记忆:salubr(看作salu,健康)+ious→健康的→有益健康的

insalubrious ( adj. 肮脏破旧的)

dampen [ˈdæmpən]

v. (使)潮湿 (to make damp, moisten) ;使沮丧,泼凉水 (to deaden, depress)

来自damp ( adj. 潮湿的)

evoke [ɪˈvəʊk]

v. 引起 (to draw forth or elicit) ;唤起 (to call forth or summon a spirit)

词根记忆:e(出)+vok(喊)+e→喊出来→唤起

educe, induce

pervasive [pərˈveɪsɪv]

adj. 弥漫的,遍布的 (pervading or tending to pervade)

来自pervade ( v. 弥漫,遍及)

The influence of the Timaeus among early philosophical thinkers was pervasive , if only because it was the sole dialogue available in Europe for almost 1,000 years.

reparation [ˌrepəˈreɪʃn]

n. 赔偿,补偿 (repairing, restoration, compensation)

indolent [ˈɪndələnt]

adj. 懒惰的 (idle, lazy)

词根记忆:in(不)+dol(悲痛)+ent→不悲痛的→不因时间的流逝而悲痛的→懒惰的

faineant, slothful, slowgoing, work-shy

indolence ( n. 懒惰;好逸恶劳)

undermine [ˌʌndərˈmaɪn]

v. 破坏,削弱 (to subvert or weaken insidiously)

组合词:under(在…下面)+mine(挖)→在下面挖→破坏

It is no accident that most people find Davis’ book disturbing, for it is calculated to undermine a number of beliefs they have long cherished.

attenuate, cripple, debilitate, sap, unbrace

recalcitrant [rɪˈkælsɪtrənt]

adj. 顽抗的 (obstinately defiant of authority or restraint; unruly)

词根记忆:re(回)+calc(石头)+itrant→石头般的→顽抗的

succumb [səˈkʌm]

v. 屈从,屈服 (to yield to superior strength) ;因…死亡 (to die)

词根记忆:suc(下面)+cumb(躺)→躺下去→因…死亡

noisome [ˈnɔɪsəm]

adj. 有恶臭的 (offensive to the senses and especially to the sense of smell) ;令人 作呕的,令人讨厌的 (highly obnoxious or objectionable)

词根记忆:noi(看作annoy,讨厌)+some→讨厌的→令人讨厌的

autonomy [ɔːˈtɑːnəmi]

n. 自治,自主 (self-government, independent function)

词根记忆:auto(自己)+nomy(治理)→自治

propitiate [prəˈpɪʃieɪt]

v. 讨好 (to gain or regain the favor or goodwill of) ;抚慰 (to appease)

词根记忆:pro(在前)+pit(寻求)+iate→前呼后拥→讨好

At the height of the storm, the savages tried to propitiate the angry gods by offering sacrifices.

assuage, conciliate, mollify, pacify, placate

flaw [flɔː]

n. 瑕疵 (imperfection, defect) v. 生裂缝;变得有缺陷 (to become defective)

blemish, bug, fault, shortcoming

precarious [prɪˈkerəriəs]

adj. 根据不足的,未证实的 (dependent on uncertain premises) ;不稳固的,危 险的 (characterized by a lack of security or stability that threatens with danger, unsafe)

联想记忆:pre(在前面)+car(汽车)+ious→在汽车前面→危险的

Although his broker had told him that the stock was a precarious investment, he insisted on buying 100 shares.

teem [tiːm]

v. 充满 (to abound) ;到处都是 (to be present in large quantity) ;(雨、水等)暴降, 倾注

teeming ( adj. 大量的,充满的)

distort [dɪˈstɔːrt]

v. 扭曲,弄歪 (to twist sth. out of its usual shape)

词根记忆:dis(坏)+tort(扭曲)→扭坏了→弄歪

contort, deform, misshape, torture, warp

adhere [ədˈhɪr]

v. 粘着,坚持 (to stick fast, stay attached)

词根记忆:ad(加强)+here(粘连)→粘着

adhere to 坚持

retribution [ˌretrɪˈbjuːʃn]

n. 报应,惩罚 (sth. given as punishment)

词根记忆:re(反)+tribut(给予)+ion→反过来给予→报应

retribution for 因…而受到的报应

ungainly [ʌnˈɡeɪnli]

adj. 笨拙的 (lacking in smooth or dexterity, clumsy)

词根记忆:un(不)+gainly(优雅的)→笨拙的

calculable [ˈkælkjələbl]

adj. 可计算的 (subject to or ascertainable by calculation) ;可信赖的 (that may be counted on)

futile [ˈfjuːtl]

adj. 无效的,无用的 (completely ineffective) ;(人)没出息的;琐细的 (occupied with trifles)

联想记忆:f(看作fail,失败)+uti(用)+le→无法利用的→无效的,无用的

abortive, bootless, ineffectual, unavailing, vain

unimpeachable [ˌʌnɪmˈpiːtʃəbl]

adj. 无可指责的,无可怀疑的 (irreproachable, blameless)

词根记忆:un(不)+impeachable(可指责的)→无可指责的

antidote [ˈæntidəʊt]

n. 解药 (a remedy to counteract a poison)

词根记忆:anti(反)+dote(药剂)→反毒的药→解药

predecessor [ˈpredəsesər]

n. 前任,前辈 (the person who held an office or position before sb. else) ;原有事 物,前身 (sth. that has been replaced by another)

词根记忆:pre(在前面)+de+cess(走)+or→在前面走的人→前任,前辈

immense [ɪˈmens]

adj. 极大的 (very large) ;无限的 (limitless, infinite)

词根记忆:im(不)+mense(看作measure,测量)→不能测量的→极大的

have an immense influence on 对…有极大的影响

colossal, monstrous, prodigious, titanic

pervade [pərˈveɪd]

v. 弥漫,遍及 (to become diffused throughout)

词根记忆:per(贯穿)+vad(走)+e→走遍→弥漫,遍及

formulaic [ˌfɔːrmjuˈleɪɪk]

adj. 公式的,刻板的 (made up of fixed patterns of words or ideas)

contemptuous [kənˈtemptʃuəs]

adj. 鄙视的,表示轻蔑的 (showing contempt)

注意contemptible和contemptuous都来自contempt;contemptible是指做的事令人轻视,而contemptuous是指人轻视的态度。

blur [blɜːr]

n. 模糊不清的事物 (anything indistinct or hazy) v. 使…模糊 (to make or become hazy or indistinct)

比较记忆:slur ( v. 含糊不清地说)

nurture [ˈnɜːrtʃər]

v. 养育,教养 (to care for and educate) n. 养育 (the act of bringing up) ;营养物 (sth. that nourishes)

联想记忆:大自然(nature)像母亲一样养育(nurture)着人类

cultivate, foster

hitherto [ˌhɪðərˈtuː]

adv. 到目前为止 (until this or that time)

a hitherto unknown fact 至今无人知道的事实

discreet [dɪˈskriːt]

adj. 小心的,言行谨慎的 (prudent, modest)

词根记忆:dis(分开)+creet(分辨)→分辨出不同来→小心的;注意不要和discrete ( adj. 个别的)相混

calculating, cautious, chary, circumspect, gingerly

fusion [ˈfjuːʒn]

n. 融合 (a union by or as if by melting) ;核聚变 (union of atomic nuclear)

admixture, amalgam, blend, merger, mixture

esoteric [ˌesəˈterɪk]

adj. 秘传的;机密的,隐秘的 (beyond the understanding or knowledge of most people)

联想记忆:es(出)+oter(看作outer,外面的)+ic→不出外面的→秘传的

abstruse, occult, recondite

reproach [rɪˈprəʊtʃ]

n. 谴责,责骂 (an expression of rebuke or disapproval)

词根记忆:re(反)+proach(靠近)→以反对的方式靠近→谴责

admonish, chide, monish, reprimand, reprove

exemplary [ɪɡˈzempləri]

adj. 模范的,典范的 (serving as an example) ;可仿效的 (deserving imitation)

来自exemplar ( n. 模范,榜样)

assume [əˈsuːm]

v. 假定 (to accept sth. as true before there is proof) ;承担,担任 (to take on duties or responsibilities)

词根记忆:as(加强)+sume(拿,取)→拿住→承担

deference [ˈdefərəns]

n. 敬意,尊重 (courteous regard or respect)

deference to 对…尊重

exclusive [ɪkˈskluːsɪv]

adj. (人)孤僻的 (single and sole) ;(物)专用的 (not shared or divided)

词根记忆:ex(出)+clus(关闭)+ive→关在外面的→孤僻的

subtle [ˈsʌtl]

adj. 微妙的,精巧的 (delicate, refined)

An obvious style, easily identified by some superficial quirk, is properly decried as a mere mannerism, whereas a complex and subtle style resists reduction to a formula.

commiserate [kəˈmɪzəreɪt]

v. 同情,怜悯 (to feel or show sorrow or pity for sb.)

词根记忆:com(表加强)+miser(可怜)+ate→同情,怜悯

plastic [ˈplæstɪk]

adj. 创造性的,塑造的 (formative, creative) ;易受影响的 (easily influenced) 可塑的 (capable of being molded or modeled)

adaptable, ductile, malleable, moldable, pliant, supple

oblivious [əˈblɪviəs]

adj. 遗忘的,忘却的 (lacking all memory, forgetful) ;疏忽的 (lacking conscious awareness, unmindful)

词根记忆:obliv(忘记)+ious→遗忘的;疏忽的

disinclination [ˌdɪsˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn]

n. 不愿意,不情愿 (a preference for avoiding sth.)

aversion, disfavor, dislike, disrelish, dissatisfaction

impartial [ɪmˈpɑːrʃl]

adj. 公平的,无私的 (without prejudice or bias)

词根记忆:im(不)+partial(偏见的)→没有偏见的→公平的

New judges often fear that the influence of their own backgrounds will condition their verdicts, no matter how sincere they are in wanting to be impartial .

dispassionate, equitable, nondiscriminatory, unbiased, unprejudiced

baroque [bəˈrəʊk]

adj. 过分装饰的 (gaudily ornate)

由17世纪巴洛克艺术而来,以古怪精巧为特色。

ameliorate [əˈmiːliəreɪt]

v. 改善,改良 (to improve)

词根记忆:a(表加强)+melior(更好)+ate→改善,改良

ameliorable ( adj. 可改善的)

inimitable [ɪˈnɪmɪtəbl]

adj. 无法仿效的 (incapable of being imitated or matched)

词根记忆:in(不)+imit(模仿)+able→不能被模仿的→无法仿效的

triumph [ˈtraɪʌmf]

n. 成功,胜利(的喜悦或满足) v. 成功,获胜 (to obtain victory)

联想记忆:胜利(triumph)之后吹喇叭(trump)

conquer, overcome, prevail

deliberate [dɪˈlɪbərət] / [dɪˈlɪbəreɪt]

adj. 深思熟虑的 (carefully thought out and formed) ;故意的 (done on purpose) v. 慎重考虑 (to think or consider carefully and fully)

词根记忆:de(加强)+liber(考虑)+ate→多加考虑的→深思熟虑的

base [beɪs]

adj. 卑鄙的 (devoid of high values or ethics)

premature [ˌpriːməˈtʃʊr]

adj. 早熟的,过早的 (developing or happening before the natural or proper time)

词根记忆:pre(预先)+matur(成熟的)+e→还没成熟的→早熟的,过早的

dispute [dɪˈspjuːt]

v. 争论 (to argue about, debate)

词根记忆:dis(分开)+put(思考)+e→各人思考不同→争论

perennial [pəˈreniəl]

adj. 终年的,全年的 (present all the year) ;永久的,持久的 (perpetual, enduring)

词根记忆:per(全部)+enn(年)+ial→全年的;永久的

A perennial goal in zoology is to infer function from structure, relating the behavior of an organism to its physical form and cellular organization.

continuing, eternal, lifelong, permanent

ebb [eb]

v. 退潮 (to recede from the flood) ;衰退 (to decline, wane)

发音记忆:“二步”→退后一步→衰退

evasive [ɪˈveɪsɪv]

adj. 回避的,逃避的,推脱的 (tending or intended to evade)

来自evade ( v. 躲避,逃避)

In the midst of so many evasive comments, this forthright statement, whatever its intrinsic merit, plainly stands out as an anomaly.

curtail [kɜːrˈteɪl]

v. 削减,缩短 (to make sth. shorter or less)

联想记忆:cur(看作curt,短)+tail(尾巴)→短尾巴→缩短

abridge, diminish, lessen, minify

copious [ˈkəʊpiəs]

adj. 丰富的,多产的 (plentiful, abundant)

联想记忆:copi(看作copy)+ous→能复制很多→丰富的

overt [əʊˈvɜːrt]

adj. 公开的,非秘密的 (apparent, manifest)

词根记忆:o(出)+vert(转)→转出来→公开的

Such an overt act of hostility can only lead to war.

placebo [pləˈsiːbəʊ]

n. 安慰剂 (a substance containing no medication and prescribed or given to reinforce a patient’s expectation to get well) ;起安慰作用的东西 (sth. tending to soothe)

词根记忆:plac(使平静)+ebo→安慰剂

deprecate [ˈdeprəkeɪt]

v. 反对 (to express disapproval of) ;轻视 (to belittle)

词根记忆:de(去掉)+prec(价值)+ate→去掉价值→轻视

accommodate [əˈkɑːmədeɪt]

v. 与…一致 (to make fit, suitable, or congruous) ;提供住宿 (to make room for) ;顺 应,使适应

联想记忆:ac+commo(看作common,普通的)+date(日子)→人们适应了过普通的日子→使适应

attune, harmonize, reconcile

cosmopolitan [ˌkɑːzməˈpɑːlɪtən]

adj. 世界性的,全球的 (having worldwide rather than limited or provincial scope or bearing) n. 世界主义者,四海为家的人 (a person who has traveled widely and feels equally at home everywhere)

cosmopolitanism ( n. 世界性,世界主义)

grumble [ˈɡrʌmbl]

v. 嘟囔,抱怨,发牢骚 (to utter or mumble in discontent)

grumble at 抱怨

respite [ˈrespɪt]

n. 休息 (an interval of rest or relief) ;暂缓 (a period of temporary delay)

词根记忆:re(再)+spit(看作spect,看)+e→再看一下→暂缓

invigorate [ɪnˈvɪɡəreɪt]

v. 鼓舞,使精力充沛 (to give life and energy to)

词根记忆:in(使)+vigor(活力)+ate→使充满活力→使精力充沛

endorse [ɪnˈdɔːrs]

v. 赞同 (to approve openly) ;背书 (to write one’s name on the back)

词根记忆:en(使)+dors(背)+e→在背后签字→背书

probity [ˈprəʊbəti]

n. 刚直,正直 (uprightness, honesty)

Such was Brandon’s probity that he was at times described as being honest as the day was long.

fastidious [fæˈstɪdiəs]

adj. 难取悦的,挑剔的 (not easy to please; very critical or discriminating)

联想记忆:fast(绝食)+idious(看作tedious,乏味的)→因乏味而绝食→挑剔的

fastidiousness ( n. 挑剔)

impetuous [ɪmˈpetʃuəs]

adj. 冲动的,鲁莽的 (impulsive, sudden)

an impetuous decision 草率的决定

impetuously ( adv. 冲动地,激烈地)

convoluted [ˈkɑːnvəluːtɪd]

adj. 旋绕的 (coiled, spiraled) ;费解的 (extremely involved, intricate, complicated)

词根记忆:con(共同)+volut(转)+ed→全部转→旋绕的

convolution ( n. 错综复杂;晦涩费解)

pedestrian [pəˈdestriən]

adj. 徒步的 (going or performed on foot) ;缺乏想象力的 (unimaginative) n. 行人 (a person traveling on foot)

词根记忆:ped(脚)+estr+ian(表人)→用脚走路的人→行人

We were amazed that a man who had been heretofore the most pedestrian of public speakers could, in a single speech, electrify an audience and bring them cheering to their feet.

enterprise [ˈentərpraɪz]

n. 公司,企业 (business company or firm) ;进取心 (willingness to take risks and do difficult or new things)

caricature [ˈkærɪkətʃər]

n. 讽刺画;滑稽模仿 (art that has the qualities of caricature)

联想记忆:car(汽车)+i(我)+cat(猫)+ure→我在汽车和猫之间→很滑稽的样子→滑稽模仿

burlesque, mock, mockery, travesty

beset [bɪˈset]

v. 镶嵌 (to set or stud with or as if with ornaments) ;困扰 (to harass from all directions)

temptation [tempˈteɪʃn]

n. 诱惑,诱惑物 (sth. tempting)

In discussing Rothko’s art, Breslin is scrupulous in keeping to the facts and resisting the temptation of fanciful interpretation.

allurement, decoy, enticement, inveiglement, lure

misnomer [ˌmɪsˈnəʊmər]

n. 名称的误用 (an error in naming a person or place) ;误用的名称 (a name wrongly or unsuitably applied to a person or an object)

词根记忆:mis(错)+nom(名字)+er→名称的误用

The term mole rat is a misnomer , for these small, furless rodents are neither moles nor rats.

homogeneous [ˌhəʊməˈdʒiːniəs]

adj. 同类的,相似的 (of the same or similar kind or nature)

a homogeneous grouping of students 一组同类的学生

precede [prɪˈsiːd]

v. 在…之前,早于 (to be earlier than)

词根记忆:pre(在前面)+ced(走)+e→走在…之前→早于

document [ˈdɑːkjumənt] / [ˈdɑːkjument]

n. 文件 (an original or official paper) v. 为…提供书面证明 (to prove or support with documents)

certification, documentation, monument

documentarian ( n. 纪实小说作者,纪录片导演)

turbulent [ˈtɜːrbjələnt]

adj. 混乱的 (causing unrest, violence, or disturbance) ;骚乱的 (tempestuous)

词根记忆:turb(搅动)+ulent(多…的)→搅动太多的→骚乱的

altruism [ˈæltruɪzəm]

n. 利他主义;无私 (selflessness)

词根记忆:altru(其他)+ism(主义)→利他主义

curt [kɜːrt]

adj. (言词、行为)简略而草率的 (brief, esp. to the point of rudeness; terse)

impeccable [ɪmˈpekəbl]

adj. 无瑕疵的 (faultless, flawless)

词根记忆:im(无)+pecc(斑点)+able→无斑点的→无瑕疵的

fleckless, immaculate, indefectible, irreproachable, perfect

rationale [ˌræʃəˈnæl]

n. 基本原理 (fundamental reasons, the basis)

pursuit [pərˈsuːt]

n. 追赶 (the act of pursuing) ;职业 (occupation)

联想记忆:钱包(purse)被小偷偷去,赶忙追赶(pursuit)

deleterious [ˌdeləˈtɪriəs]

adj. 有害的,有毒的 (harmful often in a subtle or unexpected way, injurious)

词根记忆:delete(删除)+rious→要删除的东西→有害的

damaging, detrimental, hurtful, mischievous

urbane [ɜːrˈbeɪn]

adj. 温文尔雅的 (notably polite or polished in manner)

refined, svelte

profound [prəˈfaʊnd]

adj. 深的 (deep) ;深刻的,深远的 (very strongly felt) ;渊博的;深奥的 (difficult to fathom or understand)

词根记忆:pro(在…前)+found(创立)→有超前创见性的→深刻的,深远的

No one is neutral about Stephens; he inspires either uncritical adulation or profound antipathy in those who work for him.

abstruse, esoteric, occult, recondite

cogent [ˈkəʊdʒənt]

adj. 有说服力的 (compelling, convincing, valid)

词根记忆:cog(齿轮牙)+ent→像齿轮牙咬合一样严谨→有说服力的

cogent arguments 有说服力的争辩

antagonistic [ænˌtæɡəˈnɪstɪk]

adj. 敌对的,对抗性的 (marked by or resulting from antagonism)

adverse, antipathetic, opposed, opposing

confound [kənˈfaʊnd]

v. 使迷惑,搞混 (to puzzle and surprise someone)

词根记忆:con(共同)+found(基础)→把基础的东西全放到一起了→搞混

humanitarian [hjuːˌmænɪˈteriən]

n. 人道主义者 (a person promoting human welfare and social reform)

philanthropist

intact [ɪnˈtækt]

adj. 完整的,完好无缺的 (complete, unimpaired)

词根记忆:in(不)+tact(接触)→未被接触过的→完整的

The hierarchy of medical occupations is in many ways a caste system; its strata remain intact and the practitioners in them have very little vertical mobility.

flawless, unblemished, unmarred

economy [ɪˈkɑːnəmi]

n. 节约 (thrifty and efficient use of material resources) ;经济 (the structure or conditions of economic life) adj. 经济的 (designed to save money)

词根记忆:eco(环境;经济)+nomy(某一领域的知识、理论)→经济

frugality

bureaucracy [bjʊˈrɑːkrəsi]

n. 官僚主义;官僚体制 (an administrative policymaking group)

词根记忆:bureau(政府机构)+cracy(统治)→政府统治→官僚体制

egotism [ˈiːɡəʊɪzəm]

n. 利己主义;自我中心 (an inflated sense of one’s own importance, conceit)

词根记忆:ego(自我)+t+ism(…主义)→利己主义 /U5Mj7jy6Lwtw2IAEHEvrV1FbgjuskAoGBzDS53ojoPBHJsNRV52bQLFK/MS0RlM

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