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Word List 07

音 频

影视剧场景

disparate [ˈdɪspərət]

adj. 迥然不同的 (essentially not alike; distinct or different in kind)

词根记忆:dis(不)+par(平等)+ate→不平等的→迥然不同的

foster [ˈfɔːstər]

v. 鼓励,促进 (to promote the growth or development of sth.) ;养育,抚养 (to give parental care to)

联想记忆:fost(看作fast,快速的)+er→鼓励,促进

In attempting to reconcile estranged spouses, counselors try to foster a spirit of compromise rather than one of stubborn implacability.

contentious [kənˈtenʃəs]

adj. 好争吵的 (argumentative, belligerent) ;有争议的 (controversial)

a contentious issue 有争议的问题

contentiousness ( n. 争论)

nebulous [ˈnebjələs]

adj. 模糊的 (hazy, indistinct, vague) ;云状的 (cloudlike)

词根记忆:nebul(云)+ous→云状的

hale [heɪl]

adj. 健壮的,矍铄的 (free from defect, disease, or infirmity sound; healthy)

词根记忆:hal(呼吸)+e→呼吸得很好的→精神矍铄的

renounce [rɪˈnaʊns]

v. 声明放弃 (to give up or resign by formal declaration) ;拒绝,否认 (to refuse to follow, obey, or recognize any further)

词根记忆:re(重新)+nounc(讲话,通告)+e→重新宣布→声明放弃

squander [ˈskwɑːndər]

v. 浪费,挥霍 (to spend extravagantly)

源自方言,因莎士比亚在《威尼斯商人》一剧中使用而广泛流传

ascetic [əˈsetɪk]

adj. 禁欲的 (self-denying) n. 苦行者 (anyone who lives with strict self-discipline)

来自希腊文,原意是“刻苦锻炼并隐居的人”

astringent, austere, mortified, severe, stern

revitalize [ˌriːˈvaɪtəlaɪz]

v. 使重新充满活力 (to give new life or vigor to; rejuvenate)

词根记忆:re(反)+vital(有活力的)+ize(使)→使重新有活力

tyrant [ˈtaɪrənt]

n. 暴君 (a ruler who exercises absolute power oppressively or brutally)

autocrat, despot

impertinent [ɪmˈpɜːrtnənt]

adj. 不切题的 (irrelevant) ;无礼的,莽撞的 (exceeding the limits of propriety or good manners)

tarpaulin [tɑːrˈpɔːlɪn]

n. 柏油帆布 (a piece of material used especially for protecting exposed objects or areas)

rodent [ˈrəʊdnt]

n. 啮齿动物 (a group of small animals with strong sharp front teeth)

climatologist [ˌklaɪməˈtɑːlədʒist]

n. 气候学家 (an expert in the scientific study of climate)

词根记忆:climat(e)(气候)+ologist(…学家)→气候学家

Climatologists observed in 1964 that a slow warming of the surface of the North Atlantic in the 1910s and 1920s could well have been driven by a surge of warm water up the Gulf Stream.

patchwork [ˈpætʃwɜːrk]

n. 拼缝物 (something composed of miscellaneous or incongruous parts)

组合词:patch(补丁)+ work(作品)→拼缝物

heretofore [ˌhɪrtuˈfɔːr]

adv. 在这之前 (up to this time)

unionism [ˈjuːniənɪzəm]

n. 工会主义 (the principle or policy of forming or adhering to a union)

词根记忆:union(工会)+ism(主义)→工会主义

industrial unionism 产业工会主义

gland [ɡlænd]

n. (an organ in a person’s or an animal’s body that produces a substance for the body to use)

adrenal glands 肾上腺

forebear [ˈfɔːrber]

n. 祖先 (ancestor)

词根记忆:fore(前面)+bear(出生)→出生在前的→祖先

forbearance ( n. 宽容)

seismologist [ˌsaɪzˈmɑːlədʒɪst]

n. 地震学家 (a scientist who studies earthquakes)

词根记忆:seism(地震)+ologist(…学家)→地震学家

antiquated [ˈæntɪkweɪtɪd]

adj. 陈旧的,过时的 (outmoded or discredited by reason of age) ;年老的 (advanced in age)

antiquated idea 过时的想法

antique, archaic, dated

flamboyant [flæmˈbɔɪənt]

adj. 艳丽的,显眼的,炫耀的 (too showy or ornate; florid; extravagant)

联想记忆:flam(火)+boy(男孩)+ant(蚂蚁)→男孩和蚂蚁高举火把→显眼的

Thomas Paine, whose political writing was often flamboyant , was in private life a surprisingly simple man: he lived in rented rooms, ate little, and wore drab clothes.

flamboyance ( n. 华丽;浮夸)

cast [kæst]

n. 演员阵容;剧团 (troupe) v. (to throw) ;铸造 (to give a shape to (a substance) by pouring in liquid into a mold)

whimsical [ˈwɪmzɪkl]

adj. 古怪的,异想天开的 (exhibiting whims)

capricious, impulsive

whimsicality ( n. 异想天开;反复无常)

reticent [ˈretɪsnt]

adj. 沉默寡言的 (inclined to be silent; reserved)

词根记忆:retic(安静)+ent→安静的→沉默寡言的

Though extremely reticent about his own plans, the man allowed his associates no such privacy and was constantly soliciting information about what they intended to do next.

taciturn, uncommunicative

reticence ( n. 沉默)

unwieldy [ʌnˈwiːldi]

adj. 难控制的;笨重的 (not easily managed or used; cumbersome)

联想记忆:un(不)+wieldy(易控制的)→难控制的

archaeologist [ˌɑːrkiˈɑːlədʒɪst]

n. 考古学家 (a person who studies archaeology)

词根记忆:archae(古代的,原始的)+o+logist(…学家)→考古学家

semantic [sɪˈmæntɪk]

adj. 语义的 (of or relating to meaning in language)

词根记忆:seman(语义)+tic→语义的

By the combination of radicals or semantic elements, single compound words can express complex conceptual relations, often of an abstract universal character.

semantically ( adv. 语义地)

idiosyncrasy [ˌɪdiəˈsɪŋkrəsi]

n. 个性 (a structural or behavioral characteristic peculiar to an individual or group)

词根记忆:idio(特殊的;个人的)+syn(共同)+crasy→个人特质的总和→个性

cease [siːs]

v. 停止,终止,结束 (to stop happening or existing)

联想记忆:c+ease(安逸,安心)→生于忧患,死于安乐→停止,终止

contract [kənˈtrækt] / [ˈkɑːntrækt]

v. 收缩,缩小 (to become less or smaller) n. 合同 (an official written agreement)

词根记忆:con(表加强)+tract(拉,拽)→拉到一起→缩小

deforestation [ˌdiːˌfɔːrɪˈsteɪʃn]

n. 毁林,滥伐森林 (the action or process of clearing of forests)

词根记忆:de(夺去)+forest(森林)+ation→毁林

Deforestation results in higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere because the carbon stored in plants and trees is released when trees decay or are burned.

legacy [ˈleɡəsi]

n. 遗产 (something handed down from an ancestor or from the past)

emendation [ˌiːmenˈdeɪʃn]

n. 校订;修改 (an alteration designed to correct or improve)

词根记忆:e(表加强)+mend(修改)+ation(表行为)→校订

revision

doom [duːm]

n. 死亡,厄运 (death or destruction) v. 注定…的命运 (to fix the fate of)

联想记忆:情绪(mood)影响命运(doom)

strain [streɪn]

n. (动、植物的)系,品系,品种 (kind, sort)

The populations of wild rice along the Yangtze represent strains of wild rice that migrated to the north relatively recently.

taint [teɪnt]

v. 污损 (to damage or harm the quality of something)

metallic [məˈtælɪk]

adj. 含金属的 (made of or containing a metal)

来自metal ( n. 金属)

metallic particle 金属粒子

distend [dɪˈstend]

v. (使)膨胀,肿胀 (to enlarge, expand, or stretch out)

词根记忆:dis(分开)+tend(拉)→拉开→(使)膨胀

grouchy [ˈɡraʊtʃi]

adj. 爱发牢骚的,好抱怨的 (bad-tempered and often complaining)

grouchiness( n. 不高兴,发牢骚)

errant [ˈerənt]

adj. 犯错误的,行为不当的 (behaving wrongly)

词根记忆:err(错误)+ant(具有…性质的)→犯错误的

fallible

tonic [ˈtɑːnɪk]

adj. 恢复健康的 (increasing or restoring physical or mental tone)

restorative

yardstick [ˈjɑːrdstɪk]

n. 衡量标准 (a standard for making a critical judgment) ;码尺 (a ruler for measuring one yard)

组合词:yard(码)+stick(棍)→测量码数的木棍→码尺

rational [ˈræʃnəl]

adj. 理性的 (relating to, based on, or agreeable to reason)

词根记忆:rat(计算,思考) +ion +al→理性的

consequent, logical, reasonable, sensible

skeleton [ˈskelɪtn]

n. 框架 (something forming a structural framework) ;骨架 (the structure of bones)

framework

effluvium [eˈflʊvɪəm]

n. 恶臭 (an unpleasant smell or exhalation)

词根记忆:ef(看作e,出来)+fluv(看作flu,流)+ium→流出来不好闻的物质→恶臭

stink

algorithm [ˈælɡərɪðəm]

n. (尤指电脑程序中的)算法,运算法则 (a set of rules that must be followed when solving a particular problem)

honorific [ˌɑːnəˈrɪfɪk]

adj. 表示尊敬的 (conferring or showing respect or honor)

词根记忆:honor(尊敬)+ific(…的)→尊敬的

metaphor [ˈmetəfər]

n. 暗喻 (a figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison)

词根记忆:meta(改变)+phor(带来)→(语言)改变着说→隐喻

atavistic [ˌætəˈvɪstɪk]

adj. 返祖性的 (related to the attitudes and behaviour of the first humans)

词根记忆:atav(祖先)+istic(关于…的)→关于祖先的→返祖性的

atavism ( n. 隔代遗传)

indeterminate [ˌɪndɪˈtɜːrmɪnət]

adj. 不确定的 (not definitely or precisely determined or fixed)

联想记忆:im(不)+determinate (可确定的)→不确定的

indeterminacy ( n. 不确定)

concrete [ˈkɑːnkriːt]

adj. 确实的,具体的 (based on facts, not on ideas or guesses)

词根记忆:con(共同)+cret(做)+e→共同做出来的→有形的

touchstone [ˈtʌtʃstəʊn]

adj. 试金石;检验标准 (a test or criterion for determining the quality or genuineness of a thing)

组合词:touch(触摸)+stone(石头)→通过触摸石头知道好坏→试金石

inattention [ˌɪnəˈtenʃn]

n. 不注意 (failure to pay attention)

联想记忆:in(不)+attention (注意)→不注意

inflammatory [ɪnˈflæmətɔːri]

adj. 煽动性的 (tending to excite anger, disorder, or tumult)

词根记忆:in(向内)+flamm(看作flam,火)+atory→煽风点火→煽动性的

provocative

apology [əˈpɑːlədʒi]

n. 道歉;谢罪;致歉 (a word or statement saying sorry)

词根记忆:apo(远离)+log(说)+y→为了远离(争吵)而说的话→道歉

apologist ( n. 辩护者,辩解者)

herstory [ˈhərstri]

n. (女性的)历史 (history considered from a feminist viewpoint)

组合词:her(她的)+story(故事)→讲述、记录她的故事→(女性的)历史

Herstory designated women’s place at the center of an alternative narrative of past events.

fabled [ˈfeɪbld]

adj. 传说中的 (famous and often talked about, but rarely seen)

联想记忆:和fable ( n. 寓言)一起记

glacier [ˈɡleɪʃər]

n. 冰川 (a large body of ice moving slowly down a slope or valley or spreading outward on a land surface)

词根记忆:glaci(冰)+er→冰川

Samples taken from the ice of glaciers show that during the last ice age there was far more dust in the atmosphere than there is now.

tenancy [ˈtenənsi]

n. 租赁,租用 (a holding of an estate or a mode of holding an estate)

词根记忆:ten(拿)+ancy→拿(钱)租房→租赁

permanent [ˈpɜːrmənənt]

adj. 长久的 (lasting or remaining without essential change)

词根记忆:per(贯穿)+man(保持)+ent(形容词后缀)→始终保持→长久的

ceaseless, dateless,, endless, eternal, perpetual, undying

hagiography [ˌhæɡiˈɑːɡrəfi]

n. 圣徒传 (the writing of the lives of saints)

词根记忆:hagio(神圣的)+graph(写)+y→圣徒传

hagiographic ( adj. 圣徒传记的,理想化的)

pulsar [ˈpʌlsɑːr]

n. 脉冲星 (a star that cannot be seen but that sends out regular rapid radio signals)

联想记忆:有pulse(脉搏)的star(星星)就是脉冲星

obtrusive [əbˈtruːsɪv]

adj. 显眼的 (undesirably noticeable)

词根记忆:ob(表加强)+trus(推,插入)+ive→使劲向前推→扎眼的

conspicuous

sleazy [ˈsliːzi]

adj. 肮脏的,污秽的 (dirty)

In politics, tactical calculations about which groups a candidate should appeal to are never pleasant, but they are not always sleazy and sometimes they are necessary.

discrimination [dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn]

n. 歧视 (prejudiced or prejudicial outlook, action, or treatment)

词根记忆:dis(表加强)+crimin(区别)+ation(表名词)→区别对待→歧视

sexual discrimination 性别歧视;nonracial discrimination 非种族歧视

upend [ʌpˈend]

v. 使倒立,倒放 (to stand, set, or turn on one end)

nourish [ˈnɜːrɪʃ]

v. 抚养 (to provide with food or other substances necessary for life and growth) 促进 (to foster the development of; promote)

词根记忆:nour(滋养)+ish→滋养→抚养

outdo [ˌaʊtˈduː]

v. 优于 (to do more or better than in performance or action)

eclipse

loathe [ləʊð]

v. 极不喜欢 (to dislike greatly)

abhor, abominate, despise, detest, execrate

scrutiny [ˈskruːtəni]

n. 详细审查 (a searching study, inquiry, or inspection )

词根记忆:scrutin(检查)+y→仔细检查→详细审查

strict scrutiny of legislation 对立法的严格审查

inspection

ophthalmic [ɑːfˈθælmɪk]

adj. 眼的,眼科的 (relating to the eye; ocular)

词根记忆:ophthalm(眼睛)+ic(…的)→眼的

ophthalmology ( n. 眼科学)

wayward [ˈweɪwərd]

adj. 无规律的 (following no clear pattern) ;难以控制的,任性的 (being difficult to control)

词根记忆:way(路)+ward(向…的)→向四面八方的路走去→难以控制的

unpredictable, errant

barring [ˈbɑːrɪŋ]

prep. 除了;除非 (unless)

联想记忆:bar(栅栏)+ring(圆圈)→用栅栏挡在外面的→除了

comprise [kəmˈpraɪz]

v. 包括,包含 (consist of)

词根记忆:com(表加强)+pris(抓)+e→(包括)抓住的东西→包含

bound [baʊnd]

n. 界限,限制,范围 (a limiting line) adj. 准备前往 (intending to go)

reasonable bounds 合理界限;be bound for 准备前往

opprobrium [əˈprəʊbriəm]

n. 谴责 (scornful reproach or contempt) ;耻辱 (something that brings disgrace)

precipitation [prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn]

n. 降水 (any form of water, such as rain, snow, that falls to the earth’s surface) 匆忙 (abrupt or impulsive haste)

词根记忆:pre(在前)+cip(头)+itation→降水好似从天上一头栽下来→降水

theatrical [θiˈætrɪkl]

adj. 戏剧的,戏剧性的 (of or relating to the theater or the presentation of plays; dramatic)

Crowther maintained that the current revival was the most fatuous and inane production of the entire theatrical season.

optimism [ˈɑːptɪmɪzəm]

n. 乐观主义 (a tendency to expect the best possible outcome or dwell on the most hopeful aspects of a situation)

词根记忆:optim(最好的)+ism→什么都往最好的一面想→乐观主义

formidable [ˈfɔːrmɪdəbl]

adj. 令人畏惧的,可怕的 (causing fear or dread) ;难以克服的 (hard to handle or overcome)

Even though formidable winters are the norm in the Dakotas, many people were unprepared for the ferocity of the blizzard of 1888.

strip [strɪp]

v. 剥去 (to remove clothing on covering from) n. 狭长的一片 (a long narrow piece)

联想记忆:s(音似“死”)+trip(旅行)→死亡剥夺了人在世间的旅行→剥去

denude, disrobe

usher [ˈʌʃər]

v. 引导,引领 (to lead or conduct)

usher in sth. 开创,开始

steer

caveat [ˈkæviæt]

n. 警告,告诫 (a warning)

联想记忆:cave(山洞)+at(在…)→在山洞里要小心→警告

autism [ˈɔːtɪzəm]

n. 自闭症,孤独症 (a mental condition in which a person is unable to communicate or form relationships with others)

词根记忆:aut(自己)+ism(表状态)→自我的一种状态→自闭症

trickster [ˈtrɪkstər]

n. 骗子 (a person who tricks or cheats people)

词根记忆:trick(骗局)+ster(人)→骗子

bighearted [ˌbɪɡˈhɑːrtɪd]

adj. 善良的,慷慨的 (generous)

联想记忆:big(大的)+heart(心)+ed→心眼很大的→慷慨的

manifest [ˈmænɪfest]

adj. 明显的 (clearly apparent to the sight or understanding; obvious) v. 展示 (to make evident or certain by showing or displaying)

联想记忆:mani(手)+fest(仇恨)→仇恨到动手→(恨)明显的

obvious, bespeak, demonstrate, display, evince, expose, reveal

divestiture [daɪˈvestɪtʃər]

n. 剥离资产的行为 (the act of divesting)

词根记忆:di(使分开)+vest(穿衣服)+iture(行为)→剥夺

interglacial [ˌɪntərˈɡleɪʃl]

adj. 间冰期的 n. 间冰期 (a warm period between glacial epochs)

词根记忆:inter(中间,之间)+glaci(冰)+al(…的)→间冰期的

interglacial period 间冰期

concur [kənˈkɜːr]

v. 同意,赞同 (to agree)

词根记忆:con(共同)+cur(跑)→共同朝一个方向跑→同意

milieu [mɪlˈjuː]

n. 社会环境 (the physical or social setting in which something occurs or develops)

atmosphere, environs, surroundings

apathy [ˈæpəθi]

n. 冷漠;淡漠 (lack of feeling or emotion)

词根记忆:a(不,无)+path(感觉)+y→没感觉→冷漠

passivity

monotonous [məˈnɑːtənəs]

adj. 单调乏味的 (tediously repetitious or lacking in variety)

来自 monotone ( n. 单调)

arid, dreary, drudging, jejune, monochromatic, pedestrian, ponderous, stale

outrage [ˈaʊtreɪdʒ]

n. 愤怒 (the anger and resentment aroused by injury or insult) ;暴行 (an act of violence or brutality)

组合词:out(外面)+rage(疯狂)→疯狂到了极点→暴行

angered, apoplectic, ballistic, enraged, furious, incensed, inflamed, infuriated, irate, ireful

fetal [ˈfiːtl]

adj. 胎儿的 (of, relating to, or being a fetus)

来自fetus ( n. 胎儿)

morph [mɔːrf]

v. (使)变形(利用电脑动画制作使图像平稳变换) (to transform by computer)

revanchism [rɪˈvæntʃɪzəm]

n. (尤指国家为收复失地的)复仇主义 (a political policy aimed at revenge or the regaining of lost territories)

联想记忆:revanch(复仇)+ism(…主义)→复仇主义

apropos [ˌæprəˈpəʊ]

adj. 适当的 (seasonable) adv. 适当地 (seasonably) prep. 有关 (with reference to; regarding)

联想记忆:a+prop(看作proper,适当的)+os→适当的(地)

taxing [ˈtæksɪŋ]

adj. 繁重的 (burdensome)

来自tax ( v. 向…征税;使负重担)

perfidious [pərˈfɪdiəs]

adj. 不忠的,背信弃义的 (faithless)

词根记忆:per(假装)+fid(相信)+ious→假装相信的→不忠的,背信弃义的

perfidiousness ( n. 不忠实;背信弃义)

eviscerate [ɪˈvɪsəreɪt]

v. 取出内脏 (to remove the viscera from; disembowel) ;除去主要部分 (to deprive of vital content or force)

词根记忆:e(向外)+viscera(内脏)+te→取出内脏

congruent [ˈkɑːŋɡruənt]

adj. 全等的,一致的 (having identical shape and size)

词根记忆:con(表加强)+gru(看作gree,一致)+ent→全等的,一致的

incongruent ( adj. 不协调的,不和谐的,不合适的)

eccentric [ɪkˈsentrɪk]

adj. 古怪的,反常的 (deviating from the norm; unconventional) ;(指圆形)没有共 同圆心的 n. 古怪的人 (an eccentric person)

词根记忆:ec(出)+centr(中心)+ic→离开中心→古怪的

In Germany her startling powers as a novelist are widely admired, but she is almost unknown in the English-speaking world because of the difficulties of translating her eccentric prose.

eccentricity ( n. 古怪行为,反常)

imperative [ɪmˈperətɪv]

adj. 紧急的 (urgent, pressing)

词根记忆:imper(命令)+ative→命令的,紧急的→紧急的

Although strong legal remedies for nonpayment of child support are available, the delay and expense associated with these remedies make it imperative to develop other options.

exigent, importunate

ascribe [əˈskraɪb]

v. 归因于,归咎于 (to consider sth. to be caused by)

词根记忆:a(加强)+scribe(写)→把(错误原因)写上去→归因于,归咎于

recapitulate [ˌriːkəˈpɪtʃuleɪt]

v. 扼要重述 (to repeat the principal points; summarize)

词根记忆:re(重新)+capit(头)+ulate→将核心(即“头”)重新讲述一遍→扼要重述

recapitulation ( n. 扼要重述)

thrive [θraɪv]

v. 茁壮成长;繁荣,兴旺 (to prosper, flourish)

联想记忆:th+rive(看作river,河)→《清明上河图》描绘了北宋时期汴京的繁荣景象→繁荣,兴旺

compelling [kəmˈpelɪŋ]

adj. 引起兴趣的 (keenly interesting, captivating)

a compelling subject 感兴趣的学科

strenuous [ˈstrenjuəs]

adj. 奋发的 (vigorously active) ;热烈的 (fervent, zealous)

earnest, energetic, spirited

imperturbable [ˌɪmpərˈtɜːrbəbl]

adj. 冷静的,沉着的 (unshakably calm and collected)

词根记忆:im(不)+perturb(扰乱)+able(…的)→不被扰乱的→冷静的,沉着的

During the Battle of Trafalgar, Admiral Nelson remained imperturbable and in full command of the situation in spite of the hysteria and panic all around him.

cool, disimpassioned, unflappable, unruffled

evanescent [ˌevəˈnesnt]

adj. 易消失的 (vanishing) ;短暂的 (ephemeral, transient)

词根记忆:e(向外)+van(空)+escent(开始…的)→一出现就空了的→短暂的

evanescence ( n. 渐渐消失)

fast [fæst]

n. 禁食,斋戒 (the practice of very) adv. 很快地;紧紧地;深沉地

somber [ˈsɑːmbər]

adj. 忧郁的 (melancholy) ;阴暗的 (dark and gloomy)

dim, grave, shadowy, shady

bootless [ˈbuːtləs]

adj. 无益处的 (without advantage or benefit) ;无用的 (useless)

futile, otiose, unavailing

sanguine [ˈsæŋɡwɪn]

adj. 乐观的 (cheerful and confident; optimistic) ;红润的 (of a healthy reddish color)

词根记忆:sanguin(血)+e→有血色的→红润的

sanguinity ( n. 气色好;乐观)

blithe [blaɪð]

adj. 快乐的,无忧无虑的 (cheerful, carefree)

blithely( adv. 愉快地;无忧无虑地)

credible [ˈkredəbl]

adj. 可信的,可靠的 (offering reasonable grounds for being believed)

词根记忆:cred(相信)+ible(能…的)→可靠的

authentic, convincing, creditable, trustworthy, trusty

negligible [ˈneɡlɪdʒəbl]

adj. 可以忽略的,微不足道的 (so small or unimportant or of so little consequence as to warrant little or no attention; trifling)

Because the damage to his car had been negligible , Michael decided he wouldn’t bother to report the matter to his insurance company.

absurd [əbˈsɜːrd]

adj. 荒谬的,可笑的 (ridiculously unreasonable; ludicrous)

词根记忆:ab(表加强)+surd(不合理的)→荒谬的

absurd assumptions 荒谬的推断

spurious [ˈspjʊriəs]

adj. 假的 (false) ;伪造的 (falsified, forged)

来自spuria (n. 伪造的作品)

Lovejoy, the hero of Jonathan Gash’s mystery novels, is an antique dealer who gives the reader advice on how to tell spurious antiques from the real thing.

artificial, counterfeit, dummy, ersatz, pseudo

prudent [ˈpruːdnt]

adj. 审慎的 (acting with or showing care and foresight) ,精明的 (showing good judgement) ;节俭的,精打细算的 (frugal)

词根记忆:prud(小心的)+ent→审慎的

It was a war the queen and her more prudent counselors wished to avoid if they could and were determined in any event to postpone as long as possible.

judicious, sage, sane

soothe [suːð]

v. 抚慰 (to comfort or calm) ;减轻 (to make less painful)

来自sooth ( adj. 抚慰的)

allay, becalm, lull, tranquilize

pronounced [prəˈnaʊnst]

adj. 显著的,明确的 (strongly marked)

来自pronounce ( v. 宣称,宣布)

sanctimonious [ˌsæŋktɪˈməʊniəs]

adj. 假装虔诚的 (hypocritically pious or devout)

sanctimonious preaching 伪善的讲道

sanctimony ( n. 道貌岸然,伪善)

bland [blænd]

adj. (人)情绪平稳的 (pleasantly smooth) ;(食物)无味的 (insipid)

发音记忆:“布蓝的”→布是清淡的蓝色的→无味的

plethora [ˈpleθərə]

n. 过多,过剩 (excess, superfluity)

词根记忆:plet(满的)+hora→满满的→过多,过剩

At the present time, we are suffering from a plethora of stories about the war.

overabundance, overflow, overmuch, overplus

genealogy [ˌdʒiːniˈælədʒi]

n. 家谱(图),宗谱(图) (a record or table of the descent of a person, family, or group from an ancestor or ancestors; a family tree)

词根记忆:gen(祖先)+ea+logy(…学,…术)→家谱

harmonious [hɑːrˈməʊniəs]

adj. 友好和睦的 (exhibiting accord in feeling or action) ;和谐的 (having component elements pleasingly or appropriately combined)

来自harmony ( n. 和谐)

locale [ləʊˈkæl]

n. 发生地点 (a place, especially with reference to a particular event)

来自locus ( n. 所在地,地方)

disinformation [ˌdɪsˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃn]

n. 虚假信息,假消息 (false information that is given deliberately)

联想记忆:dis(否定)+information(信息)→信息被否定了→假消息

mendacity

bristle [ˈbrɪsl]

v. 大为恼怒,被激怒 (annoyed, offended)

bluster, rampage

ambivalence [æmˈbɪvələns]

n. 矛盾情绪 (contradictory attitudes toward an object, person, or action)

词根记忆:ambi(两边)+valence(力量)→正反两个方向的力量→矛盾情绪

essential [ɪˈsenʃl]

adj. 完全必要的 (vital) ;基本的 (basic)

词根记忆:ess(存在)+ent(具有…性质的)+ial(…的)→存在的基础→必要的

indispensable

conform [kənˈfɔːrm]

v. 遵守,遵从 (to obey) ;随潮流 (to behave in the same way as most other people in a group or society)

词根记忆:con(共同)+form(形状)→有共同的形状→符合

adhere, comply

senescence [sɪˈnesns]

n. 衰老;老年化 (the process of becoming old or aging)

词根记忆:sen(年老)+escence(开始出现…状态)→衰老

nettlesome [ˈnetlsəm]

adj. 恼人的 (causing irritation or distress; vexatious)

词根记忆:nettle(荨麻)+some(具有…倾向的)→像荨麻一样烦人的→恼人的

hitch [hɪtʃ]

n. 故障 (a problem or difficulty that causes a short delay)

convey [kənˈveɪ]

v. 表达,传递 (communicate) ;运送,输送 (to take, carry or transport someone/ something from one place to another)

词根记忆:con(共同)+vey(道路)→通过道路一起走→搬运;传播

downright [ˈdaʊnraɪt]

adv. 彻头彻尾地,十足地 (absolutely)

组合词:down(向下)+right(完全地)→完全向下地→彻头彻尾地

smallpox [ˈsmɔːlpɑːks]

n. 天花 (a serious infectious disease)

组合词:small(小的)+pox(痘,疹)→起小的痘痘和疹子→天花

variola

preponderance [prɪˈpɑːndərəns]

n. 优势 (superiority in importance, influence, force, or weight) ;多数 (a great amount; an abundance)

conciliate [kənˈsɪlieɪt]

v. 安抚;安慰 (to soothe the anger of; placate) ;调和 (to reconcile; pacify)

词根记忆:con(共同)+cil(召集)+iate→把人召到一起来相互陪伴→安抚

conciliatory ( adj. 抚慰的,调和的)

universal [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsl]

adj. 全体的 (including or covering all or a whole collectively or distributively without limit or exception) ;普遍的 (present or occurring everywhere)

If Amelia Earhart’s acceptance was by no means universal , her fame was unusually widespread and her popularity long-lived.

cosmic, cosmopolitan, omnipresent, ubiquitous

cynical [ˈsɪnɪkl]

adj. 愤世嫉俗的 (captious, peevish, having or showing the attitude or temper of a cynic)

cynicism ( n. 愤世嫉俗)

dynamic [daɪˈnæmɪk]

adj. 动态的 (opposed to static) ;有活力的 (energetic, vigorous)

词根记忆:dynam(力量)+ic→有活力的

unwitting [ʌnˈwɪtɪŋ]

adj. 无意的,不知不觉的 (not intended, inadvertent, unaware)

联想记忆:un(不)+witting(知道的)→不知不觉的

arbitrary [ˈɑːrbɪtreri]

adj. 专横的,武断的 (discretionary, despotic, dictatorial)

词根记忆:arbitr(判断)+ary(…的)→自己做判断→武断的

autarchic, autocratic, monocratic

arbitrarily ( adv. 任意地,随意地);arbitrariness ( n. 任意性;任意)

dormant [ˈdɔːrmənt]

adj. 冬眠的 (torpid in winter) ;静止的 (quiet, still)

词根记忆:dorm(睡眠)+ant→冬眠的

prospect [ˈprɑːspekt]

v. 勘探 (to explore) n. 期望 (reasonable hope that sth. will happen) ;前景 (sth. which is possible or likely for the future)

cinch [sɪntʃ]

n. 很容易的事,小菜 (something that is very easy)

frown [fraʊn]

v. 皱眉 (to make a facial expression indicating thought or displeasure)

联想记忆:那个小丑(clown)在皱眉(frown)

frown upon 不赞成 5iSkgPuj6g4yIyFv9bSt9cNdw+WS0YSKmuN+TTUISAVkYWOy3XzrKKnViPzXOIcd

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