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Word List 13

音 频

craft [krɑːft]

n. 工艺,手艺

〔真〕 As Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft ; her example can’t be knocked off. 克莱因首先指出,博蒙特花了几十年的时间改进自己的手艺;她的例子无法轻易推广。

技巧,技能,技艺

〔真〕 In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft . 无论是口头英语还是书面英语,“说”都战胜了“讲”,“自发性”战胜了“技巧性”。

小船,船

〔真〕 These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft . 这些前往北美洲的旅行者搭乘的都是拥挤不堪的小船。

飞机;宇宙飞船

〔例〕 The craft started to travel safely on its orbit. 飞船开始在其轨道上安全飞行。

vt. 精心制作

〔真〕 how we craft our to-do lists 我们如何制定待办事项列表 // Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society. 狄更斯塑造了复杂的情节和鲜明的人物形象,捕捉到了英国社会的全景。

unexpected [ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd]

a. 想不到的,意外的

〔真〕 The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. 这一理论似乎也能解释某些造型、品牌或街区突然意外流行起来的原因。

〔派〕 unexpectedly ( ad. 意外地,出乎意料地)

cater [ˈkeɪtə]

联想记忆 cat(猫)+er→小猫看见主人回来就迎了上去→迎合

vi. (to) 迎合,满足需要

〔真〕 Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite, these were stores anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. 这些商店不再是为知识渊博的精英服务的精品商店,而是任何人都可以进入的商店,无论其阶级或背景如何。

提供饮食及服务

〔真〕 food service operators that cater to consumers when they don’t eat at home 为不在家吃饭的消费者提供餐饮服务的经营者

commerce [ˈkɒmɜːs]

词根记忆 com(共同)+merc(商业,贸易)+e→贸易

n. 商业,贸易

〔真〕 freedom of commerce and trade 商业和贸易自由

battery [ˈbætri]

联想记忆 batt(看作bat,蝙蝠)+ery→给玩具蝙蝠充电→电池

n. 电池;(汽车)电瓶,蓄电池

〔真〕 battery-powered electric vehicles 电池驱动的电动汽车 // battery storage 电池储存能力

一系列;一批;一群,一组

〔真〕 a battery of eight tasks 一组八项任务

相关词汇

positive 正极的 negative 负极的 circuit 电路 conduct 导电 charge 电荷

navy [ˈneɪvi]

词根记忆 nav(船)+y(表人)→开船的人→海军

n. 海军

〔真〕 The commission was also to consider possible arrangements for the War and Navy Departments. 委员会还将考虑为陆军部和海军部做出可能的安排。

motive [ˈməʊtɪv]

词根记忆 mot(运动)+ive(…的)→导致运动的

n. 动机,目的

〔真〕 economic motives 经济动机 // question our motives 质疑我们的动机 // Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives . 这些措施有几个令人振奋的动机。

a. 发动的;导致运动的

〔例〕 The motive power of trains is usually steam or electricity. 火车的动力通常来自蒸汽或电力。

deploy [dɪˈplɔɪ]

词根记忆 de(表加强)+ploy(用)→加强使用→有效地利用

vt. 部署,调度(军队等)

〔真〕 In a recent interview, Coyle said she fears that tech’s inequality problem could be a roadblock to deploying AI. 科伊尔在最近的一次采访中表示,她担心科技的不平等问题可能会成为部署人工智能的障碍。

有效地利用

〔真〕 Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effective organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities. 孩子们需要大量的练习来延迟满足感和运用有效的组织技能,比如管理时间和设定优先顺序。

beneficial [ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl]

词根记忆 bene(善,好)+fic(做)+ial(…的)→做好事→有利的,有益的

a. (to) 有利的,有益的

〔真〕 However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial . 不过,科尔蒂纳说,早期接触是有益的。

〔参〕 beneficence ( n. 善行)

profitable [ˈprɒfɪtəbl]

a. 有利润的,赢利的

〔真〕 a profitable small business有利可图的小生意

有益的,有好处的

〔真〕 The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable . 可持续发展的概念被定义为是有益的。

〔派〕 profitability ( n. 收益性,利益率)

〔同〕 beneficial ( a. 有益的,有利的);lucrative ( a. 赚大钱的,获利多的)

〔反〕 unprofitable ( a. 无赢利的,无利可图的);worthless ( a. 无价值的,没用的)

chronic [ˈkrɒnɪk]

词根记忆 chron(时间)+ic(…的)→长时间的→(尤指疾病)慢性的

a. (尤指疾病)慢性的;长期的;严重的

〔真〕 suffer from chronic pains 患有慢性疼痛 // the chronic funding gap 长期的资金缺口

积习难改的

〔例〕 George was described by his teacher as a chronic underachiever. 乔治被他的老师描述成一个积习难改的差生。

〔同〕 inveterate ( a. 根深蒂固的,长期形成的)

mandate [ˈmændeɪt]

词根记忆 mand(命令)+ate(表动词)→强制执行

n. (政府或组织等经选举而获得的)授权;授权令,委托书

〔真〕 government mandates 政府授权

vt. 强制执行,委托办理;授权

〔真〕 Some states require physicians to report, others allow but do not mandate reports, while a few consider a report a breach of confidentiality. 一些州要求医生报告,另一些州允许报告但不强制,而一些州则认为报告违反了保密规定。

compensate [ˈkɒmpenseɪt]

词根记忆 com(表加强)+pens(花费)+ate(做)→支付所有花费→补偿

v. (for) 补偿,弥补

〔真〕 guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency 内疚可以弥补情绪上的缺陷

给(某人)赔偿(或赔款)

〔真〕 It is clear that the countries of origin have never been compensated for the stolen artifacts. 很明显,来源国从未因被盗文物而得到赔偿。

〔同〕 repay ( vt. 偿还,清偿)

encounter [ɪnˈkaʊntə]

词根记忆 en(使)+counter(相反的)→使从两个相反的方向来→遇到

n. 相遇,邂逅;遭遇,冲突

〔真〕 After a bruising encounter with Congress, America’s Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. 在与国会的激烈冲突之后,美国财务会计准则委员会(FASB)匆忙通过了规则变更。

vt. 遇到,遭遇;邂逅

〔真〕 change an angle to observe the problem we encounter 换个角度来观察我们遇到的问题

privilege [ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ]

n. 特权

〔真〕 High school graduates are entitled to more educational privileges . 高中毕业生有权享受更多教育特权。

vt. 给予优惠,给予特权

〔真〕 These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates. 这些人正是英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国家试图通过对大学毕业生实施优惠移民政策来吸引的人才。

〔派〕 underprivileged ( a. 贫苦的;机遇少的)

remarkable [rɪˈmɑːkəbl]

词根记忆 remark(注意到)+able(可…的)→可以被注意到的→引人注目的

a. 非凡的,显著的,引人注目的

〔真〕 remarkable spatial acuity 非凡的空间敏锐度 // a remarkable shift 一个显著的转变

〔派〕 remarkably ( ad. 显著地)

sudden [ˈsʌdn]

a. 突然的,忽然的,骤然的

〔真〕 all of a sudden 突然 // Greg has become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation. 在文本到图像的人工智能新世界里,格雷格突然大受欢迎。

〔派〕 suddenly ( ad. 突然地)

tackle [ˈtækl]

vt. 处理,解决,应付

〔真〕 There is a coalition growing within artist industries to figure out how to tackle or mitigate this. 艺术家行业内部正在形成一个联盟,共同探讨如何解决或缓解这一问题。

withdraw [wɪðˈdrɔː]

词根记忆 with(向后)+draw(拉)→收回

vt. 收回,撤回,撤销

〔真〕 Entergy will withdraw its Plymouth application. 因特吉公司将撤回其普利茅斯申请。

退出

〔例〕 American TV industry has withdrawn to its domestic market. 美国电视行业已经退回其国内市场。

取(钱)

〔派〕 withdrawal ( n. 收回,撤走;取款)

confine [kənˈfaɪn]

词根记忆 con(表加强)+fin(范围)+e→限制

vt. (to) 限制,限定

〔真〕 not to be confined to cities不局限于城市

监禁

〔真〕 get him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions 将他强制关进戒毒所

〔派〕 confined ( a. 有限的;被困在…的)

behave [bɪˈheɪv]

词根记忆 be(使)+have(拥有)→(一个人)拥有的行为→表现

vi. 表现

〔真〕 Rats behave differently from children in socializing. 老鼠的社交行为与儿童不同。

[构成形容词] 表现得…的

〔真〕 It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better- behaved classmates. 这就像老师把后排的捣乱者拆散,让他们和表现较好的同学配对。

split [splɪt]

v. (使)裂开

〔真〕 The polyurethane foam is especially vulnerable to light damage, and by the mid-1990s, Gilardi’s pumpkins, roses, and other figures were splitting and crumbling. 聚氨酯泡沫特别容易受到光线的破坏,到了20世纪90年代中期,吉拉尔迪的南瓜、玫瑰和其他雕像都出现了裂缝和破损。

(up) 分裂,使分裂(成不同的派别)

〔真〕 decisions split along ideological lines在意识形态上存在分歧的裁决

分担;分摊;分享

〔真〕 Time can be evenly split for reading and business. 阅读和商务的时间可以平均分配。

(into) 分开,使分开(成为几个部分)

〔例〕 She split the class into groups of four. 她按四人一组把全班分成若干小组。

n. 分歧;分裂;分离

〔例〕 After the split , the two factions often fought each other. 分裂以后,这两派经常互相争斗。

durable [ˈdjʊərəbl]

词根记忆 dur(持久)+able(可…的)→持久的,耐久的

a. 持久的,耐久的

〔真〕 People often complain that plastics are too durable . 人们经常抱怨塑料太耐用。

〔派〕 non-durable ( a. 不耐用的)

vanish [ˈvænɪʃ]

词根记忆 van(空)+ish→空无一物→突然消失;不复存在

vi. (莫名其妙地)突然消失

〔真〕 One day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. 有一天,我们发现自己置身于花园中,感觉这种表情就像被施了魔法一样消失了。

不复存在;消亡;绝迹

〔真〕 By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. 等到某个问题得到解决和补救时,这一问题可能已经从市场上消失了,取而代之的是新的滥用权力行为。

subsequent [ˈsʌbsɪkwənt]

词根记忆 sub(接近)+sequ(跟随)+ent(…的)→紧跟在后面的→随后的

a. 随后的,后来的

〔真〕 Prior knowledge and interest influence what we experience, what we think our experiences mean, and the subsequent actions we take. 先前的知识和兴趣会影响我们的经历、我们对经历的理解以及我们随后采取的行动。

〔派〕 subsequently ( ad. 随后,后来)

〔参〕 consequent ( a. 随之发生的)

triumph [ˈtraɪʌmf]

联想记忆 胜利(triumph)之后吹喇叭(trumpet)

vi. (over) 成功,战胜

〔例〕 As is usual in this kind of movie, good triumphs over evil in the end. 像这类电影的一贯结局一样,善良战胜了邪恶。

n. 巨大成功,重大成就,伟大胜利

〔真〕 John McWhorter sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English. 约翰·麦克沃特认为,20世纪60年代反主流文化的胜利是正规英语衰落的罪魁祸首。

label [ˈleɪbl]

联想记忆 lab(实验室)+el→实验室里的试剂瓶上贴有标签→标签

n. 标签,标记

〔真〕 These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable. 这些标签鼓励注重时尚的消费者将衣服视为一次性用品。

(不恰当的)称谓,绰号

〔例〕 We stick “beauty” as a label on our music teacher. 我们给音乐老师取了个“美人”的绰号。

vt. 贴标签于

〔真〕 These eggs, which are making their debut now on shelves for as much as $8 a dozen, are still labeled organic and animal-friendly. 这些鸡蛋现在正以高达8美元一打的售价首次出现在超市货架上,仍然贴着“有机”和“动物友好”的标签。

把…称为

〔真〕 Today we have a tendency to label obesity as a disgrace. 如今,我们有一种倾向,认为肥胖是一种耻辱。

somewhat [ˈsʌmwɒt]

ad. 稍微,有点

〔真〕 The use of AI may become somewhat restricted in the future. 未来,人工智能的使用可能会受到一些限制。

minimum [ˈmɪnɪməm]

n. 最小值,最低限度

〔例〕 At a minimum , you will be working 40 hours a week. 你一周最少要工作40个小时。

a. 最小的,最低的,最低限度的

〔真〕 a minimum service requirement 最低服务要求 // the minimum wage 最低工资

conceal [kənˈsiːl]

词根记忆 con+ceal(隐藏)→隐藏,隐瞒

vt. 隐藏,隐瞒;掩盖

〔真〕 conceal one’s background 隐藏某人的背景 // Nature gave us lips to conceal our teeth. 大自然给了我们嘴唇来掩盖我们的牙齿。

assemble [əˈsembl]

词根记忆 as(表加强)+semble(类似)→不断集合类似的东西→集合

v. 集合,聚集;收集

〔真〕 How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research. 整个图像是如何组合并被感知的,这仍然是一个谜,尽管它是当前研究的主题。

装配,组装

〔真〕 At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. 在变压器厂内的一个工作台前,年轻的杰森·斯滕奎斯特面对他正在努力组装的铜线圈和两位访客的到来显得有些手忙脚乱。

〔参〕 resemble ( vt. 像,看起来像);ensemble ( n. 全体)

comparison [kəmˈpærɪsn]

来自 compare ( vt. 比较)

n. 比较

〔真〕 However, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday. 然而,与没有进行实验的几周的数据进行比较后发现,产量总是在周一增加。

对比;相比

〔真〕 make a comparison 进行对比

prone [prəʊn]

联想记忆 pr(看作pro,向前)+on(在…上)+e→向前卧倒在地上→俯卧的

a. 俯卧的

〔例〕 John was prone on the floor, listening to some music. 约翰趴在地板上听音乐。

(to) 易于遭受,有做(坏事)的倾向

〔真〕 We are prone to snap overreactions. 我们容易突然做出过激反应。

[构成形容词] 有做…倾向的;易于遭受…的

〔真〕 The guilt- prone ones shared more, even though they hadn’t magically become more sympathetic to the other child’s deprivation. 那些容易内疚的孩子分享得更多,尽管不可思议的是他们并没有因为另一个孩子缺乏这些东西而感到更加同情。

tide [taɪd]

联想记忆 潮(tide)起潮落,岁月(time)如歌

n. 潮,潮汐

〔真〕 A badly run “year of culture” washes in and out of a place like the tide , bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. 一个运作糟糕的“文化年”像潮汐一样在一个地方出现又消失,在一段时间内引起了关注,但没有给社区带来长久的益处。

潮流,趋势

〔真〕 Within the span of a hundred years, a tide of emigration swept from Europe to America. 一百年间,移民潮从欧洲涌向美洲。

v. (over) 帮助某人渡过(困难时期)

〔真〕 how America can tide over economic crisis 美国如何渡过经济危机

〔派〕 tidal ( a. 潮汐的,有潮的)

stereotype [ˈsteriətaɪp]

词根记忆 stereo(稳定的)+type(类型)→稳定的模式→模式化观念

n. 模式化观念,老一套,刻板印象

〔真〕 Schools in the family of vocational education have that stereotype . 职业教育学校都有这种刻板印象。

vt. 对…形成模式化的看法

〔例〕 It’s wrong to stereotype politicians, as they were different from each other. 对政治家形成固定看法是错误的,因为他们各不相同。

trail [treɪl]

联想记忆 沿着铁轨(rail)追寻痕迹(trail)

n. 踪迹,痕迹

〔例〕 The dog found the trail of the fox. 狗发现了狐狸的踪迹。

(乡间)小道

〔真〕 When you find yourself well off a trail , but not in a completely unfamiliar area, you have to answer two questions. 当你发现自己远离小路,但又不是在一个完全陌生的地方时,你必须回答两个问题。

vt. 追踪,跟踪

〔例〕 The hunter trailed a wild animal to its den. 猎人追踪一头野兽来到它的巢穴。

拖,拉

nonsense [ˈnɒnsns]

词根记忆 non(不)+sense(意义)→无意义的话→废话

n. 胡说,废话

〔真〕 talk nonsense 胡说八道

毫无意义的话;没有意义的文章

〔真〕 There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals. 医学期刊上有大量这类无稽之谈。

incline [ɪnˈklaɪn] v. [ˈɪnklaɪn] n.

词根记忆 in(使)+clin(倾斜)+e→(使)倾斜

v. (使)倾向于 ;(使)倾斜

〔真〕 It is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption. 这不仅仅是一个人被打断了,而是一个人实际上倾向于被打断。

n. 斜坡,斜面

〔例〕 Tom’s horse, unable to find its balance, starts to slide backward down the incline . 汤姆的马无法保持平衡,开始沿着斜坡往后滑。

diffuse [dɪˈfjuːz] v. [dɪˈfjuːs] a.

词根记忆 dif(分开)+fuse(流)→扩散

v. 扩散,渗透

〔例〕 Nitrogen diffuses from the lungs to the blood, and from the blood to body tissues. 氮从肺扩散到血液里,又从血液扩散到身体的组织里。

传播,散布 ;使分散

〔真〕 Pottery making and metallurgy originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world. 制陶术和冶金术起源于古埃及,然后传播到世界各地。

缓解,消除

〔真〕 Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function. 阿尔瓦雷斯的经历表明,要在压力威胁到你的健康和和身体机能之前找到缓解压力的方法,这一点很重要。

a. 冗长的,啰嗦的

〔例〕 The speaker’s speech was very diffuse and I missed the point. 那位演讲人的演说太啰嗦了,我都没抓住要点。

扩散的,弥漫的

〔真〕 Through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others. 通过一种更为分散的“光环效应”,它(指公司)的善举为它赢得了消费者和其他人更多的关注。

〔派〕 diffusion ( n. 扩散;传播)

passive [ˈpæsɪv]

a. 被动的,消极的

〔真〕 Hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way. 接连几个小时看录有笑声的电视节目只能教会孩子们被动地处理信息。

concrete [ˈkɒŋkriːt]

词根记忆 con(表加强)+cret(产生)+e→产生具体的事物→具体的

a. 具体的,确实的;有形的

〔真〕 Under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. 根据反贿赂法,必须提供具体利益的证明,如批准合同或法规。

n. 混凝土

〔例〕 the concrete floor 混凝土地板

vt. 用混凝土覆盖

〔例〕 Those builders concrete the building in the burning sun. 那些建筑工人顶着烈日给建筑物浇铸混凝土。

adequate [ˈædɪkwət]

a. 足够的,合格的,合乎需要的

〔真〕 adequate exercise 适量运动 // Regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security. 如果公司未能提供足够的数据安全,监管机构将采取行动。

〔派〕 adequately ( ad. 足够地);inadequate ( a. 不充分的,不够的)

prominent [ˈprɒmɪnənt]

词根记忆 pro(向前)+min(伸出,突出)+ent(…的)→突出的

a. 显眼的,显著的,突出的

〔真〕 The trade magazine The Bookseller reported that Waterstones branch managers were being told to remove PRH books from prominent areas such as tables, display spaces and windows, and were “quietly retiring them to their relevant sections”. 图书行业杂志《书商》报道说,水石书店各分店的经理们被告知要从桌子、展台和橱窗等显眼的区域将企鹅兰登书屋的图书移走,并“悄悄地把它们撤到该放的地方”。

重要的,著名的,杰出的

〔真〕 Climate change is also less prominent in many social studies courses. 在许多社会研究课程中,气候变化也没那么重要。

突出的,凸现的

〔例〕 The old man has prominent cheek bones. 那位老人的颧骨非常突出。

inner [ˈɪnə]

a. 内部的,里面的

〔真〕 in the inner core在内部核心地区

内心的

〔真〕 Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice. 心理健康通常被称为良知、本能、智慧、常识或内心的声音。

tuition [tjuˈɪʃn]

n. 学费

〔真〕 pay tuition 支付学费

教学,讲授,指导

〔真〕 We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education—that of direct tuition or schooling. 因此,在我们迄今一直在思考的宽泛的教育过程中,我们可以区分出一种更正规的教育方式,即直接教育或学校教育。

amaze [əˈmeɪz]

vt. 使惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹

〔真〕 We are amazed today at the mere number of plays produced. 如今,我们对戏剧创作的数量之多感到惊讶。

〔派〕 amazed ( a. 吃惊的,惊奇的);amazing ( a. 令人惊诧的);amazement ( n. 惊奇,惊诧)

edition [ɪˈdɪʃn]

来自 edit ( v. 编辑)

n. 版,版本,版次

〔真〕 print edition 印刷版

(报纸、杂志的)一份;(广播、电视节目的)一期,一辑

〔真〕 a forthcoming edition of the Journal of Biosocial Science 即将出版的一期《生物社会科学杂志》

(书、报、杂志等的)一版印刷总数,版次

〔真〕 the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第四版

investigate [ɪnˈvestɪgeɪt]

联想记忆 经过调查(investigate)才敢投资(invest)

vt. 调查,侦查

〔真〕 After a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying into a good family. 结婚对象选定后,双方家庭就会开始调查了解对方,以确保自己的孩子嫁入一户好人家或迎娶的配偶来自一户好人家。

研究

〔真〕 Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated . 人们正在研究目光接触背后的生物因素。

〔派〕 investigation ( n. 调查;科学研究)

misery [ˈmɪzəri]

词根记忆 miser(可怜的)+y→痛苦,悲惨

n. 痛苦,悲惨;悲惨的生活

〔真〕 You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery . 你可能会认为,艺术对幸福更为怀疑是因为现代社会经历了太多的苦痛。

〔同〕 anguish ( n. 极度痛苦,苦恼);distress ( n. 痛苦,悲伤)

〔反〕 pleasure ( n. 愉快,快乐)

endure [ɪnˈdjʊə]

词根记忆 en(使)+dur(持久)+e→忍受;持久

vt. 忍受,容忍

〔真〕 endure cramped, unreliable services 忍受出行拥挤和不可靠的服务

vi. 持久,持续

〔真〕 The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years—so why shouldn’t we? 化石记录显示,许多物种已经存活了数百万年——那么为什么我们不能呢?

〔派〕 enduring ( a. 持久的)

starve [stɑːv]

联想记忆 star(明星)+ve→明星不努力也得挨饿→挨饿

v. (使)饿死,挨饿

〔真〕 protect models from starving themselves to death 保护模特儿不被饿死

vt. (of) 使极其缺乏

〔真〕 The real problem is that the parks have been chronically starved of funding. 真正的问题是这些公园长期缺乏资金。

〔派〕 starvation ( n. 饥饿,饿死)

alike [əˈlaɪk]

a. 相同的,相像的

〔真〕 They all seem to look alike . 他们看起来都差不多。

ad. 两者都,同样地

〔真〕 Artists and scientists alike are immersed in discovery and invention, and challenge and critique are core to both, too. 艺术家和科学家都沉浸在发现和发明之中,而挑战和批评也是两者的核心。

十分相像地;很相似地

〔真〕 Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike . 否则,学术界将继续保持危险的相同思维。

default [dɪˈfɔːlt]

词根记忆 de(表加强)+fault(错误,欺骗)→重大欺骗→违约,拖欠

n. 违约,拖欠

〔例〕 The bank can seize the asset in case of a default in payment. 如若拖欠付款,银行可以没收其资产。

默认,预设,预置

〔真〕 the default state 常态,默认状态 // Internet Explorer 10, the version due to appear with Windows 8, would have DNT as a default . 即将和Windows 8系统一起发布的IE 10版本浏览器将把DNT设置为默认选项。

vi. (on) 违约,不履行义务

〔例〕 There is a risk that we’ll default on the payment obligation. 我们有可能无法履行付款义务。

chew [tʃuː]

联想记忆 chewing gum (口香糖)

v. 咀嚼

〔真〕 chew up 毁坏,破坏 To Microsoft’s critics, the fates of Wunderlist and Sunrise are examples of a remorseless drive by Big Tech to chew up any innovative companies that lie in their path. 在微软的批评者看来,“奇妙清单”和“日出”两款应用的命运是科技巨头无情吞噬任何挡路的创新公司的例子。

opt [ɒpt]

记忆 本身为词根:选择

vi. 选择,挑选

〔真〕 More Americans are opting to work well into retirement. 越来越多的美国人选择工作到退休年龄。

〔派〕 option ( n. 选择;选项);optional ( a. 可选择的)

〔参〕 adopt ( vt. 采纳;收养)

holder [ˈhəʊldə]

n. 持有者,占有者

〔真〕 the really successful holders of such titles 这些头衔真正成功的拥有者// a patent holder 一位专利持有者

(台、架等的)支持物

〔例〕 Betty bought a mirror holder from the store. 贝蒂从商店里买了一个镜架。

〔参〕 shareholder/stockholder ( n. 股东);stakeholder ( n. 赌金保管者;利益相关者)

objection [əbˈdʒekʃn]

来自 object ( v. 反对)

n. 反对的理由;反对;异议

〔真〕 the objection to female participation on boards 反对女性参与董事会

〔派〕 objectionable ( a. 令人不快的,讨厌的)

fossil [ˈfɒsl]

词根记忆 f+oss(骨)+il→已成骨→化石

n. 化石

〔真〕 the fossil record 化石记录

indispensable [ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl]

词根记忆 in(不)+dispensable(可有可无的)→不是可有可无的→必不可少的

a. (to/for) 必不可少的,必需的

〔真〕 an indispensable link between man and nature 人与自然之间不可或缺的纽带

opponent [əˈpəʊnənt]

词根记忆 op(相反)+pon(放)+ent(表人)→把人放在相反的位置→对手

n. 对手,竞争者

〔真〕 Still, we need to be careful not to accuse opponents of bad arguments too quickly. 不过,我们还是要小心,不要过早地指责对手的论点不正确。

反对者,阻止者

〔真〕 opponents of change 反对变革的人

expansion [ɪkˈspænʃn]

n. 扩张,扩展,扩大,膨胀

〔真〕 These demands resulted in a very rapid expansion of the systems of higher education. 这些需求导致高等教育系统迅速扩张。

qualification [ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn]

n. 资格,学历;资历

〔真〕 embark on a professional qualification 获得专业资格 // meet minimal qualifications of age 符合最低年龄要求

限定条件

〔真〕 Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. 要求公司将性别作为董事会成员的首要条件,必然会导致私营部门董事会缺乏经验。

合格证

〔例〕 The so-called doctor doesn’t have the medical qualification . 这个所谓的医生没有行医资格证书。

impulse [ˈɪmpʌls]

词根记忆 im(使)+puls(驱动)+e→推动力

n. 推动力,刺激

〔真〕 a healthy impulse 一种健康的推动力

冲动,心血来潮,一时的念头

〔真〕 the impulse to influence others 影响他人的冲动 // In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme. 在物理学领域,一种做法把这种寻求大同理论的冲动推向极致。

〔同〕 desire ( n. 愿望,欲望);urge ( n. 强烈的欲望,冲动) uQutc9f3ENDdJd0fwAXJVYBZu0MxD7TXu6wnZw+446Gt/c3hmWAArAqUNj1CprSh

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