下载掌阅APP，畅读海量书库
立即打开
Directions: here are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Mission managers at NASA spent $330 million to send a refrigerator-size craft 7 million miles into space and punch an asteroid (小行星) in the nose. The spacecraft is known as DART, which stands for Double Asteroid Redirection Test. (76) It was launched last November. Its job was to fly out to the asteroid Dimorphos and crash into it. The purpose of the collision (碰撞) was to see if DART’s impact could speed up the asteroid’s orbit around another space rock, Didymos. Neither Dimorphos nor Didymos poses (造成) any danger to Earth. But in the future, other asteroids might. The DART impact tested a technology that could one day be needed to protect our planet.
The collision took place on September 26. Dimorphos completes an orbit around Didymos every 11 hours and 55 minutes. For the mission to be a success, NASA calculated that DART would have to change Dimorphos’s orbit by at least 73 seconds. On October 11, the DART team announced its results: The collision sped up Dimorphos’s orbit by 32 minutes.
Ever since the collision, six Earth-based telescopes have kept watch on Dimorphos. They are capturing images not just of the asteroid but of the rock and dust that DART’s impact blasted (爆炸) into space.
It’s too soon to know exactly what the DART results mean for the future of planetary defense. But it has now been proven that it’s possible to change the speed of an asteroid, and that’s a good start. While there are currently no asteroids on a direct impact course with Earth, there is a large population of near-Earth asteroids—more than 27,000 in all shapes and sizes. The valuable data collected by DART will contribute to planetary defense strategies, especially to understanding what kind of force is needed to shift the orbit of an asteroid that may collide with the Earth.
1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Space Rocks
B. DART Mission
C. Dangerous Asteroids
D. Planetary Defense
2. The word punch in Paragraph 1 probably means .
A. hit
B. push
C. block
D. chase
3. The DART test costs million dollars.
A. 7
B. 3
C. 73
D. 330
4. The DART test shows that intentionally crashing a spacecraft into an asteroid can .
A. cause disasters on Earth
B. help discover an Earth-threatening asteroid
C. change the course of the asteroid
D. destroy the asteroid completely
5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. DART’s target asteroid is not a threat to Earth.
B. Didymos orbits around Dimorphos.
C. Dimorphos’s motion has been observed by satellites after the collision.
D. DART was sent into space this September.
Tomato is a highly popular fruit that is consumed by people across the world and is used in many foods worldwide. The plant is native to Central and South America. Currently, different varieties of tomato are grown in warm climates and greenhouse conditions that allow the plant to grow well throughout the year.
Tomatoes are 95% of water, 4% of carbohydrates (碳水化合物), and contain less than l% of proteins and fats. They are a moderate vitamin C source.
The tomato plant typically grows about 180cm above the ground. It grows in the form of a series of branching stems. The stems are covered with short, fine hairs that turn into roots on coming in contact with the ground. Most of the plants have compound leaves (复叶) while some have simple ones. The fruit of the plant, classified as a vegetable, is the part that is consumed. The fruit bears hollow spaces that are filled with seeds and moisture.
(77) Tomatoes are consumed worldwide in different ways. They can be eaten raw in salads or used to prepare tomato soup and jam. Tomato juice is a popular drink. Since tomatoes have natural acid, it is easy to preserve tomato pastes and jams at home. In many Italian dishes, tomatoes are such that they cannot be done without.
(78) In 2017, the worldwide production of tomatoes totalled 170.8 million tons. China, the leading producer of tomatoes, accounted for 31% of the total production. In China, tomatoes are widely grown in open fields and greenhouses, where the varieties that are red or pink and produce large fruits are generally preferred. India and Turkey followed with the second and third highest production of tomatoes in the world. In the European Union, tomatoes accounted for 23% of the total output of fresh vegetables in 2014. Of this, more than half was produced in Spain, Italy, and Poland.
6. According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE about the tomato plant?
A. It does not grow on the ground.
B. It can be grown only in summer.
C. It can be grown any time in a year.
D. It does not grow into branches.
7. Tomatoes are good to health because they .
A. contain little water
B. are a source of vitamin C
C. can be preserved as paste
D. improve food taste with natural acid
8. The hairs on tomato stems .
A. are useless to the growth of tomato plants
B. can bear fruit if watered
C. become roots when touching the soil
D. may have harmful acid
9. Tomato plants .
A. are acid in nature
B. can be prepared for jams
C. have empty spaces inside
D. seldom grow more than two meters
10. It can be inferred that .
A. most Chinese like to consume yellow tomatoes
B. people only use red and pink tomatoes in dishes
C. Europeans import a good quantity of tomatoes every year
D. dishes with tomatoes are very popular among Italians
(79) If you live in a city, how long does it take you to get to a supermarket? What about a public park, hospital, or primary school? For proponents (倡导者) of the 15-minute city planning concept, the answer to all of those questions should be “less than 15 minutes.”
(80) At first glance, the concept is very simple: to create neighborhoods and cities where a person can meet a lot of their basic needs via a short walk or bike ride. Exactly what defines (定义) “short” varies from place to place. Copenhagen, for example, adopted a “5 Minutes to Everything” model. For Melbourne the goal was 10 minutes. And while the specific time period differs, the central tenet—promoting the accessibility (可到达) of neighborhoods through design—remains the same.
The planning model was formally proposed by scientist Carlos Moreno in 2016. Elements of it have been around since at least the 1960s, and it shares many of the same principles as walkable, mixed-used urban design. In French, it’s called “La Ville du quart d’Heure”, and it’s in France that it was first put into practice, thanks to the support of Anne Hidalgo, the mayor of Paris. Hidalgo made it the basis of her successful 2020 re-election campaign, saying that, “I am convinced we need to transform the city so people can learn, do sports, have healthcare, shop, within 15 minutes of their home.”
Moreno’s purpose of developing the model was to change the traditional car-focused approach in urban design. Not only, he argued, would this result in huge emissions reductions, it would also lead to more human-centric urban environments. There’s a growing body of evidence that suggests such neighborhoods promote everything from social connection to public health.
Some people are concerned that this model could alter the very essence of what a modern city is. Elena Magrini, a researcher at the Center for Cities, warns this trend towards “the end of big cities” could reduce creativity. “Cities allow people to mix, to be together and to share ideas,” she says. “Often that happens in the city center. Can we recreate the creation and innovation (创新) if they no longer exist?”
11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Paris: An Energetic City
B. Stressful City Life
C. The 15-minute City Model
D. Urban Population Growth
12. The word tenet in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .
A. tension
B. tendency
C. problem
D. principle
13. Moreno proposed the “15-minute city” planning model in .
A. 1960
B. 2004
C. 2016
D. 2020
14. There is a concern that the 15-minute city planning model could have a negative effect on .
A. mental health
B. creativity
C. human connection
D. environment
15. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE about the 15-minute city planning model?
A. It is similar to walkable urban design in many ways.
B. It was first put into practice in Copenhagen.
C. Anne Hidalgo is the first mayor against it.
D. It was created according to the traditional car-focused approach.
Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
16. hard I tried, I still couldn’t manage it.
A. No matter what
B. No matter how
C. Although
D. Though
17. reluctantly you accept the decision, the worse the situation will be.
A. The better
B. The worse
C. The more
D. The less
18. The mother didn’t know who for the broken glass.
A. to blame
B. be blamed
C. blamed
D. would blame
19. The careless man received a ticket for speeding. He have driven so fast.
A. couldn’t
B. wouldn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. mustn’t
20. They always give the vacant seats to comes first.
A. whoever
B. whomever
C. whose
D. whom
21. Not until actually faced with food shortage appreciate its value.
A. one can
B. one cannot
C. can one
D. cannot one
22. After twenty years abroad, Susan came back only her hometown had completely changed.
A. to find
B. finding
C. to have found
D. to be found
23. The reason for all the changes to us yet.
A. has not explained
B. has not been explained
C. did not explain
D. were not explained
24. It is that your team will win the game this time.
A. surely
B. certainly
C. sure
D. certain
25. from the mountain, the village appears very small.
A. Seen
B. Seeing
C. To see
D. To be seen
26. If he had worked harder, he the exam.
A. must have passed
B. would have passed
C. would pass
D. could pass
27. He suggested to tomorrow’s exhibition together.
A. us to go
B. we went
C. we shall go
D. we go
28. It’s no good a lot but doing nothing.
A. talk
B. talking
C. talked
D. to talk
29. great joy, she received the news that her long-lost daughter would soon return home.
A. By
B. Along
C. On
D. With
30. Many people complain of the rapid of modern life.
A. race
B. stage
C. pace
D. growth
31. The of blood always makes him feel sick.
A. sight
B. shape
C. look
D. form
32. is known to all, Mark Twain is a great American writer.
A. That
B. Which
C. As
D. It
33. Take your raincoat with you it rains.
A. because
B. for
C. in any case
D. in case
34. I have three kids but of them like sweets.
A. both
B. neither
C. either
D. none
35. This magazine is very with young people, who like its content and style.
A. familiar
B. popular
C. similar
D. particular
36. Eating too much fat can heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
A. result from
B. contribute to
C. come from
D. devote to
37. Obey the traffic rules, you will be fined.
A. otherwise
B. therefore
C. so that
D. but
38. Margaret and I in touch with each other by e-mail every week.
A. put
B. keep
C. make
D. lose
39. Foreign tourists will find friendly people they go in our country.
A. where
B. and
C. wherever
D. so
40. It is difficult for a boy of fifteen to do this job.
A. rather too
B. rather so
C. too rather
D. so rather
41. To our , Jennifer’s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.
A. anxiety
B. relief
C. view
D. judgment
42. The mechanic examined the car engine but couldn’t find anything wrong.
A. mutually
B. exactly
C. thoroughly
D. originally
43. Most people didn’t accept the theory when it was first .
A. put forward
B. put out
C. set about
D. set off
44. Everyone should be to a decent standard of living and an opportunity to be educated.
A. applied
B. justified
C. identified
D. entitled
45. The manager promised to keep me of how our business was going on.
A. to be informed
B. having informed
C. informed
D. informing
Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the ONE that is NOT correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Directions: here are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
The blenny (鲇鱼), a fish which is sometimes known as the Shanny, is very common in the rock pools. But you are not 56 to see it for it always hides during the daytime in the openings 57 the rocks, or underneath sea weeds. Or it will even make a 58 in the sandy mud beneath a big stone, so that you will not find it at all 59 you dig for it.
When it is 60 grown, the fish is about five inches long, and it is quite a remarkable creature in several different 61 . In the 62 place, it varies a great deal in 63 . Sometimes it is partly green and partly yellow, sometimes it is brown nearly all over, and sometimes it is almost black.
In the second place, it can remain 64 for quite a long time out of the water. Some fishes die almost at once if they are 65 out of the sea. But a blenny can live on dry 66 for twenty-four hours at least. The reason is 67 its gills (鳃) are made in such a way that they remain wet for a long while after the fish 68 the water. As long as the gills remain moist, it is 69 to breathe.
The oddest thing about the fish is that it can move one of its eyes 70 without moving the other! Have you ever 71 a chameleon (变色龙)? If so，you must have noticed 72 it will turn one of its curious eyes first in one direction and then in 73 , while the other eye is quite still. And the blenny can move its eyes in just the 74 way. Very often when one of them is looking out in front, the other will be looking out behind. And then one will twist round and look upwards, while the other twists round and looks 75 !
56. A. clear
B. friendly
C. wise
D. likely
57. A. among
B. besides
C. above
D. outside
58. A. wall
B. hole
C. window
D. house
59. A. although
B. after
C. unless
D. if
60. A. fully
B. richly
C. full
D. rich
61. A. hopes
B. methods
C. views
D. ways
62. A. front
B. near
C. first
D. last
63. A. length
B. color
C. size
D. age
64. A. dead
B. fat
C. alive
D. thin
65. A. taken
B. reached
C. made
D. noticed
66. A. water
B. land
C. office
D. home
67. A. what
B. though
C. which
D. that
68. A. drops
B. reaches
C. leaves
D. enters
69. A. equal
B. able
C. clever
D. cool
70. A. out
B. along
C. in
D. about
71. A. seen
B. bought
C. grasped
D. scared
72. A. how
B. why
C. who
D. where
73. A. both
B. each
C. another
D. other
74. A. short
B. different
C. long
D. same
75. A. up
B. down
C. within
D. beyond
Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.
76. It was launched last November.
77. Tomatoes are consumed worldwide in different ways.
78. In 2017, the worldwide production of tomatoes totalled 170.8 million tons.
79. If you live in a city, how long does it take you to get to a supermarket?
80. At first glance, the concept is very simple.
Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.
81. 读一本好书比看一部无聊的电影有意思。
82. 他们什么时候来还未确定。
83. 她穿红裙子好看。
84. 对学生来说，六千美元是一大笔钱。
85. 在银行和公园之间有一所学校。