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很高兴再次与中英工商界朋友们在线座谈。今天又是一个特殊的日子，177年前的今天，上海正式开埠。当时的中国积贫积弱，被西方列强用武力打开了国门。177年后的今天，世事变迁，沧海桑田，中国实现了从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃，正站在新的历史起点上。
2020年10月，中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第五次全体会议在北京召开。这是中国在“两个一百年”历史交汇点上召开的一次具有全局性、历史性意义的重要会议，擘画了中国未来发展蓝图，明确了前进方向和奋斗目标，为今后5年乃至更长时期中国经济社会发展提供了行动指南。
会议最重要的成果是审议通过了《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议》（以下简称《建议》）。我认为，《建议》的重大意义体现为四个“新”。
一是迈入新发展阶段。2020年是“十三五”收官之年，中国将全面建成小康社会，消除绝对贫困。2021年中国将进入一个新发展阶段，开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程，这在中国发展进程中具有里程碑意义。《建议》提出了“十四五”时期中国发展的指导方针、主要目标、重点任务、重大举措，展望了2035年基本实现社会主义现代化的远景目标，集中回答了在新发展阶段实现什么样的发展、如何实现发展这个重大问题。2020年，中国国内生产总值将超过100万亿元人民币。预计到“十四五”末，中国经济将达到现行的高收入国家标准，到2035年实现经济总量或人均收入翻一番是完全有可能的。
二是贯彻新发展理念。中国社会的主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾，集中体现在发展质量上。“十四五”乃至今后更长时期，中国经济社会发展将以推动高质量发展为主题。我们将更加注重发挥创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念的引领作用，以深化供给侧结构性改革为主线，着力提升发展质量和效益，推动质量变革、效率变革、动力变革，充分激发14亿中国人民的活力，使发展成果更好地惠及全体人民。
三是构建新发展格局。当前，世界经济面临严重衰退，经济全球化遭遇逆流，单边主义、保护主义上升，传统的国际循环明显弱化。《建议》提出，中国将加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。这一新发展格局强调的是国内国际双循环，不是国内经济的单循环，更不是关起门来搞封闭运行。不管国际风云如何变幻，中国坚持对外开放的基本国策绝不会动摇。我们将深入参与国际循环，使国内循环和国际循环相互促进、相得益彰。
四是明确新发展要求。中国共产党领导中华民族伟大复兴事业，是历史的选择、人民的选择。面对新冠肺炎疫情冲击，中国有力、有序、有效地统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展，率先控制疫情、率先复工复产、率先实现经济正增长，再次彰显了中国共产党的强大领导力。《建议》首次把全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展作为远景目标，充分证明中国共产党坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享，不断满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要，不断增强人民群众的获得感、幸福感、安全感。
当前，世界正经历百年未有之大变局，新冠肺炎疫情正在全球大流行。两者相互交织、相互激荡，给人类带来前所未有的挑战和考验。在这样的时代背景下，今后5年乃至更长时期，中国的发展将给世界带来什么影响？我认为，这将增强四方面信心。
一是为世界和平发展注入信心。当今世界不稳定不确定因素增多，有的国家大搞单边主义、保护主义、霸权主义，鼓吹“新冷战”和“脱钩论”，威胁国际社会稳定和安全。《建议》提出，中国将高举和平、发展、合作、共赢旗帜，坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，推进各领域各层级对外交往，推动构建新型国际关系和人类命运共同体。中国坚定不移走和平发展道路，永远不称霸，不扩张，不谋求势力范围，更无意跟任何国家打“冷战”“热战”。中国历来主张中美双方应加强沟通对话，在相互尊重的基础上管控分歧，在互惠互利的基础上拓展合作。我们希望美国新一届政府同中方相向而行，秉持不冲突不对抗、相互尊重、合作共赢原则，推动两国关系沿着正确轨道向前发展。事实已经证明，并将继续证明，中国越发展，就越有利于世界和平与进步力量的发展壮大，就越能为世界和平与稳定注入更多正能量。
二是为世界开放发展注入信心。开放带来进步，封闭必然落后。构建更加开放的国内国际双循环，不仅符合中国自身发展需要，还将更好地造福各国人民。中国有14亿人口，中等收入群体超过4亿，是全球最具潜力的大市场，未来10年累计商品进口额有望超过22万亿美元。中国将坚持实施更大范围、更宽领域、更深层次的对外开放，促进国际合作，实现互利共赢，推动贸易和投资自由化、便利化，推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展，为世界经济复苏和发展注入强大动能。
三是为世界创新发展注入信心。创新是引领发展的第一动力。《建议》提出，坚持创新在中国现代化建设全局中的核心地位。中国把科技自立自强作为国家发展的战略支撑，同时与世界各国在科学技术和创新领域加强对话交流合作，分享中国科技成果，贡献更多中国智慧。同时，中国坚持绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，坚持尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然，构建生态文明体系。不久前，习近平主席宣布，中国将提高国家自主贡献力度，力争2030年前二氧化碳排放达到峰值，2060年前实现碳中和，并将为此制定实施规划。我们将积极参与和引领应对气候变化、保护生物多样性等国际合作，为促进全球绿色发展贡献力量。
四是为世界共治发展注入信心。《建议》提出，积极发展全球伙伴关系，坚持多边主义和共商共建共享原则，积极参与全球治理体系改革和建设。中国将维护以联合国为核心的国际体系和以国际法为基础的国际秩序，维护以世贸组织为核心的多边贸易体制，积极参与重大传染病防控国际合作，推动构建人类卫生健康共同体。中国倡导全球事务由各国商量着一起办，治理体系由大家一起建设，发展成果由各国人民共同分享。中国将始终做世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者。
展望“十四五”乃至更长时期，中国经济高质量发展将给中英两国工商界带来更多合作机遇。
一是中国庞大的市场机遇。疫情背景下，中国经济率先复苏，是“后疫情时代”世界经济的重要引擎，将给包括英国在内的各国企业带来更多合作机遇和更大发展空间。在上周刚刚结束的第三届中国国际进口博览会期间，英国公司在多个领域签署了总价值超过4.3亿英镑的商业订单。中英两国企业界可进一步利用好进博会、服贸会、广交会等平台，扩大双方经贸合作，携手促进两国经济复苏和发展，更好地造福两国人民。
二是合作共赢的开放机遇。中国构建国内国际双循环新发展格局，致力于全面提高对外开放水平，更有效率地实现内外市场联通、要素资源共享。脱欧后的英国致力于打造“全球化英国”，拓展全球合作伙伴，希望英方继续为中国企业在英投资兴业提供开放、公平、公正、非歧视的营商环境。中英应加强政策对接和经验交流，拓展两国及全球贸易投资金融合作，共建“一带一路”高质量发展，推动建设开放型世界经济。
三是优势互补的创新机遇。中国坚持创新驱动发展，加快发展现代产业体系特别是新兴产业。英国是世界创新强国，实施产业发展战略。中英在创新领域优势互补，可以进一步深化科技和产业创新合作，推动疫情催生的新产业、新业态发展，加强地方发展合作，激发源源不断的创新潜能，在世界创新合作大潮中走在前列。
四是“两会”对接的绿色机遇。2021年中英两国将分别举办《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会（COP15）和《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二十六次缔约方大会（COP26），双方就两场大会加强对接，实现协同增效。中国将继续推动绿色低碳发展，促进经济社会发展全面绿色转型。英国在应对气候变化和发展清洁能源、绿色金融等方面具有特色。中英企业应抓住两场大会契机，积极拓展绿色复苏、绿色科技和绿色金融等领域的合作，共同引领全球气候变化治理和绿色发展。
人们常说：“信心比黄金更珍贵。”世界正处于动荡变革之中，中国正开启新的历史征程。让我们坚定信心，抓住机遇，共同谱写中英合作共赢的新篇章，共同开创世界和平与发展的新未来！
谢谢。
下面我愿回答大家的提问。
It is a real delight to join friends from the Chinese and British business communities once again online.
Today is a special day. On this day 177 years ago, China opened the port of Shanghai oficially to foreign trade. At that time, China was impoverished and weak.Its door was forced open by Western powers.
Over the past 177 years, profound changes have taken place in the world. In China,there have been great leaps forward, from gaining independence to achieving prosperity and growing strong. The country is now standing at a new historical starting point.
Last month, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee was held in Beijing. This important conference coincides with a key moment in history where the timeframe of China’s Two Centenary Goals converge. Therefore, it bears overall and historic significance. It has outlined the blueprint for China’s development in the future,defined the direction and the goals, and set forth a guideline for China’s economic and social development in the coming five years and beyond.
Above all, the conference reviewed and approved the CPC Central Committee’s Proposals for the Formulation of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035. This is definitely the most important outcome.
To understand the significance of this document, I have summarised four“NEWs.”
First, it unveils a new development stage.
2020 is the last year for the implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan. This is the year when China will have completed the building of a moderately prosperous society in all aspects and eliminated absolute poverty.
In 2021, China will enter a new development stage and embark on a new journey of building a modern socialist country in all aspects. This will be a milestone in the history of China’s development.
The document sets forth the guidelines, main targets, key tasks and major measures for China’s development in the 14th Five-Year Plan period. It outlines the long-term vision of basically realising socialist modernisation by 2035. And it answers the important question of what kind of development China is pursuing and how we are going to achieve it.
This year, China’s GDP will exceed 100 trillion RMB yuan. By the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China’s economy is expected to reach the current level of high income countries. Hence it is certainly possible that China’s GDP or per capita income could double by 2035.
Second, the Proposals embody the new development concept.
Unlike in the past, the principal contradiction in the Chinese society now is the one between unbalanced and inadequate development and people’s ever-growing aspiration for a better life. The resolution, of course, lies in high-quality development.
In the 14th Five-Year Plan period and beyond, the theme of China’s economic and social development will be none other than high-quality development.
We will let the new development concept lead the way, namely innovative, coordinated,green, open and shared development.
We will focus on deepening supply-side structural reform.
We will promote transformation in quality, efficiency and driving forces so as to achieve higher quality and better eficiency.
We will rely on the creative vigour of 1.4 billion Chinese people.
And we will ensure everyone has a share in the outcomes of development.
Third, the Proposals set up a new growth pattern.
At the moment, the world economy is experiencing grave recession; economic globalisation is encountering headwind; and unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise. All these have resulted in an obvious weakening in the traditional international circulation.
The Proposals suggest that China will accelerate the building of the“dual circulation”growth pattern in which the domestic market will play a leading role, with international and domestic markets reinforcing each other. This new growth pattern is not a closed domestic circulation but an inclusive one that connects domestic and international markets.
The world may have changed, but China will not change its basic national policy of opening-up. We will engage more deeply in the international circulation and enable the domestic and international circulations to complement each other and achieve multiplying efects.
Fourth, the Proposals lay out new requirements for development.
The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the choice of history and the choice of the people.
In the face of the outbreak of Covid-19, China has balanced epidemic response and economic and social development in an efective and orderly manner. It is the first country in the world to get the epidemic under control, bring economic activities back on track and achieve positive growth. This bears witness to the strong leadership of the CPC.
In the Proposals, notable and substantial progress in common prosperity is clearly marked as a long-term goal. This is a brand-new definition of China’s long-term goal and it goes to show that putting the people at the centre is the development philosophy of the CPC.
The CPC believes that development is for the people and by the people; and development outcomes shall be shared by all. The CPC has spared no efort to meet people’s ever-growing needs for a better life and to work for greater benefit, happiness and security for the people.
The profound changes unseen in a century are compounded by the raging pandemic across the world. This is posing unprecedented tests and challenges.
Against this background, how will China’s development affect the world in the coming five years and more? I think China’s development will strengthen confidence in the following four aspects:
First, it will strengthen confidence in the peaceful development of the world.
The world is now facing increasing instabilities and uncertainties. Some countries are pushing for unilateralism, protectionism and hegemony, and clamouring for a“new Cold War”and“economic decoupling.”As a result, the stability and security of the international community has come under threat.
The Proposals emphasise that China will hold high the banner of peace, development and win-win cooperation, adhere to an independent foreign policy of peace, advance external exchanges in all areas and at all levels, and promote the building of a new type of international relations and a community with a shared future for mankind.
China is firmly committed to the path of peaceful development. It never seeks hegemony, expansion or sphere of influence, let alone start a“cold war”or“hot war”with any other country.
On relations with the United States, it is China’s consistent position that the two countries should enhance communication and dialogue, manage differences while maintaining mutual respect, and expand cooperation based on mutual benefit. We hope that the next administration of the United States will work with the Chinese side in the same direction, and uphold the principles of non-conflict, non-confrontation, mutual respect and win-win cooperation, so as to move China-US relationship forward on the right track.
Facts have proven and will continue to prove that a more developed China will be a stronger force for world peace and progress, and will inject more positive energy to international peace and stability.
Second, China’s development will strengthen confidence in the open development of the world.
Openness brings progress while isolation results in backwardness. Under“dual circulation,”China will be more open. This not only meets domestic needs for development but also brings more benefits to the people around the world.
With a population of 1.4 billion, including a middle-income group of over 400 million, China is a huge market with the greatest potential in the world. In the coming ten years, it is expected to import goods worth over 22 trillion US dollars.
Going forward,
China will open up more areas and more sectors at a higher level.
We will advance international cooperation for win-win results.
We will promote trade and investment liberalisation and facilitation.
And we will pursue high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative.
All these will provide strong impetus for world economic recovery and growth.
Third, China’s development will strengthen confidence in global growth driven by innovation.
Innovation is the primary driving force for development. The Proposals suggest that China will put innovation at the centre of its modernisation drive.
China regards self-reliance in science and technology as a strategic pillar of its national development. At the same time, it stands ready to step up dialogue, exchanges and cooperation with the rest of the world in science, technology and innovation (STI),to share its STI achievements and to contribute its wisdom to the world.
We believe that lucid waters and lush mountains are just as precious as mountains of gold and silver. Based on this belief, China respects, protects and follows the Law of Nature, and strives to protect ecological environment.
Not long ago, President Xi Jinping announced that China will scale up its Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs). It aims to peak CO 2 emissions by 2030 and to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. We will make implementation plans for achieving those goals.
China is determined to take an active and leading role in international cooperation on climate change and biodiversity, and make its contribution to global green development.
Fourth, China’s development will strengthen confidence in building better global governance.
According to the Proposals, China will actively build partnerships with countries of the world, remain committed to multilateralism and the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, and take an active part in the reform and development of the global governance system.
China will uphold the international system with the United Nations at its core,uphold the international order based on international law and uphold the multilateral trade system with the WTO at its centre. China will also take an active part in international cooperation on the prevention and control of major infectious diseases,and advance the building of a global community of health for all.
China advocates a multilateral approach in global afairs:
·Every country has a say in addressing global challenges through consultations.
·Every country has a role in building global governance system.
·And the people of every country have a share in the benefits of development.
China will always be a defender of world peace, a contributor to global development, and an upholder of international order.
During the 14th Five-Year Plan period and beyond, the high-quality growth of China’s economy will create more opportunities for cooperation between Chinese and UK businesses.
Opportunity number one: China’s huge market.
China is the first country in the world to achieve economic recovery amid the pandemic. It will be a major powerhouse for global growth in the post-pandemic era. It will create enormous cooperation opportunities and development space for businesses of all countries, including the UK.
At the Third China International Import Expo (CIIE) concluded last week, British businesses signed contracts worth more than 430 million pounds in a wide range of areas.
Going forward, Chinese and UK businesses can seize the opportunities of platforms such as CIIE, the China International Fair for Trade in Services and the China Import and Export Fair to expand trade and economic cooperation. Working together, the business communities could contribute to recovery and growth of both our economies and bring more benefits to our peoples.
Opportunity number two: open and win-win cooperation.
In building the“dual circulation”development paradigm, China is committed to opening up at a higher level on all fronts. This will enable better connection and sharing of production factors and resources between the domestic and international markets in a more eficient way.
The UK aims to build a global Britain after Brexit and find more partners for cooperation around the world. We hope that the UK will continue to provide an open,fair, just and non-discriminatory environment for Chinese businesses to invest and operate here in this country.
China and the UK can do more to match our policies, share our experience, expand bilateral and international cooperation in trade, investment and financial services,pursue high-quality cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative, and contribute to building an open world economy.
Opportunity number three: China-UK complementarity in innovation.
China is pursuing innovation-driven development and speeding up the development of modern industries, especially emerging ones. The UK leads the world in innovation and is implementing a strategy for industrial development.
With complementary strengths in innovation, China and the UK are well positioned to deepen cooperation in science, technology and industrial innovation. Our two countries can work together to boost the development of emerging industries and business models in response to the pandemic, enhance cooperation on development at the local level, and unlock the potential of innovation, so as to always be at the forefront of international cooperation in innovation.
Opportunity number four: green development and synergy between COP15 and COP26.
In 2021, China and the UK will host COP15 and COP26 respectively. Our two sides are enhancing synergy between the two conferences to achieve greater results.
China is pursuing green and low-carbon development, and promoting a full transition to green economic growth and social progress. The UK has unique strengths in climate response, clean energy and green finance.
Businesses from our two countries should seize the opportunities of COP15 and COP26 to expand cooperation in green recovery, green technology and green finance,and take the lead in the global governance on climate change and green development.
As people often say, confidence is more precious than gold.
Today, the world is undergoing dramatic transformations. China is embarking on a new, historical journey.
Let’s join hands to seize opportunities with greater confidence. Let’s work together to write a new chapter for China-UK win-win cooperation and embrace a brighter future for world peace and development!
Thank you!
Now, I would like to take your questions.