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TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2024)

TIME LIMIT: 130 MIN

GRADE FOUR

扫码听音频

PART I DICTATION [10 MIN]

Listen to the following passage.Altogether the passage will be read to you four times.During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning.For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds.The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.You will then be given ONE minute to check your work once more.

Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE.The first sentence of the passage is already provided.

Now, listen to the passage.

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]

SECTION A TALK

In this section you will hear a talk.You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY.While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap.Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.

Now, listen to the talk.When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.

SECTION B CONVERSATIONS

In this section you will hear two conversations.At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversations and the questions will be read ONCE ONLY.After each question there will be a ten-second pause.During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.

Now, listen to the conversations.

Conversation One

Questions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.

1.A.He could not place his order online.

B.He could not read the memo.

C.He had problems with his website.

D.He ordered a poor software.

2.A.Stay in his office.

B.See his customers.

C.Buy a good microphone.

D.Go to the technical department.

3.A.A Mac computer.

B.A recording software.

C.A Windows computer.

D.A speech recognition software.

4.A.Send him the product today.

B.Fix the problem for him soon.

C.Give him a discount on his order.

D.Give him a free higher quality mic.

5.A.Professional edition for Windows.

B.Standard edition for Windows.

C.Professional edition for Mac.

D.Standard edition for Mac.

Conversation Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.

6.A.To keep a healthy weight when growing up.

B.To enter healthy schools when they grow up.

C.To be physically active in their adulthood.

D.To be sensitive to environmental changes.

7.A.Send their children to healthy schools.

B.Work with their local communities.

C.Make healthy meals for their children.

D.Look for more alternatives of healthy food.

8.A.Lack of healthy foods.

B.Ineffectiveness of strategies.

C.Parents' negligence.

D.Economic burden.

9.A.Vague.

B.Optimistic.

C.Negative.

D.Indifferent.

10.A.Strategies tackling childhood obesity.

B.Reasons for childhood obesity.

C.Norms of healthy schools.

D.Parental role in healthy schools.

PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [10 MIN]

There are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

11.Awaiting me is a demanding job that I just don't know_______ I'm going to do.

A.where

B.why

C.what

D.how

12.By the end of last month, our cute baby_______ in this world for 100 days.

A.would have been

B.had been

C.could have been

D.has been

13._______ wounded soldier was_______ good old friend of his.

A.The … a

B.The … the

C.A … a

D.A … the

14.It is_______ her appearance I am attracted to as her grace and kindness.

A.not so

B.no so

C.no so much

D.not so much

15.I_______ go and invite a doctor.Larry is in great danger, and he_______ be unconscious at any time.

A.may … might

B.need … would

C.will...can

D.must … should

16.She was impressed by the view of_______ mountains behind the apple orchard.

A.green hazy northern

B.hazy green northern

C.northern hazy green

D.northern green hazy

17.In phrases like biting cold , scorching hot , or dazzling bright , the-ING participle is used as_______.

A.an attributive

B.a complement

C.a quantifier

D.an adverbial

18.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?

A. Each they have bought the same computer.

B.They cost thirty yuan each .

C.They each have an E-dictionary.

D.They were given four journals each .

19.Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object of the sentence?

A. How quickly would you say Lisa would come?

B. How much do you think she earns every month?

C. Who do you think the visiting professor is?

D. What do you think has happened to him?

20.“We were to have been there now, but the traffic jam was so serious.” The italicized part signifies_______.

A.canceling a plan made in the past

B.failing to fulfill an original plan

C.announcing the current situation

D.indicating an unavoidable incident

21.In_______ of the strong earthquake last week, many families are deep in mourning.

A.outcome

B.effect

C.consequence

D.result

22.The factory is looking for better ways to_______ operations so as to improve productivity.

A.stretch

B.strike

C.strain

D.streamline

23.The unique wall paintings in the old town are once again under the media_______.

A.spotlight

B.standpoint

C.superiority

D.symmetry

24.Don't let our confidence to overcome the present difficult situation be_______ by some ill-intentioned rumors.

A.undignified

B.unearthed

C.underestimated

D.undermined

25.He became_______, oblivious to the passage of time.

A.absorbed

B.impatient

C.obstinate

D.insistent

26.The board members remain_______ opposed to the solution proposed by the chair.

A.remotely

B.resolutely

C.reassuringly

D.resistantly

27.She often let the children play in the yard to keep them out of_______.

A.mischief

B.disobedience

C.misfortune

D.disgrace

28.The overall economic_______ for the newly emerging economy is very promising.

A.outbreak

B.outlook

C.outset

D.outrage

29.This price is_______, and you don't need to add any additional payment.

A.all-covered

B.all-contained

C.all-inclusive

D.all-included

30.They normally_______ one of their three arguments when criticizing their opponents.

A.fall back on

B.fall out with

C.fall behind

D.fall into

PART IV CLOZE [10 MIN]

Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank.The words can be used ONCE ONLY.Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

A.alarming B.approaches C.attempted D.backward E.behaviors F.disconnection G.exchange H.failed I.forward J.lack K.misconceptions L.positive M.short N.utilize O.weight

Tiny is mighty, at least when it comes to change.Over the last twenty years, I've found that almost everyone wants to make some kind of change: lose (31)_______, get better sleep, reduce stress.We want to be more productive and creative.But the (32)_______ levels of obesity, sleeplessness, and stress reported by the media tell me there is a painful gap between what people want and what they actually do.

The (33)_______ between want and do has been blamed on a lot of things—but people blame it on themselves for the most part.When our results fall (34)_______ of our expectations, many of us believe that something must be wrong with us.If only we were better people, we wouldn't have (35)_______.Right?

No.It isn't your fault, and creating changes isn't as hard as you think.For too many years, myths, (36)_______, and well-meaning but unscientific advice have set you up to fail.If you've attempted change in the past and haven't seen results, you may have concluded that change is hard or that you can't succeed because you (37)_______ motivation.Neither is accurate.The problem is with the approach itself, not with you.

Building habits and creating (38)_______ changes can be easy—if you have the right approach.In order to design successful habits and change your behaviors, the following three methods should be adopted in the very beginning.First, stop judging yourself.Second, take your aspirations and break them down into tiny (39)_______.Third, embrace mistakes as discoveries and use them to move (40)_______.

PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]

SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

In this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions.For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

PASSAGE ONE

(1) Downturn's new spending habits show the way to greater satisfaction.

(2) As the months passed, out went stacks of sweaters, shoes, pots and pans, even the television after a trial separation during which it was relegated to a closet.Eventually, Tammy Strobel and her husband Logan Smith, both 31, got rid of their cars, too.Her mother called her crazy.Today, three years after the couple began downsizing , they live in a studio with a nice-sized kitchen.They have money to travel and to contribute to the education funds of nieces and nephews.Because their debt is paid off, Ms.Strobel works fewer hours, giving her time to be outdoors and to volunteer.“The idea that you need to go bigger to be happy is false,” she says.“I really believe that the acquisition of material goods doesn't bring about happiness.”

(3) While Ms.Strobel and her husband overhauled their spending habits before the recession, legions of other consumers have since had to adapt in ways that could ultimately make them happier.

(4) New studies of consumption and happiness show, for instance, that people are happier when they spend money on experiences instead of material objects.

(5) While the current round of stinginess may simply be a response to the economic downturn, some analysts say consumers may also be permanently adjusting their spending based on what they've discovered about what truly makes them happy or fulfilled.

(6) “This actually is a topic that hasn't been researched very much until recently,” says Elizabeth Dunn, a psychology professor, who is at the forefront of research on consumption and happiness.“There's massive literature on income and happiness.It's amazing how little there is on how to spend your money.”

(7) Studies over the last few decades have shown that money, up to a certain point, makes people happier because it lets them meet basic needs.The latest round of research is all about emotional efficiency: how to reap the most happiness for your dollar.

(8) One major finding is that spending money for an experience—concert tickets, language lessons, dumpling-making classes—produces longer-lasting satisfaction than spending money on plain old stuff.“‘It's better to go on a vacation than buy a new couch’is basically the idea,” says Professor Dunn.Jennifer Black, president of the retailing research company Jennifer Black & Associates, said: “I think people are realizing they don't need what they had.They're more interested in creating memories.”

(9) Unlike consumption of material goods, spending on leisure and services typically strengthens social bonds, which in turn helps amplify happiness, research suggests.Paying for experiences also gives us longer-lasting happiness, because we can reminisce about them, researchers say.That's true for even the most exasperating of experiences.That trip to Rome during which you waited in endless lines, broke your camera and argued with your spouse will typically be airbrushed with “rosy recollection”, says Professor Dunn.“Trips aren't all perfect, but we remember them as perfect.”

(10) And experiences can't be absorbed at once—it takes more time to adapt to them and engage with them than it does to put on a new leather jacket or turn on that shiny flat-screen TV.“We buy a new house, we get accustomed to it,” says Professor Lyubomirsky, who studies what psychologists call “hedonic adaptation”, a phenomenon in which people quickly become used to changes, great or terrible, in order to maintain a stable level of happiness.“We stop getting pleasure from it,” she says.And then, of course, we buy new things.Scholars have discovered that one way consumers combat hedonic adaptation is to buy many small pleasures instead of one big one.Instead of a new Jaguar, Professor Lyubomirsky advises, buy a massage once a week, have lots of fresh flowers delivered and make phone calls to friends overseas.Instead of a two-week long vacation, take a few three-day weekends.“We do adapt to the little things,” she says, “but because there's so many, it will take longer.”

(11) Ms.Strobel now writes about her own life choices on the Internet.“My lifestyle now would not be possible if I still had a huge two-bedroom apartment filled with stuff, two cars, and 30 grand in debt,” she says.“Give away some of your stuff.See how it feels.”

41.What is the main reason for the change in people's spending habits?

A.Economic downturn.

B.Pressure to pay off debts.

C.Interest in traveling.

D.Plan to work from home.

42.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Buying material goods helps prolong people's happiness.

B.A new couch can give people long-lasting happiness.

C.A somewhat imperfect trip can leave long-lasting happiness.

D.Spending money on experiences undermines people's happiness.

43.What is the best title for the passage?

A.Efficiency and Satisfaction.

B.Spending and Happiness.

C.Traveling and Happiness.

D.Experience and Memory.

PASSAGE TWO

(1) The five o'clock dads can only be seen on cable television these days.They eat dinner with their television families and provide counsel afterward in the den, exemplifying how men behave when they work eight hours a day.

(2) The five o'clock dad has become an endangered species. A corporate culture that believes presence is productivity, in which people of ambition are afraid to be seen leaving the office, has lengthened his workday and shortened his home life.So has an economy that makes it difficult for families to take a break even at the end of the month.For the man who is paid by the hour, that means never saying no to overtime.For the man whose loyalty to the organization is measured in time at his desk, it means goodbye to nine to five.

(3) To lots of small children it means a visiting father.The standard joke in one large corporate office is that the dads always say their children look like angels when they're sleeping because that's the only way they ever see them.A survey taken several years ago showed that roughly 12 percent of the men surveyed with children under the age of six worked more than sixty hours a week, and an additional 25 percent worked between fifty and sixty hours.

(4) No matter how you divide it up, those are twelve-hour days.When a talk show host adopted a baby recently, she said one reason she was not troubled by becoming a mother without becoming a wife was that many of her married female friends were “ functionally single ”, given the hours their husbands worked.The evening commuter rush is getting longer.The eight o'clock dad.The nine o'clock dad.

(5) There's a horribly sad irony to this, that is, the quality of fathering is better than it was when the dads left work at five o'clock and came home to coffee pots and tuna casserole.The five o'clock dad was remote, a “wait till your father gets home” kind of dad with a newspaper for a face.The roles he and his wife had were clear: she did nurture and home, he did discipline and money.

(6) The role fathers have carved out for themselves today is a vast improvement, a muddling of those old boundaries.Fathers today do seem to be more emotional with their children, more nurturing, more open.Many say, “My father never told me he loved me” and so they tell their own children all the time that they love them.

(7) There are people who think that this is changing even now.A nonprofit organization advises corporations on how to balance personal and professional obligations and concerns, and its founder says she has noticed a change in the past few years.An increasing number of men have expressed their wishes to spend more time with their kids.

(8) This change can be to the good, not only for women but especially for men, and for kids, too.The stereotypical five o'clock dad belongs in a picture, with his “Ask your mother” and his “Don't be a crybaby.” The father who believes hugs and kisses are sex-blind and a dirty diaper requires a change is infinitely preferable.What a joy it would be if he were around more.

(9) “This is the man's half of having it all,” said Donald Long, a professor who teaches a course about men's relationships that drew 135 students this year for thirty-five places, “We're trying to do what women want of us, what children want of us, but we're not willing to transform the workplace.” In other words, the hearts and minds of today's fathers are definitely in the right place, if only their bodies could be there, too.

44.Which of the following reasons best explains the presence of more eight or nine o'clock dads?

A.Corporate culture of overwork.

B.Company bonus and overtime.

C.Belief in productivity.

D.Preference for overwork.

45.The statement “there's a horribly sad irony” (Para.5) suggests longer working hours have led to______.

A.more distant relations

B.change of family roles

C.more intimate relations

D.more time with children

46.From the last sentence of the passage, what can be inferred about today's fathers?

A.They can spend more time at home.

B.They think in the similar way as before.

C.They behave in the same way as before.

D.They wish to have more family time.

PASSAGE THREE

(1) When a Southerner took the trouble to pack a trunk and travel twenty miles for a visit, the visit was seldom of shorter duration than a month, usually much longer.Southerners were as enthusiastic visitors as they were hosts, and there was nothing unusual in relatives coming to spend the Christmas holidays and remaining until July.Often when newly married couples went on the usual round of honeymoon visits, they lingered in some pleasant home until the birth of their second child.Frequently elderly aunts and uncles came to Sunday dinner and remained until they were buried years later.Visitors presented no problem, for houses were larger, servants numerous and the feeding of several extra mouths a minor matter in that land of plenty.All ages and sexes went visiting, honeymooners, young mothers showing off new babies, convalescents, the bereaved, girls whose parents were anxious to remove them from the dangers of unwise matches, girls who had reached the danger age without becoming engaged and who, it was hoped, would make suitable matches under the guidance of relatives in other places.Visitors added excitement and variety to the slow-moving Southern life and they were always welcome.

(2) So Scarlett had come to Atlanta with no idea as to how long she would remain.If her visit proved as dull as those in Savannah and Charleston, she would return home in a month.If her stay was pleasant, she would remain indefinitely.But no sooner had she arrived than Aunt Pitty and Melanie began a campaign to induce her to make her home permanently with them.They brought up every possible argument.They wanted her for her own self because they loved her.They were lonely and often frightened at night in the big house, and she was so brave she gave them courage.She was so charming that she cheered them in their sorrow.Now that Charles was dead, her place and her son's place were with his kindred.Besides, half the house now belonged to her, through Charles' will.Last, the Confederacy needed every pair of hands for sewing, knitting, bandage rolling and nursing the wounded.

(3) Charles' Uncle Henry Hamilton, who lived in bachelor state at the Atlanta Hotel near the depot, also talked seriously to her on this subject.Uncle Henry was a short, pot-bellied, irascible old gentleman with a pink face, a shock of long silver hair and an utter lack of patience with feminine timidities and vaporings.It was for the latter reason that he was barely on speaking terms with his sister, Miss Pitty.From childhood, they had been exact opposites in temperament and they had been further estranged by his objections to the manner in which she had reared Charles “Making a damn sissy out of a soldier's son!” Years before, he had so insulted her that now Miss Pitty never spoke of him except in guarded whispers and with so great reticence that a stranger would have thought the honest old lawyer a murderer, at the least.The insult had occurred on a day when Pitty wished to draw five hundred dollars from her estate, of which he was trustee, to invest in a non-existent gold mine.He had refused to permit it and stated heatedly that she had no more sense than a June bug and furthermore it gave him the fidgets to be around her longer than five minutes.Since that day, she only saw him formally, once a month, when Uncle Peter drove her to his office to get the housekeeping money.After these brief visits, Pitty always took to her bed for the rest of the day with tears and smelling salts.Melanie and Charles, who were on excellent terms with their uncle, had frequently offered to relieve her of this ordeal, but Pitty always set her babyish mouth firmly and refused. Henry was her cross and she must bear him. From this, Charles and Melanie could only infer that she took a profound pleasure in this occasional excitement, the only excitement in her sheltered life.

(4) Uncle Henry liked Scarlett immediately because, he said, he could see that for all her silly affectations she had a few grains of sense.He was trustee, not only of Pitty's and Melanie's estates, but also of that left Scarlett by Charles.

47.Which of the following is INCORRECT according to Para.1?

A.Visitors tended to stay much longer than planned.

B.Visitors were usually young and married couples.

C.Southerners liked to show hospitality to their guests.

D.Southerners were wealthy enough to receive guests.

48.Aunt Pitty and Melanie wanted Scarlett to stay on for all the following reasons EXCEPT_______.

A.her medical skills

B.her bravery

C.her liveliness

D.her familial ties

49.Which of the following is NOT the reason for the estrangement between Aunt Pitty and Uncle Henry?

A.Difference in temperament.

B.Disagreement in child-rearing.

C.Refusal of housekeeping money.

D.Frequently made insults.

50.Which of the following words best describes Uncle Henry?

A.Skeptical.

B.Mild-tempered.

C.Cold-blooded.

D.Outspoken.

SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A.Answer the questions within NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

PASSAGE ONE

51.What does “downsizing” (Para.2) mean?

52.Cite TWO examples from Para.10 to show how to maintain a longer stable level of happiness.

PASSAGE TWO

53.What does the statement “the five o' clock dad has become an endangered species” (Para.2) mean?

54.What does the phrase “functionally single” (Para.4) mean?

PASSAGE THREE

55.What does the statement “Henry was her cross and she must bear him” (Para.3) mean?

PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]

Read carefully the following excerpt and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 WORDS, in which you should:

· summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then

· propose your measure(s) on how to preserve indigenous languages.

You can support yourself with information from the excerpt.

Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

Two indigenous languages are dying out every month

Despite UN efforts to highlight the daily disappearance of mother tongues across the world, the President of the General Assembly (PGA) warned that “challenges persist nonetheless”.“Every fortnight, at least one indigenous language vanishes from the face of the earth,” spelled out the PGA.“This translates into two extinct indigenous languages each month.”

He said it was “equally noteworthy”, that 15 per cent of the poorest people on the planet are indigenous.

Indigenous traditions have served as a “dependable means of acquiring knowledge” which can be transmitted across generations, he stated, citing examples of herbal medicine, food processing and settling disputes within communities.

And although linguistic diversity is essential to preserve humanity's common heritage, which is critical to its survival, it is endangered with every language that goes extinct.

“With the death of languages, the indigenous people who speak them lose a significant part of their identity,” he lamented.

He urged the world to focus attention on the measures to ensure the survival of those which remain, underscoring that “schools have a major role to play”.

“By integrating indigenous languages into their curricula, they would have fulfilled the vital mission of shielding the languages from external damage and internal decline,” said the PGA.

THE END ■

注:2024年专四真题中,PART III LANGUAGE USAGE 和PART IV CLOZE这两个题型一共有两套试题,本书中本套试卷选取的是其中一套。

ANSWER SHEET 1 (TEM-4)

必须使用黑色字迹签字笔在答题区域内作答,超出彩色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效。

PART I DICTATION
China's Parcel Delivery Business

China's parcel delivery business has boomed in the past decade.________________________ h49jWwXp5Prxz3BdpXbpqGXUIVWhdcEfOhQMZgWfR1Oewtn7fQrUpXJTlJLcGRkZ

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A TALK


TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2023)

TIME LIMIT: 130 MIN

GRADE FOUR

扫码听音频

PART I DICTATION [10 MIN]

Listen to the following passage.Altogether the passage will be read to you four times.During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning.For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds.The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.You will then be given ONE minute to check your work once more.

Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE.The first sentence of the passage is already provided.

Now, listen to the passage.

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]

SECTION A TALK

In this section you will hear a talk.You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY.While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap.Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.

Now, listen to the talk.When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.

SECTION B CONVERSATIONS

In this section you will hear two conversations.At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken once only.After each question there will be a ten-second pause.During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.

Now, listen to the conversations.

Conversation One

Questions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.

1.A.A business firm.

B.A car company.

C.A magazine agency.

D.A language school.

2.A.One.

B.Two.

C.Three.

D.Four.

3.A.Giant.

B.Flashy.

C.Spacious.

D.Powerful.

4.A.He faces them and copes with them one by one.

B.He finds them adjustable in new environments.

C.He likes to deal with them wholly and completely.

D.He attempts to attack them with friends' assistance.

5.A.Developing creativity at work.

B.Having ambition in a comfort zone.

C.Good working relationships.

D.Guidance and freedom.

Conversation Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.

6.A.An organization for street children.

B.The miserable life of street children.

C.Reasons for being volunteers for the homeless.

D.Measures of helping American homeless children.

7.A.To provide free schooling.

B.To send them back to their home.

C.To teach them different life skills.

D.To offer them know-how books.

8.A.No shelter.

B.No life.

C.No food.

D.No school.

9.A.His parents had long been divorced.

B.He didn't get on well with his mother.

C.He didn't want to continue his schooling.

D.His mother was too lazy to care for him.

10.A.When he was in the navy.

B.Right after his retirement.

C.On a business trip to San Diego.

D.After he volunteered in San Diego.

PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [10 MIN]

There are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

11.Lucy was______ the polar expedition a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.

A.to start

B.to be starting

C.to have started

D.to have been starting

12.If you need me to help with your teleconferencing arrangements, I can be reached with the touch of a single button on______ special phone of Harry's.

A.his

B.a

C.that

D.one

13.Advocates of studying abroad believe students will reach new levels of intercultural understanding far exceeding what they______ be able to accomplish just at home.

A.would

B.will

C.can

D.could

14.It is imperative that the local government______ more investment into the burgeoning hi-tech industry.

A.has to attract

B.shall attract

C.attracts

D.attract

15.Sometimes a written message succeeds______ an oral one fails; at other times, talking to the recipient will produce results that the printed word can't match.

A.what

B.where

C.how

D.that

16.Do you know Jack's cousin? He is______ than Jack.

A.much more athlete

B.more of an athlete

C.a more athlete

D.more athlete

17.If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he______ able to advise you much better than we can.

A.was

B.were

C.would be

D.will have been

18.What is the function of the present progressive in “My neighbor is always playing loud music at midnight”?

A.To alleviate unnecessary hostility.

B.To express unfavorable feelings.

C.To indicate uncertainty.

D.To dramatize a fact.

19.Which of the following reflexive pronouns expresses emphasis?

A.They washed themselves .

B.I have bought myself new car.

C.She told me herself .

D.Behave yourself .

20.He hurried to the airport, only to find that his flight had been canceled.The infinitive verb phrase only to find is used______.

A.to reveal an undesirable consequence

B.to express an intended purpose

C.to indicate a high degree of possibility

D.to emphasize a stated fact

21.For whatever______, I know everyone would have been incredibly proud of you tonight.

A.worthy

B.worth

C.it's worthy

D.it's worth

22.By making it possible to search the millions of books that exist today, we hope to expand the______ of human knowledge.

A.margins

B.ceilings

C.frontiers

D.bottomlands

23.It is recently found that two colleagues who are______ basketball fans or share a fascination with rare books are more likely to swap information on work.

A.avid

B.adamant

C.formidable

D.vehement

24.As her mind reeled back in time, she wondered what she could possibly have done______.

A.distinguishingly

B.distinctly

C.differently

D.differentially

25.Before this new policy was implemented, the tax authorities might have a______ of worries.

A.flock

B.flash

C.school

D.bundle

26.The findings show that the secret to______ of the villagers lies in the rich minerals of the underground water.

A.sedentariness

B.versatility

C.industriousness

D.longevity

27.China is commonly regarded as the first country to______ silkworms and develop silk weaving.

A.shed

B.grasp

C.raise

D.grow

28.Turning a blind eye to intracultural variations can lead to______ people from different backgrounds.

A.appraising

B.categorizing

C.ascertaining

D.stereotyping

29.In North America, first names are seen as friendly and______ of fondness and attachment.

A.inductive

B.deductive

C.indicative

D.evocative

30.Plain-looking as the necklace is, it is known to be an important______ for the family for centuries.

A.heresy

B.heirloom

C.heritage

D.hemline

PART IV CLOZE [10 MIN]

Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank.The words can be used ONCE ONLY.Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

A.betrays B.conceived C.despite D.devised E.entails F.faultless G.hints H.inhumane I.officially J.primarily K.print L.sighs M.sublimity N.what O.without

As a library curator of literary and historical manuscripts and letters, I spend my days in the company of the respectable dead.I'm not the one who brought them together or decided which individuals deserved a place in the magic circle.I serve (31)_______ in the roles of custodian and interpreter, mindful that I am the latest in a long line of collectors and librarians who have cared for the manuscripts of figures from the past.I've learned from them, argued with them, and—yes—loved them, not because they were (32)_______ but because they were humans, and because they granted me such rich works of art.Reading one of their manuscripts is different from reading their work in (33)_______ because writing, as is noted, harbors all sorts of secrets: remainders of the author's creative decisions and passing thoughts, and (34)_______ of their emotional states in particular moments.

It is impossible, for example, to look at a page from the manuscript draft of The Girl of the Golden West (35)_______ grasping the energy, indeed frenzy—with which Puccini composed.It is the magic of handwriting that allows us to perceive (36)_______ Puccini's friend Arnaldo Fraccaroli described as the “the thrills of happiness, (37)_______ of sadness, spasms of love” experienced by the composer in the throes of creation.On the other hand, the making of complex works of art (38)_______ much more than spontaneous outpouring—a fact underscored by the many fragments Proust left behind as he (39)_______ and revised one of the most astonishing works of modem literature— In Search of Lost Time .Filling many notebooks and odd-shaped scraps of paper, Proust did more than transcribe inspired emotions—he labored, over the course of years, on his way to (40)_______.

PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]

SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

In this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions.For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

PASSAGE ONE

(1) Pairing the words “baby” and “sleep” can evoke strong emotions.Those who have had limited contact with little ones might interpret this word-combination as implying deep and prolonged slumber.For others, this union of words may elicit memories of prolonged periods of chaotic sleep (or what can feel like no sleep at all).

(2) Coping with the way babies sleep can be difficult.It's not that babies don't sleep.In fact, they sleep more than at any other stage of life.It's more an issue of when they sleep.Newborns start by sleeping and waking around the clock.This is not always easy for parents.There is even research suggesting that in adults waking repeatedly at night can feel as bad as getting hardly any sleep in terms of attentional skills, fatigue levels and symptoms of depression.

(3) As to why infants wake at night, this is best explained by thinking about the two things that govern our sleep: the homeostatic and circadian processes.The crux of the homeostatic process is the straightforward idea that the longer we have been awake the greater our sleep drive (and the more sleepy we feel).It may take an adult an entire day to build up enough sleep drive to fall asleep at bedtime, but an infant may only need an hour or two of wakefulness before being able to drift off to sleep.

(4) The second process is circadian, which works like a clock.Adults typically feel more awake during the morning hours and sleepy at night, regardless of when we last slept.In very young babies this process is not yet developed.This means that sleep is more likely to occur at different points across the 24-hour day.

(5) Practically speaking, the immaturity of these two processes means that newborn babies are actually expected to wake at night: they are doing exactly what they are supposed to do! They start life with small stomachs which need to be filled regularly so your child can gain strength and stay hydrated, so it's a good thing that they are waking regularly to feed.As hard as disturbed sleep can be for caregivers, a waking baby is a good thing.

(6) But how long might this continue? The parenting mantra “this too shall pass” is true when it comes to dealing with certain aspects of a baby's sleep.Night wakings typically become less frequent as an infant grows up, and sleep changes in other ways throughout a person's life.For example, sleep length reduces and there are changes in sleep architecture (or composition of Rapid Eye Movement, REM, and Non-Rapid Eye Movement, NREM, sleep).A premature baby's sleep cycle might lake just 45 minutes, whereas an adult's can be double that at 90 minutes.Other changes also occur; for example, whereas babies' sleep cycles start with REM-like sleep, adults start with NREM sleep.

(7) For some parents, knowing that sleep changes throughout life is enough to help them cope with an infant's night awakenings.In fact, sleep education alone can help some parents to deal with infant sleep.Other parents want more detailed information, such as about babies' sleep schedules, bedtime routines, sleep problems, sleep safety, sleep environment, naps, sleep training, and special circumstances.We provide all this information, and more, on our website, where physicians, psychologists, and researchers from the Pediatric Sleep Council have also answered hundreds of questions about sleep via video and text.

(8) Remember: sleep matters.Experts agree that sleep is essential for health, growth and general development.It is important not just for babies, but for parents too.If we can improve sleep within a family, and create a happy association between the words “baby” and “sleep”, then the Pediatric Sleep Council has achieved its goal.

41.According to the passage, the difficulty in handling baby sleep lies in not knowing_______.

A.when they sleep

B.how they fall asleep

C.how long they sleep well

D.when they switch to slumber

42.In explaining the circadian process, the author has used_______ more than other means.

A.simile

B.metaphor

C.comparison

D.exaggeration

43.Which of the following statements is CORRECT about baby sleep?

A.Babies sleep a lot more during daytime than nighttime.

B.Babies' sleep cycle tends to be similar to that of adults.

C.A happy link between “baby” and “sleep” is impossible.

D.Parents need to be well informed about baby sleep.

44.Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?

A.Secrets of parenting babies.

B.Baby sleep patterns.

C.Does baby sleep matter?

D.What are the must-knows of sleep?

PASSAGE TWO

(l) Roie Galitz's adventurous spirit has quite literally driven him to the ends of the Earth.He has made several excursions to the Arctic islands of Svalbard and the ice sheets of Antarctica.He has also been to the snowy plain of Norway and the wild waters of Kamchatka, Russia—all in the hopes of capturing some of the Earth's most elusive creatures.

(2) The photographer comes from Tel Aviv, Israel.He first fell in love with wildlife photography in the sweltering savannas of Tanzania, Africa.Galitz says he prefers to work in the cold—even when that can mean temperatures as low as 40 degrees below zero.He layers up multiple pairs of long trousers, fleece shirts and the thickest wool socks he can find.On top of all of that, he wears an 8-pound Arctic suit.“When you're cold, you can always put on an extra layer,” he says.“But when you're hot, there is a legal limit to how much you can remove.”

(3) Extreme environments are also where he finds his favorite photography subjects: animals that are rarely viewed in the wild.

(4) “If I showed things that have been viewed time and time again, it wouldn't be special.It wouldn't be unique,” Galitz says.“It would just be like photographing a sparrow.Who cares about a sparrow? Everybody sees them all the time.As a photographer, I always try to find what has been done, what hasn't been done, why it hasn't been done—then try to do it.”

(5) One photo that captures Galitz's quest features a polar bear with a live seal in its grasp.This moment of the hunt had rarely, if ever, been photographed before.Local bear experts doubted that Galitz would be able to get the shot.But after a long night of silently kneeling on the ice, fighting to stay warm but remaining still so as not to disturb the seals swimming below—he got the shot.

(6) Venturing into the wild comes with some risk, from frostbite to close encounters with bears and walruses. Galitz takes it all in stride .A minor case of frostbite in the Arctic is like getting a sunburn at the beach, he says.And the cold forces him to be resourceful.On multiple occasions, he has used his nose to operate the touch screen on his camera.Sometimes, though, he will quickly remove his gloves to snap the shot.

(7) Wildlife photography requires a certain spirit, Galitz says.For many of the far-off places he chooses to shoot, he has to obtain production permits and coordinate the often-complicated logistics of getting there.But the planning pays off, he says, when he gets the perfect shot.In a photo titled “Polar Bear Family Hug”, he captured two cubs and a mother bear in a moment of vulnerability as they awoke from a nap.

(8) “That's actually the best compliment a wildlife photographer can ask for,” Galitz says.“Because when an animal is sleeping in front of you, it means she trusts you.”

(9) In another photo of brown bears playing together in Lake Kuril in Russia, Galitz laid low to the ground and took shot after shot.He was trying to capture the symmetry of the bears' open mouths.“With wildlife, you control the scene by controlling yourself,” he says, referring to his position in relation to his furry subjects.You can't tell a bear to strike a pose or turn toward the light.So for a wildlife photographer, Galitz explains, it's all about the technique.

(10) In addition to stunning action shots, Galitz also looks to capture moments that will elicit specific feelings from the viewer.“When I'm photographing the animals, I'm trying to show their character, their soul,” he says.Many of his photos depict animals in moments of closeness—courting, parenting, cuddling—to demonstrate their individual personalities and familial relationships.“I'm trying to make people relate to animals in an intimate way, as I am relating to animals in an intimate way,” he says.

(11) Galitz also regularly uses his photography to promote conservation efforts.Looking at his photos from year to year, he says he can see the world changing and the habitats of the animals he photographs disappearing.“ My images are testimony, ” he says.“This is what I saw last year, this is what I saw here, you can see the difference.We can't ignore that.”

45.Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Galitz?

A.He likes to photograph animals of different species.

B.He prefers to photograph in remote regions on Earth.

C.He loves to photograph rare animals in the cold.

D.He takes a strong interest in extreme environments.

46.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a requirement for a wildlife photographer?

A.Self-defense skills.

B.Advance planning.

C.Resourcefulness.

D.Toughness.

47.Galitz's wildlife photos focus on the following EXCEPT_______.

A.action

B.family

C.affection

D.habitat

PASSAGE THREE

(1) It was a big, squarish frame house that had once been white, decorated with cupolas and spires and scrolled balconies in the heavily lightsome style of the seventies, set on what had once been our most select street.But garages and cotton gins had encroached and obliterated even the names of that neighborhood; only Miss Emily's house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps— an eyesore among eyesores .

(2) Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town, dating from that day in 1894 when Colonel Sartoris, the mayor—he who fathered the edict that no Negro woman should appear on the streets without an apron—remitted her taxes, the dispensation dating from the death of her father on into perpetuity.Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity.Colonel Sartoris invented an involved tale to the effect that Miss Emily's father had loaned money to the town, which the town, as a matter of business, preferred this way of repaying.Only a man of Colonel Sartoris' generation and thought could have invented it, and only a woman could have believed it.

(3) When the next generation, with its more modem ideas, became mayors and aldermen, this arrangement created some little dissatisfaction.On the first of the year they mailed her a tax notice.February came, and there was no reply.They wrote her a formal letter, asking her to call at the sheriff's office at her convenience.A week later the mayor wrote her himself, offering to call or to send his car for her, and received in reply a note on paper of an archaic shape, in a thin, flowing calligraphy in faded ink, to the effect that she no longer went out at all.The tax notice was also enclosed, without comment.

(4) They called a special meeting of the Board of Aldermen.A delegation waited upon her, knocked at the door through which no visitor had passed since she ceased giving china-painting lessons eight or ten years earlier.They were admitted by the old Negro into a dim hall from which a stairway mounted into still more shadow.It smelled of dust and disuse—a close, dank smell.The Negro led them into the parlor.It was furnished in heavy, leather-covered furniture.When the Negro opened the blinds of one window, they could see that the leather was cracked; and when they sat down, a faint dust rose sluggishly about their thighs, spinning with slow motes in the single sunray.On a tarnished gilt easel before the fireplace stood a crayon portrait of Miss Emily's father.

(5) They rose when she entered—a small, fat woman in black, with a thin gold chain descending to her waist and vanishing into her belt, leaning on an ebony cane with a tarnished gold head.Her skeleton was small and spare; perhaps that was why what would have been merely plumpness in another was obesity in her.She looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue.Her eyes, lost in the fatty ridges of her face, looked like two small pieces of coal pressed into a lump of dough as they moved from one face to another while the visitors stated their errand.

(6) She did not ask them to sit.She just stood in the door and listened quietly until the spokesman came to a stumbling halt.Then they could hear the invisible watch ticking at the end of the gold chain.

(7) Her voice was dry and cold.“I have no taxes in Jefferson.Colonel Sartoris explained it to me.Perhaps one of you can gain access to the city records and satisfy yourselves.”

(8) “But we have.We are the city authorities.Miss Emily.Didn't you get a notice from the sheriff, signed by him?”

(9) “I received a paper, yes,” Miss Emily said.“Perhaps he considers himself the sheriff...I have no taxes in Jefferson.”

(10) “But there is nothing on the books to show that, you see.We must go by the...”

(11) “See Colonel Sartoris.I have no taxes in Jefferson.”

(12) “But, Miss Emily...”

(13) “See Colonel Sartoris.(Colonel Sartoris had been dead almost ten years.) I have no taxes in Jefferson.Tobe!” The Negro appeared, “Show these gentlemen out.”

48.Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to Para.2?

A.Colonel Sartoris promised to pay tax for Miss Emily.

B.Colonel Sartoris exempted Miss Emily's taxes.

C.Miss Emily would have to pay tax after a few years.

D.Miss Emily's father once lent money to the town.

49.Which of the following descriptions matches Miss Emily?

A.She was rather thin and weak.

B.She dressed herself elegantly.

C.Her eyes were small and sunken.

D.Her complexion was healthy.

50.Which of the following best characterizes Miss Emily's personality?

A.Stubborn and arrogant.

B.Polite and conservative.

C.Proud and self-centered.

D.Aggressive and bitter.

SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A.Answer the questions within NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

PASSAGE ONE

51.List two consequences of adults waking repeatedly at night.

PASSAGE TWO

52.What does “Galitz takes it all in stride” in Para.6 mean?

53.What is implied by Galitz's words “My images are testimony” in Para.11?

PASSAGE THREE

54.What does “an eyesore among eyesores” (Para.1) imply about Miss Emily's house?

55.According to the interior of Miss Emily's house (Para.4), what can be inferred about her house?

PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]

Read carefully the following excerpt on teacher quality assessment, and then write response in NO LESS THAN 200 WORDS, in which you should:

· summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then

· discuss the pros and cons of one particular teacher quality assessment measure introduced in the excerpt.

You can support yourself with information from the excerpt.

Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

Teacher quality assessment commonly includes reviews of qualifications, tests of teaching quality, and observations of teaching practice.Assessments of teacher quality are currently used for policy making, employment, merit-based pay awards, and as data to inform the professional growth of teachers, etc.

Teacher qualifications include a range of variables affecting teacher quality: type of teaching certification, undergraduate major or minor, undergraduate institution, advanced degree(s) or certifications, type of preparation program, test scores, and years of teaching experience.In many countries, teaching credentials represent the main measure of teacher quality and serve as a threshold of holding teaching positions.

Teacher quality with regard to student achievement—also known as “teacher effectiveness”—is measured in terms of student achievement gains.Student achievement is measured through the use of standardized tests to determine the academic growth of students over time.

Assessments of teacher quality may also draw upon evidence collected from observations of teachers' work that lead to the growth of effective teachers.This evidence may be collected from in-person or video recorded observations of teaching, pre-and post-observation conferences with teachers, and samples of teachers' work with students.Assessments of teacher practice may examine teacher quality for a single lesson or over an entire school year.Such assessments may be impression-based or narrative in form but have become increasingly more common in teacher quality assessment.

THE END ■

注:2023年专四真题中,PART III LANGUAGE USAGE 和PART IV CLOZE这两个题型一共有两套试题,本书中本套试卷选取的是其中一套。

ANSWER SHEET 1 (TEM-4)

必须使用黑色字迹签字笔在答题区域内作答,超出彩色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效。

PART I DICTATION
Chinese Civilization

China is long-standing civilization.________________________ h49jWwXp5Prxz3BdpXbpqGXUIVWhdcEfOhQMZgWfR1Oewtn7fQrUpXJTlJLcGRkZ

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A TALK


TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2022)

TIME LIMIT: 130 MIN

GRADE FOUR

扫码听音频

PART I DICTATION [10 MIN]

Listen to the following passage.Altogether the passage will be read to you four times.During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning.For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds.The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.You will then be given ONE minute to check your work once more.

Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE.The first sentence of the passage is already provided.

Now, listen to the passage.

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]

SECTION A TALK

In this section you will hear a talk.You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY.While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap.Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.

Now listen to the talk.When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.

SECTION B CONVERSATIONS

IIn this section you will hear two conversations.At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY.After each question there will be a ten-second pause.During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.

Now, listen to the conversations.

Conversation One

Questions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.

1.A.To receive calls in time.

B.To predict weather changes.

C.To facilitate his daily life.

D.To make him knowledgeable.

2.A.Both are useful and important.

B.His smartphone is more useful.

C.He uses his computer more often.

D.He can do without either one.

3.A.To listen to the radio.

B.To use smartphone apps.

C.To read newspapers.

D.To look up in the sky.

4.A.They cause problems when they crash.

B.They help us understand people better.

C.They deprive us of our existing talents.

D.They provide us with more new skills.

5.A.She casts doubts about it.

B.She supports the view in it.

C.She finds it sophisticated.

D.She prefers it to be digitalized.

Conversation Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.

6.A.She is a student majoring in sociology.

B.She needs to complete her coursework.

C.She is much interested in music research.

D.She likes to do interview-based research.

7.A.Keep silent or ask to leave.

B.Ask for another question.

C.Request to make him anonymous.

D.State his unwillingness to answer.

8.A.It was better than last year's.

B.It was very enjoyable.

C.It was about pop music.

D.It featured a Greek band.

9.A.He has few options.

B.He loses interest in it.

C.He can hardly afford it.

D.He is fully occupied.

10.A.Serbian folk music.

B.Rebetiko folk music.

C.Jazz.

D.Pop music.

PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [10 MIN]

There are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

11.______ you______ further problems with your computer, contact your dealer for advice.

A.If...had

B.Have...had

C.In case...had

D.Should...have

12.George told the police officer that he was punched______ by a masked man Sunday night at a restaurant.

A.in face

B.in his face

C.in the face

D.in a face

13.The printer used the highest quality paper and ink and turned out far fewer volumes than he otherwise______.

A.did

B.had

C.had done

D.could have

14.Unfortunately, she was______ to tell the truth even to her closest friend.

A.enough of a coward

B.too much the coward

C.too much of a coward

D.a coward enough

15.In the coming years, there are about 10,000 square kilometers of the designated search area still______ by sonar equipment towed from ships.

A.scanned

B.be scanned

C.to be scanned

D.having been scanned

16.It is not______ much the language as the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.

A.so

B.as

C.that

D.very

17.Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?

A.His eyes were red from excessive reading .

B.I wish I could write as well as Linda .

C.Why don't you do it for the sake of your parents ?

D. For all her efforts , she didn't get an A.

18.“Perhaps you could pick up the book at my flat at some time that suited you?” The underlined verb forms are used to indicate______.

A.an ability

B.past time

C.tentativeness

D.a hypothesis

19.Which of the following exclamations is INCORRECT?

A.What noise they are making!

B.How strange feelings they are!

C.How dare you speak to me like that!

D.What a mess we are in!

20.In which of the following sentences does the preposition “ beneath ” carry a metaphorical sense?

A.An X-ray technique has unveiled a hidden portrait beneath the painting.

B.A hole appeared beneath railway tracks at around 3 a.m.on Thursday.

C.As the content is banal, it is easy to dismiss it as beneath serious consideration.

D.Rocks formed beneath the ocean floor may be a source of free hydrogen gas.

21.The______ conclusion by scientists until recently had been that rising air temperatures were causing the Antarctic Peninsula to melt.

A.prevailing

B.prevalent

C.persuasive

D.popular

22.The multinational corporation has made a take-over______ for a local property company.

A.application

B.merge

C.bid

D.auction

23.Unable to continue at her job and to pay rent, Vicky and her family were______ from their home.

A.evicted

B.revoked

C.evacuated

D.rejected

24.The archaeological dig is almost without______ the most revelatory of its kind, and it has begun to transform our knowledge of life in the Bronze Age.

A.precedent

B.premise

C.preference

D.predecessor

25.Both official and unofficial records indicate that the war______ over 6 million people, resulting in the creation of the largest refugee population worldwide today.

A.placed

B.replaced

C.displaced

D.misplaced

26.Few are spared from suffering in The Kite Runner , and the author______ from offering a simplistic happy ending.

A.constrains

B.restrains

C.refrains

D.strains

27.When young, Paul earned his living by______ works of art in the museum.

A.recovering

B.renewing

C.restoring

D.reviving

28.The editor of Merriam-Webster pointed out that there are many reasons to look up a word in the dictionary______ than learning its meaning.

A.rather

B.other

C.more

D.different

29.The job of a student accommodation officer______ a great many visits to landladies.

A.concerns

B.involves

C.requests

D.offers

30.Ten soldiers were ambushed and______ injured after the gunmen attacked the camp late at night.

A.vehemently

B.periodically

C.enormously

D.critically

PART IV CLOZE [10 MIN]

Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank.The words can be used ONCE ONLY.Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

A.appeal B.assurance C.bottom D.delivery E.exerted F.few G.general H.heart I.identical J.lingering K.method L.reverse M.some N.short O.struggling

Why has the McDonal's model proven so irresistible? Eating fast food at McDonald's has certainly become a “sign” that, among other things, one is in tune with the contemporary lifestyle.There's also a kind of magic or (31)_______ associated with such food and their settings.However, what will be focused on here are the four alluring dimensions that lie at the (32)_______ of the success of this model.In (33)_______, McDonald's has succeeded because it offers consumers, workers, and managers efficiency, calculability, predictability and control.

One important element of McDonald's success is efficiency , or the optimum (34)_______ for getting from one point to another.For consumers, McDonald's offers the best available way to get from being hungry to being full.In a society where both parents are likely to work or where a single parent is (35)_______ to raise children on her own, efficiently satisfying hunger is very attractive.

Calculability is an emphasis on the quantitative aspects of products sold (portion size, cost) and services offered (the time it takes to get the product).In McDonaldized systems, quantity has become equivalent to quality; a lot of something, or the quick (36)_______ of it, means it must be good.

McDonald's also offers predictability , the (37)_______ that products and services will be the same over time and in all locales.The Egg McMuffin in New York will be (38)_______ to those in Chicago and Los Angeles.Also those eaten next week or next year will be the same as those eaten today.

The fourth element in McDonald's success, control , is (39)_______ over the people who enter the world of McDonald's.Lines, limited menus, and (40)_______ options all lead diners to do what management wishes them to do—eat quickly and leave.

PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]

SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

In this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions.For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

PASSAGE ONE

(1) We didn't always live on Mango Street.Before that we lived on Loomis on the third floor, and before that we lived on Keeler.Before Keeler it was Paulina, and before that I can't remember.But what I remember most is moving a lot.Each time it seemed there'd be one more of us.By the time we got to Mango Street we were six—Mama, Papa, Carlos, Kiki, my sister Nenny and me.

(2) The house on Mango Street is ours, and we don't have to pay rent to anybody, or share the yard with the people downstairs, or be careful not to make too much noise, and there isn't a landlord banging on the ceiling with a broom.But even so, it's not the house we'd thought we'd get.

(3) We had to leave the flat on Loomis quick.The water pipes broke and the landlord wouldn't fix them because the house was too old.We had to leave fast.We were using the washroom next door and carrying water over in empty milk gallons.That's why Mama and Papa looked for a house, and that's why we moved into the house on Mango Street, far away, on the other side of town.

(4) They always told us that one day we would move into a house, a real house that would be ours for always so we wouldn't have to move each year.And our house would have running water and pipes that worked.And inside it would have real stairs, not hallway stairs, but stairs inside like the house on TV.And we'd have a basement and at least three washrooms so when we took a bath we wouldn't have to tell everybody.Our house would be white with trees around it, a great big yard and grass growing without a fence.This was the house Papa talked about when he held a lottery ticket and this was the house Mama dreamed up in the stories she told us before we went to bed.

(5) But the house on Mango Street is not the way they told it at all.It's small and red with tight steps in front and windows so small you'd think they were holding their breath.Bricks are crumbling in places, and the front door is so swollen you have to push hard to get in.There is no front yard, only four little elms the city planted by the curb.Our back is a small garage for the car we don't own yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side.There are stairs in our house, but they're ordinary hallway stairs, and the house has only one washroom.Everybody has to share a bedroom—Mama and Papa, Carlos and Kiki, me and Nenny.

(6) Once when we were living on Loomis, a nun from my school passed by and saw me playing out front.The laundromat downstairs had been boarded up because it had been robbed two days before and the owner had painted on the wood YES WE'RE OPEN so as not to lose business.

(7) Where do you live? She asked.

(8) There, I said pointing up to the third floor.

(9) You live there ?

(10) There .I had to look to where she pointed—the third floor, the paint peeling, wooden bars Papa had nailed on the windows so we wouldn't fall out.You live there ? The way she said it made me feel like nothing. There .I lived there .I nodded.

(11) I knew then I had to have a house.A real house.One I could point to.But this isn't it.The house on Mango Street isn't it.For the time being, Mama says.Temporary, says Papa.But I know how those things go .

41.The size of the family_______ each time they moved house.

A.grew

B.shrank

C.fluctuated

D.stayed the same

42.Which of the following does NOT fit the description of the family's dream house (Para.4)?

A.Spaciousness.

B.Convenience.

C.Quietness.

D.Comfort.

43.The narrator's dream house and the house on Mango Street are compared in the following details EXCEPT_______.

A.yard

B.size

C.stairs

D.garage

PASSAGE TWO

(1) Thanksgiving may be an official day of gratitude in the U.S., but research suggests that if you make time for “thank you” every day, you might enjoy life more.

(2) Many people may think of gratitude as a “passive” gesture—you wait for something good, then feel grateful, said David DeSteno, a professor of psychology at Northeastern University.DeSteno studies the effects that thankfulness can have on people's behavior.

(3) But a growing body of research is suggesting the opposite is true, according to DeSteno.By choosing to feel gratitude, people can make positive changes in their lives.“Gratitude isn't passive reflection.It's active,” DeSteno said.“And it's not about the past.It's there to help direct our behavior in the future.”

(4) In experiments where he and his colleagues set people up to feel grateful, they found that thankfulness appeared to spur participants to act in more cooperative, less selfish ways.In one study, for example, people came to the lab to complete a computer task.At some point, certain participants' computers were rigged to “crash”.Luckily, a kind stranger who had just completed the same task (and was actually part of the research team) offered help and got the computer running again.Afterward, all of the study participants played a standard economic game where people have the opportunity to either act strictly in their own self-interest or in a more cooperative way.

(5) In general, DeSteno's team found, the study participants who had gotten help from a stranger during that first test were more likely to be cooperative during the next test.(A survey all of the participants took confirmed that those who'd received help were, in fact, feeling more grateful than their counterparts who'd had smooth sailing.) That's one of a number of studies, DeSteno said, that suggest that gratitude helps guide behavior.It can encourage you to get more exercise, or to be more helpful to others (and not just that person you feel you “owe”).

(6) Some research has also found links between gratitude and better health, such as lower blood pressure and just feeling physically better.However, it's not clear whether gratitude directly affects physical well-being.

(7) At the University of California, Professor Naomi Eisenberger and her colleagues hope to zero in a bit more on the effects of gratitude.For six weeks, some study participants will spend time writing about things for which they are grateful.The rest will write about positive subjects, but won't focus on gratitude.

(8) According to Eisenberger, gratitude, based on studies like DeSteno's, seems to enhance people's ability to care for others.And in animals, Eisenberger noted, caregiving is linked to lesser reactivity in the face of a threat—mothers may will feel less scared for themselves when a predator comes, and protect their babies instead.

(9) Whatever the biological effects, plenty of research suggests that gratitude can change how you feel—even about those people who've been in your life for years, according to Sara Algoe, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of North Carolina.

(10) Her research has focused on the effects of gratitude in romantic relationships.In one study of 77 couples who'd been together for an average of four years, Algoe's team had each partner think of something the other had done for them recently—no matter how small—and then thank him or her.Before that task, the couples completed a survey on their satisfaction with their relationship.Then they did it again six months later.

(11) In general, the study saw a shift in people who felt their partner really meant that “thank you”—thinking, for example, that “my partner saw the‘real’me”.Those men and women typically felt more satisfied with their relationship six months later.The findings, according to Algoe, highlight the importance of saying “thank you” even for those mundane things, from those people you see every day.

(12) “Expressing gratitude well is a potent part of relationship satisfaction,” Algoe said.“Sometimes we feel grateful, but we don't say it.This research suggests it's important to say it.And if someone offers you help, try accepting it instead of shunning it.See it as a gift.”

44.Which of the following statements about gratitude does Professor DeSteno most likely agree?

A.It is passive and personal.

B.It can help one accomplish a task.

C.It can direct one's future behavior.

D.It is about what help one gets from others.

45.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential benefit of gratitude?

A.Improved physical health.

B.Better mental well-being.

C.Tendency to care for others.

D.Higher relationship satisfaction.

46.According to the passage, one similarity between DeSteno's and Algoe's research lies in_______.

A.the number of their participants

B.the task types for their participants

C.their research procedures

D.their research objectives

47.What is the main topic of the passage?

A.Effects of gratitude.

B.Categories of gratitude.

C.Gratitude and marriage.

D.Gratitude and cooperation.

PASSAGE THREE

(1) As words fall in and out of fashion, new ones enter the language.But some, such as autonaut, chassimover and pupamotor failed to reach the assembly line .

(2) English is a marvelous mashup of words.A few Celtic place names.A stock of Old English words (day and night, black and white, food and drink).More than twice as many words adopted from Norman French (marriage, parliament).Sometimes competing words from both: motherhood (Old English) and maternity (Norman French).Words of Greek derivation, like octopus.Words of Latin derivation, such as campus and ultimatum.Words from all over the place: Welsh (corgi), Irish (brogues), Arabic (algebra), German (hamster), Chinese (typhoon), Japanese (tycoon), American Indian (tobacco), and many more.

(3) Wherever they come from, words fall in and out of fashion.Within living memory some words have changed meanings completely, while bad and wicked changed, then changed back.Yesterday's slang is respectable today.In the 1950s and 60s, words that angered people who write to newspapers included job (the writer thought it vulgar, and preferred employment), and breakdown (“horrible jargon”).The Manchester Guardian stylebook of 1950 banned such “slang” phrases as bank on, face up to, give away, sack (for “dismiss”) and many others.

(4) The expression “foregone conclusion” once meant an experience previously undergone, rather than making a decision without listening to the arguments.Many words we use today have a different meaning from 20, never mind 50, 100 or 200 years ago.The word “nice” once meant silly (silly meant happy or blessed), then subtle, then pleasant.You could be sad with food and drink—it meant full to the brim, and was related to satisfied and saturated.It then came to mean solid, so a reliable person could be called sad; in time, solid, heavy and dull came to mean sad in one of our modern uses.In recent years it subtly acquired an additional meaning, as in “how sad is that?”

(5) About 1,700 words are first recorded in Shakespeare (which does not necessarily mean he invented them), including barefaced, fancy-free, laughable and submerged.Milton is credited with the expression “all ears”.Jung invented the word synchronicity as well as ambivalent, extrovert and introvert, while Freud came up with the word psychoanalysis, which is derived from the Greek for butterfly, psyche , who was also the Greek goddess of the soul.

(6) There is another continual source of new words.The man who developed Bluetooth in 1996 was reading a historical novel about Harald Bluetooth, a 10th-century King of Denmark, at the time and appropriated his name.Spam, in the sense of unwanted emails, was named after the 1970 Monty Python cafe sketch in which Spam, in the sense of unwanted canned meat, was compulsory in every dish.Sometimes new words catch on, sometimes they don't, but you can always bet that someone, somewhere will object to them.I recall readers complaining about the Guardian's use of the new word blog (an abbreviation of another new word, weblog) but within a very short time it had become established.In the early 1960s, the Automobile Association sought suggestions from the public for a new word to describe drivers: submissions included autocarist, autonaut, chassimover, motorman, wheelist, and the bizarre acronym pupamotor (“person using power-assisted means of travelling on roads”).The idea was dropped.Whoever came up with laser (“light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation”) in 1960 was more successful.

(7) The writer A.P.Herbert devised a scoring system for new words, which would be given marks out of 10 on each of four criteria: is it readily understood, is it to be admired, is it sound etymologically, and is it actually required? The pass mark was 50% and television, for example, just scraped through (scoring respectively 10, 0, 0, and 10).One of my favorite recent words is bouncebackability, a neat alternative to “the ability to bounce back” attributed to the former football manager Iain Dowie. I fear it would fail the test .

48.What does the word mashup (Para.2) mean according to the context?

A.Variation.

B.Composition.

C.Mixture.

D.Structure.

49.What is the shared theme of Paras.3 and 4?

A.New use of slang phrases.

B.Origins of words and slangs.

C.Changes in word meaning.

D.Latest trend of word use.

50.From Paras.5 and 6, we know that words were coined in the following areas EXCEPT_______.

A.psychology

B.literature

C.technology

D.medicine

SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passage in Section A.Answer the questions in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

PASSAGE ONE

51.What can be inferred about the narrator's flat on Loomis (Para.3)?

52.What does the narrator mean by “I know how things go” (Para.11)?

PASSAGE TWO

53.Whom does the word “counterparts” (Para.5) refer to?

PASSAGE THREE

54.What does “failed to reach the assembly line” (Para.1) mean?

55.What is the author's tone in the last sentence of the passage?

PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]

Read carefully the following excerpt of a news report, and then write your response in No LESS THAN 200 WORDS, in which you should:

(1) summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then

(2) make specific suggestions as to how to raise people's awareness of environmental protection by using the plastic bag ban as an example.

You can support yourself with information from the excerpt.

Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality: Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

Now the trend towards banning plastic shopping bags comes in the wake of new findings regarding the extent and harm of plastic in our environment.Since plastic isn't biodegradable, it ends up either in landfills or as litter on the landscape and in waterways and the ocean.Plastic can take hundreds of years to decompose and release toxins into the soil and water in the process.

Littered plastic is also a huge problem for the health of wildlife, as many animals ingest it thinking it is food and can have problems thereafter breathing and digesting.The non-profit Worldwatch Institute reports that at least 267 species of marine wildlife are known to have suffered from entanglement or ingestion of marine debris, most of which is composed of plastic.A recent study on the impact of litter on North Sea wildlife has found that some 90 percent of the birds examined had plastic in their stomachs.

Another reason for banning plastic bags is their burden on fossil fuel.Plastic is not only made from petroleum: producing it typically requires a lot of fossil-fuel-derived energy.The fact that the use of millions, or even billions of plastic grocery bags each year means we are drilling for or are importing millions of barrels worth of oil and natural gas for a convenient way to carry home a few groceries.

Environmental groups have continued to push for more plastic bag bans.They argue that using fossil fuel to make something so short-lived, which can blow away at the slightest breeze and pollutes indefinitely, is illogical, particularly when there is a ready alternative: the reusable bag.

THE END ■

注:2022年专四真题中,PART III LANGUAGE USAGE 和PART IV CLOZE这两个题型一共有两套试题,本书中本套试卷选取的是其中一套。这两个题型的另外一套题请扫描图书封面的二维码获取电子版。

ANSWER SHEET 1 (TEM-4)

必须使用黑色字迹签字笔在答题区域内作答,超出彩色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效。

PART I DICTATION
Gestures

Gestures are movements made with body parts.________________________ h49jWwXp5Prxz3BdpXbpqGXUIVWhdcEfOhQMZgWfR1Oewtn7fQrUpXJTlJLcGRkZ

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A TALK
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