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4.5 目的状语从句

4.5.1 常用连词

常用的连词有:so that, in order that和that。从句中常含有情态动词may/might, shall/should, will/would, can/could等。请看真题例句:

43 Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get out of the way” so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.(2003年阅读第四篇)

妙语点睛 从句由so that引导,表示目的,意为“以便”。从句含有情态动词can。

精品译文 人们常引用科罗拉多州前州长Richard Lamm的话说,老年人和多病者“有义务死去和让位”,以便让更年轻、更健康的人们发挥他们的潜能。

真题再现:语法攻克考研“完形填空”——2003年第35题

44 In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens have short attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants down.

A. if only B. now that C. so that D. even if

正确答案 C

妙语点睛 本题考查状语从句的连词。主句说“应该组织各种各样的活动”,从句说“参加者愿意活动多久就活动多久”。显然,这两句间的逻辑关系应该是手段与目的的关系,所以 so that(以便)正确。A是表示条件“只要”,B表示原因“既然……”,D表示让步“即使……”。

精品译文 在设计这类活动时,应记住:青少年的注意力持续时间较短。因此,活动的形式要丰富多彩,这样,他们就可按自己的意愿参与这些活动,想活动多久就活动多久,在转而参加另一项活动时,也不会感到内疚或让伙伴失望。

4.5.2 其他引导词

lest, for fear (that), in case也可引导目的状语从句,译为“以免”、“以防止”、“生怕……”,从句谓语动词一般用情态动词should,但可省略。请看真题例句:

45 They (scientists) should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth.(2003年阅读第二篇)

妙语点睛 这里目的从句的连词是lest,从句谓语用了动词原形go,尽管主语是单数misinformation,这是因为省去了情态动词should,原句应该是:lest animal rights misinformation should go...。

精品译文 他们(科学家)应该及时回复读者来信,以免有关动物权利的误导言论不受质疑,甚至披上一层真理的外衣。

46 What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar.(2000年阅读第五篇)

妙语点睛 这里目的从句的连词是lest,从句谓语用了动词原形be,尽管主语是第三人称复数they,这是因为省去了情态动词should,原句应该是:lest they should be...。

精品译文 实际状况是,人们不能像从前那样轻易地、公开地完全承认他们的梦想,以免被人认为是出风头、贪婪、庸俗。

此外,我们还可用in the hope that, on purpose that, for the purpose that, to the end that等来表示目的。不过,这在历年阅读真题中尚未出现过。 0xSiJlZCddsobCYGn66edP9iFAIFo68DNPuYiunorLCRjURYnWVXFFlXX4iS0PVT

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