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在考研阅读文章中，经常会出现多个that从句并列使用的情形。请看例句：
11 No birth certificate is issued when a friendship is born. There is nothing tangible. There is just a feeling that your life is different and that your capacity to love and care has miraculously been enlarged without any effort on your part.
妙语点睛 这里两个that从句都是同位语从句，补充说明先行词feeling。
精品译文 友谊诞生时，不会颁发出生证明，因为友谊是一种无形的感受，你的生活从此不同了，你关爱的能力不知不觉被神奇地提高了。
12 Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it.（2006年阅读第四篇）
妙语点睛 这里三个that从句作remember的宾语，是宾语从句。
精品译文 今天，我们的周围充斥着可以轻易得到幸福的许诺，我们需要艺术来告诉我们，正如宗教曾经告诉过我们的：记住你终将死亡，一切都会结束，幸福不会因否定这一点而到来，而是与之共存的。
13 Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.（2005年阅读第二篇）
妙语点睛 这里有四个that宾语从句并列使用，需要注意的是，第一个that从句that smoking would kill us是在及物动词argued后面作宾语，而其他三个that从句都是在insisted后面作宾语。也就是说，后面三个宾语从句所表达的观点是怀疑论者的观点，而非科学家的观点。若没有理解到这一层，定会造成对整个句子的误解。最后一个that是指示形容词，后接名词nonsense。
精品译文 那些年科学家们争论说吸烟会致命，但是有些怀疑论者坚持说我们尚不能肯定这一点。对此你还有印象吗？怀疑论者的这些观点——认为证据不确凿，科学也不能够确定；认为反对吸烟的游说议员是要破坏我们的生活方式，而政府对吸烟这件事应该置身事外——你还记得吗？很多美国人对这些谬论很买账，以致在三十年中，约有一千万烟民过早地进入了坟墓。
此外，还有not that...but that...这样的并列结构。比如：
14 As Dr. Samuel Johnson said in a different era about ladies preaching, the surprising thing about computers is not that they think less well than a man, but that they think at all.
精品译文 就如同Samuel Johnson在另一时代说到妇女布道一样，我们对电脑的质疑不是电脑是否像我们人类那样善于思考，而是电脑究竟能否思考。
15 It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former.
精品译文 这并不是说面包师或卖肉的人所用的磅秤和化学家所用的天平在构造原理或工作方式上存在差别，而是说与前者相比，后者是一种更精密的装置，因而在计量上必然更准确。
我们现在来做一下综合练习，下列各句中的that综合了上述讨论过的所有用法。请分析，并将句子译成汉语。
16 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are comprehensive programs that address the many needs of the homeless. （2006年完形填空）
17 This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.（2005年英译汉第48题）
18 As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive—there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.
19 Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected American. But they have done more than that . They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not American, who have become anti-intellectual. （2006年英译汉）
20 Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline”. The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that , which is a bad way to do business. （2006年阅读第三篇）
21 The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's report “Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that out nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”（2005年阅读第二篇）
22 In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that , firstly, each of us can do whatever job is suited to his brain and ability, and secondly, that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that it is very bad to be unwilling to do one's work, or to laugh at someone else's. Only such a type of education can be called valuable to society.
16 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are comprehensive programs that address the many needs of the homeless.（2006年完形填空）
妙语点睛 第一个that从句是宾语从句，作notes的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第二个that从句是定语从句，修饰先行词programs，that作从句的主语。
精品译文 《波士顿环球报》记者Chris Reidy 指出，只有通过全面的规划来解决无家可归者的诸多需要，形势才会有所改善。
17 This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. （2005年英译汉第48题）
妙语点睛 第一个that从句是宾语从句，作demonstrates的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第二个that从句是定语从句，修饰先行词statistics，that作从句的主语。
第三个that从句是宾语从句，作show的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分。
精品译文 仅这一点就表明在电视行业里生存不那么容易，这个事实通过统计数字也是一目了然，统计表明80家欧洲电视网中1989年出现亏损的不下50%。
18 As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive—there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.
妙语点睛 第一个that从句是宾语从句，作acknowledges的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第二个that从句是定语从句，修饰先行词language or dialect，that作从句的主语。
精品译文 作为一名语言学家，他承认所有的人类语言，包括非标准的语言，如黑人英语，都可以明确地表情达意——世界上没有一种语言或方言不能表达复杂的意思。
19 Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected American. But they have done more than that . They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not American, who have become anti-intellectual.（2006年英译汉）
妙语点睛 第一个that从句是主语从句，that不作从句的任何成分；
第二个that从句是宾语从句，作suggest的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第三个that从句是宾语从句，作observed的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第四个that是指示代词，代指前边的that从句：It is the intellectuals who have rejected American.
精品译文 美国的知识分子在他们的社会中被拒绝，而且被认为没有价值，这是真的吗？我想指出这不是真的。当Bruckbergen神父说他观察到的是知识分子拒绝了美国时，他只说对了一部分。实际上，知识分子们做得更过分，他们已经不满足于知识分子的身份。是他们，而不是美国，变得“反知识分子”。
20 Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline”. The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that , which is a bad way to do business.（2006年阅读第三篇）
妙语点睛 第一个that从句是宾语从句，作argue的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第二个that是指示代词，代指前边的名词idea；
第三个that从句是表语从句，that不作从句的任何成分；
第四个that是指示代词，代指前边提到的那个“观念”（notion）：People have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past；
第五个that从句是宾语从句，作suggests的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第六个that从句是定语从句，修饰先行词yield，that作从句的主语；
第七个that是指示代词，代指前边的50% of its original levels。
精品译文 Myers和Worm博士坚持认为，他们的研究给出了正确的基线，未来的管理决策者必须给予重视。他们相信这些资料支持了目前在海洋生物学家中流行的一种观点，即“多变的基线”观点。这种观点认为人们只限于对过去相对较短时期的研究，所以没有能够觉察到海洋中发生的巨大变化。这点很重要，因为理论指出，一个渔场能够获得的最高持续产量只有当目标物种的生物量是原来水平的50%时才能实现，而大部分的渔场都处于这个水平之下，这对于正常的商业活动是很不利的。
21 The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's report “Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”（2005年阅读第二篇）
妙语点睛 第一个that从句是宾语从句，作tell的直接宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第二个that从句是宾语从句，作tell的另一个直接宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第三个that从句是表语从句，that不作从句的任何成分；
第四个that从句是主语从句，that不作从句的任何成分；
第五个that从句是定语从句，修饰先行词judgments，that作从句谓语provide的宾语。
精品译文 最近的事情是，得到白宫支持的国家科学院的一次专家论坛告诉我们，地球周围的大气正在变暖，而问题很大程度上是人为的。信息很明确，我们应该行动起来保护自己。科学院院长Bruce Alberts在小组提交的报告序言里加入了一个关键点：“科学不能提供所有的答案，但是确实为我们提供了关于未来的最佳指南。重要的是，我们的国家和全世界，在有关目前的行动所产生的未来后果上，应该把重要政策建立在科学所能提供的最佳判断的基础上。”
22 In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that , firstly, each of us can do whatever job is suited to his brain and ability, and secondly, that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that it is very bad to be unwilling to do one's work, or to laugh at someone else's. Only such a type of education can be called valuable to society.
妙语点睛 第一个that从句是宾语从句，作say的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第二个that从句是宾语从句，作means的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第三个that是such...that搭配，是定语从句；
第四个that是such...that搭配，是定语从句；
第五个that从句是宾语从句，作realize的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分；
第六个that从句是宾语从句，作realize的宾语，that不作从句的任何成分。
精品译文 事实上，我们说所有的人都必须接受教育以适应生活，也就是说我们必须以这样的方式接受教育：首先，我们每一个人能做与他自己智力、能力相适应的工作；其次，我们能够认识到，对社会来说所有工作都是必要的，不愿干自己的工作或嘲笑别人的工作都是不对的。只有这样的一种教育才能叫做对社会有价值的教育。