作为指示代词的that后面不接名词,从而与上述的指示形容词that区分开来。请看例句:
1 Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind, though differing in degree, as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.
妙语点睛 这里的that是一个指示代词,指代前文出现过的名词短语a complex train of reasoning。另外,that后面接有一个定语从句,所以that同时也是定语从句的先行词。
精品译文 在座的诸位中,大概不会有人一整天都没有机会进行一连串复杂的思考活动,尽管这些思考活动与科学家在探索自然现象原因时所经历的 思考活动 复杂程度不同,但在类型上是完全一样的。
2 Creating a “European identity”that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice— that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.
妙语点睛 我们看到这里其实有两个that。第一个that是定语从句的关系代词,引导定语从句来修饰European identity。我们要讨论的是第二个that,即that of producing...,这个that就是一个指示代词,指代前文出现过的名词choice。
精品译文 不同的文化和传统把欧洲大陆编织成一体,要创造出一种尊重这些不同文化和传统的“欧洲品牌”绝非易事,这需要人们做出战略性的 选择 ,即 选择 在欧洲为欧洲制作节目。
3 His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
妙语点睛 这里that是一个指示代词,指代前文出现过的名词function。
精品译文 他的 职责 与法官的 职责 相似,必须承担这样的责任:用尽可能明了的方式来展示自己做出决定的推理过程。
从以上例句可以看到,作指示代词的that往往都是指代前面出现过的名词(如function),并且后面通常会带有一个定语。