宾语从句同样是由前面讨论过的连词引导,在这里我们就不再一一列举,而主要关注一下宾语从句在句中的不同位置关系。
22 Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? (2005年阅读第二篇)
妙语点睛 这里有两个宾语从句,分别是在及物动词argued和insisted后面作宾语。这种宾语从句考生都比较熟悉。
精品译文 那些年,科学家们争论说吸烟会致命,但是有些怀疑论者坚持说我们尚不能肯定这一点。对此你还有印象吗?
23 Prof. Lee's book will show you ______ can be used in other contexts.
A. that you have observed B. that how you have observed C. how that you have observed D. how what you have observed
正确答案 D
妙语点睛 此题我们在前面讨论过。这里的从句how what you have observed can be used in other contexts充当show的直接宾语。
精品译文 李教授的这本书能够让你知道如何把你观察到的东西应用到其他场景中。
24 “The test of any democratic society,”he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude , however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won't retreat in the face of any threats.”(1997年阅读第四篇)
妙语点睛 这里有两个宾语从句,一个是how引导的how well it can control expression,另一个是whether引导的whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude,两者都是用在介词in后边作宾语。
精品译文 他在《华尔街日报》的一个专栏中写道:“对任何民主社会的检验不在于它能多好地控制言论的自由表达,而在于它是否尽可能更宽松地赋予思想自由和表达自由,无论可能造成的结果有时是多么富有争议或令人不悦。面对威胁,我们不会退缩。”
25 I will give this dictionary to ______ wants to have it.
A. whomever B. someone C. whoever D. anyone
正确答案 C
妙语点睛 考查名词从句的引导词。很多考生看到介词to,就认为应该填宾格形式的连词,因此选择A。其实这是错误的,因为这里介词to后面接的不是单独连词,而是由连词引导的一个宾语从句。这里的宾语从句是____ wants to have it,显然从句缺主语,因此应该用主格形式的连词whoever,故C正确。
精品译文 谁想要这本词典,我就给谁。
宾语从句出现在复合宾语结构中,即“动词+it形式宾语+宾语补足语+that宾语从句”,此时的宾语从句被置于补足语后边,是一个后置的宾语从句。请看例句:
26 You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.
妙语点睛 这里就是一个后置的宾语从句结构,我们用it来指代三个并列的that宾语从句。
精品译文 你们都多次听说过,科学家是用归纳法和演绎法工作的,他们用这些方法,从某种意义上说,力求从自然界找出某些自然规律,然后再根据这些规律,用自己的某种非同一般的本领建立起自己的理论。
27 There are those who consider it questionable that these defense-linked research projects will account for an improvement in the standard of living or, alternately, do much to protect our diminishing resources.
妙语点睛 这里就是一个后置的宾语从句结构,我们用it来指代这个被后置的that宾语从句。
精品译文 这些与防御有关的研究项目会不会说明生活水平提高了,或者说会不会有利于保护我们日益减少的资源,对此有人持怀疑态度。