疑问代词有主格、宾格和属格之分,在句中充当的成分也不相同。疑问代词各有其不同的含义,在选用疑问代词时需根据其具体的含义而定。
who的意义为“谁”,既可以指单数,也可指复数,在句中主要作主语、宾语和表语。whom在句中只能作动词宾语和介词宾语,作动词宾语时可与who互换使用,作介词宾语时只能用 whom,但如果不出现在介词后,也可用 who替代。
Who put the light out before I finished my work?谁在我做完作业前把灯熄灭了?
Whom/Who have you chosen to take part in the sports meet?你选了谁参加运动会?
With whom did you go to the concert?你和谁去听的音乐会?(whom不可用who替代)
要点拓展
疑问代词作主语时,动词用单数还是复数形式,要根据它们代表的数决定。如果数的概念不清,动词多采用单数形式。
Who are there on the playground? It's so noisy.谁在操场上?这么热闹!(问话者和听话者都知道操场上有一些人)
Who is in the room?谁在屋内?(说话者和听话者可能都不知道是否有人或有多少人)
whose表示“谁的”,既可置于名词前,作定语,也可单独使用,在句中作主语、宾语、表语。
Whose do you like better, Jack's or Sally's?你更喜欢谁的呢,杰克的还是萨利的?
Both Jim and Jack speak English.Whose pronunciation is better?吉姆和杰克都说英语,谁的发音更好呢?
要点拓展
whose既可指单数,也可指复数。
Whose are these school bags?这些书包是哪些人的?
which意为“哪一个、哪一些”,既可指人也可指物,既可指可数名词的单数,也可指复数。在句中作主语、宾语、定语。
Which is more interesting,this book or that?这两本书哪一本更有趣?
I don't know which to choose.我不知道该选哪一个。
Which cities are you going to visit this summer?今年夏天你打算参观哪些城市?
what意为“什么”,可单独使用,也可放在名词前。在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
What makes you love your hometown so much?是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?
What do you usually do on Sundays?星期天你经常做什么?
What are your parents?你父母是干什么的?
What interests do you have?你有哪些兴趣?
高频考点 …………………………………………………………………………………………………… what,which与who
1 what和which
what常泛指“哪一类”,which常在具体的范围内进行选择。
Which colour do you like better,red or yellow?红色和黄色,你更喜欢哪一种?(在红色和黄色中进行选择)
What colour do you like?你喜欢什么颜色?(没有指定选择的范围)
2 what和who
What is your father?你爸爸是做什么的?(询问职业)
—Who is the man?那个人是谁?(询问身份)
—He is my brother.是我哥哥。