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Day 01

音频

Previous Check

□ confer

□ boot

□ increase

□ tempt

□ realistic

□ compound

□ forth

□ failure

□ plaster

□ guide

□ assign

□ develop

□ scrutiny

□ participant

□ peculiar

□ congress

□ subscribe

□ sake

□ balance

□ academic

□ wander

□ defer

□ clip

□ encourage

□ cautious

□ relevant

□ combine

□ status

□ penalty

□ operate

□ believe

□ fuss

□ institution

□ bonus

□ alternative

□ accept

□ strength

□ appeal

□ engage

□ domain

□ instruct

□ stress

□ inferior

□ premise

□ graduate

□ master

□ obsession

□ beneft

□ device

□ degree

□ indicate

□ particular

□ transplant

□ awake

□ supreme

□ challenge

□ predict

□ burn

□ private

□ oriental

□ convert

□ deliver

□ respond

□ naval

□ migrate

□ composition

□ initiate

□ extraordinary

□ diffuse

□ inner

□ invite

□ scholar

□ fetch

□ wage

□ mammal

□ structure

□ guess

□ chance

□ precious

□ compensate

□ query

□ tragic

□ skip

□ decade

□ prudent

□ variation

□ elaborate

□ restraint

□ cheat

□ spray

□ drastic

□ stare

□ mandate

□ admission

□ manner

□ file

□ upset

□ thesis

□ phrase

□ explicit

001

confer /kənˈfɜː(r) /

v. 商讨,协商;赋予,授予

confer sth.on/upon sb.授予某人某物

You would confer a great favor upon me by coming with me.你和我一起来对我来说是莫大的帮助。

conference /ˈkɒnfərəns / n. 会议;讨论 || conferment /kənˈfɜːmənt / n. 给予;商量

002

boot /buːt /

n. 靴子;(汽车后部的)行李箱;猛踢 v. 启动(计算机);猛踢;装入操作系统

get the boot 被解雇;被抛弃 || lick sb.’s boots 阿谀奉承;拍马屁

All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.我所要做的就是去翻我的CD架,或者启动我的电脑,依旧从iTunes下载更多录制好的音乐。(2011年)

003

increase

/ɪnˈkriːs / v. 增加;(使)增长 /ˈɪŋkriːs / n. 增加;增长

From the 10th century onwards, as merchant and travel routes became more developed, the construction of caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night.从10世纪起,随着商路和旅行路线的日益发达,商队客店的建设也随之增加,它们成为人们夜间休息的安全场所。(2023年)

soar /sɔː(r) / v. 急剧增加,飙升;高飞

decrease /dɪˈkriːs / v. 减少;下降 /ˈdiːkriːs / n. 减少;下降 || reduce /rɪˈdjuːs / v. 减少

004

tempt /tempt /

v. 吸引;引诱

You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.你甚至可能会忍不住认为,人类几乎没有未来可言。(2013年)

temptation /tempˈteɪʃn / n. 诱惑

attract /əˈtrækt / v. 吸引

005

realistic /ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk /

adj. 现实的;务实的;现实主义的

They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.他们往往把钱包捂得紧紧的,认为在家吃饭是一种务实的选择。(2010年)

006

compound /ˈkɒmpaʊnd /

n. 化合物;复合词

Scientists say the compound is likely to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof.科学家们说,这种化合物可能致癌,但没有确凿的科学证据。(2020年)

007

forth /fɔːθ /

adv. 向前;向某处

and so forth 等等 || back and forth 来来回回地

It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth,which they believed to be founded in knowledge.伟大思想家的目的和责任就是去传播和探求真理,他们相信真理是建立在知识之上的。(2020年)

forwards /ˈfɔːwədz / adv. 向前;今后 || onwards /ˈɒnwədz / adv. 向前;前往

008

failure /ˈfeɪljə(r) /

n. 失败;失败的事

academic failure 学业上的失败

The difference between C-grade and A-grade managers may very well be the difference between business success or failure .C级经理人和A级经理人之间的差别很可能就是企业成败的差别。(2022年)

009

plaster /ˈplɑːstə(r) /

n. 灰泥;石膏;膏药

Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster ;the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety.几乎所有的内部细节都是铸铁或石膏;为了确保消防安全,尽量减少了木材的使用。(2018年)

010

guide /ˈɡaɪd /

v. 指导;给某人领路 n. 指南;指导者;导游

The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for.曾经,营销成功的大致指南是“一分钱一分货”。(2011年)

011

assign /əˈsaɪn /

v. 分配,委派;指定时间、地点等

assign sth.to sb.把某物分配给某人

The student union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest.你所在大学的学生会指派你向留学生们告知即将举行的歌唱比赛。(2020年)

assignment /əˈsaɪnmənt / n. 分配;任务;(课外)作业

allot /əˈlɒt / v. 分配 || allocate /ˈæləkeɪt / v. 分配

012

develop /dɪˈveləp /

v. 发展;开发;出现(问题);(使)成长;患(病);修建

Sophisticated technologies develop from small inventions.尖端技术是由小发明发展而来的。(2024年)

013

scrutiny /ˈskruːtəni /

n. 仔细检查;认真彻底的审查

Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal's internal editors,or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers.稿件将由期刊的内部编辑、现有的审稿编辑委员会或外部的同行评审员进行额外审查。(2015年)

inspection /ɪnˈspekʃn / n. 检查;视察 || investigation /ɪnˌvestɪˈɡeɪʃn / n. 调查;侦察

014

participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt /

n. 参与者

The reach of art-science tie-ups needs to go beyond the necessary purpose of research communication, and participants must not fall into the trap of stereotyping each other.艺术与科学结合的范围要超越研究交流的必要目的,参与者不能陷入对彼此的刻板印象的陷阱。(2022年)

015

peculiar /pɪˈkjuːliə(r) /

adj. 奇怪的;独特的;专门的;特殊的

The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all—it is just providing citations to other journals.奇怪的点在于,据说编辑为之工作的期刊根本没有获利,只是为其他期刊提供引文。(2023年)

distinctive /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv / adj. 有特色的,与众不同的 || particular /pəˈtɪkjələ(r) / adj. 独有的;特别的

016

congress /ˈkɒŋɡres /

n. 国会;议会;代表大会

The bill proved largely popular and sailed through Congress with large majorities in favor.事实证明,该法案大受欢迎,并在国会以绝大多数赞成票顺利通过。(2023年)

congressman /ˈkɒŋɡrəsmən / n. 国会议员

parliament /ˈpɑːləmənt / n. 议会,国会

parliament指英国或加拿大等国的议会,通常首字母大写;congress指美国等国的国会,也可指代表大会。

017

subscribe /səbˈskraɪb /

v. 订阅;认购(股份);定期捐款

Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.论文版权归期刊出版商所有,想了解实验结果的研究者不得不订阅该期刊。(2008年)

subscriber /səbˈskraɪbə(r) / n. (报刊等的)订阅人 || subscription /səbˈskrɪpʃn / n. (报刊等的)订阅

018

sake /seɪk /

n. 目的;利益;理由;日本清酒

for the sake of 为了……起见;因……的缘故;为获得(或保持)某物

The Romans buried the nails probably for the sake of hiding them from the locals.罗马人埋葬这些钉子可能是为了不让当地人找到它们。(2024年)

019

balance /ˈbæləns /

v. 平衡;均衡 n. 平衡;余额

It has restored the balance among neighboring jurisdictions.它恢复了相邻辖区之间的平衡。(2024年)

imbalance /ɪmˈbæləns / n. 不平衡

020

academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk /

adj. 学业的;教学的;学术的;学院的;学业优秀的 n. 高等院校教师;高校科研人员

The solution is to change the mindset of the academic community,and what it considers to be its main goal.解决的办法是改变学术界的思维模式以及学术界所认为的主要目标。(2013年)

021

wander /ˈwɒndə(r) /

v. 漫游;闲逛;徘徊;流浪;漂泊;走失;离散;走神;蜿蜒 n. 游荡;溜达;闲逛;徘徊

What about the son or daughter who is grown but seems to be struggling and wandering aimlessly through early adulthood?那些已经长大成人,但似乎还在成年早期漫无目的地挣扎和徘徊的儿子或女儿该怎么办?(2007年)

022

defer /dɪˈfɜː(r) /

v. 推迟;延期;服从

defer to 听从,服从

This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.这就是为什么近年来改革立法的多次尝试都以失败告终,导致邮政局无力支付账单,只能推迟重要的现代化进程。(2018年)

postpone /pəˈspəʊn / v. 延迟;延期;暂缓 || prolong /prəˈlɒŋ / v. 延长

delay、postpone、prolong和defer四个词均有“延期”的意思。delay为普通用词,多指因外界原因推迟或耽误;postpone多指有安排的延期,常指明延期到什么时间;prolong指把时间延长至超过正常或通常的限度;defer语气强于postpone,多指故意拖延。

023

clip /klɪp /

v. 删减,缩短;剪(掉);修剪;夹住 n. 夹,钳;回形针;(视频的)片段

Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere,you will not lose any writing on the other side.这样,你的页面将更容易记录,而且,如果你不得不剪切一个段落并将其放在其他地方,你也不会丢失另一侧的任何文字。(2008年)

prune /pruːn / v. 修剪 || shear /ʃɪə(r) / v. 剪,修剪

024

encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ /

v. 支持;鼓励;激励;促进;助长;鼓动,怂恿

If we are serious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful and reproducible, we must ensure that our institutions encourage that kind of science.如果我们真的要确保我们的科学既有意义又可复制,我们就必须确保我们的机构鼓励这种科学。(2019年)

encouragement /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt / n. 鼓励;鼓舞

discourage /dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ / v. 阻止;使灰心

025

cautious /ˈkɔːʃəs /

adj. 谨慎的,小心的

Because employment protection laws make it costlier to fire an employee, employers are more cautious about hiring new staff.由于就业保护法提高了解雇员工的成本,雇主在招聘新员工时更加谨慎了。(2022年)

026

relevant /ˈreləvənt /

adj. 相关的;有意义的;有价值的;切题的

If you're doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldn't have time for.如果你正在做研究,你可以让人工智能去寻找相关的资料来源和信息,不这样的话,你根本没有时间去做这些事。(2021年)

027

combine

/kəmˈbaɪn / v. (使)结合;联合;混合;兼有;兼备;兼做;协力 /ˈkɒmbaɪn / n. 集团;联合企业

In previous eras of drastic technological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up ways to combine labor and machines.在以往技术急剧变革的时代,企业家们通过想象出劳动力和机器结合的方法实现了平稳过渡。(2018年)

028

status /ˈsteɪtəs /

n. 地位;身份;职位;(进展的)状况,情形

His father was a clerk in the British Navy pay office—a respectable position, but with little social status .他的父亲是英国海军军饷处的一名职员,这种职位体面,但社会地位不高。(2017年)

029

penalty /ˈpenəlti /

n. 处罚,惩罚;罚款;(体育运动对犯规者的)判罚;点球

The current state of affairs may have been encouraged—though not justified—by the lack of legal penalty (in America,but not Europe) for data leakage.目前的状况可能是由于(在美国,而非欧洲)对数据泄露行为缺乏法律惩罚所促成的,尽管这并不合理。(2017年)

030

operate /ˈɒpəreɪt /

v. 操作,使运行;工作;控制;经营,营业;动手术

The Government has pledged to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that, even when strikes occur, services can continue to operate .政府已经承诺修改法律,引入最低服务要求,以便即使发生罢工,服务也能继续运行。(2021年)

031

believe /bɪˈliːv /

v. 相信;认为;对……有信心;信任

believe in 信任;相信某人(或事物)的存在

Dr Annie Swanepoel, a child psychiatrist, believes that there are ways to incorporate them into western life.儿童精神病学家安妮·斯瓦内普尔博士认为,有办法让它们(这些做法)融入西方生活。(2024年)

032

fuss /fʌs /

n. 忙乱;大惊小怪;紧张不安 v. 过分关心(枝节小事);(为小事)烦恼;(对……)关爱备至

make a fuss of/over sb.对某人过分体贴;大惊小怪

The point of a style upgrade isn't to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear.(穿衣)风格升级并不是为了变得更虚荣,也不是为了花更多的时间在穿什么上纠结。(2016年)

033

institution /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃn /

n. 机构;体制;社会福利机构

financial institution 金融机构

Simply, there are people in Nigeria who cannot travel to the Smithsonian Institution to see that part of their history and culture represented by the Benin Bronzes.确实,在尼日利亚也有人无法前往史密森学会参观贝宁青铜器所代表的他们那部分历史和文化。(2024年)

institutional /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl / adj. 机构的;慈善机构的

034

bonus /ˈbəʊnəs /

n. 奖金;意外收获

Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing.从明年起,如果高管所在的银行因不法行为而被调查,那么他们的任何固定奖金都可能被推迟十年发放。(2019年)

035

alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv /

adj. 另类的;非传统的;可供替代的 n. 可供选择的事物

For wild animals that cannot be returned to their natural habitats, zoos offer the best alternative .对于无法返回自然栖息地的野生动物来说,动物园提供了最好的替代选择。(2022年)

036

accept /əkˈsept /

v. 接受;认可;接纳(为成员等)

Humility requires you to recognize weaknesses in your own arguments and sometimes also to accept reasons on the opposite side.谦虚要求你认识到自己论点中的不足,有时还要接受反方的理由。(2019年)

acceptance /əkˈseptəns / n. 接受 || acceptable /əkˈseptəbl / adj. 可接受的

037

strength /streŋθ /

n. 力量;强度;实力;优势;强烈程度

I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music.我相信,正是这种通过物理手段传递形而上信息的永久共存,才是音乐的力量所在。(2014年)

038

appeal /əˈpiːl /

v. 吸引,引起兴趣;上诉;呼吁 n. 吸引力;上诉;呼吁

Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care don't appeal to robots.园艺或日托等较低收入的工作对机器人没有吸引力。(2018年)

fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt / v. 吸引;使着迷

039

engage /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ /

v. 从事;吸引住(注意力、兴趣);使加入;使融入;聘请

engage in sth.(使)从事,参加 || engage with 与……建立密切关系;尽力理解

“There is one and only one social responsibility of business,”wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.”诺贝尔经济学奖得主米尔顿·弗里德曼写道:“企业的社会责任有且只有一个,那就是利用其资源,从事旨在增加利润的活动。”(2016年)

040

domain /dəʊˈmeɪn /

n. (知识、活动的)领域,范围,范畴;领土,领地;势力范围;域

One suggestion is that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain , and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists,Ortiz says.奥尔蒂斯说,一个建议是,人工智能模型可以用公有领域的图像进行训练,而且人工智能公司可以与博物馆和艺术家建立合作关系。(2024年)

041

instruct /ɪnˈstrʌkt /

v. 指示;吩咐;教;告知,通知

I can't think of a single search I've done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.我想不出在我做猎头寻找候选人时,有任何一次董事会没有指示我首先查看(其他公司的)现任的首席执行官们。(2011年)

042

stress /stres /

n. 精神压力;压力;强调 v. 强调;着重

Chaudhary said that parents now had less childcare support from family and social networks than during most of humans' evolutionary history, but introducing additional caregivers could reduce stress and maternal depression, which could have a “knock-on”benefit to a child's wellbeing.乔杜里说,与人类进化史中的大部分时期相比,现在的父母从家庭和社会网络中获得的育儿支持更少,但引入额外的照顾者可以减轻压力和产妇抑郁,这可能会对孩子的健康产生“连锁”影响。(2024年)

stressful /ˈstresfl / adj. 压力大的;紧张的

043

inferior /ɪnˈfɪəriə(r) /

adj. 劣等的,次的;级别低的 n. 下级,下属

inferior to 比……差;低于……的

They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.它们(录音文件)的品质往往不如现场音乐会。(2011年)

superior /suːˈpɪəriə(r) / adj. 上好的;上级的 n. 上级

044

premise /ˈpremɪs /

n. 前提;假设

The premise was that the common law of contract lacked sufficient safeguards for workers against arbitrary conduct by management.其前提是,普通合同法没有为工人提供足够的保障,使其免受管理层的专制行为的侵害。(2022年)

045

graduate

/ˈɡrædʒuət / n. (大学)毕业生 /ˈɡrædʒueɪt / v. 毕业

Today, 28 per cent of graduates in the UK are in non- graduate roles,a percentage which is double the average among OECD countries.如今,英国有28%的大学毕业生从事不需要文凭的工作,这一比例是经合组织国家平均水平的两倍。(2022年)

graduation /ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn / n. 毕业;毕业典礼

046

master /ˈmɑːstə(r) /

v. 掌握;精通 n. 主人;雇主;老板;专家;高手;(局势的)控制者;硕士学位 adj. 原始拷贝的,母盘的

Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby.零售商如果掌握了在欧洲批发的复杂技巧,很可能会因此获得可观的利润。(2010年)

047

obsession /əbˈseʃn /

n. 痴迷;困扰;[心理]强迫观念

These obsessions made Tom nervous and irritable.这些困扰使汤姆神经紧张,急躁易怒。

048

benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt /

n. 利益,好处;救济金 v. 对……有益;得益

benefit from 得益于……

Both the wildlife park and zoo claimed to be operating for the benefit of the animals and for conservation purposes.野生动物园和动物园都声称是为了动物的利益,以及出于保护的目的而运营的。(2022年)

049

device /dɪˈvaɪs /

n. 装置;设备;手段,策略

Using tracking devices ,researchers have shown that they have “remarkable spatial acuity.”利用跟踪装置,研究人员证明它们(大象)具有“非凡的空间敏锐度”。(2024年)

050

degree /dɪˈɡriː /

n. 程度;学位;级别

bachelor's degree 学士学位 || doctoral degree 博士学位

Their sons or daughters would never say such a thing; it's as if they already know that their degree won't define them in the same way.他们的儿子或女儿永远不会说这样的话;他们似乎已经知道,他们的学位不会以同样的方式定义他们。(2022年)

051

indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt /

v. 表明;暗示;指示,指出;象征,代表

Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ.我们的研究结果表明,当人们成为注意力的中心时,他们不仅感受不同,而且大脑的反应也不同。(2020年)

052

particular /pəˈtɪkjələ(r) /

adj. 专指的;独特的;非同寻常的

in particular 特别

The volatile chemicals produced by plants can be carried a long way, and they are very characteristic: Each plant or tree has its own particular odor signature.植物产生的挥发性化学物质可以被扩散至很远,而且它们非常有特点:每种植物或树木都有自己独特的气味特征。(2024年)

053

transplant

/trænsˈplænt / v. 移植(器官),使迁移 /ˈtrænsplænt / n. (器官)移植

His only chance of survival was a heart transplant .只有进行心脏移植,他才有望活下去。

054

awake /əˈweɪk /

v. (使)醒来;(被)唤起 adj. 醒着的

The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep—when most vivid dreams occur—as it is when fully awake ,says Dr.Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.匹兹堡大学的埃里克·诺夫辛格博士说,大脑在快速眼动睡眠期间(最生动的梦境发生时)与完全清醒时一样活跃。(2005年)

055

supreme /suˈpriːm /

adj. 最高的,至高无上的;极大的,极度的

All this was put at great risk late last month, when the U.S. Supreme Court issued a ruling in an Idaho case that provides the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) far less authority to regulate wetlands and waterways.上个月底,美国最高法院在爱达荷州的一起案件中做出裁决,使得美国环境保护局(EPA)对湿地和水道的管理权限大大降低,所有这一切就变得岌岌可危了。(2024年)

056

challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ /

v. 向……挑战 n. 挑战;盘问

The non-intrusive delivery of the marketing messages in a way that is sensitive to the needs of the target customer is one of the critical challenges to the digital marketer.以一种理解目标客户需求的方式、非侵入式地传递营销信息是数字营销者面临的关键挑战之一。(2023年)

057

predict /prɪˈdɪkt /

v. 预测;预报;预言;预告

You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it's useful for employees to go to.你要预测某些事情现在是否需要关注,并指出员工要关注的对其有用的地方。(2021年)

058

burn /bɜːn /

v. 燃烧;烧伤;烧毁 n. 灼伤

burn out 烧坏 || burn down 烧毁 || burn off 烧尽

The idea that one might burn down an entire house just to reclaim the nails underlines how scarce,costly and valuable the simple-seeming technology was.一个人可能仅仅为了回收钉子而烧毁整栋房子,这凸显了这项看似简单的技术是多么稀缺、昂贵以及有价值。(2024年)

059

private /ˈpraɪvət /

adj. 私有的;个人的;私人的;私下的;民营的 n. 二等兵,列兵

in private 私下地

In New Zealand, a 2016 private members' Bill tried to permit firms and high-income employees to contract out of the unjustified dismissal regime.在新西兰,2016年的一项民营成员法案试图允许公司和高收入雇员签约退出不合理解雇制度。(2022年)

060

oriental /ˌɔːriˈentl /

adj. 东方的;东方人的

His dad has oriental blood in his veins.他的爸爸有东方人的血统。

061

convert

/kənˈvɜːt / v. (使)转变,转换,转化;可转变为 /ˈkɒnvɜːt / n. 改变宗教(或信仰、观点)的人;皈依者

A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question.最近一项有关各国及其将增长转化为福祉的能力的年度研究为这一问题提供了一些启示。(2017年)

062

deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r) /

v. 发表(讲话);传送;交付

deliver lessons 讲课

Not only can AI help to create the marketing content, but it can also provide a non-intrusive way of delivering the content to the target customers.人工智能不仅可以帮助创建营销内容,还能提供一种非侵入式的方式将内容传递给目标客户。(2023年)

delivery /dɪˈlɪvəri / n. 递送

063

respond /rɪˈspɒnd /

v. 回应,应对

Specific brain regions that respond during direct gaze are being explored by other researches,using advanced methods of brain scanning.其他研究人员正在利用先进的脑部扫描方法,对直接注视时产生反应的特定脑部区域进行探索。(2020年)

064

naval /ˈneɪvl /

adj. 海军的;军舰的

The rates of pulmonary disease and heart disease were similar between naval and army personnel.海军和陆军人员的肺病和心脏病发病率相似。

065

migrate /maɪˈɡreɪt /

v. 迁移;移居;移动

Large numbers of people migrated from California,mostly to other parts of the West.大量人口迁出了加利福尼亚州,其中大部分流向了西部的其他地区。

066

composition /ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn /

n. 成分,构成;作品,作曲;作文

Beethoven's importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions .贝多芬在音乐界的重要性主要体现在其作品的革新性上。(2014年)

067

initiate

/ɪˈnɪʃieɪt / v. 开始;启动,发起;初步了解;让……加入 /ɪˈnɪʃiət / n. 新加入者

The most famous of these efforts was initiated by Noam Chomsky,who suggested that humans are born with an innate language-acquisition capacity that dictates a universal grammar.这些尝试中最著名的是由诺姆·乔姆斯基发起的,他认为人类与生俱来就具有语言习得能力,这种能力决定了一种通用语法。(2012年)

068

extraordinary /ɪkˈstrɔːdnri /

adj. 非凡的;特别的

Shakespeare's lifetime was coincident with a period of extraordinary activity and achievement in the drama.莎士比亚生时正逢戏剧活动异常活跃、成就非凡的时期。(2018年)

extraordinarily /ɪkˈstrɔːdnrəli / adv. 极其地

069

diffuse /dɪˈfjuːs /

adj. 扩散的;漫射的;不清楚的;冗长的;难解的;啰唆的 v. 减弱,平息(不良情绪或局面);扩散,渗透,弥漫;使(观点或信息)传播,散布

And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,”whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.第三,通过更广泛的“光环效应”,使其善举赢得更多消费者和其他人的青睐。(2016年)

070

inner /ˈɪnə(r) /

adj. 内部的,里面的;内心的

Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice.心理健康通常被描述成良知、本能、明智、常识或内心的声音。(2016年)

interior /ɪnˈtɪəriə(r) / adj. 内部的;里面的 n. 内部;内陆;(国家的)内政,内务

outer /ˈaʊtə(r) / adj. 外部的,外面的

inner含义广泛,指事物的中心或接近中心的部位,也可指内心隐秘的活动;interior指某物的内部,尤指某物的内侧,也可指内地的或国内的。

071

invite /ɪnˈvaɪt /

v. 邀请 n. 邀请;请柬

invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事

You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues.你通过感受作者向你展示的具体证据和线索来推断作者想让你掌握的信息。(2015年)

invitation /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃn / n. 邀请

072

scholar /ˈskɒlə(r) /

n. 学者

Scholars have long debated whether there is ever such a thing as a truly selfless act.长期以来,学者们一直在争论是否存在真正无私的行为。

scholarship /ˈskɒləʃɪp / n. 学问;学术;奖学金

073

fetch /fetʃ /

v. 售得,卖得(某价);(去)拿来;(去)请来

These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch .这些准则规定,它们必须按照第三方愿意支付的价格对某些资产进行估值,而不是按照管理机构和监管机构期望售卖的价格。(2010年)

074

wage /weɪdʒ /

n. (通常指按周领的)工资,工钱

With more hires available, businesses haven't had to raise wages as much to fill jobs,thereby easing the pressure on those businesses to raise their prices.有了更多的招聘机会,企业不必提高过多工资来填补工作空缺,从而减轻了这些企业提高薪资的压力。

salary /ˈsæləri / n. 薪金,薪水 ‖ income /ˈɪnkʌm / n. 收入;收益 ‖ earnings /ˈɜːnɪŋz / n. 薪水;工资;收入

wage或wages通常指在工厂等工作的雇员按周领取的工钱;salary通常指办公室工作人员、教师、医生等专业人员按月领取的薪水;income一般看作是可靠的固定收入;earnings泛指工作所得的报酬,不包括非劳动所得。

075

mammal /ˈmæml /

n. 哺乳动物

A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds.食肉哺乳动物和食鱼鸟类也存在类似的情况。(2010年)

076

structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r) /

n. 结构;构造;建筑物;精心组织;周密安排;体系 v. 使形成体系;系统安排;精心组织

You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life.你现在不被需要了,你现在被排除在为你的生活提供目标和周密安排的工作环境之外。(2014年)

077

guess /ɡes /

v. 猜测;估计;猜到;想,以为 n. 猜测;猜想

have/make a guess (at sth.)(对某事)做猜测 ‖ take a guess 猜测

Whether this research translates elsewhere is anybody's guess .至于这项研究是否适用于其他地方,谁也说不准。(2021年)

078

chance /tʃɑːns /

n. (尤指希望发生的事的)可能性;机会;冒险;偶然

by any chance 或许,可能 ‖ by chance 偶然;碰巧;意外 ‖ take a chance 冒险;碰运气

Since plants don't have nervous systems, the chances that they have consciousness are effectively zero.由于植物没有神经系统,它们具有意识的可能性实际上为零。(2022年)

079

precious /ˈpreʃəs /

adj. 宝贵的;珍贵的;珍奇的

Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.”古希腊哲学家亚里士多德认为笑是“一种对健康来说很宝贵的身体锻炼”。(2011年)

valuable /ˈvæljuəbl / adj. 贵重的;宝贵的

080

compensate /ˈkɒmpenseɪt /

v. 补偿;弥补;给……赔偿(或赔款)

compensate for 弥补(过失);抵消

Many comics were first motivated to be funny to compensate for not being popular in life.许多喜剧演员最初都是为了弥补在生活中不受欢迎而开始搞笑的。

compensation /ˌkɒmpenˈseɪʃn / n. 补偿;赔偿 ‖ compensatory /ˌkɒmpenˈseɪtəri / adj. 补偿的;赔偿的;补偿性质的;赔偿性质的

081

query /ˈkwɪəri /

n. 疑问;询问;问号 v. 怀疑;表示疑虑;询问

They conducted a survey in which several hundred people were queried about their dietary habits.他们进行了一项调查,在调查中,对数百人的饮食习惯进行了询问。

082

tragic /ˈtrædʒɪk /

adj. 悲惨的;可悲的;悲剧的 n. 悲剧

Since then, he was known to both throw the hat to the floor in fits of anger and carry it valiantlly into battle, and the hat has become the embodiment of the tragic hero.从那以后,人们知道他会在愤怒时把帽子扔到地上,也会戴着帽子勇敢地上战场,这顶帽子就成了这位悲剧英雄的化身。

tragically /ˈtrædʒɪkli / adv. 悲惨地,不幸地

083

skip /skɪp /

v. 跳过;略过;不做;悄悄溜走

skip off/out 溜走;突然离去 ‖ skip over 匆匆翻阅;略过

Anyone who has toiled through the exam will testify that test-taking skill matters, whether it's knowing when to guess or what questions to skip .任何辛苦准备过考试的人都会证明,考试技巧很重要,无论是知道什么时候该猜测,还是知道什么问题该跳过。

084

decade /ˈdekeɪd /

n. 十年,十年期(尤指一个年代)

During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.在经济危机前的十年里,美国法律服务支出的增长速度是通货膨胀速度的两倍。(2014年)

085

prudent /ˈpruːdnt /

adj. 谨慎的;慎重的;精明的

Public-sector unions are prudent in taking actions.公共部门工会在采取行动时十分谨慎。

prudence /ˈpruːdns / n. 谨慎

imprudent /ɪmˈpruːdnt / adj. 不理智的;不深思熟虑的

086

variation /ˌveəriˈeɪʃn /

n. 变化;变体

Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined—France, Germany, Italy, and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks.尽管在细节上有所不同,仔细研究后发现,法国、德国、意大利和西班牙这些国家的批发市场在组建方式上是相同的。(2010年)

087

elaborate /ɪˈlæbərət /

adj. 复杂的;(有时过于)周密的;精心制作的

The Navy Department moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary.海军部于1879年搬进了东翼楼,在那里,部长办公室有着精心设计的墙壁、镂花式天花板和镶嵌式地板。(2018年)

elaboration /ɪˌlæbəˈreɪʃn / n. 详尽阐述,细化;精心完成的东西

088

restraint /rɪˈstreɪnt /

n. 克制;约束;限制;控制;制约因素;管制措施

The government has acted with restraint in dealing with this crisis.政府在处理这场危机时采取了克制的行动。

089

cheat /tʃiːt /

v. 欺骗;蒙骗;作弊

cheat sb.(out) of sth.(尤指用不诚实或不正当的手段)阻止某人得到某物

Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated .只有当每只动物都觉得自己没有被欺骗时,这种合作才可能稳定。(2005年)

deceive /dɪˈsiːv / v. 欺骗;蒙骗;误导 ‖ fool /fuːl / v. 欺骗;愚弄

cheat指为得到钱财或其他东西而欺骗;deceive尤指利用别人的信任欺骗;fool指蒙骗、愚弄。

090

spray /spreɪ /

v. 喷,喷出;(使)溅出;扫射 n. 水雾;喷剂

In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects;those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their counterparts who inhaled something else.在瑞士的一项研究中,研究人员向一半受试者的鼻子中喷洒了催产素;与吸入其他物质的受试者相比,这些受试者更愿意把相当高数额的钱借给陌生人。(2018年)

091

drastic /ˈdræstɪk /

adj. 极端的;剧烈的

The most drastic , and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012,which now claims to offer access to every paywalled article published since 2015.最极端且完全非法的变化是Sci-Hub的出现,它就像是一台全球科学论文复印机,成立于2012年,现在声称可以访问自2015年以来发表的所有付费文章。(2020年)

drastically /ˈdræstɪkli / adv. 剧烈地;大幅度地

092

stare /steə(r) /

v. 盯着看;凝视;注视 n. 盯;凝视;注视

stare at 盯着看;凝视;注视

People barely looked at each other or smiled, and appeared to take pains to stare straight ahead after entering the church.人们几乎不看对方,也不笑,似乎在进入教堂后都会竭力目视前方。

gaze /ɡeɪz / v. 凝视;注视;盯着 ‖ peer /pɪə(r) / v. 仔细看;端详

stare尤指不友善或吃惊地盯着、凝视、注视;gaze指凝视、注视;peer尤指看不清楚时仔细看、端详。

093

mandate /ˈmændeɪt /

n. 授权;授权令;任期 v. 授权;强制执行;委托办理

But are such government mandates even necessary?但这样的政府授权其实有必要吗?(2020年)

mandated /ˈmændeɪtɪd / adj. 获得授权的 ‖ mandatory /ˈmændətəri / adj. 强制的;法定的;义务的

094

admission /ədˈmɪʃn /

n. (机构、组织等的)准许加入,加入权,进入权;承认,招认;入场费;门票费

He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews conducted by 31 admissions officers.他研究了31名招生官进行的9 323次MBA面试结果。(2013年)

095

manner /ˈmænə(r) /

n. 方式;方法;举止;态度;[ pl.]礼貌;规矩;习俗

in a...manner 以……的方式

On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.另一方面,它(法律)将这些概念与日常现实联系起来,其方式与记者每天在报道和评论新闻时建立的联系相似。(2007年)

096

file /faɪl /

n. 文件;文件夹;档案 v. 把……归档;提起(诉讼);提出(申请)

Later, more established companies raced to add such patents to their files ,if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.后来,更多的老牌公司争先恐后地在自己的档案中加入这类专利,哪怕只是作为一种防御措施,以抵御可能击败它们的对手。(2011年)

097

upset

/ˌʌpˈset / adj. 难过的;沮丧的;不舒服的 /ʌpˈset / v. 使烦恼;使生气;打乱;使不适 /ˈʌpset / n. 烦恼;失望;混乱;麻烦

be/get upset about 为……感到难过

“Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,”he said, “but if you discontinue it, you're going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”他说:“找出加速转型的方法对他们而言是可行的,但如果你终止(印刷),将真的会令那些最忠实的客户对你感到失望。”(2016年)

upsetting /ʌpˈsetɪŋ / adj. 令人烦恼的;使人不高兴的

distress /dɪˈstres / v. 使苦恼;使忧虑;使悲伤 n. 忧虑;悲伤;困苦

098

thesis /ˈθiːsɪs /

n. 论文;毕业论文;学位论文;命题;论题

So, at the end of a decade of thesis -writing,many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.因此,在写了十年论文之后,许多人文学科的学生放弃了本专业,转而从事他们未接受过专业训练的工作。(2011年)

099

phrase /freɪz /

v. 用言语表达 n. 短语,词组;习语;警句

Having not received a response, Young wrote a second letter the following day that was more harshly phrased .由于没有收到回复,杨第二天又写了第二封信,措辞更加严厉。

100

explicit /ɪkˈsplɪsɪt /

adj. 清楚明白的;易于理解的;直截了当的

The law is very explicit about how these measures should be enacted.法律对如何实施这些措施有非常明确的规定。

explicitly /ɪkˈsplɪsɪtli / adv. 明确地;直截了当地 ‖ explicitness /ɪkˈsplɪsɪtnəs / n. 直言不讳;明确性

Review Day 01

□□ academic

□□ accept

□□ admission

□□ alternative

□□ appeal

□□ assign

□□ awake

□□ balance

□□ believe

□□ beneft

□□ bonus

□□ boot

□□ burn

□□ cautious

□□ challenge

□□ chance

□□ cheat

□□ clip

□□ combine

□□ compensate

□□ composition

□□ compound

□□ confer

□□ congress

□□ convert

□□ decade

□□ defer

□□ degree

□□ deliver

□□ develop

□□ device

□□ diffuse

□□ domain

□□ drastic

□□ elaborate

□□ encourage

□□ engage

□□ explicit

□□ extraordinary

□□ failure

□□ fetch

□□ file

□□ forth

□□ fuss

□□ graduate

□□ guess

□□ guide

□□ increase

□□ indicate

□□ inferior

□□ initiate

□□ inner

□□ institution

□□ instruct

□□ invite

□□ mammal

□□ mandate

□□ manner

□□ master

□□ migrate

□□ naval

□□ obsession

□□ operate

□□ oriental

□□ participant

□□ particular

□□ peculiar

□□ penalty

□□ phrase

□□ plaster

□□ precious

□□ predict

□□ premise

□□ private

□□ prudent

□□ query

□□ realistic

□□ relevant

□□ respond

□□ restraint

□□ sake

□□ scholar

□□ scrutiny

□□ skip

□□ spray

□□ stare

□□ status

□□ strength

□□ stress

□□ structure

□□ subscribe

□□ supreme

□□ tempt

□□ thesis

□□ tragic

□□ transplant

□□ upset

□□ variation

□□ wage

□□ wander esN+PVUXMdXy/+g/wunkTC8CoYjViyFRtNlcoI/SLLRPUq12liU3c4jf98R3V4eH

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