Abstract

Firstly，the relationship between scientific and technological progress and industrial development is studied from the theoretical level，focusing on the mechanism of the development of emerging industries to promote technological innovation from the perspective of demand side.Secondly，the evolution of technology foresight from qualitative to quantitative methods is summarized，and the methods of technology foresight are summarized from the demand side.Based on the theoretical research and practice summary of various countries，the technical route of analyzing the future demands for engineering technologies of key industrials is put forward，and the corresponding research is carried out.Specifically，based on the forecast of future economic development，including the development forecast of key industries such as medicine，energy and information；based on the vision analysis of science and technology，ecological environment，society，population，living consumption，energy，information and other fields；based on the target requirements of key industries and their scientific and technological development in major national strategies，combined with the key problems faced by the industry development，etc.，this study extracted the demand directions of the development of engineering science and technology in the key industries and the demands of specific technical fields.

This study took the two industries of health care and energy as examples，and designed the investigation schemes and questionnaires on the future development of the two industries for the demands of engineering science and technology.By using the combination methods of expert interview，scenario analysis and two rounds of Delphi survey，this research investigated the viewpoints of the technical experts，strategic experts and entrepreneurs of the two industries，and analyzed the technical directions of future engineering technology development and the possible industrialization prospects from the perspective of the demand side.According to research，by 2040，intelligent medical treatment，precision medical treatment and telemedicine will be the key development directions in the field of medical and health in the future.The methods of statistical analysis were used to further put forward specific technical demands from the following aspects：disease early warning and risk assessment technology based onbig data of histology，key technology of chronic disease prevention and control engineering and treatment，personalized health management technology based on big data of biomedicine，precise diagnosis and efficacy evaluation technology based on molecular detection and image，community-oriented health big data and intelligent health management system.In the field of energy，improving energy conservation and energy efficiency technologies，promoting clean and efficient development and utilization of fossil energy，improving energy security，reducing environmental constraints，and improving energy management will be the important demand directions in the future.By using the statistical analysis method，this study further put forward specific technical demands from the following aspects：technologies for clean and efficient development and utilization of coal and other fossil energy sources，new energy vehicle technologies，deep-sea oil and gas，unconventional oil and gas exploration and development technologies，smart grid，energy storage technologies，energy integrated systems/integrated energy services，etc.

Key Words： Vision for Economic and Social Development；Future Development of Industry；National Major Strategies；Engineering Science and Technology Needs；Technology Foresight