DAY 05

drop back to 回到；降低到

例 It is difficult for me to drop back to business after a 7-day foreign holiday.我去国外度了7天的假后，很难回归到工作状态中。

go against 对……不利；违背（意愿等）

例 The jury's verdict went against her.陪审团的裁定对她不利。

make the best of 充分利用；尽力而为

例 He made the best of the opportunity and finally succeeded.他充分利用了这次机会，最终取得了成功。

be bound to do sth. 一定做某事；有法律责任或义务做某事

真 Someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform.一定会有人指出这充其量也就是保持邮政业务运转的基本条件，而不是全面改革。 ［2018年英语（一）阅读］

拓 have an obligation to do sth.有义务做某事

keep away (from) 避免接近，远离

真 McCreevy objects to the IASB's attempt to keep away from political influences.迈克里维反对国际会计委员会（IASB）远离政治影响的意图。 ［2010年英语（一）阅读］

along with 与……同样；与……一起

真 Along with Singapore, other governments and mega-corporations are beginning to establish their own guidelines.和新加坡一样，其他国家的政府和大型企业也开始制定它们自己的指导方针。 ［2019年英语（一）阅读］

拓 get along with 与……和睦相处

at large 整个，全部；普遍地；一般地；自由的

例 The chances of getting reforms accepted by the community at large remain remote.让社会普遍都接受改革的希望仍然渺茫。

in detail 详细地，详尽地

真 It was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.各大报纸的评论员们对所报道的事件进行详尽的评述是理所当然的事情。 ［2010年英语（一）阅读］

lose faith in 对……失去信心；不再信任

真 It has more or less lost faith in markets.它已经或多或少地对市场失去了信心。 ［2011年英语（二）阅读］

拓 lose confidence in 失去对……的信心

under fire 受到攻击或批判；在战火下

真 Ms.Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman's compensation committee.西蒙斯女士因就职于高盛的薪酬委员会而受到猛烈抨击。 ［2011年英语（二）阅读］

work out 找到（解决方法）；进展顺利；锻炼

真 Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities.然而，新系统并没有实现为大学提供更便宜的服务。 ［2020年英语（一）阅读］

adapt to 适应

真 The original purpose of grade forgiveness is to help freshmen adapt to college learning.“分数宽恕”的初衷是为了帮助大学新生适应大学的学习。 ［2019年英语（一）阅读］

look at 看；检查；研究；看待

真 look at someone else in a pleasant way 以一种令人愉快的方式看着别人 ［2020年英语（一）阅读］

be representative of 代表；可作为典型

真 The Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level.最高法院要求陪审团要代表社会的各个阶层。 ［2010年英语（二）阅读］

on that count 就这个问题，在这方面

真 The firm has compared some of its other products favorably with Google's on that count before.在这方面，该公司曾经将其一些其他产品与谷歌的产品进行过比较。 ［2013年英语（一）阅读］

function as 起……作用，具有……功能

真 The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine that could function as a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier.20世纪下半叶出现了一批天才、勇士、企业家和畅想家，他们合力创造了一台不可思议的神奇机器，它集打字机和印刷机、摄影室和剧院、画笔和美术馆、钢琴和收音机、邮件以及邮递员等诸多功能于一身。 ［2012年英语（一）阅读］

(be) eligible for sth. 有资格获得某事物

真 It was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty.直到20世纪40年代，大多数州才让女性有资格加入陪审团。 ［2010年英语（二）阅读］

拓 be eligible to do sth.有资格做某事

be qualified to 有资格……

例 The renowned author is eminently qualified to explore the topic.那位著名的作家非常有资格探讨这一主题。

free from 解放；使摆脱；免于

真 Likewise, automation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers from hard, boring work.同理，自动化最终也会推动生产力的发展，通过降低物价来刺激需求，将工人们从繁重、枯燥的工作中解放出来。 ［2018年英语（一）阅读］

sign on 办理失业登记

真 Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on.（失业）最初的那几天应该用来找工作，而不是指望被登记在册。 ［2014年英语（一）阅读］

at times 有时，偶尔

例 Several tests may fail at times, which proves designers need to put more effort.几个测试有时候可能会失败，这证明设计师需要付出更多的努力。

拓 once in a while 偶尔，有时

come out 说出；出现；发表；公开表明

真 You wanted to say something—the first word—but it just won't come out.你想要说点什么——第一个字——但是就是说不出口。 ［2018年英语（二）阅读］

be parallel with/to 与……类似；与……相同；与……平行

真 On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.另一方面，这一学科将这些概念同日常生活结合起来，这种做法与新闻记者日常报道和评论新闻时的做法是相似的。 ［2007年英语（一）翻译］

try to do sth. 努力做某事

真 Try to slot it in as a to-do list item and you'll manage only goal-focused reading.试着把它放到待办事项列表里，这样你就可以只处理目标明确的阅读了。 ［2016年英语（二）阅读］

kick out 用脚踢；撵走；开除

例 In 1985, he was effectively kicked out of Apple for being unproductive and uncontrollable.事实上，1985年，他因为效率低下和不好控制而被从苹果公司赶了出去。

talk about 谈论，讨论

真 talk about passion 谈论热情 ［2015年英语（二）阅读］

be reluctant to do sth. 不愿意做某事

真 Despite these factors, many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems.尽管存在这些因素，但许多社会科学家却似乎不情愿解决这些问题。 ［2013年英语（一）阅读］

拓 be unwilling to do sth.不愿意做某事

emigrate to 移民到……

真 The architect emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools.那位建筑师在二战前移民到美国，并在美国的一些建筑大学从事工作。 ［2011年英语（二）阅读］

sort out 解决；整理；将……拣出

真 The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.那时法官们不得不为轿车作为新的私人领域细化新的准则；现在他们则必须解决如何让第四条修正案适用于数字信息这一问题。 ［2015年英语（一）阅读］

knock off 迅速完成；效仿，模仿

真 It took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can't be knocked off.博蒙特花了几十年时间来完善自己的技艺；她的例子是无法效仿的。 ［2013年英语（一）阅读］

worry about 担心，担忧

真 Perhaps this is why many worry about the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.也许，这就是为什么有这么多人担心会陷入一个令人极度痛苦、沉闷的没有工作的未来。 ［2017年英语（二）完形填空］

up to 达到；由……决定；是……的职责

真 The European Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women—up to 60 percent.欧盟正考虑立法，强制公司董事会吸收一定比例的女性，这个比例可高达60%。 ［2013年英语（二）阅读］

拓 be down to 由……负责

by default 默认情况下；由于对手缺席（而胜出）

真 There is no guarantee that DNT by default will become the norm.没有人能保证默认设置“禁止追踪”（DNT）会成为一种规范。 ［2013年英语（一）阅读］

for use 供使用

真 Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.口香糖曾经主要由青春期男孩购买，现在在商业广告中作为饭后的口气清新剂和牙齿清洁剂大肆宣传。 ［2010年英语（二）阅读］

bring forth 产生；发表

例 Their efforts they made during the two years will surely bring forth good fruit.他们在那两年中付出的努力必将产生好的结果。

attribute to 把……归因于

真 Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples.有些人（人类学家）把每一项重要的文化成就都归功于少数几个民族，尤其是有天赋的民族的发明创造。 ［2009年英语（一）阅读］

see/perceive...as 把……看作；认为

真 More artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring.许多艺术家开始把快乐看作无意义的、虚伪的，甚至是令人厌烦的东西。 ［2006年英语（一）阅读］

compete with 与……竞争

真 However, during that course I realised that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me.然而，在学习那门课程期间我发现，在时尚设计领域，我并没有优秀到将来可以和其他那些极具创意的精英人物竞争，所以我断定那条路不适合我。 ［2017年英语（二）翻译］

jump at 欣然或急切地接受（建议等）

例 Surely any smart entrepreneur would jump at a chance to make profits on those deals.显然，任何一个聪明的企业家都不会错过从这些买卖中赚钱的机会。

拓 accept [əkˈsept] v. 接受 ‖ embrace [ɪmˈbreɪs] v. 欣然接受或采取（意见等）

pay attention to 关注；留意

真 pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs 要特别注意引言和结束部分 ［2008年英语（一）阅读］

拓 value [ˈvæljuː] v. 重视

listen to 听；听从

真 He doesn't listen to me.他不听我说话。 ［2010年英语（二）阅读］

be licensed to 得到授权或许可去……

真 Drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.驾驶员必须拿到驾照才可以在公共道路上开车。 ［2011年英语（二）完形填空］

be obliged to 被迫；感谢

真 Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioral ads.广告商被迫提供行为广告。 ［2013年英语（一）阅读］

guard against 提防，防止，防范

例 To guard against accidents, the government is trying to take strict measures.为防范意外的发生，政府正努力采取严格的措施。

to come 即将来临

真 Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.一些艺术品交易商正等待好机会的来临。 ［2010年英语（二）阅读］

turn out 结果是，证明是；制造，生产；关掉（灯），出现

真 “We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too,” says Wiles.“我们人类似乎对机器人很着迷，结果表明，其他动物也一样。”怀尔斯说道。 ［2020年英语（二）阅读］

let alone 更不用说，更别提

真 While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized.虽然极少数工匠或农民（更不用说随从或仆人）留下了一些文学作品以待分析，但是很明显，他们的见解不够理智。 ［2009年英语（一）阅读］

half of 一半的；半程的；二分之一

真 Half of them found a toy; the other half discovered the container was empty—and realized the tester had fooled them.他们当中一半的人会发现一个玩具；另一半的人会发现容器是空的，并意识到测试员愚弄了他们。 ［2018年英语（一）完形填空］

拓 half off 打五折

come to mind 出现在脑海中

真 One Italian example would be the Berlusconi group, while abroad Maxwell and Murdoch come to mind.意大利的贝卢斯科尼集团就是一个例子，此外我们能想到的外国集团还有麦斯威尔和默多克。 ［2005年英语（一）翻译］

拓 spring to one's mind 出现在某人的脑海中

promise to 承诺，保证；可能；答应

例 By it's very nature many of these responsibilities are things we have promised to do for other people—whether that's someone at work, a friend or family member.就本质而言，这些责任中很多是我们对其他人承诺要去做的事——不管是与工作相关的人、朋友还是家人。

拓 keep one's promise 信守承诺

out of style 过时

真 These are disciplines that are going out of style.这些学科正日趋没落。 ［2011年英语（一）阅读］

renege on 违背（诺言、契约等）

真 It announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the state's strict nuclear regulations.它宣布不再履行其长期信守的遵守该州严格的核能法规的承诺。 ［2012年英语（一）阅读］

for my part 就我来说

真 For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one.对于我而言，我不知道吉尔伯特是否是一位伟大的指挥家，甚至连他是否是一位好指挥我都不知道。 ［2011年英语（一）阅读］

for the best （所有因素考虑在内）能产生的最好结果

真 Realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.现实的乐观主义者在现有的情况下尽力而为，而不会指望每件事都会有最好的结果。 ［2014年英语（二）翻译］

拓 at one's/its best 处于最佳状态 ‖ all the best（尤用于告别时）一切顺利

evolve into 逐渐发展成，逐渐演变成

真 It was only after “toddler” became a common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.直到“幼童”这个词常常为顾客所用，它才逐渐演变为人们广泛接受的一个成长阶段。 ［2012年英语（二）阅读］

suck in 吸引；把……卷入（某事）

真 Tech is designed to really suck you in and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.技术设计的初衷就是真正地吸引住你，而数码产品的存在实现了人们最大程度的参与度。 ［2017年英语（二）阅读］

exclusive to 专为……所有；局限于

真 But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm.但是，应对突然刺激的快速决定并不只限于人际交往领域。 ［2013年英语（二）阅读］

take up 开始从事；占用（时间、精力等）；接受（建议等）

真 A lot of students take up law as their profession due to the attraction of financial rewards.许多学生从事法律职业是被该行业的薪资报酬所吸引。 ［2014年英语（一）阅读］

look back 回顾，回忆

真 The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past.这种观点认为，人们尚未发觉海洋中已经发生的巨大变化，因为他们只回顾了过去相对较短的一段时期内的情况。 ［2006年英语（一）阅读］

lack of 缺乏，不足

真 Stereotypes associated with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success.与肥胖有关的成见包括懒惰、意志薄弱和成功的可能性较低。 ［2014年英语（二）完形填空］

approve of 赞成，同意

例 My mother doesn't approve of my going abroad for further education.我母亲不同意我出国进修。

拓 disapprove of 不赞成，不同意

weigh in 提出重要的或令人信服的意见；自信地提出看法

真 Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government's role in promoting public health.关于政府在促进公共卫生方面的角色，当今一流的医生在讨论中发表了重要的意见。 ［2011年英语（二）阅读］

call out 大声喊出；召集

真 As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.当拍卖商喊出报价时，纽约华尔街历史最悠久的银行之一雷曼兄弟申请破产。 ［2010年英语（二）阅读］

no exception 不例外

例 People love to get their hands on the latest and greatest technology, and scientists had long believed that early humans were no exception.人们总喜欢设法得到最新的和最伟大的技术，长期以来，科学家们都相信早期的人类也不例外。

拓 make an exception (of sb./sth.)将某人/某事物作为例外

set out 阐述，提出；启程，出发

真 Some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities.一些人被建议阐述月度目标和学习活动计划。 ［2018年英语（二）阅读］

speed up 加速，加快

例 help you speed up your success 有助于加速你的成功

it in 适应；适合；相处融洽；发挥作用

真 There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks.有两个多余的选项，不适合填入任何空格中。 ［2015年英语（一）阅读］

in a dilemma 进退两难，左右为难

词 dilemma [dɪˈlemə] n. （进退两难的）窘境，困境

真 The Supreme Court decision on Thursday will put most online business in a dilemma.最高法院周四的裁定将使大多数在线业务处于进退两难的境地。 ［2019年英语（一）阅读］

in charge 负责，主管

真 And if Peretti were in charge at the Times (The New York Times), “I wouldn't pick a year to end print,” he said.如果佩雷蒂掌管《纽约时报》，他说：“我不会选择要在哪一年结束印刷版。” ［2016年英语（一）阅读］

day by day 一天天；逐日

真 Others were told to plan activities and goals in much time detail day by day.其余的人被告知要尽可能详细地制订每一天的活动和目标计划。 ［2018年英语（二）阅读］

in the name of 以……的名义；代表

真 Write them an email in the name of the Students' Union.以学生会的名义给他们写一封电子邮件。 ［2012年英语（一）写作］

拓 under/by the name of 以……的名义

infuse sb./sth.with sth. 使某人/某物具有（某特性）；将（某特性）灌输给或注入某人/某物

词 infuse [ɪnˈfjuːz] v. 灌输；注入

真 These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and, as Rakesh Khurana, another professor, points out, increase allegiance to the firm.这些词语也试图给工作赋予意义，正如另一位教授拉凯什·库兰纳指出的，这可以增强人们对公司的忠诚度。 ［2015年英语（二）阅读］

拓 infuse sth.into sb./sth.使某人/某物具有（某特性）；将（某特性）灌输给或注入某人/某物

be susceptible to 易患……的；对……敏感的；容易受……影响的

真 “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr.Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York's Veteran's Administration Hospital.据纽约退伍军人管理局医院精神科的主治医师耶胡达称，“与男性相比，女性在应对压力时更容易患上抑郁症和焦虑症。” ［2008年英语（一）阅读］

be/become sympathetic to 对……表示同情；赞同

词 sympathetic [ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk] a. 同情的；表示同情的；赞同的

真 The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadn't magically become more sympathetic to the other child's deprivation.那些更容易产生负罪感的孩子分享得更多，尽管不可思议的是他们并没有对另一个孩子没有这些东西感到更加同情。 ［2019年英语（二）翻译］

give priority to 优先考虑

词 priority [praɪˈɒrəti] n. 优先；优先权；优先考虑的事

真 Generation Zs give top priority to professional training.“Z 一代”把专业培训放在首位。 ［2020年英语（一）阅读］

拓 prioritize [praɪˈɒrətaɪz] v. 按优先顺序列出；优先处理，优先考虑

detect...from... 从……中发现……

真 To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Laleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.为了查明这一情况是否适用于非生物，加州大学圣地亚哥分校的拉蕾·奎恩及其同事测试了老鼠是否能够觉察到机器鼠发出的社交信号。 ［2020年英语（二）阅读］

do damage to... 对……造成破坏

真 This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also affect your child's self-esteem.这不仅可能会破坏你和孩子之间的关系，而且还可能会影响孩子的自尊。 ［2020年英语（二）完形填空］

get together 聚集；组织；开会；聚会

真 to get together 15 people 把15个人聚在一起 ［2020年英语（二）阅读］

revolve around 围绕……转动；以……为中心

真 Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense.哥白尼在1543年提出了一个理论：我们所知道的所有行星都不是围绕着地球转的，而是围绕着太阳转的，后来伽利略以牺牲自己的方式维护了这一理论体系。 ［2020年英语（一）翻译］

catch one's attention 吸引某人的注意

真 It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room.在拥挤的房间里，它能引起别人的注意。 ［2020年英语（一）阅读］

gaze into 凝视

真 We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back.我们知道，一个典型的婴儿会本能地注视妈妈的眼睛，然后妈妈也会回看。 ［2020年英语（一）阅读］

lose one's job 失业

真 many of their parents lost their jobs 他们的父母中有很多人失去了工作 ［2020年英语（二）阅读］

all too often 时常，经常

真 But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.但是，这些政策经常是一种虚伪的道德信号，只惠及最有特权的人，而对普通人帮助甚微。 ［2020年英语（一）阅读］

be hailed as... 被誉为……

真 Madrid was hailed as a public health guiding light last November when it rolled out ambitious restrictions on the most polluting cars.去年11月，马德里出台了针对污染最严重的汽车的雄心勃勃的限制措施，被誉为公共健康的指明灯。 ［2020年英语（二）阅读］

push sb.too far 特别让某人生气；过分逼迫某人

真 You're only human, and sometimes your kids can push you just a little too far.你只是个凡人，有时候，你的孩子可能会让你有点忍无可忍。 ［2020年英语（二）完形填空］

from time to time 有时，不时；偶尔

例 How much the overall sales would increase depends on the ratio between the rabid adherents of this artist and the people who simply like some jazz from time to time.整体销售额的增长量取决于这位艺术家的狂热追随者与只是偶尔喜欢听爵士的人们的比例。

拓 once in a while 偶尔地；间或 ‖ between times 有时候

put pen to paper 落笔，下笔，开始写

真 While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page.在20世纪60年代以前，仅受过一点教育的人在落笔时都会追求一种更高雅的格调；而在那之后，即使是最受关注的文章也都力求使用英语口语。 ［2005年英语（一）阅读］

under...conditions 在……条件下

真 Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.对动物和人的研究都已表明，性激素会以某种方式影响对压力的反应，使雌性在承受压力时比处于同等条件下的雄性分泌更多引发不安反应的化学物质。 ［2008年英语（一）阅读］

拓 in the condition of 在……情况下；在……条件下

get into 进入，卷入，陷入

真 At least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.至少他们已经证实，当公司遇到法律麻烦的时候，能证明其优良品德的证据可以使其少受惩罚。 ［2016年英语（一）阅读］

拓 be involved in 被卷入……中；涉及…… hc1QMaFsxRbRQBFiB3D2q4WNaVgU0ZimDBQP6sS+6cE/K7sZMrgVazDTEu7TZUGz