Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It 1 in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then 2 starts to slowly decline as we age. But 3 aging is inevitable, scientists are finding out that certain changes in brain function may not be.

One study found that muscle loss and the 4 of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the 5 that lifestyle factors might help prevent or 6 this type of decline.

The researchers looked at data that 7 measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and 8 that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that middle-aged people 9 higher measures of abdominal fat 1 0 worse on measures of fluid intelligence as the years 11 .

For women, the association may be 1 2 to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be 13 . It is hoped that future studies could 14 these differences and perhaps lead to different 15 for men and women.

16 , there are steps you can 17 to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental 18 . The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your 19 of aerobic exercise and following a Mediterranean-style 20 that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.

1. [A] pauses

[B] returns

[C] fades

[D] peaks

2. [A] generally

[B] formally

[C] accidentally

[D] alternatively

3. [A] since

[B] while

[C] once

[D] until

4. [A] detection

[B] consumption

[C] accumulation

[D] separation

5. [A] decision

[B] possibility

[C] goal

[D] requirement

6. [A] ensure

[B] delay

[C] seek

[D] utilize

7. [A] modified

[B] supported

[C] predicted

[D] included

8. [A] devoted

[B] converted

[C] compared

[D] applied

9. [A] above

[B] with

[C] by

[D] against

10. [A] lived

[B] managed

[C] played

[D] scored

11. [A] went by

[B] set off

[C] drew in

[D] ran out

12. [A] superior

[B] parallel

[C] attributable

[D] resistant

13. [A] restored

[B] isolated

[C] controlled

[D] involved

14. [A] explain

[B] spread

[C] remove

[D] alter

15. [A] treatments

[B] symptoms

[C] demands

[D] compensations

16. [A] Likewise

[B] Therefore

[C] Meanwhile

[D] Instead

17. [A] take

[B] watch

[C] count

[D] change

18. [A] process

[B] wellbeing

[C] formation

[D] coordination

19. [A] love

[B] level

[C] knowledge

[D] space

20. [A] design

[B] diet

[C] prescription

[D] routine SNaIKlB6X3sSLGm5L/cruACPohyxAC8Y0rK6avWfpRqfXR1frWb/5FV4a7xqgSck