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Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It 1 in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then 2 starts to slowly decline as we age. But 3 aging is inevitable, scientists are finding out that certain changes in brain function may not be.
One study found that muscle loss and the 4 of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the 5 that lifestyle factors might help prevent or 6 this type of decline.
The researchers looked at data that 7 measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and 8 that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that middle-aged people 9 higher measures of abdominal fat 1 0 worse on measures of fluid intelligence as the years 11 .
For women, the association may be 1 2 to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be 13 . It is hoped that future studies could 14 these differences and perhaps lead to different 15 for men and women.
16 , there are steps you can 17 to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental 18 . The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your 19 of aerobic exercise and following a Mediterranean-style 20 that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.
1. [A] pauses
[B] returns
[C] fades
[D] peaks
2. [A] generally
[B] formally
[C] accidentally
[D] alternatively
3. [A] since
[B] while
[C] once
[D] until
4. [A] detection
[B] consumption
[C] accumulation
[D] separation
5. [A] decision
[B] possibility
[C] goal
[D] requirement
6. [A] ensure
[B] delay
[C] seek
[D] utilize
7. [A] modified
[B] supported
[C] predicted
[D] included
8. [A] devoted
[B] converted
[C] compared
[D] applied
9. [A] above
[B] with
[C] by
[D] against
10. [A] lived
[B] managed
[C] played
[D] scored
11. [A] went by
[B] set off
[C] drew in
[D] ran out
12. [A] superior
[B] parallel
[C] attributable
[D] resistant
13. [A] restored
[B] isolated
[C] controlled
[D] involved
14. [A] explain
[B] spread
[C] remove
[D] alter
15. [A] treatments
[B] symptoms
[C] demands
[D] compensations
16. [A] Likewise
[B] Therefore
[C] Meanwhile
[D] Instead
17. [A] take
[B] watch
[C] count
[D] change
18. [A] process
[B] wellbeing
[C] formation
[D] coordination
19. [A] love
[B] level
[C] knowledge
[D] space
20. [A] design
[B] diet
[C] prescription
[D] routine