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2.3.1 副词的位置

2.3.1.1 时间副词

表示动作发生的时间。例如: now、then、today、yesterday、early、late、soon、before、after、ago、recently、lately等。通常情况下,时间副词以及起副词作用的短语放在句子末尾。有时,时间副词也可以放在句首。例如:

We shall go to see you next week.(=Next week we shall go to see you.)

我们下周去看你。

Where are you going on vacation this summer?

今年夏天你打算去哪儿度假?

They will graduate from this university next year.(=Next year they will graduate from this university.)

他们明年将从这所大学毕业。

2.3.1.2 地点副词

地点副词又分为几种,一是表示动作发生的位置或者方位。例如: a-broad、ahead、downtown、upstairs、downstairs、nearby、away、anywhere等;二是表示地区范围。例如: locally、nationwide、internationally、widely、globally、universally等;三是表示方向,例如: inside、outside、forward、backwards、left、right、up、down、east、west、south、north等。通常情况下,地点副词及起副词作用的短语放在句子末尾。例如:

You can go shopping downtown.

你可以去市中心购物。

Nowadays some people choose to go abroad for their further study.

现在有些人选择出国深造。

We'd better stay inside because of the strong wind outside.

因为外面风大,我们最好待在室内。

2.3.1.3 方式副词

用来修饰动词,表示动作进行的方式的副词。例如: fast、quickly、slow、carefully、carelessly、suddenly、easily、difficultly、quietly、peacefully、properly等。通常情况下,方式副词及起副词作用的短语放在句子末尾。例如:

You are driving too fast!

你开得太快了!

They will come here by train.

他们乘坐火车来这儿。

Nothing can be done easily, so you should do it hard and carefully whatever you do.

没有什么事情那么容易做,因此,不论你做什么,都应该努力而且认真。

This old teacher goes to the classroom by bicycle every day.

这位老教师每天骑自行车去教室上课。

2.3.1.4 频度副词

* (1)表示频繁程度,用来修饰动词,例如: always、often、usually、sometimes、ever、seldom、rarely、never、frequently、generally等。频度副词通常位于实义(行为)动词的前面,但若句子里有情态动词、助动词或者系动词be,则跟在这些动词的后面。例如:

She always helps those in difficulty.

她总是帮助有困难的人。

They are never late for class.

他们上课从来不迟到。

I will ever remember the days when we stayed together.

我将永远记得我们在一起的日子。

We should never forget our duty as teachers.

我们永远不应该忘记作为教师的职责。

You can never be too careful.(=You cannot be too careful.)

你越小心越好(=你再小心也不过分)。

(2)放在句首或者情态动词、助动词及系动词be的前面,或者放在句末,起强调作用。例如:

Generally females tend to live longer than males.

总的来讲,女性比男性寿命长。

We never should forget their great help when we are in trouble.

我们永远不应该忘记我们困难时他们给予我们的极大帮助。

I see my students often in the library.

我经常在图书馆见到我的学生。

She usually does not go to bed until ten o'clock.

她通常到十点才睡觉。

We don't see him often.

我们不经常见他。

2.3.1.5 程度副词

表示“到……程度”或者对所修饰的词加以强调,用来修饰动词、形容词或者另一副词,例如: absolutely、almost、purely、quite、rather、fairly、perfectly、drastically、too、totally等。程度副词通常位于被修饰的动词、形容词或者副词前面。例如:

I can't totally catch what you are saying.

我无法完全明白你在说什么。

You are quite right.

你说得很对。

As a foreigner, she can speak Chinese rather well.

作为一个外国人,她汉语说得相当好。

2.3.1.6 疑问副词

引导特殊疑问句,有how、when、where和why。疑问副词通常位于句子或者从句的开头。例如:

How do you like this red car?

你觉得这辆红色汽车怎么样?

When did you begin to study English?

你什么时候开始学习英语的?

Where are you from?

你来自哪里?

Why is she always late for class?

她为什么总是上课迟到?

Why are you so excited?

你为什么如此兴奋?

I do not know why you ask such a question.

我不知道你为什么问这样的问题。

2.3.1.7 连接副词

引导主语、宾语或者表语从句,或者与不定式连用,有how、when、where和why,通常位于句子或者从句的开头。例如:

I do not know when she is coming.

我不知道她什么时候来。

Could you please tell me how I can get to the post-office?

请你告诉我怎么去邮局,好吗?

That's why I chose to work in this city ten years ago.

那就是我为什么十年前选择在这座城市工作的原因。

I don't know when to go there.

我不知道什么时候去那儿。

When our school starts has not been decided.

我们学校什么时候开学还没有定下来。

Can you tell me where you come from?

你能告诉我你来自哪里?

I really do not know how he went shopping yesterday.

我确实不知道他昨天怎么去买东西的。

2.3.1.8 关系副词

引导定语从句,有when、where和why,通常位于从句的开头。例如:

This is the reason why she likes Beijing.

这就是她为什么喜欢北京的原因。

October 1 st ,1949 is the day when the People's Republic of China was founded.

1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

I will never forget the place where I was brought up.

我永远不会忘记我长大的地方。

2.3.1.9 句子副词

表示说话人的看法、态度,用来修饰整个句子。例如: frankly、honestly、seriously、angrily、personally、luckily、fortunately、obviously、proudly、generally、maybe等;表示该句与上下文的逻辑关系,用来承接上文。例如: besides、moreover、nevertheless、furthermore、however、likewise、therefore、hence、thus、firstly、then、secondly、thirdly、lastly等。句子副词位置比较灵活,可位于句首、句末,也可插在句中。例如:

Luckily, all of my students of this grade passed CET4.

很幸运,我这个年级所有的学生都通过了四级考试。

He works very hard;besides, he is very smart.

他工作努力,此外,还很聪明。

We should take this seriously.

我们应该认真对待这个问题。

The rent is reasonable and moreover, the location is perfect.

租金合理,而且位置很好。 gmXYeAHUzJoVGmHbwFYXvYlTyvS9uug2pO+67J1uhkfI4dXFZshTqCqKvyoUMx0X

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