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2.2.2 形容词的位置

2.2.2.1 放在所修饰词的前面

(1)有的形容词作定语时通常放在所修饰词的前面。多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时,应按照顺序排列:限定词→性质→大小、形状→年龄、新旧→色彩→国籍、出处、地区→物质材料→用途、类型→名词。例如:

a large round new red wooden house (一所新的圆圆的大大的红色木房子);a handsome tall young Chinese actor (一个英俊高大的中国男演员)等。

(2)作句子状语(或者称为独立成分)的形容词,大多放在句首。例如:

Unable to finish her homework on time, she felt very anxious.

不能按时完成作业,她感到非常忧虑。

Positive and enthusiastic, she always inspires everyone in our class.

她积极热情,总是鼓舞着我们班里的每一个人。

2.2.2.2 有的形容词常放在所修饰词的后面

(1)形容词词组作定语或者宾语补足语时,需要后置。例如:

He is the person always ready to help others.(=He is the person who/that is always ready to help others.)

他是个乐于助人的人。

I do not think the problem easy to deal with.(=I do not think that the problem is easy to deal with.)

我认为这个问题不易解决。

(2)形容词比较级或者最高级后面有修饰语时,可后置全部修饰语,也可前后分开,前置形容词,后置它的修饰语。例如:

According to her teachers, the girl is the pupil easiest to teach in her class.(=According to her teachers, the girl is the easiest pupil to teach in her class.)

据她的老师讲,这个女孩是班上最容易教的学生。

He has bought a car much more expensive than mine.(=He has bought a much more expensive car than mine.)

他买了一辆比我的贵得多的汽车。

* (3)修饰不定代词somebody、anybody、nobody、someone、anyone、something、anything、nothing等时,需要后置。例如:

There is something funny in her story.(否定: There is not anything funny in her story.)

她的故事里有些有趣的东西。(否定:她的故事里没有有趣的东西)

I found nobody afraid among us in such a cold night.(=I did not find anybody afraid among us in such a cold night.)

在这寒冷的夜晚,我发现我们中间没有人害怕。

(4)形容词作表语时,放在系动词后面;作补语时,放在宾语后面;作同位语时,放在名词后面。例如:

You look so fine today.

你今天看起来气色很好。

You must keep calm whatever happens.

无论发生什么事情,你必须保持平静。

Her words made everyone excited.

她的话使每个人都很兴奋。

He acts as our group leader, able and responsible.

作为我们的组长,他有能力、有责任心。

2.2.2.3 形容词的前置和后置

(1)有的形容词可以前置,也可以后置,意思相同。例如:

We should try everything possible to help them.(=We should try to help them in every possible way.)

我们应该尽一切可能帮助他们。

This is the only bus available we can take now.(=This is the only available bus we can take now.)

这是我们现在唯一能够乘坐的公共汽车。

(2)有的形容词可以前置,也可以后置,但意思不同。例如:

At the present time, all the students have returned to their homes.

目前,所有的学生都已回家。

All the people present agreed to this proposal at yesterday's meeting.

在昨天的会议上,所有出席的人都同意这个建议。

He is the only one involved in this case.

他是唯一一个与此案有牵连的人。

We should deal with the involved situation.

我们应该处理好这种复杂的局面。

(3)作状语时,可放在句子前面、后面或者放在主语之后。例如:

Greatly inspired, they worked hard day and night to finish their task.

他们受到极大鼓舞,夜以继日地努力工作、完成任务。

He stood there suddenly dumbfounded.

他突然目瞪口呆地站在那儿。

Under the wise leadership of the Communist Party, Chinese people, never afraid of those invaders, managed to drive them out of the country and found the People's Republic of China during the Anti-Japanese War.

抗日战争时期,在中国共产党的英明领导下,中国人民从不畏惧侵略者,把他们赶出了这个国家,建立了中华人民共和国。 EyrIIvHHdLJCz3k1Y6hpkWhtBf8kIGDdaUoxAF9qgEfCBfMsFNeUgGa3RAfRsMDy

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