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In principle, the college experiment course in physics contains three procedures.
1) Previewing before the experiment course
All students must carry out experiment previews seriously. While classes are limited in time,each experiment has too many tasks ( understanding the principle, mastering methodologies and tools, measuring data, etc. ) to deal with. Therefore, students are not allowed to do experiments without adequate previews. Here are some requirements for previews:
(1) First, students are asked to read the textbook. All students must understand the basic principles as well as methods used in experiments after carefully reading through the textbook. They should pay much attention to the key points and try to solve the questions from the textbook, and read the instructions on how to handle the instruments.
(2) Second, they need to write the preview report. The preview report contains the name and purpose of the experiment, the principle, the content and steps of it, and the data recording table.The teacher will check the preview report before each experimental class; therefore, students who did not complete the preview report will not be allowed to conduct an experiment.
2) Conducting experiments
The experiment is the core part of the whole teaching process. Before the experimental operation, students must listen carefully to the teacher’s explanation of the key points and the difficulties they may encounter. Then students must put themselves into the means to use various instruments.They also need to understand the relevant specifications. They ought to put the experimental conditions ( date, temperature, humidity, air pressure, etc. ) down, then arrange and connect the equipment correctly based on the contents and methods of the experiment. For electromagnetism experiments, students can connect the power of the experiment instruments only after affirming the correct connection of the circuit. Then, students can complete the experiment based on the content and steps. During the experiment, students should carefully observe the experimental phenomena then put the experimental data down truthfully; moreover, it is never allowed to alter or plagiarize the given data. The teacher needs to be informed immediately in case of any difficulty or failure. At the end of the experiment, the experimental data should be submitted to the teacher to get reviews and signatures. The instruments should be put in order after these procedures. Students are only allowed to leave the laboratory only with the teacher’s permission.
3) Writing an experimental report
The experimental report is a comprehensive summary and analysis of the experimental results in writing. It is not only an effective way to train students’ ability of scientific expression, but also part of the assessment criteria for the experiments. The contents of the experiment report should include:
① The name of the experiment, date and time, department and major of the student, class,name, partner’s name, name of the supervisor, etc.
② Purpose of the experiment.
③ Experimental instruments.
④ Experimental principle including the concise formula.
⑤ Experimental procedures. Students must summarily put the main process of the experiment down.
⑥Experimental data processing should contain experimental data, charts, calculations and analyses.
⑦Analysis of the experiment should contain experimental methods, analysis of results, conclusions and suggestions.
All experimental reports are written on standard experimental report paper. Reports should in clude clear handwriting, fluent and concise expression, organized structure and normative chart.