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平行对称在新SAT考试中主要指的是：为了保持英文句子的美感，but, and等并列连词或者词组两边的结构与功能需要对等、一致。
【定义】平行结构的省略是指在and，but，or 这三个平行关系词所在句子中，并列词或者结构两边成分内容相同，右边可省略和左边相同的内容成分， 介词除外 。所以，从表面上来看，他们所在的句子似乎不要求严格的平行对称。
例 1 . ①I love to eat vegetables and to play basketball.
②I love to eat vegetables and play basketball.
【解析】在这个例子中，我们发现，在平行词and的两边都出现了to do这个结构，那么我们就将左右两边相同的to在右边的结构中省略了。
例 2 . ①He is a handsome boy and she is a pretty girl.
②He is a handsome boy and she a pretty girl.
【解析】虽然这个句子表达的内容很简单，但是无可否认的是，当很多同学看到第二个例句时，会认为它是一个错误的句子，为什么呢？因为觉得这句话读得不是特别顺。但是，这的确是一个正确的句子，这个句子告诉我们，在平行结构中可以省略的不只有to，省略的可以是任何 除了介词以外 的并列成分。
好，我们再来看一些复杂的例句，大家可以尝试分析一下。
例 3 . The valuable stringed instruments in this display, all more than 300 years old, were carefully crafted by artisans famous in their day but long since forgotten.
你知道吗，这个句子讲的是我们古代的弦乐器，很多同学想到弦乐器，第一个想起的就是guitar，其实，我们中国古代的弦乐器的发展历史更为源远流长，主要分为：拨弦乐器（琵琶）、拉弦乐器（二胡）和击弦乐器（扬琴）。
【解析】句子的前半部分非常的长，一直到句子最后，我们看到了一个并列连词but，看到but以后，我们会想到平行结构的省略，那么这个句子省略了什么呢？这个句子其实省略了主语和谓语部分，即从The valuable...were。我们尝试把它补充完整：
The valuable stringed instruments in this display, all more than 300 years old, were carefully crafted by artisans famous in their day but the valuable stringed instruments in this display, all more than 300 years old, were long since forgotten.
例 4 . The New York Botanical Garden is one of the oldest botanical gardens in the world and , with 250 acres of grounds, one of the largest.
【解析】很多同学看到这个句子就直接崩溃了，因为这个句子结构，无论怎么看，都不太像结构正确的句子。我们浏览这句话的时候会发现里面有一个 解题点 ：and，顺着这个解题点看一下句子两边，我们会发现右边的句子中把左边的SVO以及状语全部省掉了，只留下了one of the largest这个修饰成分。我们把这个句子补充完整：
The New York Botanical Garden is one of the oldest botanical gardens in the world and , with 250 acres of grounds, the New York Botanical Garden is one of the largest botanical gardens in the world .
接下来我们来看两道例题。
例 5 . The great Gatsby is now considered a classic novel set in America's Jazz Age, but in 1925 its reviews would be mixed and its sales would have been disappointing .（二维码编号：2301）
A. NO CHANGE
B. its reviews are mixed and its sales would be disappointing
C. its reviews were mixed and its sales disappointing
D. it had mixed reviews and its disappointed sales
【考点意识】看到画线部分有and，我们想到平行对称结构。
【解析】A选项左右两边时态不对应，B选项的问题和A是一样的，D选项左右两边的词性不对等，左边是动词结构，右边是名词结构。C选项为平行结构的省略，右边省略的是were，把C选项补充完整：its reviews were mixed and its sales were disappointing.
例 6 . Nutritionists consider Greek yogurt to be a healthy food: it is an excellent source of calcium and protein, serves as a digestive aid, and it contains few calories in its unsweetened lowand non-fat forms.（二维码编号：2301）
A. NO CHANGE
B. containing
C. contains
D. will contain
【考点意识】在画线部分前面看到and之后，我们想到了平行对称。
【解析】同时，又看到了it，那么要去看这个代词的具体指代对象，在这个句子中，it的指代对象应该是Greek yogurt。那么and后面句子的主语和前句的主语是一致的，因此it是可以省略的。答案选择C。
【定义】在平行对称的考点中，有一个考点很多同学都会忽视，那就是动作平行对称的前提，在具体的题目中，动作的平行对称指的是动词原形/不定式/动名词的平行对称。
这三种内容成分在句中平行的特点是： 平行对称的两个或者两个以上的动作的发出者必须是同一个主语 。
例 7 . A Swedish engineering firm has proposed installing pumps, perhaps solar powered, to lower the underground water level and dig trenches around the bases of the stone walls.（二维码编号：2302）
A. NO CHANGE
B. to lower the underground water level and to dig trenches
C. to lower the underground water level and digging trenches
D. that lower the underground water level and that trenches be dug
【考点意识】and 平行对称，且左右两边都是不定式，需要考虑两个动作是否是同一个主语发出的。
【解析】这道题，很多同学看了画线部分以后，果断选了A或者B答案，觉得这两个答案极其符合平行对称的结构，但是这道题的正确答案却是C，为什么呢？首先，我们应该通过纵向比较把较为啰唆的选项D去掉，看到A、B选项中并列连词and左右两边都是不定式的时候，我们应该想到动作平行对称的前提是是否由同一个主语发出。to lower the underground water level这个动作应该是由水泵发出，所以，如果选了A或者B答案，也就是默认了dig trenches这个动作也是由水泵发出的，水泵能挖沟，这显然这不符合逻辑。那么dig trenches这个动作是谁做的呢？应该是由主语Swedish engineering firm做的。这个firm做了两件事，一件是proposed installing pumps，还有一件是dig trenches。 我们把这个句子结构提取出来补充完整大家就会看得很清楚 ：
A Swedish engineering firm has proposed installing pumps and has proposed digging trenches .
根据平行对称的省略原则就变成了 ：
A Swedish engineering firm has proposed installing pumps and digging trenches .
因此这道题选择C。
有些同学在课堂上问我 ：Terry，你怎么能一眼就能看出dig trenches是和install pumps 平行对称呢？
其实，关键是大家在做语法题的时候心中要有考点意识，看到动词原形/不定式/动名词的时候，就要想到去注意看上下文逻辑，并结合分析这两个平行对称的动作的发出者是不是同一个人，如果不是的话，那么这两个动作就不能平行对称。
我们来试试下一道题：
例 8 . The lawyer for the defense charged that she suspected the police of having illegally taped her confidential conversations with her client and then used the information they had obtained to find evidence supporting their murder charges.（二维码编号：2303）
A. NO CHANGE
B. used such information they had obtained to find evidence supporting
C. used the information they had obtained to find evidence that would support
D. of using the information they had obtained to find evidence that would support
【解析】有了上面一道题的经验，我们看到and后面的used之后，要仔细想想，这个used究竟是和哪个动词平行对称，平行对称时，是否符合逻辑。如果是和charged（指控）对称，那么意味着律师做了两件事：即指控和使用证据支持谋杀罪名。很明显，这样不符合逻辑。因为使用证据这件事是警察做的。如果和suspected平行对称，同样的，是不符合逻辑的。那么我们接下来纵看选项，发现D选项用的是of using结构，那么我们再看前句，发现police做的动作也是用of having这样的结构来描述的。而且这两个动作平行对称时，逻辑也是正确的，即警察做了两个动作，一是录下了她与客户的私人谈话，二是用这个证据指控谋杀罪名。 我们把这个句子结构提取出来 ：
She suspected the police of having illegally taped her confidential conversations with her client and then of using the information they had obtained to find evidence supporting their murder charges.
注意：这道题平行结构中的of是不能省略的，这个我们在前面已经提及过。
在这道题的内容中，同学们也可以看出大陆法系和英美法系的不同，著名的米兰达规则（Miranda Warnings）就是这种差异的体现。
【定义】虽然我们前面讲了，平行结构的省略中，只要并列连词左右两边结构内容对等一致，连词右边的句子或者结构中几乎可以省略与连词左边所有相同的内容成分。但是有一个例外，那就是介词。不仅是在and，but等典型的平行结构中，而且是在类似于as...as...，the same...as...，还有比较级这样的结构中，也要补出介词。
例 9 . The 2005 movie Beowulf & Grendel was filmed in Iceland, but one might suppose it to be Denmark, where the poem Beowulf was originally set.
A. NO CHANGE
B. Iceland, not, as one might suppose, in
C. Iceland, however, one might suppose it was D. Iceland; not, as might be supposed
【考点意识】看到but 我们想到平行对称的结构。
【解析】乍一看，发现but后面是一个句子，前面也是一个句子，结构似乎是正确的，但是仔细一看后会发现在Iceland前有一个介词in。我们说过，在平行对称的结构中介词是不能省略的，所以我们果断选择B答案。其实，在平行对称结构中，介词的保留是一个非常值得大家注意的解题点。
例 10 . In recent years, more tourists from US visited museums in Great Britain than in Canada.
【解析】这个句子中，比较的对象是museums，我们将句子补充完整如下：
In recent years, more tourists from US visited museums in Great Britain than museums in Canada.
但是，这个句子还可以这样理解：要比较的是tourists，我们可以把句子写成：
More tourists from US visited museums in Great Britain than those from Canada.
例 11 . Commuters in the 1990s, encountered more traffic delays than those did in the 1970s and 1980s.
【解析】这个句子中，我们比较的对象是不同年代的上班族，1990s前面有一个介词in，那么平行对称词than后面我们在保证比较对象一致的前提下，要注意还原介词。有关比较级的具体考法，我们会在第四节中详细论述。
【定义】在平行对称的句子中，既含有词或者词组的平行对称，又含有句子之间的平行对称的情况。
例 12 . My mother loves sports, music, and movies and I love vegetables and fruit.
注意：在这个句子中既含有名词的对称vegetables and fruit（小并列），又含有句子之间的并列（大并列）。 要注意多个对象平行对称时的结构及标点符号： A ， B ， and C 。
例 13 . Large, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines but the economy's vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood services and factories .
【解析】ups and downs是小并列的体现，but这个并列连词的出现，体现出but左边的句子和右边的句子的平行对称。最后的也是两个名词之间的小并列。
【翻译】大型跨国企业的兴衰或许足够可以博取眼球，但是经济的活力取决于小商店与餐馆，社区服务性事业和工厂的盈利。
1. Walt Disney's first success was his third Mickey Mouse film, in which Disney produced a cartoon with sound, and Mickey was made to talk .
A. NO CHANGE
B. sound and making Mickey talk
C. sound, with the result being Mickey talking
D. sound and made Mickey talk
2. A healthy economy can be measured not only by the growth of businesses but it has a psychological effect on people.
A. NO CHANGE
B. as well in the
C. also by the
D. also the
3. The primatologist has argued that sustained observation of a few animals provides better behavioral data than does intermittent observation of many animals .
A. NO CHANGE
B. provides better behavioral data than many animals are observed intermittently
C. providing better behavioral data than does intermittent observation of many animals
D. to provide better behavioral data than intermittent observation of many animals do
4. The five autobiographical volumes by Maya Angelou begin with her childhood in Arkansas and culminate in her adult years in Egypt and Ghana.
A. NO CHANGE
B. that begin with her childhood in Arkansas and culminate
C. have begun with her childhood in Arkansas and culminating
D. beginning with her childhood in Arkansas and culminating
5. In a recent year, more tourists from the United States visited museums in Great Britain than Canada .
A. NO CHANGE
B. Canada did
C. Compared to Canada's
D. in Canada
6. The campus newspaper does not print as much world news as does my hometown .
A. NO CHANGE
B. as does my hometown newspaper
C. compared to what my hometown does
D. like my hometown newspaper does
7. Archaeologists say that the Pueblo village of Acoma, which is 7500 feet above sea level and 400 feet above the valley floor, is the oldest continuously inhabited spot in the United States.
A. NO CHANGE
B. located 7500 feet high above sea level while having measured 400 feet above
C. with a height 7500 feet above sea level as well as 400 feet above that of
D. 7500 feet higher than sea level, and it ascends 400 feet above
8. Richard Wright moved many times in his life, moving from the South first he went to the North, then eventually to France from the United States .
A. NO CHANGE
B. the first move he made was from the South to the North and eventually from the United States to France
C. first from the South to the North and eventually from the United States to France
D. moving first from the South, he came to the North and eventually to France
9. Though heavily dependent on the government for business and information while universities supply the space research center with talent, as a corporation it remains independent of both.
A. NO CHANGE
B. information and on talent by universities, the space research center, a corporation
C. information and on universities for talent, the space research center is a corporation
D. information, universities supply the space research center with talent, but it is a corporation
10. Journalists should present a balanced view of the news but with their goal to stir discussion and unsettle complacent thinkers.
A. NO CHANGE
B. should also stir
C. aiming at the same time to stir
D. also trying to stir
11. Toni Morrison was honored by Harvard University not only as a great novelist but also she wrote eloquently of the history of African American culture.
A. NO CHANGE
B. having written an eloquent history
C. writing eloquently about the history
D. as an eloquent historian
12. Some people believe that one day we will establish not only bases on the Moon, but also a landing on Neptune will occur .
A. NO CHANGE
B. not only bases on the Moon will be established, but also a landing on Neptune will be made
C. we will not only establish bases on the Moon but also land on Neptune
D. we will not only establish bases on the Moon, but we will land on Neptune in addition
13. The heat was already overwhelming and lasted a week, which duration made it seem sheer torture.
A. NO CHANGE
B. overwhelming, and because of lasting a week, it made it seem
C. overwhelming and lasted the duration of a week to make it to seem
D. overwhelming, and its lasting a week made it seem
14. Most people know about calories and nutrition, but they do not use this knowledge to lose weight permanently and keep it off .
A. NO CHANGE
B. permanent and have it stay off
C. and have it be off permanently
D. and make it permanent
15. The tomato ripped through the central part of town, toppling small buildings, uprooting trees, and power lines were snapped .
A. NO CHANGE
B. power lines snapping
C. snapping power lines
D. snapped power lines
16. The duties of a firefighter are often as dangerous as a police officer .
A. NO CHANGE
B. as those of a police officer.
C. like a police officer.
D. such as a police officer.
17. Anyone who has high motivation or is reasonably intelligent can learn to play a competent game of chess.
A. NO CHANGE
B. has either high motivation or else intelligence in reasonable amounts
C. is highly motivated or who has reasonable intelligence instead
D. is highly motivated or reasonably intelligent
1. D。解析：本题考查定语从句中的谓语动词的平行。该定语从句还原之后为：Disney produced a cartoon with sound and made Mickey talk in his third Mickey Mouse film.两个动词produced, made 共用一个主语。
2. C。解析：平行结构的宗旨就是：处于相同语法地位的结构使用相同的语法形式表达出来，使得句式工整，语气强化。在此句中，not only...but also...为固定搭配，其中also 可以省略，但两个结构后面所接成分应该一致。not only 后面接的是by...，所以but also 后面也应接by...，故选C。
3. A。解析：本题考查平行和比较。在比较结构as...as...; more...than...中，第二个as和than的后面所接的原本应是完整的句子，当与比较前者有共同部分时，可以省略，且可以使用部分倒装。本题在宾语从句中使用比较，比较前者为：sustained observation of a few animals provides behavioral data，比较后者为：intermittent observation of many animals provides behavioral data. 前后两者的谓语动词和宾语一致，可以省略后者的谓宾，且时态为一般现在时，部分倒装时将助动词does放在主语之前。故选A。
4. A。解析：首先，根据句子结构，每个句子都必须有一套完整的主谓结构。本句主语为volumes，缺谓语动词，故排除B、D选项。C选项中and后面所接的culminating在前面找不到ing结构能与之平行，故排除。
5. D。解析：本题考查比较＋平行。此句中，比较前者为tourists from the United States visited museums in Great Britain；比较后者为tourists from the United States visited museum in Canada. 两个句子主谓宾均一致，可以省略，地点状语不同，不能省略。故选D。
6. B。解析：Not as much...as...为固定比较结构。比较前者为the campus newspaper does print world news；比较后者为my hometown newspaper does print world news. 比较前后的谓语动词和宾语一致，可以省略；主语不同，不能省略；且为一般现在时，可以使用助动词does倒装。
7. A。解析：本题考查定语从句中的平行结构。本句宾语从句的主语部分后面接了一个定语从句，将其补充完整为：the Pueblo village of Acoma is 7500 feet above sea level and 400 feet above the valley floor. 所以为定语从句中表语的平行。且两个表语7500和400之间并无其他的逻辑关系、主次顺序，只是纯粹地陈述事实而已。
8. C。解析：根据句子结构的基本要求，每个句子在没有连词、关系词或特定标点符号的情况下，有且只有一个主谓结构。A选项中，he went to the North为完整的主谓结构，故排除；B选项中，the first move he made was from...为完整的主谓结构，故排除；D选项中，he came to the North...为完整的主谓结构，故排除。
9. C。解析：本题考查了非谓语动词中的平行结构。翻译：尽管太空研究中心依靠政府提供生意和信息，依靠大学提供人才，但它仍然可以独立于两者。非谓语动词作让步状语，并且连接了两个平行的介宾短语。
10. B。解析：根据连词but可以判断其后所跟的成分一定能在前面找到相似的语法结构，而C、D选项所接的动词ing在前面找不到，没有并列的成分，故排除。B选项满足了整个句子的谓语动词平行，跟present 共用一个主语 journalists。
11. D。解析：本题考查平行结构。在平行结构中，前后所接的成分应该一致，not only后面所接为as＋名词词组，所以but also后面也要一样，故选D。
12. C。解析：A选项，not only后面所接为名词词组，而but also 后面接了完整的句子，不平行，排除；B选项表达不简洁；C选项，前后都接了动词原形，可共用一个主语，符合要求；D选项，not only 后面所接为动宾结构，而but also 后面所接为完整句子，不平行。
13. D。解析：A选项，定语从句中主谓宾结构全部完整，which 不能作任何成分，故排除；B选项中的两个代词，指代的是不同的事物。C选项中，duration的表述明显赘余，因为这个duration就是a week，所以这个表达是重复的；D选项，两个完整的句子并列，用and连接。
14. D。解析：根据句意，人们不知道如何运用卡路里和营养的知识来减肥，并永久地远离脂肪。D选项lose weight和keep it off 均作目的状语。
15. C。解析：本题考查介宾短语的并列，中心词为power lines。
16. B。解析：本题考查比较中的平行，比较的对象必须一致。首先，as...as...为固定比较结构，比较前者为the duties of a firefighter，比较后者应为the duties of a police officer。duties 相同，可以用代词替代，变成those of a police officer。
17. D。解析：本题考查定语从句中表语的平行。其中表语为副词＋形容词结构。