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【考法1】 N-COUNT If you have a role in a situation or in society, you have a particular position and function in it. 作用；地位；职位；角色
【举例1】 the drug's role in preventing more serious effects of infection
这种药物在防止感染加重方面的作用
【考法2】 N-COUNT A role is one of the characters that an actor or singer can play in a film, play, or opera. （电影、戏剧或歌剧中的）角色
【举例2】 She has just landed the lead role in The Young Vic's latest production.
她刚刚获得在小维克剧院上演的最新作品中出演女主角的机会。
【考法1】 ADJ If one thing or person is independent of another, they are separate and not connected, so the first one is not affected or influenced by the second. 相互独立的；彼此不关联的
【举例1】 Your questions should be independent of each other.
你的问题应该彼此无关。
【考法2】 ADJ-GRADED If someone is independent, they do not need help or money from anyone else. 自立的；不需外援的
【举例2】 Phil was now much more independent of his parents.
菲尔现在不那么依赖父母了。
【考法3】 ADJ-GRADED Independent countries and states are not ruled by other countries but have their own government. （国家）独立的
【举例3】 a fully independent state
一个完全独立的国家
【考法】 VERB If you achieve a particular aim or effect, you succeed in doing it or causing it to happen, usually after a lot of effort. （经努力）完成，达到，获得
【举例】 There are many who will work hard to achieve these goals.
有志之士将会共同为实现这些目标而努力。
【考法】 ADV Something that is ahead is in front of you. If you look ahead, you look directly in front of you. 在前面；朝前面
【举例】 Brett looked straight ahead .
布雷特直视前方。
【考法】 N-VAR Uncertainty is a state of doubt about the future or about what is the right thing to do. 不确定；犹疑
【举例】 a period of political uncertainty
政治动荡的一段时期
【考法】 N-COUNT The dollar is the unit of money used in the USA, Canada, Australia, and some other countries. It is represented by the symbol $. A dollar is divided into one hundred smaller units called cents. 元（美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国的货币单位）
【举例】 She gets paid seven dollars an hour.
她的报酬是每小时7元。
【考法】 ADJ-GRADED Someone who is optimistic is hopeful about the future or the success of something in particular. 乐观的
【举例】 The President says she is optimistic that an agreement can be worked out soon.
总统说她对很快达成协议持乐观态度。
【考法】 ADJ-GRADED If you say that someone is selfish, you mean that he or she cares only about himself or herself, and not about other people. 自私的；自利的
【举例】 I think I've been very selfish . I've been mainly concerned with myself.
我觉得我一直非常自私。总是只关心自己。
【考法】 N-COUNT An aspect of something is one of the parts of its character or nature. 方面；形态；特性
【举例】 Climate and weather affect every aspect of our lives.
气候和天气影响着我们生活的方方面面。
【考法】 ADJ-GRADED If you say that a child is naughty, you mean that they behave badly or do not do what they are told. 顽皮的；淘气的；不听话的
【举例】 Girls, you're being very naughty .
姑娘们，你们真是淘气。
【考法1】 V-ERG When you close something such as a door or lid or when it closes, it moves so that a hole, gap, or opening is covered. （使）关闭；（使）合上
【举例1】 If you are cold, close the window.
要是冷就把窗户关上。
【考法2】 ADJ-GRADED If one thing or person is close to another, there is only a very small distance between them. 近的；接近的
【举例2】 Her lips were close to his head and her breath tickled his ear.
她的嘴唇贴近他的头，她的呼吸让他耳朵发痒。
【考法3】 ADJ-GRADED You say that people are close to each other when they like each other very much and know each other very well. 亲近的；亲密的
【举例3】 She and Linda became very close .
她和琳达变得非常亲密。
【考法】 V-RECIP-ERG If something or someone connects one thing to another, or if one thing connects to another, the two things are joined together. （使）连接
【举例】 You can connect the machine to your hi-fi.
你可以把机器连在高保真音响上。