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【考法1】 N-UNCOUNT Investment is the activity of investing money. 投资
【举例1】 He said the government must introduce tax incentives to encourage investment .
他说政府必须推出税收激励政策来鼓励投资。
【考法2】 N-UNCOUNT Investment of time or effort is the spending of time or effort on something in order to make it a success. （时间、精力的）投入
【举例2】 I worry about this big investment of time and effort.
我担心投入这么多时间与精力却不起作用。
【考法1】 VERB If you require something or if something is required, you need it or it is necessary. 需要；有赖于
【举例1】 If you require further information, you should consult the registrar.
如果需要进一步了解信息，请咨询教务主任。
【考法2】 VERB If a law or rule requires you to do something, you have to do it. 要求；命令；规定
【举例2】 The rules also require employers to provide safety training.
这些规定还要求雇主提供安全培训。
【考法】 N-VAR Analysis is the scientific process of examining something in order to find out what it consists of. 分析；分解
【举例】 They collect blood samples for analysis at a national laboratory.
他们采集血样供一个国家实验室进行分析。
【考法】 N-COUNT A version of something is a particular form of it in which some details are different from earlier or later forms. 变化形式；变体；版本
【举例】 an updated version of his book
他的书的最新版本
【考法】 N-COUNT An airport is a place where aircraft land and take off, which has buildings and facilities for passengers. 机场
【举例】 Heathrow Airport , the busiest international airport in the world
希思罗机场，世界上最繁忙的国际机场
【考法】 ADJ Cultural means relating to a particular society and its ideas, customs, and art. 文化的；与文化有关的
【举例】 a deep sense of personal honor which was part of his cultural heritage
他所继承的文化传统中强烈的个人荣誉感
【考法】 N-VAR If you have the nationality of a particular country, you were born there or have the legal right to be a citizen. 国籍
【举例】 Asked his nationality , he said British.
被问及国籍时，他说是英国。
【考法】 N-UNCOUNT Selection is the act of selecting one or more people or things from a group. 选拔；挑选；选择
【举例】 Darwin's principles of natural selection
达尔文的自然选择理论
【考法1】 N-COUNT; N-IN-NAMES An institute is an organization set up to do a particular type of work, especially research or teaching. You can also use institute to refer to the building the organization occupies. 机构；协会；研究院；学院
【举例1】 the National Cancer Institute
国家癌症研究所
【考法2】 VERB If you institute a system, rule, or course of action, you start it. 建立（体系等）；制定（规章等）；开始；开创
【举例2】 We will institute a number of measures to better safeguard the public.
我们将实施一系列措施来更好地保护公众安全。
【考法】 N-COUNT A pony is a type of small horse. 矮种马；小型马
【考法1】 ADV-GRADED If something happens shortly after or before something else, it happens not long after or before it. If something is going to happen shortly, it is going to happen soon. 不多时；不久；立刻
【举例1】 Their trial will shortly begin.
他们的审判很快就要开始了。
【考法2】 ADV-GRADED If you speak to someone shortly, you speak to them in a cross or impatient way. 没好气地；不耐烦地；粗鲁地；气冲冲地
【举例2】 ‘I don't know you,’he said shortly ,‘and I'm in a hurry.’
“我不认识你，”他不耐烦地说，“而且我在赶时间。”
【考法1】 N-COUNT A chapter is one of the parts that a book is divided into. Each chapter has a number, and sometimes a title. （书的）章，回，篇
【举例1】 Chromium supplements were used successfully in the treatment of diabetes (see Chapter 4).
铬补充剂被成功运用于治疗糖尿病（见第4章）。
【考法2】 N-COUNT A chapter in someone's life or in history is a period of time during which a major event or series of related events takes place. （人生或历史上的）阶段，时期，篇章
【举例2】 This had been a particularly difficult chapter in Lebanon's recent history.
这在黎巴嫩的近代史上是个特别困难的时期。