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List 2

1 range

[reɪndʒ]

n. 范围(the scope);界限(the limits);射程(the distance over which a weapon can hit things);一系列(a series)

They began hunting a wider range of animals.

他们开始猎杀更多的动物。

2 format

['fɔːrmæt]

n. 版式(an arrangement);设计(a design)

Nevertheless, disclaimers are mainly presented in audio format only.

但是,免责声明主要以音频格式呈现。

3 grain

[ɡreɪn]

n. 谷物(cereal);颗粒(a seed)

They had to do with things like grain, goats, and real estate.

他们必须处理粮食、山羊和房地产之类的问题。

4 pacific

[pə'sɪfɪk]

n. (the P-)太平洋(the Pacific Ocean) adj. 温和的(not aggressive);和平的(peaceful)

Both are located near the Indian and western Pacific Oceans.

两者都位于印度洋和西太平洋附近。

5 distribute

[dɪ'strɪbjuːt]

v. 分配(to hand out);散发(to give out);分布(to spread)

The wind not only helps the flowers distribute their seeds but enables birds to find more food.

风不仅帮助花儿传播种子,而且还让鸟儿找到更多的食物。

6 civil

['sɪvl]

adj. 公民的(civic);礼貌的(polite)

But the effect of Roman civil architecture was significant.

但是罗马民用建筑的影响是巨大的。

7 relation

[rɪ'leɪʃn]

n. 关系(kinship);亲戚(a relative)

The world’s architectural structures have also been devised in relation to the objective limitations of materials.

世界上的建筑结构在设计时也考虑到了材料的客观局限性。

8 current

['kɜːrənt]

n. 趋势(a trend);(水、气、电)流(a flow) adj. 当前的(present);流通的(commonly accepted)

Their current height is not an indication of their age.

他们目前的身高并不代表他们的年龄。

9 construct

[kən'strʌkt]

v. 建造(to build);构筑(to create)

It required local labor to construct forts and feed and exercise the soldiers’ animals.

建造堡垒,喂养和训练士兵的牲畜都需要当地劳动力。

10 film

[fɪlm]

n. 电影(a movie);薄膜(a layer);胶卷(the thin plastic used for taking photographs)

Each film was short.

每一部电影都很短。

11 mighty

['maɪtɪ]

adj. 有力量的(powerful)

There was a flash and a mighty bang.

一道闪光伴随着一声轰然巨响。

12 cultivate

['kʌltɪveɪt]

v. 栽培(to develop);耕作(to farm);培养(to improve)

Whole villages began to cultivate fruit and vegetables.

整个村庄开始种植水果和蔬菜。

13 dioxide

[daɪ'ɑːksaɪd]

n. 二氧化物(an oxide containing two oxygen atoms per molecule)

It had lower levels of carbon dioxide.

它的二氧化碳含量更低。

14 object

n. ['ɑːbdʒekt] v. [əb'dʒekt]

n. 物体(a thing);目标(a target);对象(a subject) v. 反对(to disagree);异议(to protest against)

An object’s purpose is primarily aesthetic.

一个物体的目的主要是(培养)审美。

15 remove

[rɪ'muːv]

v. 消除(to delete);脱掉(to take off)

They remove waste matter that would otherwise contaminate the soil.

他们清除了会污染土壤的废物。

16 transport

n. ['trænspɔːrt]

v. [træn'spɔːrt]

n. 运输(transportation) v. 运输(to move something around)

It was relatively easy to transport.

相对来说,它比较容易运输。

17 advantage

[əd'væntɪdʒ]

n. 优势(superiority);有利条件(the benefit)

Each took advantage of these opportunities in its own way.

每一个国家都以自己的方式利用这些机会。

18 reflect

[rɪ'flekt]

v. 反映(to show);反射(to throw back);反省(to consider)

They reflect the advertiser’s viewpoint about the product.

他们反映了广告商对这个产品的看法。

19 drag

[dræɡ]

v. 拖(to lag);拉(to pull)

Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong.

将你选择的答案拖至它们应在的位置。

20 intense

[ɪn'tens]

adj. 强大的(extreme);紧张的(concentrated);强烈的(passionate);深刻的(profound)

They would become less intense.

他们会变得不那么紧张。

21 main

[meɪn]

adj. 主要的(chief);最重要的(the most important)

Crown of thorns starfish’s main food is coral.

棘冠海星的主要食物是珊瑚。

22 associate

[ə'səʊʃɪeɪt]

v. 联系(to connect);联合(to join together)

That is, we associate blushing that caused by physical reaction with embarrassment, such as saying something silly may cause us to blush.

也就是说,我们将身体反应引起的脸红与尴尬联系在了一起,例如说一些愚蠢的话可能导致我们脸红。

23 combine

[kəm'baɪn]

v. 联合(to unite);使结合(to join together);结合(to form a chemical compound)

They decided how to combine various components of the film program.

他们决定了如何把电影节目中的各个部分结合起来。

24 maintain

[meɪn'teɪn]

v. 维持(to keep up);维修(to repair);保养(to keep in good condition);坚持(to defend against);断言(to declare)

It would not be able to maintain a steady body temperature.

无法维持稳定的体温。

25 design

[dɪ'zaɪn]

n. 设计(a creation);图样,图案(a pattern);目的(an intention)

European city planning and design have a long history.

欧洲城市规划与设计有着悠久的历史。

26 stream

[striːm]

n. (小)河(a small river);水流(a flow);(人、车、气)流(a continuous flow); 一连串(an unbroken succession);组(a group)

It produces a stream of electrons from the cloud.

它产生了来自云层的电子流。

27 abundant

[ə'bʌndənt]

adj. 丰富的(plentiful);充裕的(well-supplied)

They survive well even if food supplies are not abundant.

即使食物供应不足,他们也能很好地生存。

28 infant

['ɪnfənt]

n. 婴儿(a baby);幼儿(a young child)

The frequency of infant mortality decreased.

婴儿死亡率下降了。

29 represent

[ˌreprɪ'zent]

v. 代表(to stand for);象征(to symbolize);说明(to state);阐明(to exemplify)

They were not numerous or varied enough to represent all of the trade commodities.

它们数量不多、种类不全,不足以代表所有的贸易商品。

30 decline

[dɪ'klaɪn]

n. 下降,衰落(a fall or a slump) v. 下降(to fall);减少(to decrease);拒绝(to refuse)

Several factors accounted for the decline.

下降的原因有好几个。

31 function

['fʌŋkʃn]

n. 职能(a professional or official position);功能,作用(a series of operations);函数(a mathematical relation in which a factor depends upon another or other factors)

Some genes seem to have no function.

一些基因似乎没有作用。

32 geologic

[dʒɪəˈlɒdʒɪk]

adj. 地质的,地质学上的(relating to or based on geology)

Geologic changes had occurred after the engravings were made.

雕刻完后,地质发生了变化。

33 merchant

['mɜːrtʃənt]

n. 商人(a trader) adj. 海上货运的(connected with the transport of goods by sea)

Most merchant activity at this time was controlled by Spain.

这个时期的大部分海上货运活动都由西班牙控制。

34 emotion

[ɪ'məʊʃn]

n. 情感(a feeling);情绪(a mood)

What are the possible links between facial expressions and emotion?

面部表情与情感之间可能存在什么关联呢?

35 cell

[sel]

n. 小房间(a small room);细胞(the smallest part of an animal or a plant);电池(a battery);手机(a cellphone)

They had cellulose-based cell walls.

它们有纤维素基细胞壁。

36 just

[dʒʌst]

adv. 刚才(recently);仅仅(simply);正好,恰好(exactly)

It had just undergone a major climatic change.

它刚刚经历了一次重大的气候变化。

37 revolution

[ˌrevə'luːʃn]

n. 革命(a revolt);变革(a transformation);旋转(rotation)

The colonization of land by plants was a major revolution in the history of Earth.

植物在土地上定植是地球历史上的一场重大革命。

38 emphasize

['emfəsaɪz]

v. 强调(to stress);着重(to give special importance to);使突出(to highlight)

To emphasize how serious the water problem was in Venice.

为了强调威尼斯的水问题有多严重。

39 organize

['ɔːrɡənaɪz]

v. 组织(to put in order);安排(to arrange);筹办(to hold)

This then meant that the military had to remain to suppress rebellion and organize government.

这就意味着军队必须继续镇压叛乱,组织政府。

40 perform

[pər'fɔːrm]

v. 执行(to carry out);履行(to fulfil);表演(to present)

They do not take long to perform.

他们不需要很长时间就能完成。

41 physical

['fɪzɪkl]

adj. 物质的(material);身体的(of the body);体力的(produced by the forces of the body);物理的(connected with physics)

Mental or physical stress tends to make people yawn.

精神上的或身体上的压力容易使人打哈欠。

42 particle

['pɑːrtɪkl]

n. 颗粒(a small piece)

The fusion process begins when two hydrogen nuclei smash together to form a particle called the deuteron (a combination of a positive proton and a neutral neutron).

聚变过程开始于两个氢原子核相撞形成一种称为氘核的粒子(一个正质子和一个中性中子的结合)。

43 replace

[rɪ'pleɪs]

v. 替换(to take the place of)

They can replace regular ice at certain locations.

它们在特定的地方能代替常规的冰。

44 architect

['ɑːrkɪtekt]

n. 建筑师(a person who designs buildings)

To argue that Le Corbusier should be considered more of a builder or an engineer than an architect.

认为勒·柯布西耶应该被视为建立者或工程师,而不是建筑师。

45 claim

[kleɪm]

n. 主张(a proposition);断言(an assertion);声称(a declaration) v. 声称(to declare);断言(to state firmly)

What reason does the author provide for the claim that Mendeleyev was bolder than Meyer?

作者认为门捷列夫比迈耶更大胆的理由是什么?

46 concentrate

['kɑːnsntreɪt]

v. 专心(to focus);集中(to gather);浓缩(to increase the strength by removing water from)

Some animals watch for danger while others concentrate on feeding.

一些动物专心觅食时,另一些动物会警惕危险。

47 mineral

['mɪnərəl]

n. 矿物质(a substance formed naturally in rocks and in the earth)

It has low levels of mineral nutrients.

它含有少量的矿物营养。

48 generate

['dʒenəreɪt]

v. 产生(to produce);导致(to breed);引起(to cause)

They are used to generate electricity.

它们用于发电。

49 marine

[mə'riːn]

adj. 海的(of or relating to the sea);航海的(of shipping)

It did not contain any marine fossil.

它不包含任何海洋化石。

50 religion

[rɪ'lɪdʒən]

n. 宗教(belief)

The Romans adopted Greek religion and moral philosophy.

罗马人采用了希腊的宗教和道德哲学。

51 efficiency

[ɪ'fɪʃnsɪ]

n. 效率(the quality of being efficient)

Its remarkable efficiency at hunting seems to have caused a reduction in the body size of other large mammals, too.

它惊人的捕猎效率似乎也导致了其他大型哺乳动物体型的变小。

52 clay

[kleɪ]

n. 黏土,陶土,泥土(a type of heavy, sticky earth)

Archaeologists frequently find clay tablets in batches.

考古学家经常发现成批的泥板。

53 case

[keɪs]

n. 例子(an example);情况(a situation);案例(an instance)

This is not the case in the tropics.

在热带地区,情况并非如此。

54 especially

[ɪ'speʃəlɪ]

adv. 特别(particularly);尤其(specifically)

It produced buildings that were especially attractive.

它产生了特别有吸引力的建筑。

55 steam

[stiːm]

n. 蒸汽(vapor);水蒸气(the hot mist)

It used steam to move a piston in a cylinder.

它用蒸汽来移动气缸中的活塞。

56 emerge

[ɪ'mɜːrdʒ]

v. 浮现(to appear);(由某种状态)脱出(to come out);(事实)显现出来(to become apparent)

According to paragraph 1, which of the following made it possible for an elite to emerge?

根据第一段,下列哪项使得精英人士有可能出现?

57 account

[ə'kaʊnt]

n. 账户(a bank information record);账目(a bill);描述(a description);说明(an explanation)

They wanted to balance the credits and debts in their account books.

他们想平衡账目上的贷款和债务。

58 prey

[preɪ]

n. 猎物(a hunted animal)

There are the best times for birds to find prey.

鸟类拥有寻找猎物的最佳时机。

59 eventual

[ɪ'ventʃʊəl]

adj. 最终的(final)

As lava flows and spreads to form a shield volcano, the volcano’s eventual height depends on the new mountain’s ability to support its own weight.

随着熔岩流动并扩散形成盾状火山,这座火山的最终高度取决于其支撑自身重量的能力。

60 consume

[kən'suːm]

v. 消耗(to use up)

Upon reflection, however, it makes sense that these mammals consume fruit.

但是,经过反思,这些哺乳动物吃水果是说得通的。

61 erode

[ɪ'rəʊd]

v. 腐蚀(to deteriorate);侵蚀(to destroy)

They commonly form in one year and erode the next.

它们通常在一年内形成,然后在下一年开始腐蚀。

62 fertile

['fɜːrtl]

adj. 肥沃的(productive)

Plants grew better in the fertile soil next to bodies of water.

植物在靠近水体的肥沃土壤中生长得更好。

63 resist

[rɪ'zɪst]

v. 抵制(to refrain from);抵抗(to fight against);反抗(to oppose)

Hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature, but only for a short time.

山丘和山脉成功抵抗自然的破坏力,但只能维持很短的一段时间。

64 feature

['fiːtʃər]

n. 特征,特色(the distinctive part);容貌(the appearance);特写(a closeup) v. 以……为特征(to make a feature of)

Another prominent feature of Mars’s surface is cratering.

火星表面的另一个显著特征是凹凸不平。

65 previous

['priːvɪəs]

adj. 以前的(preceding);先于,在……之前(happening before)

It continued the steady growth in population of previous centuries.

它延续了前几个世纪人口的稳定增长。

66 review

[rɪ'vjuː]

v. 复习(to examine again);回顾(to look back on);审查(to formally examine)

Further observation revealed the tendency of teachers to evaluate events rather than review the contributory factors in a considered manner by, in effect, standing outside the situation.

更进一步的观察显示,教师倾向于评估事件,而不是以一种站在实际情况之外的经过深思熟虑的方式来审查起作用的因素。

67 succession

[sək'seʃn]

n. 连续(a series);继承权(the right that one person succeeds another in a position);继位(the act of one person succeeding another);【生】演替(the gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is established)

They occur at the end of a succession.

它们出现在演替的末尾。

68 aggression

[ə'ɡreʃn]

n. 进攻(an attack);侵犯(a violent and hostile behavior)

Numerous biological structures and chemicals appear to be involved in aggression.

许多生物结构和化学物质似乎与侵略有关。

69 consequence

['kɑːnsəkwens]

n. 结果(a result);影响(an effect)

The great height of Martian volcanos is a direct consequence of the planet’s low surface gravity.

火星火山的高度很高是由其表面引力低直接造成的。

70 contrast

n. ['kɑːntræst] v. [kən'træst]

n. 对比(a comparison);差别(a difference);对照物(an object that is used to compare with) v. 对比(to compare)

The Whigs, in contrast, viewed government power positively.

相反,辉格党对政府的权力持积极的态度。

71 potential

[pə'tenʃl]

n. 潜力(the hidden ability) adj. 潜在的(hidden);可能的(possible)

The potential benefit of this was not the amounts of crop output.

这样做的潜在好处不是作物产量。

72 typical

['tɪpɪkl]

adj. 特有的(particular);典型的(characteristic);有代表性的(representative)

Its technique was more typical of international artists than Mexican artists.

它的技术更多地体现出国际艺术家的水平而非墨西哥艺术家的水平。

73 electric

[ɪ'lektrɪk]

adj. 电的(electric-powered)

Some male fish switch to a different electric call during mating season.

在交配季节,一些雄性鱼会切换成不同的电叫声。

74 gradual

['ɡrædʒʊəl]

adj. 逐渐的(happening slowly);逐步的(developing slowly)

This in turn added to the gradual construction of the commercial economy.

这反过来又促进了商业经济的逐步发展。

75 transform

[træns'fɔːrm]

v. 改变(to change);转换(to make over)

Their ideas and methods were used to transform United States industry.

他们的想法和方法被用来改变美国工业。

76 reproduce

[ˌriːprə'duːs]

v. 再生(to produce again);复制(to copy);生殖(to produce offspring)

Because they were sexually mature and could reproduce.

因为它们已经性成熟并且可以繁殖了。

77 alter

['ɔːltər]

v. 改变(to make different)

Yet the movements of these fluids can drastically alter a planet.

然而,这些流体的运动可以极大地改变一颗行星。

78 bacteria

[bæk'tɪrɪə]

n. 细菌(a large group of microorganisms, many of which cause disease)

They lead to more bacteria production.

它们导致了更多的细菌繁殖。

79 domesticate

[də'mestɪkeɪt]

v. 驯养(to tame);驯化,培育(to cultivate)

Africa’s native plants are very difficult to domesticate.

非洲的本土植物很难培育。

80 manufacture

[ˌmænjʊ'fæktʃər]

n. 制造,生产(the process of producing goods) v. 制造(to make by hand or by machinery)

During the Iron Age, the typical household objects were usually manufactured using a low technology of craft manufacture.

在铁器时代,典型的家用物品通常是使用较低的生产工艺制造出来的。

81 predict

[prɪ'dɪkt]

v. 预言(to foretell);预测(to foresee)

It cannot predict periods of glaciation in Earth’s distant past.

它无法预测地球遥远过去的冰川期。

82 therefore

['ðerfɔːr]

adv. 因此,所以(so)

Therefore, additional explanations are needed.

因此,需要额外的说明。

83 expose

[ɪk'spəʊz]

v. 揭露(to reveal);使曝光(to uncover)

Therefore, a begging nestling would unnecessarily expose itself to danger from predators.

因此,乞食的雏鸟会不必要地使自己暴露在捕食者的危险之下。

84 herd

[hɜːrd]

n. 兽群(a large group of animals of one kind that live together)

Each animal in a herd tries to protect the others from danger.

兽群中的每一个动物都试图保护其他动物免受危险。

85 absorb

[əb'sɔːrb]

v. 吸收(to take in);吸引(to attract);承受(to receive the force of an impact)

They absorb micronutrients unusually well.

它们能很好地吸收微量营养素。

86 exchange

[ɪks'tʃeɪndʒ]

v. 交换(to give something to somebody and receive something from them at the same time);兑换(to interchange)

It allowed scientists from different regions to exchange information.

它使来自不同地区的科学家可以交换信息。

87 internal

[ɪn'tɜːrnl]

adj. 国内的(domestic);内部的(inner);体内的(inside)

Their ancestors once possessed internal skeletons.

它们的祖先曾经拥有内部骨骼。

88 capable

['keɪpəbl]

adj. 有能力的(having the ability to do);能干的(competent)

How was the bolide capable of generating a shock wave?

火流星是如何产生冲击波的?

89 disperse

[dɪ'spɜːrs]

v. 分散(to break up);散开(to leave a gathering)

Males disperse when new siblings are born.

当新的兄弟姐妹出生时,雄性就散开了。

90 illustrate

['ɪləstreɪt]

v. 说明,解释(to explain);图解(to demonstrate with pictures)

The ventures of the German Hanseatic League illustrate these advancements.

德国汉萨同盟的冒险解释了这些进步。

91 forage

['fɔːrɪdʒ]

v. 觅食(to search for food)

Aggressive species usually forage in groups and feed mainly on flowers that occur in high-density clumps.

侵略性的物种通常成群觅食,主要以高密度丛生的花朵为食。

92 inhabit

[ɪn'hæbɪt]

v. 居住于(to live in);占据(to occupy);栖息(to dwell in)

Foundational species are the backbones of the systems they inhabit.

基础物种是它们所居住的生态系统的支柱。

93 project

n. ['prɑːdʒekt]

v. [ˌprə'dʒekt]

n. 计划(a plan);工程(a program);项目(a proposal);课题(a assignment) v. 投射(to cast);投影(to cause an image to appear on a surface)

The development of projection technology made it possible to project images on a large screen.

投影技术的发展使在大屏幕上投射图像成为可能。

94 glide

[ɡlaɪd]

v. 滑动(to slip);滑翔(to float);溜走(to slip)

As a result, animals must risk descending to the ground or glide to move between trees.

因此,动物必须冒险下降到地面或在树木之间滑行移动。

95 channel

['tʃænl]

n. 海峡(a navigable course);通道(a means of access);频道(a path for an electromagnetic signal);水渠(a passage that water can flow along, especially in the ground, on the bottom of a river, etc.)

Most streams flow in a single channel.

大多数溪流都在单一的水渠中流动。

96 quality

['kwɑːlətɪ]

n. 品质(the basic character);才能(the talent);特质(a feature of personality)

The casts form a high-quality natural fertilizer.

铸模形成优质的天然肥料。

97 branch

[bræntʃ]

n. 分支(the division);树枝(a secondary woody stem extending from the trunk)

If a tree gets rid of a branch, it is usually because other branches lack enough carbohydrate to subsidize it.

如果一棵树失去了一根树枝,通常是因为其他树枝缺少足够的碳水化合物来支撑它。

98 landscape

['lændskeɪp]

n. 风景(the scenery);风景画(a painting)

The natural landscape was destroyed.

自然风景已经被破坏了。

99 cereal

['sɪrɪəl]

n. 谷类植物(plants that produce grain);麦片(a food made from grain)

They developed special pouches for storing and carrying cereal grain.

他们发明了用来贮存和运送谷物的特殊袋子。

100 comet

['kɑːmət]

n. 彗星(a bright object with a long tail)

The size of the coma varies greatly from one comet to another.

不同彗星的彗发大小差异很大。 kAH0KuqZ7O3/hOfpqq91JC2+RV1wxk8GKxY/MFlwo3mfW+i6gACB3Mr82Mwmxz81

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