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In March 1978，the National Science Conference was held in Beijing. At the opening ceremony of the conference，an important speech was delivered on “ Science and Technology are Productive Forces”. The conference put forward the strategic decision of“marching toward the modernization of science and technology”，opened the precedent for emancipating the mind，promoted the development of China's science and technology，and ushered in the spring of science and technology in China. This is the forerunner of China’ s reform and opening up. There has been a great liberation of the minds of the vast number of scientific and technological personnel. Wu Wenjun’ s new method of using machines to prove and discover geometric theorems—machine proof of geometric theorem. Winning the 1978 National Science Conference Major Scientific and Technological Achievement Award is a good sign.
In the early 1980s，Qian Xuesen and others advocated the development of Artificial Intelligence research，and Artificial Intelligence research in China became more active.
From the late 1970s to the 1980s，related research in Knowledge Engineering and Expert System in China was in a difficult starting stage，and some basic work was carried out.
（1）Send overseas students to study Artificial Intelligence abroad
After the reform and opening up，since 1980，China has sent a large number of students to western developed countries to study modern technology and learn new scientific and technological achievements，including Artificial Intelligence and pattern recognition and other disciplines. These Artificial Intelligence “ returnees” experts have become academic leaders and backbones in the research，development and application of Artificial Intelligence in China，and have made a significant contribution to the development of Artificial Intelligence in China.
（2）Establish the Chinese society of Artificial Intelligence
In September 1981， the Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence （ CAAI ）was established in Changsha，and Qin Yuanxun was elected as the first chairman of the board. Yu Guangyuan hosted a large-scale symposium during the conference to discuss some cognitive issues related to Artificial Intelligence. He pointed out：“Artificial Intelligence is a newly-emerging science，and we should actively support it.” In 1982，The Journal of Artificial Intelligence was launched in Changsha by AI Association and became the first academic publication of Artificial Intelligence in China.
（3）Start research on Artificial Intelligence related projects
From the late 1970s to the early 1980s，some Artificial Intelligence related projects have been included in the national scientific research plan. For example，at the annual meeting of the Chinese Society of Automation held in 1978，the research results of optical character recognition system，handwritten digit recognition，biological cybernetics and fuzzy sets were reported，indicating that the research of Artificial Intelligence in the direction of biological control and pattern recognition in China has been started. Another example is the inclusion of “intelligent simulation” in the national research plan in 1978.
In January and February of 1984，“the popularization of computers should start with babies” was proposed. Since then，research on Artificial Intelligence in China has been on the rise. For example， People ’ s Daily has more and more reports on Artificial Intelligence. In the mid-1980s，China's Artificial Intelligence ushered in the dawn and began to embark on a normal path of development.
The Commission of Science，Technology and Industry for National Defense held a national seminar on intelligent computers and their systems in 1984，and held the first national seminar on fifth-generation computers in 1985. Since 1986，major projects such as intelligent computer systems，intelligent robots and intelligent information processing have been included in the national high-tech research and development plan（ 863 Plan ）.
In 1986，after three discussions，the Tsinghua University Council decided to agree to publish the book Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications in Tsinghua University Press.
In July 1987， Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications was published by Tsinghua University Press，becoming the first domestic monograph on Artificial Intelligence with independent Intellectual Property rights. Then，China's first books on Artificial Intelligence，robotics，and intelligent control came out in 1987，1988，and 1990，respectively. In February 1988，the publication of Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications attracted wide attention and the subject of Artificial Intelligence has become prevalent.The compilation and publication of intelligent works make the most exciting achievements of this frontier subject quickly meet with Chinese readers，which will certainly play a major role in promoting the spread and development of Artificial Intelligence in China. The use of Artificial Intelligence and pattern recognition is taking the lead in this new discipline，and it will make a foundational contribution for human beings to enter the era of intelligent automation. The development of Artificial Intelligence in China has had a major and far-reaching impact.
In 1987，the magazine Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence was launched.
In 1989，the China Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence（CJCAI）was held for the first time，and it was held 8 times in 2004.
Since 1993，projects such as intelligent control and intelligent automation have been included in the national science and technology climbing plan.
In July 1993，the Intelligent Robot Branch of the Chinese Society of Artificial Intelligence was established. “Human intelligence is national intelligence. Technology is strong，and the country is strong.” This inscription clarifies the dialectical relationship between Artificial Intelligence and improving national quality，strengthening scientific and technological strength，and building modern power. It is also the strong support of national science and technology leaders for China's Artificial Intelligence industry and the ardent expectation of Artificial Intelligence workers across the country.
After entering the 21st century，more research topics on Artificial Intelligence and intelligent systems have received key and major projects from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The National High-Tech Research and Development Program（863 Program）and the National Key Basic Research and Development Program（ 973 Program ），and the Ministry of Science and Technology Scientific and technological research projects，major projects of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other national fund plans are supported，and combined with the major needs of China’ s national economy and scientific and technological development，and strive to make greater contributions to the country. There are many research projects in this area.Representative studies include visual and auditory cognitive computing，agent-oriented intelligent computer systems，key technologies of Chinese intelligent search engines，intelligent agricultural Expert Systems，iris recognition，speech recognition，artificial psychology and Artificial Intelligence，emotions，human-computer interaction and cooperation based on humanoid robots，intelligent decision-making assistance systems in engineering construction，navigation and control of mobile robots in unknown environments，etc.
In August 2006，the China Artificial Intelligence Society，in conjunction with other societies and relevant departments，held a large-scale celebration event in Beijing to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the birth of Artificial Intelligence. In addition to the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence，the commemorative activities also included the first Chinese Chess Computer Game Championship and the first Chinese Chess Man-Machine War hosted by the Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence.Northeastern University’ s “Master of Chess” chess software won the machine game championship；“Inspur Tissot” supercomputer defeated the Chinese chess master with a score of 11 ∶ 9. The successful holding of these events demonstrates the great progress of China's Artificial Intelligence technology，and has also carried out a profound education of basic Artificial Intelligence to the general public. The organizer believes that this Chinese Chess Man-Machine War “ is a victory of human wisdom whether the winner is a human or a supercomputer.”
In the same year， Journal of Intelligent Systems was launched，which was the third Artificial Intelligence journal in China after Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence . They provided an academic exchange platform for domestic Artificial Intelligence scholars and university teachers and students，and promoted the research and application of Artificial Intelligence in China.
In 2009，the Chinese Society of Artificial Intelligence led the organization and proposed to the National Academic Degrees Committee and the Ministry of Education a proposal to establish a first-level discipline for degree authorization of “Intelligent Science and Technology”. The suggestion pointed out that the trend of “informatization towards intelligence” has emerged；therefore，the army of intelligent science and technology senior talents cultivated today is just in time for the large-scale advancement of informatization to intelligence tomorrow. For this reason，it is logical. The urgent suggestion is：In order to adapt to the general trend of informatization towards intelligentization，and to achieve the goal of building an innovative country，add first-level disciplines for doctoral and master's degrees in intelligent science and technology to the Chinese degree system. The wisdom and hard work of the vast number of Artificial Intelligence educators in China and their foresight are of far-reaching significance to the construction of China's Artificial Intelligence disciplines.
On June 9，2014，an important speech was delivered at the opening ceremony of the 17th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the 12th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. The integration of technology and robotics is accelerating. 3D printing and Artificial Intelligence are developing rapidly. The software and hardware technologies for manufacturing robots are becoming more and more mature. Costs continue to decrease and performance continues to improve. Military drones，Self-Driving Cars，and domestic service robots have become a reality. Some Artificial Intelligence robots already have a considerable degree of independent thinking and learning ability.
At the third meeting of the 12th National People's Congress in 2015，it was stated that Artificial Intelligence technology will provide a core foundation for innovative applications based on the Internet and mobile Internet. In the future，Artificial Intelligence technology will further promote related technologies and the in-depth integration of emerging technologies and industries，and the promotion of a new round of Information Technology revolution，will inevitably become a new fulcrum for the transformation and upgrading of China's economic structure. This is a full affirmation of the important role of Artificial Intelligence technology，and it is a demonstration of Artificial Intelligence.
In May 2015，the State Council issued Made in China 2025 ，and comprehensively implemented the manufacturing power strategy. This is China’ s program of action for the first ten years of implementing its strategy of making a strong country. Focusing on the strategic goal of achieving a manufacturing powerhouse， Made in China 2025 clarifies 9 strategic tasks and priorities.
In April 2016，the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology，the National Development and Reform Commission，and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the Robot Industry Development Plan （ 2016-2020 ） ，which outlined the development of China's robot industry during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. Most of the tasks proposed in the development plan，such as intelligent production，intelligent logistics，intelligent industrial robots，human-machine collaborative robots，fire rescue robots，surgical robots，intelligent public service robots，intelligent nursing robots，etc.，require various Artificial Intelligence technologies. Artificial Intelligence is also a key core technology for the development of the intelligent robot industry.
In May 2016，the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Science and Technology jointly issued the Internet ＋ Artificial Intelligence Three-Year Action Implementation Plan ，which clarified the development priorities and specific support projects for the intelligent industry in the next three years，further demonstrating that Artificial Intelligence has been elevated to the height of national strategy. According to the content of the plan，the development of the smart industry will be promoted in 3 major areas and 9 sub-projects in the next 3 years.
High evaluation of Artificial Intelligence and instructions for the development of Artificial Intelligence in China including Made in China 2025 ， Robot Industry Development Plan （ 2016-2020 ） and Internet ＋ Artificial Intelligence Three-Year Action Implementation Plan reflects that China has promoted Artificial Intelligence technology to the height of its national development strategy，creating an unprecedented fine environment for the development of Artificial Intelligence，and also giving Artificial Intelligence an arduous and glorious historical mission.
In July 2015，the 2015 China Artificial Intelligence Conference was held in Beijing. China Artificial Intelligence White Paper was published，including China Intelligent Robot White Paper ， China Natural Language Understanding White Paper ， China Pattern Recognition White Paper ， China Intelligent Driving White Paper and China Machine Learning White Paper . The technological development of related industries draws an outline and guides the development direction of the industry.
Initiated by the Chinese Society of Artificial Intelligence in April 2016，it united more than 20 national first-level societies to hold the “2016 Global Artificial Intelligence Technology Conference and Artificial Intelligence 60th Anniversary Commemoration Ceremony” in Beijing. This event coincided with the 60th anniversary of the birth of international Artificial Intelligence. Google AlphaGo and South Korean Go 9-dan player Lee Se-dol staged the “Man-Machine War of the Century”，pushing the attention of Artificial Intelligence to an unprecedented height. The launch ceremony jointly celebrated the 60th anniversary of the birth of international Artificial Intelligence，inherited and promoted the scientific spirit of Artificial Intelligence，and started a new journey in the era of intelligence.
At present，China has tens of thousands of scientific and technological personnel and university teachers and students engaged in research，learning，development and application of Artificial Intelligence-related fields at different levels. Artificial Intelligence research and application have been unprecedented in China. It has been carried out with fruitful results，and it will surely make new and significant contributions to the development of other disciplines and China's modernization.
In September 1981，a national Artificial Intelligence organization，the Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence（CAAI），was established，marking the birth of China's Artificial Intelligence discipline. Its emblem is shown in the Fig. 1.3 below. In 1982， Journal of AI was founded，a publication of the Chinese Society of Artificial Intelligence in Changsha，and became the first academic publication in the field of Artificial Intelligence in China. After the establishment of the Chinese Society of Artificial Intelligence，the Chinese Society of Artificial Intelligence Intelligent Robot Professional Committee，Machine Learning Professional Committee，Pattern Recognition Professional Committee，Natural Language Processing Professional Committee，Intelligent Control Professional Committee，and Artificial Intelligence Education Working Committee were successively established.
Academic organizations in the fields of Machine Learning，pattern recognition，intelligent robots，Natural Language Processing，and Expert Systems closely related to Artificial Intelligence have also been established successively，and academic activities have also been very lively. For example，important academic activities of domestic Machine Learning include the China Machine Learning Conference holding every two years and the China Machine Learning and its Application Seminar holding every year. The former is co-organized by the Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition Professional Committee of the Chinese Computer Society.
Fig. 1.3 The Emblem of CAAI
These Artificial Intelligence academic organizations and conferences carried out extensive and in-depth academic exchanges at home and abroad，which played a positive role in the development of Artificial Intelligence academic activities and the organization of scientific and technological exchanges，and strongly promoted the development of Artificial Intelligence technology and discipline construction in China.
In addition to the aforementioned “Wu's Method ” for the proof of geometric theorems，Wu Wenjun also published an important paper Mechanization of Mental Work and Modernization of Science and Technology in the Computer Era in 2004，announcing his series on the “mechanization” of geometric theorem proving the results. Wu pointed out：“In the 20 years since the successful mechanical proof of geometric theorems，the author and many like-minded comrades have carried out a movement called‘mathematical mechanization’ with the strong support of the Ministry of Science and Technology，the Academy of Sciences，and the National Funding Committee，has achieved some success in many aspects of theory and application.”
Domestic scholars have also made many achievements in basic research in many fields of Artificial Intelligence，such as problem solving，uncertain reasoning，pan-logic theory， topology ，pattern recognition，image processing，Machine Learning，Expert Systems，intelligent computing，and intelligent control，and achieved a batch of creative achievements at international advanced level. For example，in the aspect of pattern recognition，in-depth research on text recognition，voice recognition，fingerprint recognition，face recognition，iris recognition and gait recognition，involving biomedicine，satellite remote sensing，robot vision，cargo detection，target tracking，autonomous navigation，security，banking，transportation，military，e-commerce and multimedia network communications and other application fields.
China has made breakthroughs in the field of dedicated Artificial Intelligence，and has made great achievements in a large number of technologies in natural language processing and speech recognition，image recognition，Machine Learning，virtual reality，intelligent processors，cognitive computing，intelligent driving，and intelligent robots.
The Internet and Big Data have pushed Artificial Intelligence into a new stage of development. The research and application of China's smart voice technology in the fields of mobile Internet，call centers，smart homes，and automotive electronics has gradually deepened，driving the continuous and rapid growth of the smart voice industry.Intelligent voice is becoming one of the mainstream interactive methods.
In recent years，Deep Learning and Deep Neural Networks developed on the basis of multi-layer neural networks have been successfully applied in many pattern recognition fields in China. Among them，in the field of iris recognition，Tan Tieniu's team from the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences insists on system innovation from the source of iris image information，and comprehensively breaks through a series of key imaging devices，image processing，feature extraction，recognition retrieval，security and anti-counterfeiting in the field of iris recognition. Technology established the calculation theory and method system of the iris recognition comparison system，and built the largest shared iris image database in the world，which has been used for coal mine personnel identification and Beijing city railway monitoring on a large scale，and is used in 70 countries and regions. The popularization and use of more than 3000 scientific research teams has strongly promoted the development of the discipline of iris recognition.
In the most difficult and largest iris recognition professional evaluation competition held in 2010，The algorithm submitted by Tan Tieniu's team stood out from 41 participating teams from 25 countries and regions. The test performance index exceeded the second place by 41.3％，and won the iris recognition algorithm competition again with an absolute advantage. In the last international iris recognition algorithm competition held in 2008，the Tan Tieniu team defeated 97 teams from 35 countries and regions. This fully demonstrates China's overall strength in the field of iris recognition.
In the field of pattern recognition，Peking University Hi-Tech Fingerprint Technology Co.，Ltd. led by Shi Qingyun has achieved leading results in the field of fingerprint recognition.
The Expert System has been widely used in China，and its application fields involve industries such as industry and agriculture，and its economic benefits are considerable.For example，in the development and application of metallurgical Expert Systems，Expert System technology has been used in Blast Furnace Modeling ，monitoring and diagnosis，etc.，and a blast furnace automation framework based on multi-core learning has been established，and a blast furnace system data-driven modeling based on Volterra series has been established. Blast furnace hot blast stove flow setting，blast furnace temperature prediction，molten iron silicon content prediction，data collection and processing，distribution status evaluation，furnace condition analysis and monitoring，diagnosis and decision support and other Expert Systems have been applied to realize the intelligentization of the blast furnace ironmaking process.
Computational intelligence is a new field of Artificial Intelligence，involving fuzzy computing，neural computing，evolutionary computing，and immune computing. In the past 10 years，China has made many internationally leading achievements in computational intelligence，especially in evolutionary computing research. Universities such as the University of Science and Technology of China，Central South University，and the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have all made influential contributions. The results of Cai Zixing's team in the field of evolutionary computing are a good example.
Some of the evolutionary computing algorithms proposed by Cai Zixing’ s team are at the international leading level and have attracted wide attention from the international evolutionary computing community. They have become a benchmark for comparison of related algorithms. They not only have guiding value for algorithm design viewpoints，but have also been successfully applied to more than 30 countries at home and abroad. This field has received top-level inspections from international advanced research institutes，which has had an important impact on international computational intelligence research.For example，they proposed a single-objective differential evolution algorithm CoDE，which has become the core technology of the commercial software bSLOP designed by Rickard and Sitar of the University of California，Berkeley；the software has been sold on Apple's official website. Sahalos，Yao and Najy have successfully applied the CoDE algorithm directly to mobile communication system design，product defect prediction software，and power grid protection coordination respectively. Few algorithms of the same kind can attract such close attention internationally and obtain successful applications of so many optimization problems. In addition，they proposed an algorithm that has been widely cited and applied internationally，called “ CW Algorithm”（CW Algorithm），and has won praise.
In the past 10 years，the “Chinese Overseas Legion” of computational intelligence has sprung up and achieved remarkable results. In the field of computational intelligence and evolutionary algorithm research，Yao Xin and Jin Yaochu，with their research results have been recognized by international peers，becoming international academic leaders in the field of evolutionary computing，and promoting China's computational intelligence and evolutionary computing research.
According to incomplete statistics，more than 70 Artificial Intelligence works have been compiled and published nationwide. These books have monographs and textbooks，and there are many high-level works that are popular with readers. For example，the aforementioned Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications has been published in 7 editions，printed more than 50 times，issued more than 400，000 copies，and has millions of readers. Being widely used，it has played a major role in domestic basic research，development and application of Artificial Intelligence and talent training. Zhang Bo's monograph Problem Solving Theory and Application has been published successively at home and abroad，proposing a heuristic search based on statistical inference and a space planning method based on topology，which reduces computational complexity and has important application value. In addition，Tan Tieniu，Lu Ruqian，He Xingui，Shi Qingyun，He Zhijun，Tu Xuyan，Zhong Yixin，Li Deyi，Zhou Zhihua，Cai Zixing，Cai Wen，Shi Zhongzhi，He Huacan，Shi Pengfei，Wang Wansen，etc. published Artificial Intelligencerelated monographs at home and abroad，which reflect to a certain extent the release of the research results of Artificial Intelligence in China will play an important role in the further development of academic exchanges at home and abroad.
In addition，Artificial Intelligence-related researchers and university teachers and students have published tens of thousands of Artificial Intelligence-related papers in wellknown domestic and foreign journals and academic conferences. There are many highlevel articles. For example，the paper co-authored by Wang Yong and Cai Zixing was listed as one of the most cited papers in the top international journal IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation in 2012.
Some papers have been rated as excellent papers in academic conferences and journals at home and abroad.
Artificial Intelligence education and talent training are important foundations for the development of Artificial Intelligence disciplines. Since the mid-1980s in China，various Artificial Intelligence courses have been offered in a few colleges and universities. After promotion and improvement，the Artificial Intelligence spark of 30 years ago has now become a prairie fire. Hundreds of colleges and universities have opened various levels of Artificial Intelligence courses，and some courses have become wonderful works in the education of China's colleges and universities.
The National Intelligent Science and Technology Education and Teaching Academic Conference is the most authoritative academic event with characteristics in the field of Artificial Intelligence education and teaching in China.
The intelligence science and technology major set up at Peking University in 2005 has been run in nearly 30 universities across the country. The “ intelligence” majors of these universities alone train about 2，000 Artificial Intelligence professionals every year. It is estimated that in the past 30 years，universities across the country have cultivated thousands of masters and doctors in Artificial Intelligence and related disciplines，and tens of thousands of undergraduate graduates. These high-level Artificial Intelligence professionals are China ’ s most valuable asset in the development of Artificial Intelligence. They are fortunate enough to encounter a rare opportunity for the development of Artificial Intelligence，and they will surely become the backbone of China's Artificial Intelligence development by leaps and bounds.
China's Artificial Intelligence has established a certain foundation and is showing a momentum of vigorous development. According to incomplete statistics，in the past five years，China ’ s investment in the industrial application of Artificial Intelligence has exceeded 100 billion yuan. Here are a few examples to illustrate the development of China's Artificial Intelligence industrialization.
（1）Pattern recognition
New achievements have been made in the fields of iris recognition，gait recognition，and identity recognition. In recent years，Deep Learning and Deep Neural Networks developed on the basis of multi-layer neural networks have produced leading performance in many pattern recognition application fields and have become the most popular methods currently. The aforementioned iris recognition and its successful application in identity recognition has formed an industry，occupying domestic and foreign markets，which is a good example.
（2）Voice recognition
China has reached the international advanced level in Natural Language Processing，especially in the field of speech recognition.
In 2015，the scale of China's intelligent voice industry reached 4.03 billion yuan，an increase of 41.0％ compared to 2014，which is much higher than the growth rate of the global voice industry. It is estimated that by 2017，the scale of China's voice industry is expected to reach 10.07 billion yuan. In 2015，the intelligent voice market continued to maintain an oligopolistic pattern. At present，the application demand for smart voice in China continues to increase，and the application market is broader. It has been used on more and more occasions，such as smart home，smart car，smart customer service，smart finance，smart education，and smart hospitals. In addition，some overseas students have also achieved internationally leading results in the field of speech recognition. Huang Xuedong of Microsoft research is an outstanding representative in this field.
（3）Man-machine game
Chinese chess is a cultural treasure of the Chinese nation. It is a kind of refreshing and intellectual activity. It has been prosperous for thousands of years and is deeply loved by the masses. It has been over 15 years since the “ Inspur Cup” held the first Chinese chess man-machine war in August 2006. Consecutive competitions have been held，which have had a profound impact. Similarly，China is also the birthplace of Go.Whether it is Go or Chinese chess，there are many fans of man-machine games in the country，and its industrial development and market prospects are very promising. With just one chess battle game platform software，tens of thousands of people can participate in online battles at the same time.
（4）Expert System
Since the 1980s，Expert Systems have been widely used in the fields of industry，agriculture，commerce，science and technology，education，and service industries.Taking the agricultural Expert System as an example，the research，development and application of various agricultural Expert Systems have been carried out. For example，crop pest prediction Expert System，farming system Expert System，corn cold damage defense Expert System，silkworm breeding Expert System，wheat Expert System，etc.
After the 1990s，China's agricultural Expert System has developed rapidly and has become a breakthrough in agricultural Information Technology. The National Natural Science Foundation of China，the Ministry of Science and Technology，the Ministry of Agriculture and many provincial-level departments have arranged corresponding research topics；the 863 Program has listed the agricultural Expert System and other intelligent agricultural information technologies as national key topics，and established the Chinese agricultural Expert System. The strategic platform of research and development has played a positive catalytic role for the further development of the agricultural Expert System. After entering the 21st century，the development speed of agricultural Expert Systems has been accelerating. Not only has the number increased，but the fields involved are also more comprehensive. The depth and breadth of development have made great progress，paving the way for the widespread application of agricultural Expert Systems.
In addition，China has already had various degrees of industrial agglomeration in the fields of Artificial Intelligence such as Machine Learning，intelligent robots，and intelligent driving，and the pace of industrialization has gradually accelerated.
In order to summarize the research results of Artificial Intelligence in China and encourage more people to devote themselves to the creative research of Artificial Intelligence，a number of Artificial Intelligence awards have been established. Among them，the more important ones are as follows.
The Wu Wenjun Artificial Intelligence Science and Technology Award is the only science and technology award in the field of China’ s intelligent science and technology that is named after an individual and relies on social forces. The award，guided by“respecting knowledge，respecting talents，and respecting creation”，rewards units and individuals that have made outstanding contributions in smart science and technology activities，so as to continuously promote innovation and development in the field of smart science and technology in China.
The award is a national award approved by the National Science and Technology Awards Committee. It is known as “ China's highest award for Artificial Intelligence technology” and was launched in 2010 and has been held for over 5 sessions.
Among them，4 outstanding Artificial Intelligence scholars have won lifetime achievement awards. The China Computer Society also established the Lifetime Achievement Award in 2010 to award veteran scientists over 70 years of age who have made outstanding achievements and contributions in the field of computing and are widely recognized by the industry. Among them，two computer scholars who have achieved outstanding results in Artificial Intelligence research won this honor.
The “ Chinese Chess Man-Machine War” computer game competition started in 2006，which has attracted the attention of Artificial Intelligence academic circles and mainstream media at home and abroad. As AlphaGo and Go 9-dan Lee Se-dol manmachine confrontation triggered a new round of Artificial Intelligence and machine game craze，the human-machine war of Chinese chess will surely climb to a new height and make its unique contribution to the development of Artificial Intelligence in China.
Since 1998，hundreds of Smart Systems，smart robots and smart car competitions have been held in China，including some international competitions. These competitions have attracted thousands of young students to participate and received a large number of domestic and foreign awards. This will help them increase their interest in Information Technology，especially Artificial Intelligence，cultivate their innovative thinking and innovative abilities，and train the successors of Artificial Intelligence technology.
Some Chinese scholars and students have also won important international awards.For example，Wang Yong won the 2015 IEEE Computational Intelligence Society Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation Award，which is the first time a Chinese university has won the award.
Since the reform and opening up，especially since the beginning of the 21st century，China's Artificial Intelligence international exchanges and cooperation have been further developed.
In 2006，the Chinese Society of Artificial Intelligence，together with the American Society of Artificial Intelligence and the European Artificial Intelligence Coordinating Committee，jointly initiated the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence（Artificial Intelligence International Conference）in Beijing to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the birth of the international Artificial Intelligence discipline. Chinese AI research pioneer and leader Wu Wenjun，American Zadeh LA，the founder of fuzzy mathematics，and Nagao M，the inventor of the international EBMT machine translation method，gave keynote speeches at the conference. The conference was very successful and had a wide range of influences.
In 2013，the 23rd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence （ IJCAI ） was held，which was regarded as the largest，most influential and academically comprehensive conference in the field of international Artificial Intelligence. The hosting of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence shows that China's Artificial Intelligence research and application has had a positive impact on the world.
China has also organized and hosted some Artificial Intelligence or international conferences closely related to Artificial Intelligence. For example，in 2010， the World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation （ WCICA ）was held，which has been held every two years since 1993. This conference has become an intelligent technology event with international influence. In addition，the Chinese Society of Artificial Intelligence also initiated the organization of the International Advanced Intelligence Conference.
The development of Artificial Intelligence has had a profound impact on mankind and its future，and these impacts involve human economic interests，social functions，and cultural life. In terms of social impact alone，it includes labor and employment issues，changes in social structure，ways of thinking and concepts，and psychological threats.
（1）The issue of labor employment
Because Artificial Intelligence can replace humans in various mental tasks，some people will have to change their working methods or types of work，and even cause unemployment.
（2）Changes in social structure
The social structure is quietly changing，and the human-machine social structure will eventually be replaced by the Human-Intelligent Machine（Artificial Intelligence Machine）social structure. From the perspective of development，from the “doctors” in hospitals and the “nurses” who take care of patients，the “ waiters” in hotels，restaurants and shops，the “secretaries” in offices，the “traffic police” who direct traffic，to the “nurses”in families，“ handyman ” and “ nanny ” will all be replaced by intelligent robots.Therefore，people will have to learn to get along with Intelligent Machines and adapt to this changed social structure.
（3）Changes in thinking styles and concepts
Once the users of an intelligent system begin to believe in the system’ s（smart machine）judgments and decisions，they may be unwilling to use their brains，become lazy，and lose their sense of responsibility and sensitivity to many problems and their solving tasks. Relying too much on the computer's suggestions and accepting without analysis will reduce the cognitive ability of Intelligent Machine users and increase misunderstandings.
（4）Psychological threats
Artificial Intelligence also makes some members of society feel psychological threats，or mental threats. It is generally believed that only humans have the spirit of perception，and that they are different from machines. If the Artificial Intelligence of Intelligent Machines exceeds the natural intelligence of humans，then humans may become slaves of Intelligent Machines and intelligent systems.
The above-mentioned influences also exist in China. In response to the widespread concern about the impact of Artificial Intelligence on human society from all walks of life，the country has launched the popularization of Artificial Intelligence technology knowledge. For example，popularizing the knowledge of Artificial Intelligence through video public classes. The premium video open class is a free and open science and cultural quality education network video course and lectures to college students and the general public. It focuses on widely disseminating outstanding achievements of human civilization and cutting-edge knowledge of modern science and technology，improving the scientific and cultural literacy of college students and the general public，and serving society. The construction of advanced culturalism will enhance the soft power of Chinese culture and the international influence of Chinese culture. After being broadcast on the domestic network media，the national-quality video open courses “Artificial Intelligence PK Human Intelligence” and “From the Natural World to the Intelligent Era” have been enthusiastically received and welcomed，which will expand the positive impact of Artificial Intelligence on society and reduce the negative impact of Artificial Intelligence on society. The negative impact of Artificial Intelligence on society has the due effect under positive guidance.