As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.” (2021全国甲卷;阅读理解Text D·人与社会)
正如一位作家所说,未来的天才出自那些有“智慧、创造力、毅力和纯粹运气好的人,他们能够改变世界”。
结构解码
语法链接
that/those作定语从句先行词
1.指示代词中,that和those可作定语从句的先行词,但是this和these不能。比如:The true cost often differs from that which had been estimated initially.实际成本经常与最初的估算有所不同。
2.在作先行词时,只有those可以用来指人,如本句中those的用法。
核心词
genius n. [C]天才
intelligence n. [U]智慧
creativity n. [U]创造力
perseverance n. [U]毅力
fortune n. [U]运气
Instead, our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes. (2021浙江卷;阅读理解Text C·人与自然)
相反,我们的结果表明,成功的狗意识到,微笑的嘴和微笑的眼睛蕴含的意思是一样的,同样的规则也适用于生气的嘴和生气的眼睛,它们的含义也是一样的。
结构解码
难点突破
本句出现了两个that引导的从句,容易混淆:
本句主干为:our results suggest that ...,这里出现了第一个that,引导的宾语从句作suggest的宾语。该宾语从句中又包含一个that引导的宾语从句,作realized的宾语,也即宾语从句1由两个并列分句构成,分句1为the successful dogs ... smiling eyes,分句2为the same rule ... angry eyes。
语法链接
指示代词same
same作指示代词时,常和定冠词the连用,通常具有名词和形容词的性质,往往指刚提到过的同一个或同样的人或物,在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语:
核心词
instead adv. 反而;代替
suggest vt. 显示,表明;建议
successful adj. 成功的
smiling adj. 微笑的
apply to 适用于