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v. 剥夺，使丧失
A lot of children have been deprived of a normal home life because of war. 因为战争，许多孩子被剥夺了正常的家庭生活。
n. 婴儿期；幼年；初期
The luxury car market of this country is still in its infancy , and is far behind even that of emerging rivals like Russia. 这个国家的豪华车市场仍处于起步阶段，甚至远远落后于俄罗斯等其他新兴竞争市场。
v. 暗示，意味
Their failure to reply to our letter seems to imply a lack of interest. 他们没有回我们的信似乎暗示他们没有兴趣。
adj. 活跃的，生气勃勃的；动画（片）的
Early cinema programmes were a mixture of items, combining comic sketches, free-standing narratives, serial episodes and the occasional trick or animated film. 早期的电影短剧是许多项目的混合体，包括喜剧小品、独立叙事和连续的剧集，偶尔还有动画片特技。
adj. 直线的；线性的
Her novel subverts the conventions of linear narrative. It has no neat chronology and no tidy denouement. 她的小说颠覆了线性叙事的传统，没有清晰的时间线索，也没有简单明了的结局。
v. 避开，避免
Victims of the disease found themselves shunned by society. 这一疾病的受害者发现他们被社会遗弃了。
n. 快速查阅；扫描检查 v. 浏览；扫描
The photo-electric reader is capable of scanning characters at the rate of two thousand a second. 光电阅读器每秒钟能扫描两千字。
n. 努力；事业 v. 努力，尽力
With the help of the endeavour together, the gap between the parents and the children can be eliminated. 只有通过双方共同的努力，父母和孩子之间的代沟才能被消除。
v. 威吓；欺负；威胁
Nick didn't want to study law, but his father bullied him into it by threatening to cut off his allowance. 尼克本来不想学习法律，但是父亲用中断他的生活费用来威胁他。
v. 引用，引证
Studies of the sources cited in publications lead to a similar conclusion: the use of foreign-language sources is often found to be as low as 10 percent. 对出版物中所引原始资料的研究得出一个相似的结论：人们发现引用外语资料的情况低至10%。
adj. 巨人般的；巨大的
There are more and more gigantic skyscrapers in cosmopolitan cities all over the world. 越来越多的巨型摩天大楼出现在全球各地的国际化大都市中。
n. 混乱；动乱 v. 骚动；使紊乱
Too rich a diet will disorder your digestive system. 过分油腻的饮食会使你的消化系统失调。
adj. 勤勉的，用功的
The diligent reader should look into the script to understand what exactly is happening behind the scene. 勤勉的读者应该仔细研究这个脚本，以了解幕后究竟发生了什么。
n. 首字母 adj. 开始的；最初的
The new aircraft has performed very well in its initial trials. 这种新式飞机在最初几次试飞中表现良好。
n. 对手 adj. 对立的，敌对的
His rivals knew that they could expect no quarter from such a ruthless adversary . 他的竞争者明白，不能期望如此残忍的对手发善心。
v. 由…组成；存在于
The House of Commons is consisted of 658 members. 下议院由658名议员组成。
n. 营养；滋补品
Sugar gives quick relief to hunger but provides no lasting nourishment . 糖能快速缓解饥饿感，但不能提供持久的营养。
v. 拨给；挪用 adj. 合适的；适当的
The government has appropriated a large sum of money for building hospitals. 政府拨出了大笔款项修建医院。
n. 方面，方位；外观
They were royally received in every aspect . 他们在各个方面都受到了隆重接待。
n. 兽群；牧群 v. 放牧
Shepherds herd their flock of sheep along dusty roads just a few hundred meters from modern banks. 牧羊人在离现代化的银行短短几百米的、尘土飞扬的道路上放羊。
n. 附属建筑；附件 v. 强占；并吞
The outlying villages were formally annexed by the town last year. 那些偏远的村庄于去年正式被并入该镇。
v. 解释，说明；口译
Previously the only way to access people's dreams is for psychologists to ask about them after the event and try to interpret them. 在此之前，了解人类梦境的唯一途径就是在人们做梦之后通过心理学家向他们询问，然后试图对梦加以解释。
n. 刺激；激励；兴奋
Researchers say that social stimulation aids weight loss by converting white fat into brown. 研究者认为社交兴奋感可以把“白色脂肪”转化为“棕色脂肪”，从而有助于减肥。
adj. 无关紧要的；可忽略的；无意义的
The German cinema, relatively insignificant in the pre-war years, exploded on to the world scene after 1919. 战前的德国电影相对来说显得无足轻重，1919年后却在世界舞台上迅猛发展。
v. 表明，显露
Social tensions manifested in the recent political crisis. 最近的政治危机显露了社会的紧张关系。
n. 频率，发生次数
The frequency of riots rises dramatically as the weather gets warmer, hitting a peak around 27-30℃. 随着天气的变暖，最高温度达到27~30摄氏度，暴乱的频率也急剧增长。
n. 疏忽，忽视 v. 忽视；疏于照顾
The great importance of the quality of equipment for navigation should never be neglected . 导航设备的质量极为重要，绝不容忽视。
n. 手段；措施；量度 v. 测量，评估
In order to do this, we need to measure how much the ice surface elevation is changing from year to year. 要做到这些，我们需要测量冰块表面海拔的年度变化情况。
n. 准备；预备
The online model examination aims to enable students to assess their preparation for the written examinations. 在线模拟考试的目的在于帮助学生评估自己对笔试的准备情况。
adj. 积极的；精力旺盛的；有力的；健壮的
More than three quarters of men and 81 per cent of women did less than one 30-minute session of moderate or vigorous exercise per week. 超过四分之三的男性和81%的女性每周进行适度或高强度运动的时间不到30分钟。
adj. 战略的，战略上的
At this meeting, the two nations discussed with the most important, strategic issues in their economic relationship. 在本次会议期间，两国讨论了双方经济关系中最重要的战略问题。
v. 宣称；断言；辩护
He alleged that a press campaign was being waged against him. 他声称有人正在对他发起新闻攻势。
n. 结合，联合；合并；总和
The definition of any individual's role in any situation will be a combination of the role expectations that the members of the role set have of the focal role. 在任何情况下，个体角色的定义就是角色组内所有成员对焦点人物的角色期望的总和。
adj. 货币的，金钱的
Some countries have already tightened monetary policy to avoid inflation. 一些国家已经实行了紧缩的货币政策以避免通货膨胀。
v. 超过
The benefits of play must outweigh costs, or play would not have evolved, according to Darwin's theory. 根据达尔文的理论，玩乐的好处必须大于其代价，否则玩乐就不会得以进化。
v. 以物易物；讨价还价 n. 物物交易制度；用于易物的物品
The market-place and street were crowded with those who'd come to barter . 市场和街道上挤满了来进行物物交换的人。
adj. 合成的，复合的 v. 合成 n. 合成物，复合材料
Galton devised a method of creating composite pictures in which the features of different faces were superimposed over one another. 高尔顿发明了一种将不同脸的部位相互叠加而创作合成图片的方法。
n. 命令，指令；指挥部 v. 命令，下令；指挥；控制
He looked relaxed and totally in command of himself. 他看起来很轻松，有绝对的自信完全能控制住自己。
n. 曲线，弧线；弯道 v. （使）弯曲，（使）呈曲线形
The road curved around the bay. 那条路沿海湾呈曲线伸展。
adj. 提供有用信息的，增长见闻的
In addition to saving lives, informative speakers help people learn new skills, solve problems and acquire fascinating facts about the exciting world in which they live. 除了拯救生命之外，知识丰富的演讲者还帮助人们学习新技能，解决问题，了解自己身处的这个令人兴奋的世界上引人入胜的事情。
n. 风险项目，冒险行动 v. 冒险，敢于去（未知或危险等地方）
The only way of discovering the limits of the possible is to venture a little way past them into the impossible. 要发现某件事情是否可能的界限，唯一的途径是冒险跨越这个界限，从不可能跑到可能中去。
adj. 随后的，接着的
Prior knowledge and interest influence what we experience, what we think our experiences mean, and the subsequent actions we take. 之前的知识和兴趣会影响我们的经历、对这些经历的意义的想法以及随后所采取的行动。
adj. 竞争的；好竞争的
There's a popular supposition that we're publicly funded but the bulk of our money comes from competitive contracts. 人们普遍假设我们是受公共基金的资助，但我们大部分的资金是通过签订竞争性合同得到的。
v. 狼吞虎咽地吃；如饥似渴地阅读；吞噬
They devour web pages about everything from the weather to the latest high-tech gadget. 他们如饥似渴地阅读着网页上有关万物的一切信息，从天气到最新的高科技玩意，不一而足。
v. 交付，运送；（为摆脱而）把…置于
Because we cannot consign our nation to an open-ended recession. 因为我们不能听任我们的国家陷入无止境的衰退。
n. 可能性，希望；预期，展望 v. 勘探，勘察
Long-term prospects for the economy have improved. 长期的经济前景已有所改善。
v. 补充，补足 n. 补足物，衬托物
The green wallpaper is the perfect complement to the old pine of the dresser. 绿色的墙纸完美地衬托出衣橱那年代久远的松木。
n. 修改，修订；复习
From the profusion of electronic-text sites available, it looks as if this virtual library is here to stay unless a proposed revision to copyright law takes many publications out of the public domain. 从现有的大量电子文本网站来看，除非版权法的修订提案将许多出版物排除在公共领域之外，否则这个虚拟图书馆似乎将继续存在。
adj. 辅助的；备用的 n. 助手，辅助人员
Esperanto is an artificial language, designed to serve internationally as an auxiliary means of communication among speakers of different languages. 世界语是一种人造语言，目的是充当国际上不同语言使用者之间交流的辅助手段。
n. 家庭教师；导师 v. 指导，辅导
He said his grandmother hired a tutor to help him with his English. 他说他的祖母给他请了一位家教辅导他学习英语。
adj. 反复无常的；变幻莫测的
Influenza viruses are notoriously sloppy, unstable, and capricious . It is impossible to predict their behaviour. 流感病毒是随便的、不稳定的、多变的。不可能预测其行为。
v. 承认；认（输），承认（失败）
I can concede that a player's mental attitude can be the deciding factor in an event, for instance, a marathon running or even a less strenuous game such as chess. 我承认一个运动员的心态可能是一个赛事的决定因素，如马拉松赛跑，甚至是像国际象棋这样不那么激烈的比赛。
n. 礼貌，彬彬有礼 adj. 免费提供的；礼节性的
A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of courtesy helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. 对礼貌行为的友好点头或挥手表示感谢有助于创造带有善意的宽容氛围，这在现代交通条件下是非常必要的。
v. 安慰，慰藉
Console yourself with the thought that you did your best. 你可以安慰自己的是你已经尽了最大的努力。
adj. 笔直的；端正的 adv. 径直地; 马上；诚实地
What a shifty arguer he is, refusing ever to give a straight answer to the question. 他真是一个狡猾的辩手，一直拒绝对一个问题给予直接的回答。
n. 地基，基础；基金会; 建立
Students need to get a strong foundation in literary theory and criticism before I let them in the room. 学生们必须要有良好的文学理论和文学评论的基础，这样我才能让他们参加这门课程。
n. 腹部；胃 v. 鼓起，涨满
They crawled along on their bellies . 他们匍匐前进。
n. 横幅标语 v. 在（头版的）大字标题下刊登 adj. 极好的，出色的
Mr. Williams said he wasn't opposed to banner advertising but sounded unenthusiastic. 威廉姆斯先生说自己不反对横幅广告，但似乎也并不热衷于此。
n. 条件；境况；详情
Mood may be defined as a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied to any particular circumstance . 情绪可以被定义为一种短暂而温和的积极或消极的感觉，它是泛化的，不受任何特定环境的约束。
n. 偶遇；经历 v. 遭遇；偶遇
On the path of pursuing knowledge, the teachers we encounter may have a lifelong impact on us. 在追求知识的道路上，我们遇到的老师可能会对我们的一生产生影响。
v. 分析，细察；分解，化验
You have to prioritise, so indicate the main problems, and then you analyse each one by connecting it with a theory .你必须分清轻重缓急，所以要指出主要的问题，然后通过与理论的联系分析每一个问题。
v. 搽粉；撒粉 n. 粉，粉末
A list of rules pinned to a board instructs tea-pickers not to keep long fingernails or to powder their faces; smoking is banned. 一块板子上写着一系列规定，要求采茶者不得蓄长指甲，不得在脸上搽粉；严禁吸烟。
n. 预言之事，预报之事；预测
Environmentalists' prediction that the world's Merrick population would decline as a result of the spill has proven unfounded. 环保人士曾预测，石油泄漏将导致世界梅里克地区人口减少，但事实证明这一预测毫无根据。
v. 对付，处理
Never before has the industry had to cope with war and recession at the same time. 企业以前从来没有同时应付过战争和经济衰退。
n. 象征，标志；符号
Later in this same passage Yeats resumes his argument for the Rose as an Irish symbol . 后来在这同一篇文章里，叶芝再次提到把玫瑰作为爱尔兰象征的观点。
v. （使）汇聚，集中；趋同；（数）收敛
Speeches delivered by Mr. Dewar and Mr. Wallace indicated their views were converging . 杜瓦先生和华莱士先生发表的讲话表明他们的观点越来越接近了。
v. 缓冲；减轻…的影响 n. 垫子，坐垫；起缓解作用的东西
Get to the point and don't try to cushion the blow or beat around the bush. 有话直说，不要试图缓冲打击或拐弯抹角。
v. 抵制，拒绝参加 n. 抵制行动
We are asking people to boycott goods from companies that use child labour. 我们正呼吁大家抵制雇用童工的公司的产品。
n. 能力，才能；容积 adj. 无虚席的，满场的
Too much spending on rearmament would place an insupportable burden on the nation's productive capacity . 过于庞大的重整军备开支会给国家的生产力带来难以承受的负担。
n. 提拔，晋升；促销，推销
His promotion has provoked much discussion among us. 他的晋升引起了大伙儿沸沸扬扬的议论。
v. 通勤，上下班往返 n. 通勤
A bicycle lane would encourage them to use bicycles to commute , and so would reduce rush-hour traffic rather than fostering an increase. 一条自行车道会鼓励他们骑自行车上下班，这样会减少高峰时间的交通，而不是促进交通量增长。
v. 认为，相信
She deemed it prudent not to say anything. 她认为什么都不说是谨慎的。
adj. 批判的；关键的；危急的
Wall Street analysts have been highly critical of the company's seeming inability to control costs. 华尔街的分析家们对该公司似乎无力控制成本一事一直批评甚多。
v. 强调，着重；使突出（或明显）
Some speakers, if they're reading from a complete text, underline the words they want to emphasize . 有些演讲者在朗读整篇文章时，会在他们想要强调的单词下面划线。
n. 轻视，蔑视；忽视
The complainant has been exposed to public odium, scandal, and contempt . 原告遭到了公众的憎恶、流言和蔑视。
adj. 灵巧的；机敏的；敏捷熟练的
The director employs sensuous, atmospheric camerawork and deft dramatic touches. 导演使用了刺激感官、营造气氛的拍摄技巧和极富戏剧性的巧妙手法。
v. 妥协，让步；危及 n. 折中，妥协；妥协方案
He gave no indication that he was ready to compromise . 他没有流露出打算妥协的迹象。
v. 为…提供住宿；容纳，提供空间；适应
The roads are built to accommodate gradual temperature changes. 这些道路是为适应气温的逐渐变化而建的。
n. 委员会
The committee will need time to assimilate this report. 委员会需要时间来理解这个报告。
v. 放下；储蓄；存放 n. 订金；押金
You will lose your deposit if you cancel the order. 如果撤销订单，保证金将不予退还。
v. 使确信，使信服；说服，劝服
I have managed to convince myself that if it weren't for my job I would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. 我设法说服自己，如果不是为了我的工作，我会立即前往空旷的地方，在坐落于乡间的寂静村庄里回归自然。
v. （使）压缩，（使）收缩；限制，约束
The drug causes blood vessels to constrict , and may prevent blood from reaching vital organs. 药物导致血管收缩，阻止血液到达重要脏器。
n. 简洁，简短；短暂，短促
To sum up, I've mentioned several key points in becoming a successful public speaker, such as good preparation, audience awareness and brevity . 综上所述，我提到了成为一名成功的演说家的几个关键点，比如做好准备、有观众意识、简洁。
v. 抓住，抱紧；黏附，粘住
As much as we would like to cling on to our past, even the saddest moments can be washed away with time. 尽管我们很想抓住过去不放，但即使是最悲伤的时刻也会被时间冲淡。
v. 领导（参加）运动，从事竞选活动 n. （有计划的）活动；战役
Above all, we intend to campaign for the universal adoption of sustainable and equitable lifestyles. 最重要的是，我们打算为可持续和平等生活方式的普及进行宣传。
adj. 令人尴尬的；难对付的
One by one they came forward, mumbled grudging words of welcome, made awkward obeisances. 他们挨个儿走上前去，咕哝出几句欢迎词，尴尬地鞠躬致礼。
adj. 过敏的，易受影响的；灵敏的
Her rather tough and worldly exterior hides a very soft and sensitive heart. 她那相当坚强而世故的外表下掩藏着一颗非常柔软敏感的心。
v. 作好准备；支撑，加固 n. 支撑物；牙箍
Overhead, the lights showed the old timbers, used to brace the roof. 在头顶上，光线照射出支撑屋顶的旧木头。
v. 控制，抑制 n. 控制，抑制；马路牙子
If patients pay very little out of their own pockets, they have little desire to curb consumption. 如果病人自掏腰包支付的钱很少，他们就不会有遏制消费的意愿。
adj. 休闲的；随便的 n. 便服，便装
People wear slacks, sweaters, flat shoes, and all manner of casual attire for travel. 人们旅行时穿宽松长裤、运动衫、平底鞋和各式休闲服装。
adj. 隐蔽的，秘密的 n. 隐藏处
As the individual matures, that overt talking to oneself becomes covert talking to oneself, but thinking still shows up as a habit. 随着个体的成熟，公开的自言自语变成了隐蔽的自言自语，但思考仍然表现为一种习惯。
n. 纸巾，面巾纸；（动物或植物的细胞）组织
Once gangrene has developed, the tissue is dead, and the only hope is to contain the damage. 一旦出现坏疽，组织就会坏死，那么唯一的希望就是抑制其损害。
n. 受益者，受惠人 adj. 拥有封地的，受圣俸的
The trustee must manage the trust property for the beneficiary . 受托人对受益人负有信托义务。
n. 安慰，起安慰作用的人
Her appointment was seen as a consolation prize after she lost the election. 她的任命被认为是对她落选的安慰。
adj. 自满的，自鸣得意的
We must not become complacent about progress. 我们决不能因进步变得自满。
adj. 天空的，天上的
Galileo's observations of Jupiter's satellites showed that the Ptolemaic theory of the motion of celestial bodies is false. 伽利略对木星卫星的观察表明，托勒密关于天体运动的理论是错误的。
adj. 杰出的；异常的；特别的
The university provides students with an exceptional learning atmosphere. 这所大学为学生提供优质的学习环境。
v. 退化
His health is degenerating rapidly. 他的身体状况每况愈下。
v. 理解；包括
We know about our world because we've interacted with it, and only by simulating this interaction in our heads can we comprehend the behaviour of someone else. 我们了解我们的世界，因为我们在与之交互，并且仅当我们在大脑中模拟这些交互时，我们才能理解其他人的行为。
n. 洞；空穴；腔
The heart is located roughly in the centre of the chest cavity . It is surrounded by a protective membrane, the pericardium. 心脏大致位于胸腔的中央。它被一个保护膜（即心包膜）所包围。
n. 两者选一 adj. 可供选择的；可供替代的
If you don't like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing your own. 要是不喜欢学校准备的午餐，你可以自己带饭。
adj. 依赖的；从属的
The local economy is overwhelmingly dependent on oil and gas extraction. 当地经济过于依赖石油和天然气的开采。
n. 调准；校准
Calibration tests are standard procedures applied to sensors not eliminated by screening tests. 校准试验是对筛选试验中未被淘汰的传感器进行试验的标准测试程序。
n. 十年，十年期
In the space of a few decades , tourism has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today. 近几十年来，旅游业已成为当今世界最主要的文化和经济力量之一。
adj. 舒适温暖的；亲切友好的；安逸的
We spent a cozy evening chatting by the fire. 我们在炉火旁聊天，度过了一个安逸的夜晚。
n. 伤亡；受害
Small shops have been a casualty of the recession. 小商店在经济萧条中深受其害。
adj. 密集的；浓厚的
Warm water is less dense than cold water, so it would not spread downwards. 温水比冷水的密度小，所以温水不会向下扩散。
n. 喧闹，吵闹；叫喊 v. 喧哗
Everyone was clamouring to know how much they would get. 大家都吵闹着想知道他们能得到多少。
n. 狂欢节；饮宴狂欢
Caroline who had moved to a new area was asked by a neighbour to join a committee planning the local summer carnival . 卡罗琳搬到了一个新地方，她的邻居邀请她参加一个筹划当地夏季狂欢节的委员会。
adj. 管理的，行政的
Administrative staff may be deskilled through increased automation and efficiency. 随着自动化程度和效率提高，行政人员可能不再需要专业技能。
adv. 根本上，彻底地
According to this line of thought, the verbal abilities that blossom in the two year old allow events to be coded in a form radically different from the action-based codes of the infant. 根据这个思路，两岁的儿童发展出的语言能力可以使他们对事件的组织方式与婴儿基于动作的组织方式有根本的差异。
n. 选举票；投票；票数
With a huge worldwide television audience tuning in and the Hollywood elite in attendance, the ballot process of the film prize requires complete secrecy. 由于全球有大量电视观众收看颁奖实况，而且有很多好莱坞精英出席典礼，因此这一电影奖项的投票过程要求完全保密。
adj. 体谅的；体贴的；深思熟虑的
One of the most important things is to be considerate of your co-workers’ feelings and needs. 最重要的事情之一是要体谅同事的感觉和需要。
adv. 开始，最初
It is an almost universal truth that the more we are promoted in a job, the less we actually exercise the skills we initially used to perform it. 一个几乎普遍的真理是，工作上提升得越高，我们最初的那些工作技能实际上就用得越少。
v. 许可，同意 n. 许可；特许；执照
However, live vaccines can be shed and infect non-vaccinated subjects, making them difficult to licence . 然而，活疫苗容易传染给未接种的人，因此这类疫苗很难获得批准。
v. 刁难，使恼怒 n. 恶意；不顾；不由自主地
They are being provocative and controversial just to spite us. 他们这样挑衅和争论就是要故意刁难我们。
n. 隔离；孤独
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation , more families are choosing to live together. 由于年轻人无力离家，老人又有被孤立的危险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。
adj. 仁慈的，富有同情心的
The compassionate judge gave the young offender a light sentence. 仁慈的法官从轻判处了那个年轻罪犯。
n. 限制，约束
The swimming club is open to families in the neighbourhood without restriction . 这个游泳俱乐部对邻近地区的家庭开放，没有限制。
n. 研究生 adj. 大学毕业后的；研究生的
The university has two halls of residence for its postgraduate students. 这所大学有两个研究生宿舍。
v. 递送；发表（一篇演说等）；交付
Carbon monoxide, for example, competes with oxygen in red blood cells and interferes with the blood's ability to deliver life-giving oxygen to the heart. 例如，一氧化碳会和氧气抢夺血红细胞，还会影响血液为心脏提供维持生命所需的氧气的能力。
v. 拥护，提倡 n. 拥护者；辩护律师
Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. 很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
v. 操作；经营；动手术
The surgeon operated on her for appendicitis. 外科医生给她做了阑尾切除手术。
n. 口授；听写
The new secretary takes dictation very well. 那位新秘书善于记录口授。
adj. 有缺陷的；有错误的
Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. 地震中的大多数死亡都是由于建筑施工不当或建筑工地质量差造成的。
adj. 向后的；相反的 adv. 向后地；相反地
In reaction to the backward discharge of bullets, the gun, and hence the boat, moves forwards. 枪发射子弹所引起的后作用力使得船驶向前方。
v. 管制；调节；校准
Accidents sometimes happen even in the best regulated families. 即便管理最好的家庭也会发生事故。
v. 陪伴；伴奏
Each such innovation has been accompanied by a period of fear mixed with exhilaration. 每一个这样的创新都伴随着一段时间的恐惧和兴奋交织的复杂感受。
n. 离题；脱轨
The audience cried the speaker down as soon as he started on a third digression . 当发言人第三次离题时，听众就把他轰下台了。
n. 委托事项；许诺；承担义务
The company's commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success. 这家公司保证供货质优价廉的承诺对它的成功起了决定性作用。
v. 困扰
The discussions were beset with difficulties. 会谈困难重重。
adj. 热忱的；诚恳的；友好的 n. 兴奋剂；补品
Britain and Portugal have had cordial relations for more than four centuries. 英国和葡萄牙四个多世纪以来都保持着友好关系。
n. 背面；相反（的情况） adj. 相反的 v. 颠倒；倒转
Men are generally supposed to be strong, but most women know that the reverse is often true. 人们通常认为男人坚强，但大多数女人都知道实际的情况往往相反。
n. 混合；混合物，混合剂
A mixture of skill and good luck decided the outcome of the game. 技术和运气结合在一起决定了比赛的结果。
v. 包含，容纳；容忍
The exhibition contains some of his best work to date. 这个展览有他迄今为止一些最好的作品。
v. 召集，召唤；集合
The chairman convened the committee to put the issue to a vote. 主席召集委员们开会对这个问题进行表决。
v. 向…行贿；诱哄 n. 贿赂
The bank official was bribed into handing over secret information. 那位银行官员被收买交出了机密。
n. 欺骗；诡计
He was accused of obtaining properties by deception . 他被指控骗取钱财。
v. 巩固；合并
Several small companies decided to consolidate to form a large company for their further development. 几个小公司为了今后的发展决定合并起来组成一个大公司。
v. 拖欠；违约；不履行责任 n. 违约
He defaulted in his payments on the loan. 他没有按期偿还贷款。
v. 自夸，夸耀 n. 夸耀，自吹自擂
She is always boasting about how wonderful her children are. 她总是夸耀她的孩子们多么出色。
adj. 善于分析的；分析的
Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success. 施特恩伯格指出，传统的测试最能评估分析能力和语言技能，但却无法衡量创造力和实践知识，而这些也是解决问题和实现成功的关键因素。
adj. 光秃的；单调的；枯燥的
Because of over-polluted, the mountain is bald without any trees or plants. 因为过度污染，这座山光秃秃的，没有任何树或植被。
v. 流血；失血
If you cut your finger, it will bleed . 如果你割破手指，它就会流血。
n. （枪等的）口径；（人或事的）品质；才能
Ultimately, the success of every enterprise depends on the calibre of its directors and the effectiveness of its board. 任何一家公司的成败最终都取决于公司董事的才能和董事会能否有效发挥其职能。
adj. 一致的；符合的；协调的
The quality of this suit isn't quite consonant with its price. 这套衣服的质量和价钱并不十分相符。
adj. 强制的；义务的；必修的
Is English a compulsory subject? 英语是必修科目吗？
v. 同意，赞成 n. 许可，允许
The board was unable to consent to this request this morning. 董事会今天早上无法答应这些请求。
v. 抱怨；控诉，诉说
If you are complaining, the law of attraction will bring into your life more situations for you to complain about. 如果你常抱怨，吸引力法则就会把更多让你抱怨的事情带入你的生活。
v. 占用；占据；任职
The artificial Earth Satellites occupy a peculiar intermediate position between science and technology. 人造地球卫星是介于科学和技术界之间的一个独特领域。
v. 安慰，安抚；赢得；调和，调解，调停
After 1951 Winston Churchill and his Conservative successors protected the welfare state, maintained full employment, and conciliated the trade unions. 1951年后，温斯顿·丘吉尔和他保守党的继任者一起保护英国这个福利国家，维持零失业率并安抚工会。
adj. 听觉的；气味的；香味的
You can use these tapes as aural material. 你可以把这些磁带当作听力材料。
adj. 建筑方面的；与建筑物相似的
Architectural morphology is the study of how shifting cultural and environmental conditions produce changes in an architectural form. 建筑形态学是研究不断变化的文化和环境条件如何使建筑形式发生变化的学科。
adj. 庞大的；笨重的
Some aircrafts are designed to carry bulky freight or vehicles. 有些飞机被设计用来运载体积庞大的货物或车辆。
v. 依赖，依靠；信赖
Many animals rely on concealment for protection. 许多动物靠藏匿自己来避害。
v. 去除；散发；脱落 n. 棚；车库
The company yesterday shed a sixth of its workforce. 该公司昨天削减了六分之一的劳动力。
v. 把…作为目标；瞄准 n. 目标，对象
The university will reach its target of 5,000 students next September. 这所大学将于下个九月达到在校学生5,000人的目标。
v. 阻塞 n. 块；街区
The British government used its veto to block the proposal. 英国政府行使其否决权阻止了这项提案。
v. 急速增长；萌芽 n. 芽，嫩芽
When spring is coming all trees began to burgeon . 春天到来的时候所有的树木开始发芽。
n. 显著的特点，特性
The study found that some alcoholics had clear personality traits showing up early in childhood. 研究发现一些酗酒者在童年早期就显现出鲜明的人格特征。
v. 完成；使达到极点 adj. 造诣极高的；完美的
He acted the part with consummate skill. 他以精湛的演技饰演了这一角色。
adj. 狡猾的；精明的
At first glance it may look like a fearsome snake but this creature is actually a small caterpillar with a cunning means of defence. 第一眼看上去可能会以为这种生物是条可怕的蛇，但实际上它是一只精心自我防护的小毛毛虫。
adj. 完整无缺的；尚未被人碰过的
Newspapers buried 20 or more years previously usually remained perfectly legible, and a remarkable amount of food wastes of similar age also remained intact . 埋了20余年的报纸字体通常仍清晰可辨，而且与其时期相近的相当多的食物残渣也保存完好。
v. （使）弯曲；（使）倾斜；歪曲（事实）；屈从 n. 拐弯，弯道；（身体的）弯曲
The supports under the bridge were starting to bend . 桥下的支柱开始弯曲。
v. 采用；收养
After much deliberation, the president decided to adopt her suggestion. 总经理再三考虑之后，决定采纳她的建议。
v. 混合 n. 混合物，化合物 adj. 复合的，混合的
Both situations can be tough to handle but to compound them at the exact same time that was a real hard. 这两种情况每一个都是很难处理的，当它们同时出现的时候，简直太难了！
v. 散播，传播；漫射 adj. 散开的；弥漫的
Scientists have assumed that heat diffused into the sea from the atmosphere. 科学家们推断热量从空气中扩散到大海中。