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adj. 有缺陷的，不完善的，不完全的
In 1989, a team of American and Canadian biologists announced that they had found the site of the gene which, when defective , gives rise to cystic fibrosis. 1989年，一个美国和加拿大的生物学专家组宣称，他们发现了基因的缺陷是囊肿性纤维症的原因。
n. 收条，收据；收到
The department only takes goods back if customers can show the receipt . 这家百货公司只有在顾客出示收据时才能予以退货。
adj. 情绪的，情感的
These two areas of concern for the individual are causing physical and emotional stress respectively. 对个人这两个方面的忧虑会分别导致身体上和情绪上的压力。
adj. 痛苦的；悲惨的；可怜的
The film was a miserable commercial failure both in Italy and in the United States. 这部电影在意大利和美国均遭遇票房惨败。
adj. 恶劣的；辛勤的；险峻的
These scientists must be tough and courageous to cope with the arduous conditions of their work. 那些科学家一定得非常坚强和勇敢，才能面对那么恶劣的工作条件。
n. 免除，豁免；免税，免税额
She was given exemption from the final examination. 她已获准期末免试。
adj. 可信的；可靠的
Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear power? 是否有可以取代核能的可靠选择？
adj. 有害的；有毒的
Many household products give off noxious fumes. 很多家用产品都散发有害气体。
v. 提及 n. 广告
He only adverted to the main points of my argument. 他只提到我议论的要点。
adj. 节约的，经济的
It is usually economical to buy washing powder in large quantities. 大量购买洗衣粉通常要省钱些。
n. 忠实，诚实，忠诚
The employee is proud of his fidelity to the company over 30 years. 这个雇员为他对该公司30多年的忠诚感到骄傲。
adj. 守信的；忠实的
I have been a faithful reader of your newspaper for many years. 多年来我一直是贵报的忠实读者。
n. 入场权；进入许可
The enquiry centred on how the assassin had gained admittance to the building. 调查集中在刺客是如何进入大楼的。
n. 情绪；情感，感情
They were caught up in a whirling vortex of emotion . 他们陷入了感情旋涡。
v. 保护，防护
The researchers recommend high-flying women take certain precautions to try to protect their health. 研究人员建议那些成功女性采取一些预防措施来保护自己的健康。
v. 营救，援救 n. 救援，营救，营救行动
German shepherds made excellent search and rescue dogs working in disaster zones after earthquakes and avalanches. 德国牧羊犬是极好的搜寻和营救犬，为地震和雪崩灾区的搜救工作做出了重要贡献。
n. 复制品
Before a great window stood a large aquarium containing colored stones and a small replica of a feudal castle. 鱼缸放在一扇大窗前，里面有五颜六色的石子和一座封建城堡的小型复制品。
n. 支付，付款；报偿；报应
Earlier this week Harrods became the latest major retailer to stop accepting cheques as payment . 本周早些时候，哈洛德百货公司成为最新的一家拒收支票付款的大型零售商。
n. 推进；推进力
The nineteenth century witnessed a revolution in ship design and propulsion . 19世纪经历了船舶设计和推进上的一次重大变革。
n. 正直；完整，完整性
Even if integrity and confidentiality are ensured, data is useless if it cannot be accessed and is not available. 即使完整性和机密性都得到了保证，但如果数据不能被访问或者不能被获得，那么它也是没有用处的。
n. 消失；消灭；灭绝
The giant panda, the creature that has become a symbol of conservation, is facing extinction . 大熊猫这种作为动物保护象征的生物濒临灭绝。
adj. 无固定形状（结构）的；无组织的；不规则的
Physics began to emerge from the more-or-less amorphous body of scientific knowledge as an identifiable discipline. 物理学开始从或多或少不太定型的科学知识变成一门范围明确的学科。
v. 想象；猜想；想要 n. 爱好；想象 adj. 别出心裁的；昂贵的
She didn't fancy the idea of going home in the dark. 她不想在黑夜里回家。
n. 用具，器具
The kitchen is equipped with modern appliances . 这间厨房里安装了各种现代化设备。
n. 表示；记号 adj. 象征的；表意的
As a token of our thanks for all that you have done, we would like you to accept this small gift. 望你能接受这个小小的礼品，作为我们对你所做的一切的感谢。
n. 随机 adj. 随机的
The four divisions were assigned to two experimental programmes on a random basis. 这四部分通过随机原则被分配到这两组实验项目中。
v. 躲避，逃避；不理解
The two men managed to elude the police for six weeks. 这两个男人设法逃避警方追捕达六周。
n. 治疗
At our clinic, we are beginning to realise the unique benefits of relaxation therapy . 在我们诊所，我们开始认识到放松疗法的独特好处。
adj. 吸引人的，迷人的；有魅力的
A personal story can be very effective opening so long as it illustrates a key engaging point or sets the theme in a memorable way. 讲述一个发生在自己身上的故事是非常有效的开头，前提是这个故事阐明了一个有吸引力的关键的观点或用一种令人难忘的方式展开主题。
adv. 不变地，总是，一定地
Welfare-based societies invariably become bankrupt. 以福利为基础的社会最终将会破产。
adj. 任意的；武断的；独裁的，专断的
The choice of players for the team seems completely arbitrary . 组内运动员的挑选看似是完全随意的。
adj. 酸的，酸性的；产生酸的
If your soil is very acidic , add lime. 如果你的土壤酸性很强，就加点石灰。
v. 击退；抵制
They relied on this type of technological development to produce incendiary projectiles of many sorts, explosive grenades and cannons to repel their enemies. 他们靠这种科技发展制造了许多种燃烧弹、爆破手榴弹还有大炮来驱逐他们的敌人。
v. 放大；增强；详述
This landscape seemed to trap and amplify sounds. 这种地形好像能聚拢和扩大声音。
v. 背弃，放弃 n. 沙漠，荒漠 adj. 不毛的；沙漠的；无人的
I should hate and despise myself if I desert the brave fellow in his present extremity. 假如我抛弃了这位现在处于困境的勇士，我将痛恨和蔑视我自己。
v. （使）弯曲，卷曲 n. （头发的）卷曲，卷发
In colder weather, your cat will curl up into a tight, heat-conserving ball. 在更冷的天气里，你的猫会蜷缩成紧紧的一团来保暖。
v. 欣赏，鉴赏；感谢，感激
The photos remind us that we all appreciate beauty. 这些照片提醒我们，我们都要欣赏美丽。
n. 手续，步骤；程序；外科手术
Though no great technical feat, the procedure opens a range of unsettling possibilities. 虽然这不是什么伟大的技术壮举，但这一过程开启了一系列令人不安的可能性。
v. 刻；切下；开创
Gillian had asked a local worker to carve the bowls from a piece of the trunk of the golden elm. 吉莉安让当地的一个工人用金榆树的树干来雕刻碗。
adj. 烹饪的，食物的
In 1816, Carême began a culinary journey which would forever mark his place as history's first top chef. 1816年，卡勒姆开始了他的烹饪之旅，且作为有史以来的第一位顶级大厨，在历史上留下了恒久的印记。
n. 小数；十进制 adj. 小数的，十进位的
The mathematics of ancient Egypt were based on a decimal system. 古埃及数学以十进制为基础。
n. 密码，暗号 v. 把…写成密码
I begin to cipher out the German for that answer. 我开始尝试用德语作答。
v. 漂白，使褪色 n. 漂白剂
The tree's roots are stripped and hung to season and bleach . 这些树根被剥去皮并挂起来风干晒白。
n. 残骸，碎片
Forensic experts carried out a painstaking search of the debris . 法医专家们对残骸进行了极其仔细的研究。
n. 目标，定位；方向，朝向
A clear recognition of self orientation and personal interest will decide whether you will tick the box of vocational college or university. 对自我定位和个人兴趣的清晰认识将决定你将选择职业学院还是大学。
v. 谋划，策划；设法做到
She contrived to spend a couple of hours with her father every Sunday evening.每周星期日晚上她都设法与她的父亲待上几个小时。
adj. （环境）恶劣的，艰苦的；严厉的，残酷的
The harsh conditions in deserts are intolerable for most plants and animals. 沙漠中的恶劣条件对大多数植物和动物来说是无法忍受的。
adj. 认真的，勤勤恳恳的
Don't do your work in a slipshod manner. You should be conscientious and have a sense of responsibility. 不要草率地做你的工作。你应该认真负责。
v. 供认，招供，承认；忏悔，告解
Don't criticise others for their flaws if you are not willing to confess your own. 如果你不愿意承认自己的缺点，那么就不要批判他人的过错。
adj. 殖民地的，殖民主义的 n. 殖民地居民
Why are you interested in doing something on community planning in colonial times? 你为什么对殖民时期的社区规划方面感兴趣？
adj. 依照惯例的，遵循习俗的
It is time to go beyond the shibboleth that conventional forces cannot deter. 是时候摆脱那些传统力量无法阻止的旧观念了。
v. 结束，告终；到达顶点，达到高潮
Years of working under somebody could culminate in an abrupt change in your lifestyle. 多年在某人手下工作可能会导致你的生活方式的突然改变。
v. 责怪，归咎于 n. 责备，过错
Those who fail incline to blame the world for their failure. 那些失败者往往会将其失败归咎于世界。
v. ； （使）目眩，（使）眼花 n. 炫目，耀眼
The candidates you meet are all going to try to dazzle you with their remarkable personalities, experience, work ethic, and love of teamwork. 你看到的应聘者都会试着用他们非凡的性格、经验、职业道德和对团队合作的热爱而让你眼花缭乱。
v. 激励，激发灵感
He has neither the policies nor the personal charisma to inspire people. 他既无谋略又无个人魅力来鼓舞人。
adj. 不完整的
Spoken language contains many incomplete sentences. 口语中有很多不完整的句子。
v. 捐赠；促成；做贡献
Arts contribute to cultural development when people gather together to share their experience. 当人们聚集在一起分享他们的经验时，艺术便有助于文化的发展。
v. 适得其反；（发动机或车辆）回火，逆火 n. 回火，逆火
Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. 科学家告诉我们，这可能适得其反，实际上会对我们的健康产生负面影响。
v. 群聚，聚集 n. 组，簇；辅音群，辅音连缀
When the magnetic field is at its strongest, and sunspots at their most plentiful, they cluster close to the equator. 当磁场最强，太阳黑子最丰富的时候，它们会聚集在赤道附近。
n. 电路；环线 v. （绕…）环行
The race ended with eight laps of a city centre circuit . 比赛以环绕城中心跑八圈结束。
adj. 和蔼的；无害的，温和的
Now researchers have developed a more benign way to fish. 目前研究者开发了一种更为温和的捕鱼方式。
n. 木匠，木工 v. 做木工
A carpenter often rejects half his wood because of knots or cracks. 木匠常常因为有节疤或裂缝而把一半的木材都扔掉。
adj. 有利的；吉利的
The patterns on the lanterns contain many legends, stories and auspicious idioms. 灯笼上的图案包含很多传说、民间故事和吉祥的谚语。
v. 捐赠，赠送
The money was donated by a local businessman who wishes to remain anonymous. 这笔钱是当地一位不愿透露姓名的企业家捐赠的。
adj. 正方形的 n. 正方形；广场
Barricades funnelled the crowds towards the square . 设置的路障控制人流涌向广场。
n. 共存，和平共处
The determination conditions, interference of coexistence elements were studied. 对测定条件、共存元素干扰情况进行了研究。
n. 大量，丰富；繁荣
This area of Mexico has an abundance of safe beaches and a pleasing climate. 墨西哥的这个地区有许多安全沙滩且气候宜人。
adj. 愤世嫉俗的；悲观的，怀疑的
She wanted him to stop being so detached and cynical . 她希望他不再那么无动于衷，那么愤世嫉俗。
adj. 野蛮的；残酷的
This juxtaposition of brutal reality and lyrical beauty runs through Park's stories. 残酷的现实和抒情诗般的美并存贯穿于帕克的故事之中。
adj. 微妙的；敏锐的
Her paintings capture the subtle hues of the countryside in autumn. 她的油画捕捉住了秋天乡村的微妙色调。
n. 监护；监禁
The hit-and-run driver has been in custody . 那个驾车肇事逃逸的司机已被拘留了。
v. 标志，预示
The flashing lights denote dangerous roads ahead. 闪烁的灯光表示前方道路危险。
adj. 平稳的，稳定的 v. 使平稳，稳住
The country is experiencing slow but steady economic growth. 国家经济正在缓慢但稳步的增长。
adj. 生理的
The problem was psychological rather than physiological . 这个问题是心理方面的而不是生理方面的。
adj. 明显的，显然的
There are obvious continuities between diet and health. 日常饮食与健康之间有着明显的逻辑关联。
n. 灵活性；弹性
The flexibility of distance learning would be particularly suited to busy managers. 远程学习的灵活性尤其会适合忙碌的经理们。
v. （使）贬值，（使）降价
New cars start to depreciate as soon as they are on the road. 新车一上路就开始贬值。
n. 否认；拒绝接受
With major life traumas, like losing a loved one, for instance, the mind's first reaction is denial . 面对人生的重大创痛，例如失去深爱的人，心理的第一反应就是拒绝接受。
n. 组成部分；成分
Trust is a vital component in any relationship. 在任何关系中，信任都是一个至关重要的组成部分。
n. 使复杂化的难题（或困难）；并发症
Drama adds unnecessary stress and complication to any relationship. 小题大做会给各种关系施加不必要的负担和复杂性。
n. 甜点
This dessert can be served straight from the refrigerator. 这甜点从冰箱里拿出后即可食用。
v. 使迷惑；混淆
Many business executives confuse leadership with action. 许多企业高管把领导力与行动混为一谈。
adj. 新兴的，发展初期的
An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits as well as negative ones spread through networks of friends via social communication. 大量新兴的研究表明，积极的健康习惯和消极的健康习惯都通过社交在朋友圈中传播。
n. 服从，遵守
The goals of compliance should not be to reach the minimum requirements but to exceed them. 遵从性目标不应该是达到最低要求，而是超过最低要求。
v. 污染，弄脏；毒害
Hostile relationships invidiously contaminate our wellbeing, squatting inside our minds as unresolved, destructive ruminations. 这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康，长久留存在我们心里，会让人陷入无以解决的恶性心理困境。
n. 圆柱；（报纸或杂志的）专栏（文章）
The explosion sent a column of smoke thousands of feet into the air. 爆炸造成的烟柱升入几千英尺的高空。
v. （使）看不清楚，记不清 n. 模糊不清的事物
A lot of the rigid moral distinctions that the poem has actually been working rather hard to establish are beginning to blur . 很多在诗中很难建立起的道德差异已经开始变得模糊。
v. 责难，谴责；诽谤
He is impatient with those who decry the plan. 他无法忍受那些批评这项计划的人。
v. 汇编，编纂；收集，搜集
We are trying to compile a list of suitable people for the job. 我们在努力编制一份适合做这项工作的人员名单。
adj. 得体的；尚好的
If there'd been a halfway decent house for rent on this island, I would have taken it. But it was no dice. 如果这座岛上有稍微像样的房子出租，我就租下来了。但连那样的房子都租不到。
v. 谴责；宣判，判决
We need economic growth unless we condemn the world's poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else's living standards. 经济增长是必要的，除非我们想让世界上的穷人深陷贫困的沼泽，或使其他所有人的生活水平停滞不前。
adj. 声音的，音频的 n. 声音，音频
He uses his vocal training to record autio tapes of books for blind people. 他利用声乐训练给盲人录制磁带有声书。
v. 查明，察觉；测出
As we eat, specialised receptors in the back of the nose detect the air molecules in our meals. 当我们吃东西的时候，鼻子后部的特殊感受器会检测我们食物中的空气分子。
v. 批评；评论
Teachers who criticise the comprehensive system are typically accused of undermining it. 那些批评教育综合系统的老师总是通常被指责成破坏这个系统的人。
adj. 纯粹的，完全的；陡峭的，垂直的
The cliffs rise sheer from the beach. 悬崖从海滩上拔地而起。
adj. 意气相投的；性格相似的
It was not a congenial experience and in 1961 he retired to Switzerland with his wife to devote himself to his books. 这段经历并不合他心意，于是1961年他就退休并和妻子去了瑞士，全心全意地写起书来。
v. 表现，体现 n. 快车；快递 adj. 快递的；明确的
The way children talk about or express their feelings depends on their age and stage of development. 孩子们谈论或表达情感的方式取决于他们的年龄和成长阶段。
v. 窒息，噎住，卡住
A ghastly stage-fright seized him, his legs quaked under him and he was like to choke . 一种可怕的怯场感抓住了他，他两腿发抖，几乎要窒息了。
v. 建议，劝告（做…）；为…提供咨询 n. 忠告，建议；辩护律师
Other golden rules counsel us to master ourselves, to avoid excess and not to be a prosperous fool. 其他黄金法则建议我们控制自己，避免过度，不要做一个成功的傻瓜。
adj. 笨拙的，不灵活的；不得体的
Whether from jealousy or fear of someone who looked so different, my older brothers sometimes teased me about my clumsy walk. 我的哥哥们对长相与众不同的人或是嫉妒或是害怕，时常会取笑我笨拙的步伐。
v. 冲突，抵触
When two objects in space collide , the two objects break into many smaller pieces. 当两个物体在太空中相撞时，这两个物体会分裂成更小的碎片。
n. 收缩，缩小；痉挛
The most common type of headache is a tension or muscle contraction . 最常见的头痛类型是紧张或肌肉收缩。
v. 弹起，反弹 n. 弹跳，跳动；弹性
Work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce back. 工作是一个橡胶球。你把它丢在地上，它还会弹回来。
n. 被告
The defendant may also file a counterclaim against the plaintiff, a cross-claim against any co- defendant or an impleader. 被告也可以对原告提出反诉，对共同被告或原告提出交叉诉讼。
v. 组成，构成；作曲
We can say that the properties of an ecosystem are more stable than the individual organisms that compose the ecosystem. 可以说，生态系统的特性要比组成生态系统的单个生物体性质更加稳定。
adj. 道德的，伦理的
Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. 依靠道德规劝而不是法律手段来纠正人们对理想体型的错误认识或许才是最好的办法。
adj. 次要的，附带的；外围的
Even if these peripheral details are a bit elusive, they come back readily in hypnosis or when we relive the event imaginatively, as in psychodrama. 即使这些边缘的细节有点难以捉摸，但当我们处于催眠状态中或在脑海里重温该事件时，它们很容易被记起，比如在心理剧中。
adj. 可选择的，选修的
By setting Peking Opera as an optional course, students may have more freedom to decide whether to take it or not. 通过将京剧设置为选修课，学生们可以有更多的自由决定是否选修京剧。
n. 学位论文；学术演讲
I'm having some problems getting started on my dissertation and I was hoping you could give me some advice on how to begin. 我在开始写论文时遇到了一些问题，我希望你能给我一些如何开始的建议。
v. 倾泻，流注 n. 小瀑布；倾泻，流注；一连串事情
Heavy rains caused a wall of mud to cascade down the hillside. 大雨冲垮了一堵泥墙，从山坡上泻下。
adj. 考古学的，考古的
Study of the origins and distribution of human populations used to be based on archaeological and fossil evidence. 对人类种群起源和分布的研究曾是基于考古和化石证据。
adj. 可转换的，可兑换的 n. 活动顶篷式汽车
In order to keep the currency convertible , they had to keep interest rates high to prevent people from demanding to exchange the gold. 为了保持货币的转换性，他们不得不将利率提高，以防人们向他们索求黄金的兑换。
adj. 当前的；通用的；最近的 n. 水流；电流；趋势
The canoe found the current and swung around. 独木舟遇上了急流，打着转。
adj. 专断的；可靠的
When an orally transmitted story is written down, an authoritative version with a recognized author is created. 当一个口头相传的故事被写下来的时候，就会诞生一个知名作家的权威版本。
n. 复兴，再生；文艺复兴（时期）
Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today. 夏威夷文化不是历史的遗迹；它是一种如今正在复兴的鲜活文化。
adj. 双方的，双边的
The business council is aimed at balancing bilateral trade by expanding trade volume. 商务委员会旨在通过扩大贸易规模来平衡双边贸易。
adj. 费时费力的；苛刻的
These are qualities that schoolchildren can, and should, acquire through a variety of demanding individual activities in physical education. 这些素质是学生能够而且应该通过体育教学中各种各样要求很高的个人活动中获得的。
adj. 强壮的；稳固的
Yellen is likely to address the issue tight after she pushes unemployment below 6%, stabilizes markets and makes sure that the recovery is more inclusive and robust . 耶伦可能会在她把失业率降到6%以下、稳定市场并确保经济复苏更具包容性、更强劲之后，再加紧解决这个问题。
adj. 震耳欲聋的；极喧闹的
A bolt of lightning crossed the darkened sky, accompanied by a deafening thunder clap. 一道闪电划过漆黑的天空，伴随着震耳欲聋的雷声。
n. 面试，试演 v. 试镜；对某人进行面试
We auditioned over 200 dancers for the part. 我们为这个角色面试了200多名舞者。
n. 罪犯 v. 定罪，宣判…有罪
Australia's convict origins have been variously written in and out of the national consciousness. 在澳大利亚，人们对出身罪犯家庭的人的看法已经在其民族意识中转变了好多次。
v. （使）腐烂，腐败；（使）分解
As the waste materials decompose , they produce methane gas. 废物腐烂时会产生沼气。
v. 捕获；夺取；吸引 n. 被捕获
Today's collection provides some amazing examples of stormy photography which can be very difficult to capture . 今日的合集提供了一些叹为观止的暴风雨摄影范例，都是非常难捕捉到的。
v. 背叛，叛变 n. 缺点，缺陷，毛病
This pact slowly erodes as members defect and outside demand gets more elastic. 随着成员国的背叛以及外部的需求变得更有弹性，这个协定就慢慢地失掉约束力。
n. 措施；主动性
The middle child is influenced by many variables; however, middles are less likely to take initiative and more anxious and self-critical than others. 中间儿（排行中间的孩子）受很多因素的影响；然而中间儿不太可能主动，也比其他孩子更焦虑、更易自我批判。
n. 阴谋，密谋
Everyone thinks there is some vast conspiracy wanting to cover up the crime. 人人都认为有个要掩盖罪行的大阴谋。
n. 细菌（bacterium的复数）
Parts of the shop were very dirty, unhygienic, and an ideal breeding ground for bacteria . 商店的一些地方非常不卫生，是细菌滋生的理想之地。
adj. 陌生的；外国的；与外星人有关的 n. 外国人；外星人
Of the 7,000 alien species in the United States—out of a total of 150,000 species—only about 10% are invasive. 在美国总共15万的物种中，有7,000种外来物种，当中只有10%是入侵物种。
adj. 世界主义的；国际性的；见识广的
The family is rich, and extremely sophisticated and cosmopolitan . 这个家庭殷实富足，深谙世故，又见多识广。
n. 激活；活化作用
Vartanian also found that changing the composition of the paintings reduced activation in those brain areas linked with meaning and interpretation. 瓦塔尼亚还发现，改变绘画的构图会减少与意义和解释相关的大脑区域的激活。
n. 平民，百姓 adj. 平民的，民用的
The sovereign holds total power over all the institutions of civilian , holding sway over a kind of peaceable kingdom. 君主对平民拥有绝对的权力，统治着一个和平的王国。
n. 尊严；庄严；高贵
Unfortunately, on Friday night he showed neither decency nor dignity 不幸的是，周五晚上他表现得既不得体，也不庄重。
n. 魔鬼；恶棍 v. 困扰
He drives himself on, working like the devil from seven in the morning until midnight. 他不断敦促自己，从早上7点一直拼命工作到午夜。
v. 建造；组成 n. 构想；建筑物
The charitable organization decided to construct a new house in Valadares. 慈善组织决定在瓦拉达雷斯建造一所新房子。
v. 击败，战胜；使失败 n. 失败；战败
The general has drawn up a plan to defeat the enemy. 将军拟订了一个击败敌人的计划。
v. 逐渐消失；（使）褪色；枯萎
In the early years of their marriage, both were disturbed by persistent arguments that seemed to fade away without ever being truly resolved. 在他们结婚的最初几年，两人都受到了持续不断的争论的困扰，这些争论似乎在没有真正解决的情况下就消失了。
n. 精确（性）；严谨 adj. （设计）精密的，精确的
A particular animal typically maintains its own characteristic cycle duration with great precision for many days. 某一种动物通常可以在很多天内极其精确地保持其特有的周期时间。
n. 推迟，延误 v. 延期，推迟
He backed a provision that would allow judges to delay granting a divorce decree in some cases. 他支持允许法官在有些情况下推迟离婚判决的规定。
adj. 慈善的；善行的
The beneficent donation helped many children learn how to read and write. 慈善捐助帮助许多孩子学会了读书和写字。
n. 代表 v. 授权，把…委托给
Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely, including staff expertise. 领导者必须能够明智地分配和管理资源，包括员工的专业技能。
n. 申请人
The job advertisement stipulates that the applicant must have three years' experience. 招聘广告明确要求应聘者必须有三年工作经验。
v. 拆除（建筑物）；破坏；推翻，驳倒
The car had skidded across the road and demolished part of the wall. 汽车打滑冲过马路把部分墙撞塌了。
adj. 赞美的
Predictably the internet's fashion commentators have not been uniformly complimentary . 可以预见的是，互联网时尚评论家们对此着装的评价并不都是赞美的。
v. 类似于；相一致
Actually, all of us desire to achieve success, but sometimes our actions don't correspond with what we desire. 实际上，我们所有人都渴望成功，但是有时候我们的行动与目标并不一致。
n. 薄脆饼干；彩色爆竹；有趣的事物
He let her feast on the crackers with strawberry jam. 他给饼干配上草莓果酱，让她尽情享用。
adj. 知道的；察觉到的；有…意识的
Smokers are well aware of the dangers to their own health. 吸烟者们都很清楚吸烟对其自身健康的危害。
n. 复杂性
The rise of the mobile phone has recently added a new level of complexity to the process of retail reinvention. 最近，手机的兴起使零售业的再创造过程变得更加复杂。
n. 运输；交通运输系统；交通方式
Relief agencies say the immediate problem is not a lack of food, but transportation . 救援机构称当务之急不是食品匮乏，而是交通运输不足。
v. 证明；示范
Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. 在其他事情中，这些发现表明，剧烈的气候变化对地球来说并不是什么新鲜事。
n. 阳台；楼座
Each house has a snug mezzanine area and an antler-fenced balcony about eight metres above ground. 每间房子都有一个舒适的夹层区域和一个离地约八米的鹿角围栏阳台。
n. 领事馆
Guests also showed great interest to the books about the host country distributed by the Consulate General. 客人还对总领事馆分发的有关主办国的书籍表现出极大的兴趣。
v. 憎恨，厌恶
They detested each other on sight. 他们互相看着就不顺眼。
adj. 卑鄙的，可鄙的
People who tell lies is always looked upon as despicable . 说谎的人总是被视为可鄙的。
adj. 宏伟的；出色的；高尚的
The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings. 这座城市的美就在于它那些宏伟的建筑。
v. 减去，扣除
For convenience sake we will deduct these charges from the commission. 为了方便起见，我们将从应付给你的佣金中扣除这些费用。
v. 证明，证实；给…颁发合格证书
If you breeze through a practice exam, it's likely that you're ready to certify . 如果你轻松通过实际操作考试，那么你就已经准备好通过结业考试了。
adj. 笨重的；繁琐的
This cumbersome , artificial procedure is avoided by using the exception rule in guilty or nolo contendere plea cases. 通过在有罪或无人认罪案件中使用例外规则，可以避免这种繁琐的人为程序。
prep. 在…下方；低于，次于
Beneath the gloss of success was a tragic private life. 在成功的外表下面却隐藏着悲惨的私人生活。
v. 不同于；意见有分歧
It will hurt people differ to the extent to watch me slam my thumb with a hammer. 不同的人看到我用锤子敲打拇指会感受到不同程度的痛苦。
v. 损害，破坏；腐蚀
He has devised a process for making gold wires which neither corrode nor oxidise. 他发明了一种制造程序，使金线既不会腐蚀也不会氧化。
adj. 火山的；（感情或情绪）猛烈的
Water and heat from volcanic activity are two basic conditions needed for life to form. 水和火山活动散发的热量是生命形成的两个基本条件。
n. 捐助人，赞助人
An anonymous benefactor stepped in to provide the money of the consolation prize. 一个匿名的捐献者站了出来，为安慰奖提供了奖金。
v. 沉思；盘算，打算
As he lay in his hospital bed that night, he cried as he contemplated his future. 那天晚上，他躺在病床上，想到未来，他哭了起来。
adj. 始终如一的；持续的
Confirmation occurs when others treat you in a manner consistent with who you believe you are. 当别人对你的态度和你对自己的看法一致时，你就得到了证实。
n. 表达，交流；信息；通讯
Some sign languages are very sophisticated means of communication . 一些手势语是非常复杂的交流方式。
adj. 钝的；直言不讳的
Those are blunt , unyielding admonitions that ring in my head every day. 那些直言不讳的忠告每天都在我脑海中响起。
adj. 演绎的，推论的
He met Professor John Bell, who was well-known for using deductive reasoning to diagnose diseases. 他认识了约翰·贝尔教授，贝尔教授因使用演绎推理来诊断疾病而闻名于世。
v. 致力于，献身于；把…献给
There is no doubt that the best prize in life is the opportunity to dedicate to a cause worthy of dedication. 毫无疑问，生命最好的奖品就是有机会从事值得奉献的事业。
n. 仪式，典礼 adj. 仪式上的，庆典上的
Now many specialists believe that cave paintings were not part of a ritual to bring good luck to hunters. 现在许多专家认为，洞穴壁画并不是给猎人带来好运的仪式的一部分。
v. 释放，允许…离开；解雇 n. 释放；任务的执行，债务的偿还；解雇
Lightning is a brilliant flash of light produced by an electrical discharge from a storm cloud. 闪电是一种因为暴风云放电而产生的一种明亮闪光。
v. 炸毁，爆破；枪击 n. 爆炸，爆破
Soldiers are also using short-range missiles and dynamite to blast apart boulders blocking the first channel, to speed up the flow of water. 士兵们也在用短程导弹和炸药对堵塞第一条导流渠的石块实施爆破，以使水流加速。
v. 回复，恢复
Thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert to forest or wilderness. 由于人口增长放缓，目前用于种植作物的土地可能会变成森林或荒野。
v. 严厉批评，正式谴责 n. 严厉批评，谴责
He was censured for leaking information to the press. 他因泄露消息给新闻界而受到谴责。
n. 埋葬；葬礼
Probably the only life insurance he needs is enough to cover his debts and burial expenses. 也许他需要的唯一人寿保险就足够支付他的债务和丧葬费用了。
n. 尺度，标准，准则
The standard criterion for the survival of a species is its success in competing with other species and adapting to slowly changing environments. 一个物种生存下来的标准是它能否成功地与其他物种竞争并适应缓慢变化的环境。
n. 学徒期；学徒身份
The rules of the apprenticeship will protect you from being exploited on the job, as they define the wages you should be paid. 学徒的规则将保护你免受剥削，因为他们明确规定了工作的报酬。
n. 缺乏
There is no dearth of technological resources, but managers in the service sector fail to take advantage of widely available skills and machines. 技术资源并不缺乏，但是服务部门的管理人员未能利用广泛可用的技能和机器。
v. 澄清，阐明；使净化
Giving examples is a good way to clarify the statement of your articles because readers can better understand your opinions through these vivid examples. 举例子是阐明文章观点的一个非常好的方法，因为读者可以通过这些生动的例子更好地理解你的观点。
n. 定罪，判罪；坚定的信念
It is our firm conviction that a step forward has been taken. 我们坚信已经向前迈进了一步。
n. 伤害，损害
The team has been plagued by injury this season. 本赛季这支队伍一直为队员受伤所困扰。
v. 相互交流；相互作用
Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child. 教师和每个孩子沟通的时间有限。
adj. 随之发生的；（河流、山谷）顺向的
The need for more energy to power larger cities and economic growth therein leads to the construction of dams, the consequent flooding of ecosystems, and increased emissions of pollutants. 人们需要更多的能源支持更大的城市运转和经济增长，从而导致了水坝的建设，随之而来的生态系统的泛滥以及污染物的排放增加。
n. 欺骗，诡计
They accused him of weaving a web of lies and deceit . 他们指控他编织了一个满是谎言和欺诈的骗局。
adj. 宗教的；虔诚的；极其严谨的
The building is used for religious purposes. 这座建筑是用于宗教活动的。
n. 表演者，演员；表现…的人
She is compelling, spectral, fascinating, an unforgettably unique performer . 她的表演很有吸引力，如鬼魅一般，令人着迷，是一位令人难忘的、独特的演员。
v. 使涌来，使充满；泛滥 n. 暴雨，洪水；涌现的事物
It might be looked on more warmly if its members did not deluge people with invitations to join them. 如果那些会员不是总发邀请函给你的话，他们看起来会更加友好。
n. （数）系数
The humidity could change in the room and that could change the friction coefficient . 室内的湿度会随时变化，这对摩擦系数影响很大。
音频
捡单词动画
v. 剥夺，使丧失
A lot of children have been deprived of a normal home life because of war. 因为战争，许多孩子被剥夺了正常的家庭生活。
n. 婴儿期；幼年；初期
The luxury car market of this country is still in its infancy , and is far behind even that of emerging rivals like Russia. 这个国家的豪华车市场仍处于起步阶段，甚至远远落后于俄罗斯等其他新兴竞争市场。
v. 暗示，意味
Their failure to reply to our letter seems to imply a lack of interest. 他们没有回我们的信似乎暗示他们没有兴趣。
adj. 活跃的，生气勃勃的；动画（片）的
Early cinema programmes were a mixture of items, combining comic sketches, free-standing narratives, serial episodes and the occasional trick or animated film. 早期的电影短剧是许多项目的混合体，包括喜剧小品、独立叙事和连续的剧集，偶尔还有动画片特技。
adj. 直线的；线性的
Her novel subverts the conventions of linear narrative. It has no neat chronology and no tidy denouement. 她的小说颠覆了线性叙事的传统，没有清晰的时间线索，也没有简单明了的结局。
v. 避开，避免
Victims of the disease found themselves shunned by society. 这一疾病的受害者发现他们被社会遗弃了。
n. 快速查阅；扫描检查 v. 浏览；扫描
The photo-electric reader is capable of scanning characters at the rate of two thousand a second. 光电阅读器每秒钟能扫描两千字。
n. 努力；事业 v. 努力，尽力
With the help of the endeavour together, the gap between the parents and the children can be eliminated. 只有通过双方共同的努力，父母和孩子之间的代沟才能被消除。
v. 威吓；欺负；威胁
Nick didn't want to study law, but his father bullied him into it by threatening to cut off his allowance. 尼克本来不想学习法律，但是父亲用中断他的生活费用来威胁他。
v. 引用，引证
Studies of the sources cited in publications lead to a similar conclusion: the use of foreign-language sources is often found to be as low as 10 percent. 对出版物中所引原始资料的研究得出一个相似的结论：人们发现引用外语资料的情况低至10%。
adj. 巨人般的；巨大的
There are more and more gigantic skyscrapers in cosmopolitan cities all over the world. 越来越多的巨型摩天大楼出现在全球各地的国际化大都市中。
n. 混乱；动乱 v. 骚动；使紊乱
Too rich a diet will disorder your digestive system. 过分油腻的饮食会使你的消化系统失调。
adj. 勤勉的，用功的
The diligent reader should look into the script to understand what exactly is happening behind the scene. 勤勉的读者应该仔细研究这个脚本，以了解幕后究竟发生了什么。
n. 首字母 adj. 开始的；最初的
The new aircraft has performed very well in its initial trials. 这种新式飞机在最初几次试飞中表现良好。
n. 对手 adj. 对立的，敌对的
His rivals knew that they could expect no quarter from such a ruthless adversary . 他的竞争者明白，不能期望如此残忍的对手发善心。
v. 由…组成；存在于
The House of Commons is consisted of 658 members. 下议院由658名议员组成。
n. 营养；滋补品
Sugar gives quick relief to hunger but provides no lasting nourishment . 糖能快速缓解饥饿感，但不能提供持久的营养。
v. 拨给；挪用 adj. 合适的；适当的
The government has appropriated a large sum of money for building hospitals. 政府拨出了大笔款项修建医院。
n. 方面，方位；外观
They were royally received in every aspect . 他们在各个方面都受到了隆重接待。
n. 兽群；牧群 v. 放牧
Shepherds herd their flock of sheep along dusty roads just a few hundred meters from modern banks. 牧羊人在离现代化的银行短短几百米的、尘土飞扬的道路上放羊。
n. 附属建筑；附件 v. 强占；并吞
The outlying villages were formally annexed by the town last year. 那些偏远的村庄于去年正式被并入该镇。
v. 解释，说明；口译
Previously the only way to access people's dreams is for psychologists to ask about them after the event and try to interpret them. 在此之前，了解人类梦境的唯一途径就是在人们做梦之后通过心理学家向他们询问，然后试图对梦加以解释。
n. 刺激；激励；兴奋
Researchers say that social stimulation aids weight loss by converting white fat into brown. 研究者认为社交兴奋感可以把“白色脂肪”转化为“棕色脂肪”，从而有助于减肥。
adj. 无关紧要的；可忽略的；无意义的
The German cinema, relatively insignificant in the pre-war years, exploded on to the world scene after 1919. 战前的德国电影相对来说显得无足轻重，1919年后却在世界舞台上迅猛发展。
v. 表明，显露
Social tensions manifested in the recent political crisis. 最近的政治危机显露了社会的紧张关系。
n. 频率，发生次数
The frequency of riots rises dramatically as the weather gets warmer, hitting a peak around 27-30℃. 随着天气的变暖，最高温度达到27~30摄氏度，暴乱的频率也急剧增长。
n. 疏忽，忽视 v. 忽视；疏于照顾
The great importance of the quality of equipment for navigation should never be neglected . 导航设备的质量极为重要，绝不容忽视。
n. 手段；措施；量度 v. 测量，评估
In order to do this, we need to measure how much the ice surface elevation is changing from year to year. 要做到这些，我们需要测量冰块表面海拔的年度变化情况。
n. 准备；预备
The online model examination aims to enable students to assess their preparation for the written examinations. 在线模拟考试的目的在于帮助学生评估自己对笔试的准备情况。
adj. 积极的；精力旺盛的；有力的；健壮的
More than three quarters of men and 81 per cent of women did less than one 30-minute session of moderate or vigorous exercise per week. 超过四分之三的男性和81%的女性每周进行适度或高强度运动的时间不到30分钟。
adj. 战略的，战略上的
At this meeting, the two nations discussed with the most important, strategic issues in their economic relationship. 在本次会议期间，两国讨论了双方经济关系中最重要的战略问题。
v. 宣称；断言；辩护
He alleged that a press campaign was being waged against him. 他声称有人正在对他发起新闻攻势。
n. 结合，联合；合并；总和
The definition of any individual's role in any situation will be a combination of the role expectations that the members of the role set have of the focal role. 在任何情况下，个体角色的定义就是角色组内所有成员对焦点人物的角色期望的总和。
adj. 货币的，金钱的
Some countries have already tightened monetary policy to avoid inflation. 一些国家已经实行了紧缩的货币政策以避免通货膨胀。
v. 超过
The benefits of play must outweigh costs, or play would not have evolved, according to Darwin's theory. 根据达尔文的理论，玩乐的好处必须大于其代价，否则玩乐就不会得以进化。
v. 以物易物；讨价还价 n. 物物交易制度；用于易物的物品
The market-place and street were crowded with those who'd come to barter . 市场和街道上挤满了来进行物物交换的人。
adj. 合成的，复合的 v. 合成 n. 合成物，复合材料
Galton devised a method of creating composite pictures in which the features of different faces were superimposed over one another. 高尔顿发明了一种将不同脸的部位相互叠加而创作合成图片的方法。
n. 命令，指令；指挥部 v. 命令，下令；指挥；控制
He looked relaxed and totally in command of himself. 他看起来很轻松，有绝对的自信完全能控制住自己。
n. 曲线，弧线；弯道 v. （使）弯曲，（使）呈曲线形
The road curved around the bay. 那条路沿海湾呈曲线伸展。
adj. 提供有用信息的，增长见闻的
In addition to saving lives, informative speakers help people learn new skills, solve problems and acquire fascinating facts about the exciting world in which they live. 除了拯救生命之外，知识丰富的演讲者还帮助人们学习新技能，解决问题，了解自己身处的这个令人兴奋的世界上引人入胜的事情。
n. 风险项目，冒险行动 v. 冒险，敢于去（未知或危险等地方）
The only way of discovering the limits of the possible is to venture a little way past them into the impossible. 要发现某件事情是否可能的界限，唯一的途径是冒险跨越这个界限，从不可能跑到可能中去。
adj. 随后的，接着的
Prior knowledge and interest influence what we experience, what we think our experiences mean, and the subsequent actions we take. 之前的知识和兴趣会影响我们的经历、对这些经历的意义的想法以及随后所采取的行动。
adj. 竞争的；好竞争的
There's a popular supposition that we're publicly funded but the bulk of our money comes from competitive contracts. 人们普遍假设我们是受公共基金的资助，但我们大部分的资金是通过签订竞争性合同得到的。
v. 狼吞虎咽地吃；如饥似渴地阅读；吞噬
They devour web pages about everything from the weather to the latest high-tech gadget. 他们如饥似渴地阅读着网页上有关万物的一切信息，从天气到最新的高科技玩意，不一而足。
v. 交付，运送；（为摆脱而）把…置于
Because we cannot consign our nation to an open-ended recession. 因为我们不能听任我们的国家陷入无止境的衰退。
n. 可能性，希望；预期，展望 v. 勘探，勘察
Long-term prospects for the economy have improved. 长期的经济前景已有所改善。
v. 补充，补足 n. 补足物，衬托物
The green wallpaper is the perfect complement to the old pine of the dresser. 绿色的墙纸完美地衬托出衣橱那年代久远的松木。
n. 修改，修订；复习
From the profusion of electronic-text sites available, it looks as if this virtual library is here to stay unless a proposed revision to copyright law takes many publications out of the public domain. 从现有的大量电子文本网站来看，除非版权法的修订提案将许多出版物排除在公共领域之外，否则这个虚拟图书馆似乎将继续存在。
adj. 辅助的；备用的 n. 助手，辅助人员
Esperanto is an artificial language, designed to serve internationally as an auxiliary means of communication among speakers of different languages. 世界语是一种人造语言，目的是充当国际上不同语言使用者之间交流的辅助手段。
n. 家庭教师；导师 v. 指导，辅导
He said his grandmother hired a tutor to help him with his English. 他说他的祖母给他请了一位家教辅导他学习英语。
adj. 反复无常的；变幻莫测的
Influenza viruses are notoriously sloppy, unstable, and capricious . It is impossible to predict their behaviour. 流感病毒是随便的、不稳定的、多变的。不可能预测其行为。
v. 承认；认（输），承认（失败）
I can concede that a player's mental attitude can be the deciding factor in an event, for instance, a marathon running or even a less strenuous game such as chess. 我承认一个运动员的心态可能是一个赛事的决定因素，如马拉松赛跑，甚至是像国际象棋这样不那么激烈的比赛。
n. 礼貌，彬彬有礼 adj. 免费提供的；礼节性的
A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of courtesy helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. 对礼貌行为的友好点头或挥手表示感谢有助于创造带有善意的宽容氛围，这在现代交通条件下是非常必要的。
v. 安慰，慰藉
Console yourself with the thought that you did your best. 你可以安慰自己的是你已经尽了最大的努力。
adj. 笔直的；端正的 adv. 径直地; 马上；诚实地
What a shifty arguer he is, refusing ever to give a straight answer to the question. 他真是一个狡猾的辩手，一直拒绝对一个问题给予直接的回答。
n. 地基，基础；基金会; 建立
Students need to get a strong foundation in literary theory and criticism before I let them in the room. 学生们必须要有良好的文学理论和文学评论的基础，这样我才能让他们参加这门课程。
n. 腹部；胃 v. 鼓起，涨满
They crawled along on their bellies . 他们匍匐前进。
n. 横幅标语 v. 在（头版的）大字标题下刊登 adj. 极好的，出色的
Mr. Williams said he wasn't opposed to banner advertising but sounded unenthusiastic. 威廉姆斯先生说自己不反对横幅广告，但似乎也并不热衷于此。
n. 条件；境况；详情
Mood may be defined as a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied to any particular circumstance . 情绪可以被定义为一种短暂而温和的积极或消极的感觉，它是泛化的，不受任何特定环境的约束。
n. 偶遇；经历 v. 遭遇；偶遇
On the path of pursuing knowledge, the teachers we encounter may have a lifelong impact on us. 在追求知识的道路上，我们遇到的老师可能会对我们的一生产生影响。
v. 分析，细察；分解，化验
You have to prioritise, so indicate the main problems, and then you analyse each one by connecting it with a theory .你必须分清轻重缓急，所以要指出主要的问题，然后通过与理论的联系分析每一个问题。
v. 搽粉；撒粉 n. 粉，粉末
A list of rules pinned to a board instructs tea-pickers not to keep long fingernails or to powder their faces; smoking is banned. 一块板子上写着一系列规定，要求采茶者不得蓄长指甲，不得在脸上搽粉；严禁吸烟。
n. 预言之事，预报之事；预测
Environmentalists' prediction that the world's Merrick population would decline as a result of the spill has proven unfounded. 环保人士曾预测，石油泄漏将导致世界梅里克地区人口减少，但事实证明这一预测毫无根据。
v. 对付，处理
Never before has the industry had to cope with war and recession at the same time. 企业以前从来没有同时应付过战争和经济衰退。
n. 象征，标志；符号
Later in this same passage Yeats resumes his argument for the Rose as an Irish symbol . 后来在这同一篇文章里，叶芝再次提到把玫瑰作为爱尔兰象征的观点。
v. （使）汇聚，集中；趋同；（数）收敛
Speeches delivered by Mr. Dewar and Mr. Wallace indicated their views were converging . 杜瓦先生和华莱士先生发表的讲话表明他们的观点越来越接近了。
v. 缓冲；减轻…的影响 n. 垫子，坐垫；起缓解作用的东西
Get to the point and don't try to cushion the blow or beat around the bush. 有话直说，不要试图缓冲打击或拐弯抹角。
v. 抵制，拒绝参加 n. 抵制行动
We are asking people to boycott goods from companies that use child labour. 我们正呼吁大家抵制雇用童工的公司的产品。
n. 能力，才能；容积 adj. 无虚席的，满场的
Too much spending on rearmament would place an insupportable burden on the nation's productive capacity . 过于庞大的重整军备开支会给国家的生产力带来难以承受的负担。
n. 提拔，晋升；促销，推销
His promotion has provoked much discussion among us. 他的晋升引起了大伙儿沸沸扬扬的议论。
v. 通勤，上下班往返 n. 通勤
A bicycle lane would encourage them to use bicycles to commute , and so would reduce rush-hour traffic rather than fostering an increase. 一条自行车道会鼓励他们骑自行车上下班，这样会减少高峰时间的交通，而不是促进交通量增长。
v. 认为，相信
She deemed it prudent not to say anything. 她认为什么都不说是谨慎的。
adj. 批判的；关键的；危急的
Wall Street analysts have been highly critical of the company's seeming inability to control costs. 华尔街的分析家们对该公司似乎无力控制成本一事一直批评甚多。
v. 强调，着重；使突出（或明显）
Some speakers, if they're reading from a complete text, underline the words they want to emphasize . 有些演讲者在朗读整篇文章时，会在他们想要强调的单词下面划线。
n. 轻视，蔑视；忽视
The complainant has been exposed to public odium, scandal, and contempt . 原告遭到了公众的憎恶、流言和蔑视。
adj. 灵巧的；机敏的；敏捷熟练的
The director employs sensuous, atmospheric camerawork and deft dramatic touches. 导演使用了刺激感官、营造气氛的拍摄技巧和极富戏剧性的巧妙手法。
v. 妥协，让步；危及 n. 折中，妥协；妥协方案
He gave no indication that he was ready to compromise . 他没有流露出打算妥协的迹象。
v. 为…提供住宿；容纳，提供空间；适应
The roads are built to accommodate gradual temperature changes. 这些道路是为适应气温的逐渐变化而建的。
n. 委员会
The committee will need time to assimilate this report. 委员会需要时间来理解这个报告。
v. 放下；储蓄；存放 n. 订金；押金
You will lose your deposit if you cancel the order. 如果撤销订单，保证金将不予退还。
v. 使确信，使信服；说服，劝服
I have managed to convince myself that if it weren't for my job I would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. 我设法说服自己，如果不是为了我的工作，我会立即前往空旷的地方，在坐落于乡间的寂静村庄里回归自然。
v. （使）压缩，（使）收缩；限制，约束
The drug causes blood vessels to constrict , and may prevent blood from reaching vital organs. 药物导致血管收缩，阻止血液到达重要脏器。
n. 简洁，简短；短暂，短促
To sum up, I've mentioned several key points in becoming a successful public speaker, such as good preparation, audience awareness and brevity . 综上所述，我提到了成为一名成功的演说家的几个关键点，比如做好准备、有观众意识、简洁。
v. 抓住，抱紧；黏附，粘住
As much as we would like to cling on to our past, even the saddest moments can be washed away with time. 尽管我们很想抓住过去不放，但即使是最悲伤的时刻也会被时间冲淡。
v. 领导（参加）运动，从事竞选活动 n. （有计划的）活动；战役
Above all, we intend to campaign for the universal adoption of sustainable and equitable lifestyles. 最重要的是，我们打算为可持续和平等生活方式的普及进行宣传。
adj. 令人尴尬的；难对付的
One by one they came forward, mumbled grudging words of welcome, made awkward obeisances. 他们挨个儿走上前去，咕哝出几句欢迎词，尴尬地鞠躬致礼。
adj. 过敏的，易受影响的；灵敏的
Her rather tough and worldly exterior hides a very soft and sensitive heart. 她那相当坚强而世故的外表下掩藏着一颗非常柔软敏感的心。
v. 作好准备；支撑，加固 n. 支撑物；牙箍
Overhead, the lights showed the old timbers, used to brace the roof. 在头顶上，光线照射出支撑屋顶的旧木头。
v. 控制，抑制 n. 控制，抑制；马路牙子
If patients pay very little out of their own pockets, they have little desire to curb consumption. 如果病人自掏腰包支付的钱很少，他们就不会有遏制消费的意愿。
adj. 休闲的；随便的 n. 便服，便装
People wear slacks, sweaters, flat shoes, and all manner of casual attire for travel. 人们旅行时穿宽松长裤、运动衫、平底鞋和各式休闲服装。
adj. 隐蔽的，秘密的 n. 隐藏处
As the individual matures, that overt talking to oneself becomes covert talking to oneself, but thinking still shows up as a habit. 随着个体的成熟，公开的自言自语变成了隐蔽的自言自语，但思考仍然表现为一种习惯。
n. 纸巾，面巾纸；（动物或植物的细胞）组织
Once gangrene has developed, the tissue is dead, and the only hope is to contain the damage. 一旦出现坏疽，组织就会坏死，那么唯一的希望就是抑制其损害。
n. 受益者，受惠人 adj. 拥有封地的，受圣俸的
The trustee must manage the trust property for the beneficiary . 受托人对受益人负有信托义务。
n. 安慰，起安慰作用的人
Her appointment was seen as a consolation prize after she lost the election. 她的任命被认为是对她落选的安慰。
adj. 自满的，自鸣得意的
We must not become complacent about progress. 我们决不能因进步变得自满。
adj. 天空的，天上的
Galileo's observations of Jupiter's satellites showed that the Ptolemaic theory of the motion of celestial bodies is false. 伽利略对木星卫星的观察表明，托勒密关于天体运动的理论是错误的。
adj. 杰出的；异常的；特别的
The university provides students with an exceptional learning atmosphere. 这所大学为学生提供优质的学习环境。
v. 退化
His health is degenerating rapidly. 他的身体状况每况愈下。
v. 理解；包括
We know about our world because we've interacted with it, and only by simulating this interaction in our heads can we comprehend the behaviour of someone else. 我们了解我们的世界，因为我们在与之交互，并且仅当我们在大脑中模拟这些交互时，我们才能理解其他人的行为。
n. 洞；空穴；腔
The heart is located roughly in the centre of the chest cavity . It is surrounded by a protective membrane, the pericardium. 心脏大致位于胸腔的中央。它被一个保护膜（即心包膜）所包围。
n. 两者选一 adj. 可供选择的；可供替代的
If you don't like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing your own. 要是不喜欢学校准备的午餐，你可以自己带饭。
adj. 依赖的；从属的
The local economy is overwhelmingly dependent on oil and gas extraction. 当地经济过于依赖石油和天然气的开采。
n. 调准；校准
Calibration tests are standard procedures applied to sensors not eliminated by screening tests. 校准试验是对筛选试验中未被淘汰的传感器进行试验的标准测试程序。
n. 十年，十年期
In the space of a few decades , tourism has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today. 近几十年来，旅游业已成为当今世界最主要的文化和经济力量之一。
adj. 舒适温暖的；亲切友好的；安逸的
We spent a cozy evening chatting by the fire. 我们在炉火旁聊天，度过了一个安逸的夜晚。
n. 伤亡；受害
Small shops have been a casualty of the recession. 小商店在经济萧条中深受其害。
adj. 密集的；浓厚的
Warm water is less dense than cold water, so it would not spread downwards. 温水比冷水的密度小，所以温水不会向下扩散。
n. 喧闹，吵闹；叫喊 v. 喧哗
Everyone was clamouring to know how much they would get. 大家都吵闹着想知道他们能得到多少。
n. 狂欢节；饮宴狂欢
Caroline who had moved to a new area was asked by a neighbour to join a committee planning the local summer carnival . 卡罗琳搬到了一个新地方，她的邻居邀请她参加一个筹划当地夏季狂欢节的委员会。
adj. 管理的，行政的
Administrative staff may be deskilled through increased automation and efficiency. 随着自动化程度和效率提高，行政人员可能不再需要专业技能。
adv. 根本上，彻底地
According to this line of thought, the verbal abilities that blossom in the two year old allow events to be coded in a form radically different from the action-based codes of the infant. 根据这个思路，两岁的儿童发展出的语言能力可以使他们对事件的组织方式与婴儿基于动作的组织方式有根本的差异。
n. 选举票；投票；票数
With a huge worldwide television audience tuning in and the Hollywood elite in attendance, the ballot process of the film prize requires complete secrecy. 由于全球有大量电视观众收看颁奖实况，而且有很多好莱坞精英出席典礼，因此这一电影奖项的投票过程要求完全保密。
adj. 体谅的；体贴的；深思熟虑的
One of the most important things is to be considerate of your co-workers’ feelings and needs. 最重要的事情之一是要体谅同事的感觉和需要。
adv. 开始，最初
It is an almost universal truth that the more we are promoted in a job, the less we actually exercise the skills we initially used to perform it. 一个几乎普遍的真理是，工作上提升得越高，我们最初的那些工作技能实际上就用得越少。
v. 许可，同意 n. 许可；特许；执照
However, live vaccines can be shed and infect non-vaccinated subjects, making them difficult to licence . 然而，活疫苗容易传染给未接种的人，因此这类疫苗很难获得批准。
v. 刁难，使恼怒 n. 恶意；不顾；不由自主地
They are being provocative and controversial just to spite us. 他们这样挑衅和争论就是要故意刁难我们。
n. 隔离；孤独
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation , more families are choosing to live together. 由于年轻人无力离家，老人又有被孤立的危险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。
adj. 仁慈的，富有同情心的
The compassionate judge gave the young offender a light sentence. 仁慈的法官从轻判处了那个年轻罪犯。
n. 限制，约束
The swimming club is open to families in the neighbourhood without restriction . 这个游泳俱乐部对邻近地区的家庭开放，没有限制。
n. 研究生 adj. 大学毕业后的；研究生的
The university has two halls of residence for its postgraduate students. 这所大学有两个研究生宿舍。
v. 递送；发表（一篇演说等）；交付
Carbon monoxide, for example, competes with oxygen in red blood cells and interferes with the blood's ability to deliver life-giving oxygen to the heart. 例如，一氧化碳会和氧气抢夺血红细胞，还会影响血液为心脏提供维持生命所需的氧气的能力。
v. 拥护，提倡 n. 拥护者；辩护律师
Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. 很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
v. 操作；经营；动手术
The surgeon operated on her for appendicitis. 外科医生给她做了阑尾切除手术。
n. 口授；听写
The new secretary takes dictation very well. 那位新秘书善于记录口授。
adj. 有缺陷的；有错误的
Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. 地震中的大多数死亡都是由于建筑施工不当或建筑工地质量差造成的。
adj. 向后的；相反的 adv. 向后地；相反地
In reaction to the backward discharge of bullets, the gun, and hence the boat, moves forwards. 枪发射子弹所引起的后作用力使得船驶向前方。
v. 管制；调节；校准
Accidents sometimes happen even in the best regulated families. 即便管理最好的家庭也会发生事故。
v. 陪伴；伴奏
Each such innovation has been accompanied by a period of fear mixed with exhilaration. 每一个这样的创新都伴随着一段时间的恐惧和兴奋交织的复杂感受。
n. 离题；脱轨
The audience cried the speaker down as soon as he started on a third digression . 当发言人第三次离题时，听众就把他轰下台了。
n. 委托事项；许诺；承担义务
The company's commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success. 这家公司保证供货质优价廉的承诺对它的成功起了决定性作用。
v. 困扰
The discussions were beset with difficulties. 会谈困难重重。
adj. 热忱的；诚恳的；友好的 n. 兴奋剂；补品
Britain and Portugal have had cordial relations for more than four centuries. 英国和葡萄牙四个多世纪以来都保持着友好关系。
n. 背面；相反（的情况） adj. 相反的 v. 颠倒；倒转
Men are generally supposed to be strong, but most women know that the reverse is often true. 人们通常认为男人坚强，但大多数女人都知道实际的情况往往相反。
n. 混合；混合物，混合剂
A mixture of skill and good luck decided the outcome of the game. 技术和运气结合在一起决定了比赛的结果。
v. 包含，容纳；容忍
The exhibition contains some of his best work to date. 这个展览有他迄今为止一些最好的作品。
v. 召集，召唤；集合
The chairman convened the committee to put the issue to a vote. 主席召集委员们开会对这个问题进行表决。
v. 向…行贿；诱哄 n. 贿赂
The bank official was bribed into handing over secret information. 那位银行官员被收买交出了机密。
n. 欺骗；诡计
He was accused of obtaining properties by deception . 他被指控骗取钱财。
v. 巩固；合并
Several small companies decided to consolidate to form a large company for their further development. 几个小公司为了今后的发展决定合并起来组成一个大公司。
v. 拖欠；违约；不履行责任 n. 违约
He defaulted in his payments on the loan. 他没有按期偿还贷款。
v. 自夸，夸耀 n. 夸耀，自吹自擂
She is always boasting about how wonderful her children are. 她总是夸耀她的孩子们多么出色。
adj. 善于分析的；分析的
Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success. 施特恩伯格指出，传统的测试最能评估分析能力和语言技能，但却无法衡量创造力和实践知识，而这些也是解决问题和实现成功的关键因素。
adj. 光秃的；单调的；枯燥的
Because of over-polluted, the mountain is bald without any trees or plants. 因为过度污染，这座山光秃秃的，没有任何树或植被。
v. 流血；失血
If you cut your finger, it will bleed . 如果你割破手指，它就会流血。
n. （枪等的）口径；（人或事的）品质；才能
Ultimately, the success of every enterprise depends on the calibre of its directors and the effectiveness of its board. 任何一家公司的成败最终都取决于公司董事的才能和董事会能否有效发挥其职能。
adj. 一致的；符合的；协调的
The quality of this suit isn't quite consonant with its price. 这套衣服的质量和价钱并不十分相符。
adj. 强制的；义务的；必修的
Is English a compulsory subject? 英语是必修科目吗？
v. 同意，赞成 n. 许可，允许
The board was unable to consent to this request this morning. 董事会今天早上无法答应这些请求。
v. 抱怨；控诉，诉说
If you are complaining, the law of attraction will bring into your life more situations for you to complain about. 如果你常抱怨，吸引力法则就会把更多让你抱怨的事情带入你的生活。
v. 占用；占据；任职
The artificial Earth Satellites occupy a peculiar intermediate position between science and technology. 人造地球卫星是介于科学和技术界之间的一个独特领域。
v. 安慰，安抚；赢得；调和，调解，调停
After 1951 Winston Churchill and his Conservative successors protected the welfare state, maintained full employment, and conciliated the trade unions. 1951年后，温斯顿·丘吉尔和他保守党的继任者一起保护英国这个福利国家，维持零失业率并安抚工会。
adj. 听觉的；气味的；香味的
You can use these tapes as aural material. 你可以把这些磁带当作听力材料。
adj. 建筑方面的；与建筑物相似的
Architectural morphology is the study of how shifting cultural and environmental conditions produce changes in an architectural form. 建筑形态学是研究不断变化的文化和环境条件如何使建筑形式发生变化的学科。
adj. 庞大的；笨重的
Some aircrafts are designed to carry bulky freight or vehicles. 有些飞机被设计用来运载体积庞大的货物或车辆。
v. 依赖，依靠；信赖
Many animals rely on concealment for protection. 许多动物靠藏匿自己来避害。
v. 去除；散发；脱落 n. 棚；车库
The company yesterday shed a sixth of its workforce. 该公司昨天削减了六分之一的劳动力。
v. 把…作为目标；瞄准 n. 目标，对象
The university will reach its target of 5,000 students next September. 这所大学将于下个九月达到在校学生5,000人的目标。
v. 阻塞 n. 块；街区
The British government used its veto to block the proposal. 英国政府行使其否决权阻止了这项提案。
v. 急速增长；萌芽 n. 芽，嫩芽
When spring is coming all trees began to burgeon . 春天到来的时候所有的树木开始发芽。
n. 显著的特点，特性
The study found that some alcoholics had clear personality traits showing up early in childhood. 研究发现一些酗酒者在童年早期就显现出鲜明的人格特征。
v. 完成；使达到极点 adj. 造诣极高的；完美的
He acted the part with consummate skill. 他以精湛的演技饰演了这一角色。
adj. 狡猾的；精明的
At first glance it may look like a fearsome snake but this creature is actually a small caterpillar with a cunning means of defence. 第一眼看上去可能会以为这种生物是条可怕的蛇，但实际上它是一只精心自我防护的小毛毛虫。
adj. 完整无缺的；尚未被人碰过的
Newspapers buried 20 or more years previously usually remained perfectly legible, and a remarkable amount of food wastes of similar age also remained intact . 埋了20余年的报纸字体通常仍清晰可辨，而且与其时期相近的相当多的食物残渣也保存完好。
v. （使）弯曲；（使）倾斜；歪曲（事实）；屈从 n. 拐弯，弯道；（身体的）弯曲
The supports under the bridge were starting to bend . 桥下的支柱开始弯曲。
v. 采用；收养
After much deliberation, the president decided to adopt her suggestion. 总经理再三考虑之后，决定采纳她的建议。
v. 混合 n. 混合物，化合物 adj. 复合的，混合的
Both situations can be tough to handle but to compound them at the exact same time that was a real hard. 这两种情况每一个都是很难处理的，当它们同时出现的时候，简直太难了！
v. 散播，传播；漫射 adj. 散开的；弥漫的
Scientists have assumed that heat diffused into the sea from the atmosphere. 科学家们推断热量从空气中扩散到大海中。