Lesson 6

预 备测验

第 一部分

comedy [ˈkɒmədi]

n. 喜剧；喜剧表演

例 She’s a director well-known for serious films but her latest is a comedy . 她是一位以拍摄严肃电影而著名的导演，但她的最新作品却是一部喜剧。

comment [ˈkɒment]

n. 意见，评论 〈 同 remark〉

例 Janet has received both favourable and unfavourable comments on her work. 珍妮特的工作既得到了正面的评价，也得到了负面的评价。

联 commentator n. 评论员；讲解员

commission [kəˈmɪʃn]

vt. 委任，任命；委托 〈 同 authorise〉

例 The rich old man commissioned a sculptor to make a sculpture of Venus. 那位富有的老先生委托一位雕刻家制作一尊维纳斯的雕像。

n. 佣金；回扣

例 The salesman was paid by commission , not by monthly salary. 销售员是拿佣金，而不是领月薪。

联 commissioner n. 委员，专员

commit [kəˈmɪt]

vt. 犯 (错误) ，干 (坏事)

例 The police do not know who committed the robberies. 警方不知道这几起抢劫案是谁干的。

联 commitment n. 信奉；许诺，委托事项

committee [kəˈmɪti]

n. 委员会

例 How many members are there on the finance committee ? 这个财政委员会共有多少名成员？

communication [kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn]

n. 沟通；通信

例 Bill has had no communication with his brother for 10 years. 十年来，比尔与他弟弟之间没有任何联系。

联 communicate v. 交流，沟通；communication satellite 通信卫星

compare [kəmˈpeə(r)]

v. 比较；对比

例 The teacher compared the two historical events. 老师将两个历史事件进行了对比。

联 comparison n. 比较；对照

compel [kəmˈpel]

vt. 强迫，使必须 〈 同 force〉

例 Our conscience compelled us to turn the money we had found over to the authorities. 良心促使我们将捡到的钱交给了有关部门。

记 com (共同)＋pel (推)→共同推→强迫

联 compelling adj. 令人信服的；引人入胜的

competent [ˈkɒmpɪtənt]

adj. 有能力的；能胜任的 〈 同 capable〉

例 I wouldn’t say he was brilliant but he is competent at his job. 我之前并不认为他很有才华，但他对自己的工作很在行。

联 competence n. 能力；胜任

competition [ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn]

n. 竞争；竞赛 〈 同 contest〉

例 The best students in the class were in competition with each other to see who would get the highest grade. 班里最优秀的几名学生相互竞争，都想要看看谁能得到最高分。

联 competitive adj. 竞争的

第 二部分

complex [ˈkɒmpleks]

adj. 错综复杂的；费解的 〈 同 intricate〉

例 The experiment was very complex and involved a series of scientific methods. 这个实验很复杂，其中涉及一系列的科学方法。

n. 综合大楼；复合体

例 A new shopping and leisure complex is being built on the edge of town. 在城市近郊，正在建造一座新的综合休闲购物中心。

记 com＋plex (重叠交叉)→重叠交叉在一起的→错综复杂的

联 complexity n. 复杂 (性)

complicated [ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd]

adj. 费解的；难处理的；结构复杂的 〈 同 intricate; circuitous〉

例 Metabolism consists of a complicated series of chemical reactions carried out by living cells. 新陈代谢是由活细胞进行的一系列复杂的化学反应构成的。

记 来自complicate (使错综复杂)

联 complication n. 【医】并发症；使复杂化的问题

compose [kəmˈpəʊz]

vt. ① 作曲 〈 同 write〉

例 Mozart composed more than fifty symphonies. 莫扎特谱写了50多首交响曲。

② 由…组成 (be) composed of 〈 同 (be) made up of〉

例 The committee is composed of politicians from all parties. 这个委员会由来自各党派的政治家们组成。

联 recompose vt. 改编；重新构图

compound [ˈkɒmpaʊnd]

n. 化合物；混合物 〈 同 mixture〉

例 The water bottles are made from a new compound of plastics. 这种水壶由一种新型复合塑料制成。

记 com (一起) ＋pound (放)→放在一起→混合物

adj. 复合的

例 The compound sentence contains three clauses. 这个复合句包含三个从句。

comprehensive [ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv]

adj. 全部的；综合的 〈 同 inclusive〉

例 This book provides a comprehensive review of verbal and math skills for the GRE. 这本书综合论述了GRE考试的语言技能与数学技能。

记 com＋prehens (抓住) ＋ive→全部抓住的→全部的

联 comprehensible adj. 易于理解的

compress [kəmˈpres]

vt. 压缩；浓缩 〈 同 compact; concentrate〉

例 She compressed the package under her arm. 她把包裹压小，夹在腋下。

联 compression n. 浓缩；压缩；compressible adj. 可压缩的；可压榨的

comprise [kəmˈpraɪz]

vt. 包含；由…组成 〈 同 consist of〉

例 The committee is comprised of seven people. 委员会由七个人组成。

compromise [ˈkɒmprəmaɪz]

n. 妥协；折中 〈 同 concession〉

例 The union chief was willing to reach a compromise on wages but he was intractable when it came to working conditions. 工会主席愿意就工资问题妥协，但在涉及工作环境的问题上，他却非常强硬。

记 com＋promise (保证)→相互保证→妥协

conceal [kənˈsiːl]

vt. 隐藏；隐瞒 〈 同 hide〉

例 He tried to conceal his identity by disguising his voice. 他试图通过伪装自己的嗓音来隐藏身份。

concede [kənˈsiːd]

v. 承认 〈 同 acknowledge〉

例 Despite all the evidence Janet had assembled, Bob refused to concede that she was right. 虽然珍妮特收集了大量证据，但鲍勃仍不承认她是对的。

第 三部分

concentrate [ˈkɒnsntreɪt]

v. 集中注意力；专心 〈 同 centralise〉

例 The police are concentrating their search in the area where the missing child was last seen. 警方将搜查范围集中在那个失踪的孩子最后被看见的区域。

联 concentration n. 集中；专心；concentrated adj. 集中的；浓缩的

concession [kənˈseʃn]

n. ① 让步；妥协

例 Mum does not allow me to play my trumpet in the house, but as a concession I’m allowed to play it in the garage. 妈妈禁止我在屋子里吹喇叭，不过作为让步，她允许我在车库里吹。

② (商业) 特许权 〈 同 licence〉

例 She owns the restaurant concession that sells food in the public park. 她拥有在公园销售食物的餐厅特许经营权。

记 由concede而来，con (一起) ＋cede (走，承认)→同意一起走→让步

concrete [ˈkɒŋkriːt]

n. 混凝土

例 Dams vary in size from small rock barriers to concrete structures hundreds of feet high. 水坝的规模大小不一，既有小型的岩石屏障，也有数百英尺高的混凝土结构的大坝。

adj. 具体的；实在的 〈 同 tangible〉

例 Bill prefers concrete facts to abstract ideas. 比起抽象的理念，比尔更喜欢具体的事实。

condemn [kənˈdem]

vt. 谴责 〈 同 blame〉

例 The principal condemned smoking by students at school. 校长谴责学生在学校吸烟的行为。

记 con (共同)＋demn (＝damn 诅咒)→大家诅咒→谴责

联 condemnation n. 谴责

confess [kənˈfes]

v. 坦白； 承认（错误等） 〈 同 acknowledge〉

例 Janet confessed that she had told a lie. 珍妮特承认自己撒了谎。

联 confession n. 承认；供状

confident [ˈkɒnfɪdənt]

adj. 有信心的，自信的 〈 同 assured〉

例 Tom does not seem confident when he speaks in public. 汤姆在公共场合说话时，似乎不够自信。

记 con＋fid (相信) ＋ent→相信(自己)→自信的

联 confidence n. 信心；overconfident adj. 过于自信的；自负的

confine [kənˈfaɪn]

vt. 限制 〈 同 limit〉

例 Please confine your comments to the topic assigned. 请在指定的主题范围内作评论。

联 confining adj. 狭窄的；confinement n. 监禁；禁闭

confirm [kənˈfɜːm]

vt. 证实；使坚定 〈 同 verify, corroborate〉

例 Years of research confirmed the theory that smoking is harmful. 多年的研究证实了吸烟有害健康的理论。

联 confirmation n. 确认，证实；confirmable adj. 可以确定的

conflict [ˈkɒnflɪkt]

n. 争论；冲突 〈 同 fight〉

例 Many citizens were killed in an armed conflict with a neighbouring country. 许多平民在与邻国的武装冲突中丧生。

联 conflicting adj. 相冲突的，相矛盾的

confront [kənˈfrʌnt]

vt. (使) 面对；正视 〈 同 face〉

例 If you confront your problems honestly and openly, instead of trying to hide them, you will have a better chance of solving them. 如果你真诚地、坦率地面对问题，而不是试图隐藏它们，你就更有机会解决这些问题。

记 con (共同)＋front (面，前面)→共同面对→(使)面对；正视

联 confrontation n. 对抗

第 四部分

confuse [kənˈfjuːz]

vt. 混淆；使糊涂 〈 同 mix up〉

例 The teacher’s question confused him. 老师的问题令他迷惑不解。

联 confusion n. 混乱；混淆

congress [ˈkɒŋɡres]

n. 国会；议会

例 Congress has rejected the recent presidential proposal on firearms. 国会驳回了总统最近提出的关于武器问题的提案。

联 congressional adj. 国会的；congressman n. 国会议员

conjunction [kənˈdʒʌŋkʃn]

n. 连同，与…一起；同时发生

例 There is a team of writers working in conjunction with each other on the book. 有一批作家正在齐心协力完成这本书。

conquer [ˈkɒŋkə(r)]

vt. 征服；战胜；克服 〈 同 defeat〉

例 Bill finally conquered his bad habit of laughing during sad movies. 比尔最终克服了在看悲剧电影时大笑的坏习惯。

conquest [ˈkɒŋkwest]

n. 征服

例 The country’s wild ambition for the conquest of the world made all of its neighbours nervous. 这个国家征服世界的野心令所有周边国家非常紧张。

conscience [ˈkɒnʃəns]

n. 良心；良知

例 My conscience made me help the poor old lady. 出于良知，我帮助了那位贫困的老妇人。

联 conscientious adj. 尽职尽责的

conscious [ˈkɒnʃəs]

adj. ① 有意识的，神志清醒的 〈 同 awake〉

例 I fainted briefly but was conscious again in a few seconds. 我突然晕倒，但在几秒钟之后又恢复了意识。

② 意识到的 〈 同 aware〉

例 Human should be more conscious of the influence they have on ecosystems. 人类应该更加意识到自己对生态系统的影响。

记 con (共同)＋sci (知道)＋ous→知道的→有意识的

联 consciousness n. 意识；知觉；unconscious adj. 不省人事的；未发觉的，无意识的；subconscious adj. 潜意识的

consequence [ˈkɒnsɪkwəns]

n. 结果；后果 〈 同 result〉

例 I missed the bus this morning and as a consequence I was late for work. 我今天早上没有赶上公共汽车，结果上班迟到了。

联 consequent adj. 作为结果的；随之发生的；consequently adv. 从而，因此

conservation [ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn]

n. 保存；保持；保护；节约 〈 同 preservation〉

例 The government encourages the conservation of natural gas. 政府鼓励大家节约使用天然气。

联 conservationist n. 自然资源保护主义者

conservative [kənˈsɜːvətɪv]

adj. 保守的；谨慎的；守旧的 〈 同 cautious〉

例 The builder’s conservative estimate of the time required to remodel the kitchen was six weeks. 施工人员保守估计改造厨房需要六周时间。

记 con＋serv(e) (保持) ＋ative→保守的

联 conservatism n. 保守主义，守旧性

综 合复习