下载掌阅APP，畅读海量书库
立即打开
1.尽管多年来国内外学术界对肝衰竭的定义和分类等多个问题存在不同的看法，但近年来对肝衰竭的命名、分型和临床诊断方面的认识已逐渐趋于一致。
2.乙型肝炎重症化是指轻症（轻、中度炎症）乙型肝炎患者肝组织在短期内出现大块、亚大块坏死，引起肝细胞功能进行性严重受损，导致机体代谢紊乱，引发继发性多器官功能障碍，表现出进展性的以凝血功能障碍和黄疸、肝性脑病、腹水为主要表现的临床症候群的动态过程。
3.乙型重型肝炎发生、发展的自然史主要受宿主因素（如性别、年龄、诱发因素、基础疾病等）和病毒学因素（如病毒基因型、病毒变异、病毒复制等）两个方面因素的影响；根据主要临床指标（如凝血酶原活动度等），可分为早、中、晚三期；抗病毒治疗和人工肝支持等综合治疗对其结局和预后有积极的影响。
4.近年来，对乙型肝炎重症化发病机制的研究主要集中在乙型肝炎病毒学、宿主免疫学、遗传学等方面；目前尚缺乏可早期预示乙型肝炎重症化发生、发展的敏感、可靠的指标；早期抗病毒治疗已成为阻止乙型肝炎重症化的重要手段，免疫调节与肝细胞损伤修复有望成为新的有效的干预方法。
1.Although the definition and classification of liver failurehave differed，a consensushas been reached regarding the naming，typing and clinical diagnosis of liver failure.
2.Severe exacerbation ofhepatitis B refers to massive and submassive necrosis in the livers of HBV infected patients with mild or moderate inflammation，taking place over a short period of time and leading to progressive damage of liver function，metabolic disorders，and secondary multiple organ failure.Clinical manifestations include progressive disturbances in blood coagulation，jaundice，hepatic encephalopathy and ascites.
3.The naturalhistory of severehepatitis B is mainly influenced byhost factors，including gender，age，inducing factors，and underlying diseases，and by virological factors，including virus genotype，viral mutation，and viral replication.Severehepatitis B can be divided into early，middle and late stages according to major clinical indicators，e.g.prothrombin activity.Antiviral treatment and artificial liver support is beneficial to clinical outcomes and prognosis.
4.Recent research on the pathologic mechanism of severehepatitis Bhas focused primarily on virology，host immunology，and genetics.No sensitive，reliable early warning parametershave been found to predict the development of severehepatitis B.Early antiviral treatmenthas become an important means to prevent severehepatitis B.Immune regulation and repair of liver cell damage are expected to become effective intervention measures.