Lesson 3

G roup 10: am=love;friendly“爱；友好的”

amateur [ˈæmətə（r）]

n. 业余爱好者

解 someone who pursues a study or sport as a pastime

例 This painting is the work of an amateur;it shows very little skill. 这幅画是一位业余爱好者的作品，几乎没有什么技巧。

enamoured [ɪˈnæməd]

adj. 倾心于，迷恋

解 in love with sb.

例 The princess was enamoured with the boy because of his passionate love letters. 公主因为男孩给她写的一些热情洋溢的情书而倾心于他。

近 enamel n. 搪瓷；珐琅

glamorous [ˈɡlæmərəs]

adj. 富有魅力的，迷人的

解 full of glamour;fascinating

例 She thought becoming a fashion model would be glamorous. 她觉得成为一名时尚模特很令人向往。

amity [ˈæməti]

n. 友好

解 peace and friendship;a friendly relationship

例 If there were amity between nations,there would be no wars. 如果国家与国家之间都相互友好，就不会有战争了。

amenity [əˈmiːnəti]

n. 舒适，宜人

解 pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions

例 We went to Hawaii to enjoy the amenity of a warm climate. 我们去了夏威夷，享受舒适宜人的温暖气候。

近 amnesty n. 大赦，赦免

构 am（=to love）+en（=nature of）+ity

amiable [ˈeɪmiəbl]

adj. 和蔼的，亲切的

解 pleasant and friendly

例 She has such an amiable personality that everyone can get along with her. 她的性格和蔼可亲，每个人都能与她和睦相处。

同 amiability n. 和蔼可亲，友善

amicable [ˈæmɪkəbl]

adj. 友好的，心平气和的

解 characterized by friendship and goodwill

例 The marriage ended in an amicable divorce. 这段婚姻最终以和平分手而告终。

构 am（=to love）+ic（=nature of）+able

G roup 11: ambi,amphi=both“两个，两种”

ambiguous [æmˈbɪɡjuəs]

adj. 模棱两可的，含糊的

解 having more than one possible meaning

例 The language of poetry cannot be too ambiguous;by nature,it relies on specific,concrete expressions to convey the essence of a feeling. 诗歌的语言不能太含糊不清；从本质上来讲，它依靠确切、具体的表述来表达情感的本质。

同 unambiguous adj. 清楚的；ambiguity n. 模棱两可，含糊不清

ambivalent [æmˈbɪvələnt]

adj. （对人或物）有矛盾情绪的

解 characterized by a mixture of opposite feelings or attitudes

例 At one moment,she seemed fascinating to me,at the next,a little short of revolting;I found it hard to understand my own ambivalent reactions. 在这一刻，我似乎对她很着迷，而在下一刻，我似乎对她又有点厌恶；我发现我很难理解自己这种矛盾的反应。

同 ambivalence n. 矛盾心理

构 ambi（=both）+val（=worth）+ent

ambidextrous [ˌæmbiˈdekstrəs]

adj. 双手灵巧的，左右开弓的

解 equally skillful with each hand

例 As an ambidextrous person,she had no problem using chopsticks with her right or left hands. 她是一个双手都灵巧的人，用左右手拿筷子都没问题。

近 dexterity n. 纯熟，灵巧；index n. 索引

构 ambi（=both）+dextr（=right hand）+ous

amphibian [æmˈfɪbiən]

n. 两栖动物

解 cold-blooded vertebrate typically living on land but breeding in water

例 Amphibians are very versatile creatures,being able to live in water or on land. 两栖动物都有着多种本领，既能在水里生存，也能在陆地上生存。

同 amphibious adj. 两栖的

近 ambitious adj. 有雄心抱负的

构 amphi（=both）+bi（=life）+an

G roup 12: anim=life;spirit;mind“生命；精神；感觉”

animated [ˈænɪmeɪtɪd]

adj. ① 栩栩如生的 ② 活泼的，生机勃勃的

解 ① seeming to be alive ② lively;vigorous

例 The clown's animated performance made both the children and the adults laugh. 小丑栩栩如生的表演逗得孩子和大人都哈哈大笑。

同 animate v. 使有生命；animation n. 富有生命力，活力；

inanimate adj. 死气沉沉的，无生命的

unanimous [juˈnænɪməs]

adj. 意见一致的，一致同意的

解 in complete agreement

例 The board came to the unanimous decision to elect Olin as president. 董事会一致决定推选奥林为主席。

同 unanimity n. 全体一致，一致同意

pusillanimous [ˌpjuːsɪˈlænɪməs]

adj. 懦弱的，胆小的

解 cowardly;fainthearted

例 The pusillanimous elephant ran away at the sight of the mouse. 那头胆小的大象一看见老鼠就跑掉了。

同 pusillanimity n. 胆小，胆怯

animosity [ˌænɪˈmɒsəti]

n. 憎恶，仇恨

解 violent hatred;active dislike

例 The wife held a great deal of animosity towards her ex-husband for the way he had treated her. 那位妻子因其前夫对她很恶劣而十分憎恨他。

magnanimous [mæɡˈnænɪməs]

adj. 宽宏大量的

解 generous and forgiving

例 The magnanimous emperor released the prisoners of war after the war ended. 战争结束后，那位大度的皇帝释放了战犯。

同 magnanimity n. 宽宏大量

构 magn（=great）+anim（=mind）+ous

G roup 13: anti=against;opposite“抗…；相反”

antibody [ˈæntibɒdi]

n. 抗体

解 a protein substance produced in the blood or tissues in response to a specific antigen,such as a bacterium or a toxin

例 The professor explained to the biology students how our bodies create antibodies in response to foreign substances in our blood. 那位教授向生物系学生讲解了当外来物质进入我们的血液中，我们的身体是如何产生抗体的。

构 anti（=against）+body（=body）

antibiotic [ˌæntibaɪˈɒtɪk]

n. 抗生素

解 a substance produced by a living organism,especially a bacterium or fungus,that destroys or weakens germs

例 Penicillin is an antibiotic . 青霉素是一种抗生素。

构 anti（=against）+bio（=life）+tic

antidote [ˈæntidəʊt]

n. 解毒剂

解 a remedy or other agent used to neutralize or counteract the effects of a poison

例 They gave the patient an antidote to reverse the course the poison had taken. 他们给病人服用了解毒剂来中和毒药的毒性。

构 anti（=against）+dote（=to give）

anticlimax [ˌæntɪˈklaɪmæks]

n. 令人失望的情况，令人扫兴的事件

解 a disappointing decline after a previous rise

例 After all the suspense for the new movie,the actor's poor performance made the last scene an anticlimax . 这部新电影前期设置了许多悬念，但这个男演员拙劣的表演使最后一场戏变得索然无味。

antipathy [ænˈtɪpəθi]

n. 憎恶，反感，不相容

解 a feeling of intense dislike

例 Cats naturally have a strong antipathy towards dogs. 猫天生对狗有一种强烈的憎恶。

构 anti（=against,opposite）+path（=to feel）+y

antique [ænˈtiːk]

n. 古董，古物 adj. 古老的，古代的

解 n. something made long ago

adj. of times long ago;from times long ago

例 This carved chest is a genuine antique. 这个雕花的箱子是一件真正的古董。

antiquated [ˈæntɪkweɪtɪd]

adj. ① 陈旧的 ② 过时的

解 ① extremely old as seeming to belong to an earlier period ② being out of style or fashion

例 Marine explorers discovered the remains of an antiquated city at the bottom of the ocean. 海洋探险家在海底发现了一座古城遗址。

G roup 14: apo=off“离开，远离”

apophasis [əˈpɒfəsɪs]

n. 【修辞】婉转表达法，表面否认要说或正说的话来加以暗示

解 allusion to sth. by denying that it will be mentioned

例 The attorney's use of apophasis aimed to discredit his rival without accusing him of anything outright. 这位律师没有直接指控对手的罪行，而是通过婉转表述来达到使其名誉扫地的目的。

apostrophe [əˈpɒstrəfi]

n. 撇号（’）

解 the mark（’）used to indicate possession as well as the omission of one or more letters from a printed word

例 The apostrophe is used to express possession. 撇号用来表示所有格。

apostasy [əˈpɒstəsi]

n. 背教；脱党

解 a total departure from one's faith or religion

例 His statements revealed his apostasy and he was excommunicated from the church. 他的话透露了他的叛教，因此被逐出教会。

同 apostate n. 背教者，变节者

构 apo（=off）+stas（=to stand）+y

apoplectic [ˌæpəˈplektɪk]

adj. ① 狂怒的；大怒的 ② 中风的

解 ① extremely angry;furious ② having or inclined to have apoplexy

例 Members of Congress became apoplectic about wasteful government spending. 国会成员对于政府开支的浪费感到非常愤怒。

综 合练习