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According to the Notice of the General Office of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Printing and Distributing the Work Plan for Chronic Diseases and Nutrition Surveillance of Chinese Residents（trial） （National Health Office Disease Control Letter ［2014］No.814），with the support of the Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control of the National Health Commission，the National Center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention（NCNCD）led and conducted the new wave of field survey of China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance（CCDRFS）in 2018.
In 2018，CCDRFS covered 298 counties（districts）in 31 provinces（autonomous regions，municipalities）and four divisions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps，with a total of 302 surveillance points.The surveillance results had both national and provincial representativeness.The subjects of the CCDRFS were residents who lived in the surveillance area for at least 6 months and were aged 18 and above in the 12 months before the survey.According to the multistage stratified cluster sampling method，three townships（subdistricts，corps）were randomly selected from each surveillance point；two villages（neighborhood committees，companies）were randomly selected from each township（subdistricts，corps）；one villager/resident group（at least 60 households）was randomly selected from each village（neighborhood committees，companies），and 45 households were selected from each villager/resident group.All the residents aged 18 and above who met the requirements of the survey were selected as the survey objects.At least 181，200 people were planned to be investigated，and 187，301 people were actually investigated.Based on the data of 184，876 people in 298 surveillance points of the 31 provinces（autonomous regions，municipalities），this report estimates the prevalence of chronic diseases and risk factors in adults aged 18 and above throughout the country.After data cleaning，the final number of valid samples included in the analysis was 184，509.
In 2018，CCDRFS was conducted through centralized investigation and household survey.The surveillance content included inquiry investigation，medical examination，and laboratory tests.The inquiry investigation included three kinds of questionnaires，which are community，household，and individual questionnaires.The community questionnaire included the basic information of population，economy，society，healthcare，and chronic disease prevention and control in the county（subdistricts）.The household questionnaire included the basic information and economic income of family members，the general information of the subjects，and so on.The individual questionnaire included the individual basic information，prevalence，treatment，control，and family history of major chronic diseases，smoking，drinking，eating habits，and physical activities.The medical examination included measurement of height，weight，waist circumference，blood pressure and heart rate.The laboratory blood sample tests included hemoglobin，fasting blood glucose，blood glucose two hours after taking sugar，glycosylated hemoglobin，blood lipids，blood uric acid，serum creatinine，albumin，and total protein levels.Urine sample tests included urine creatinine，microalbuminuria，urine sodium，and urine potassium.The investigation team organized by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC）of the surveillance point completed the work of inquiry investigation，medical measurement，and biological sample collection and processing.Hemoglobin and blood glucose were tested by the qualified laboratory in surveillance points.Serum and urine samples were transported to the central qualified laboratory via cold chain to complete the unified detection of other biochemical indicators.
To ensure the authenticity and reliability of the investigation data，the CCDRFS formulated a strict quality control program and established a national，provincial，and surveillance point three-level quality control system to implement strict quality control before，during，and after the investigation.The specific quality control measures included the design and revision of the preliminary scheme，unified investigation tools，teaching materials，and technical requirements of two-level training；the quality control of the inquiry investigation，medical examination，and laboratory test in the field investigation；the data checking，cleaning，and analysis after the investigation.A total of 135 provincial-level professionals and 786 core technical professionals of the surveillance points were trained in the national level training classes.100% of participants in the training passed the comprehensive evaluation and 95% of participants were evaluated excellent.More than 7，320 investigators were trained in the provincial level training classes，and all of them passed the examination.
In the middle and late stages of the field investigation，the CCDRFS conducted supervision and technical guidance on the first surveillance point launched in some provinces.Each provincial CDC organized the core technical professionals of other surveillance points to observe and learn from the first surveillance point.Among the 31 provincial-level CDCs and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps CDCs，27 provincial-level CDCs supervised all the surveillance points under their jurisdiction according to the requirements of the national program.Four provincial CDCs and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps CDCs supervised 288 surveillance points，accounting for 95.4% of the total surveillance points under their jurisdiction.At the same time，in the field supervision of the provincial CDCs，1.7% of the respondents were selected；the height，weight，waist circumference，and blood pressure were reviewed and verified；and the consistency between the test and verification exceeded 90%.According to the requirements，the provincial CDCs conducted remote recording verification on 10% of the questionnaires automatically extracted from each surveillance point by the surveillance information collection and management platform.Feedback and correction were carried out in time for the problems found to prevent the spread of errors and bias.
In order to ensure the quality and accuracy of blood glucose detection，all laboratories of surveillance points had passed the performance verification before field investigation，and daily quality control had been carried out according to the requirements in the process of blood glucose detection.Before the detection of hemoglobin in the surveillance points，the quality control materials were tested according to the requirements.The central laboratory passed the laboratory performance verification before testing and carried out daily quality control in strict accordance with the provisions in the sample testing process.All quality control results were reported to the national project team through the information collection and management platform.
In 2018，CCDRFS surveyed a total of 184，509 people aged 18 and above in China，including 81，918 males（44.4%）and 102，591 females（55.6%）.The proportion of females was higher than that of males；the sample sizes and proportions of the group aged 18-44，45-59，and 60 and above were 41，213（22.3%），68，870（37.3%），and 74，426（40.3%），respectively.
In 2018，the current smoking prevalence of residents aged 18 and above was 26.2%，and the prevalence in males（50.0%）was significantly higher than that in females（2.1%）.Among male residents，the current smoking prevalence of the 45-59 age group（55.5%）was higher than that of the 18-44 age group（48.9%）and the 60 and above age group（45.5%）.The current smoking prevalence in the rural areas（53.9%）was higher than that in the urban areas（46.5%），and that in the western region（55.3%）was higher than that in the eastern region（45.2%）and central region（52.2%）.The current daily smoking prevalence of residents aged 18 and above was 23.5%，and the prevalence in males（44.9%）was significantly higher than that in females（1.8%）.Among male residents，the current daily smoking prevalence of the 45-59 age group（51.0%）was higher than that of the 18-44 age group（43.2%）and the 60 and above age group（41.6%）.The current daily smoking prevalence in the rural areas（48.7%）was higher than in the urban areas（41.4%），and the prevalence in the western region（50.2%）was higher than that in the eastern（40.6%）and central regions（46.4%）.The current smoking prevalence and current daily smoking prevalence of the female increased with age and were similar between urban and rural areas and regions.The average age of the current daily smokers to start smoking was 20.0 years，and males（19.8 years）started earlier than females（24.6 years）.The average daily smoking amount of current smokers was 15.4 cigarettes，and males（15.6 cigarettes）smoked more than females（12.2 cigarettes）；the average daily smoking amount of current daily smokers was 17.1 cigarettes，and males（17.2 cigarettes）smoked more than females（14.2 cigarettes）.
In 2018，the smoking cessation prevalence of smokers aged 18 and above was 15.4%，and the prevalence in males（15.1%）was lower than that in females（21.5%）.The prevalence in the group aged 60 and above（31.2%）was higher than that in the group aged 18-44（8.8%）and the group aged 45-59（16.7%）.The urban areas（16.4%）had the higher prevalence than the rural areas（14.4%）.The eastern region（17.3%）had the higher prevalence than the central（14.8%）and the western（13.4%）regions.The success smoking cessation prevalence of the smokers was 11.2%.Males（11.0%）had the lower prevalence than females（14.6%）.The group aged 60 and above（25.4%）had the higher prevalence than the group aged 18-44（5.1%）and the group aged 45-59（12.6%）.It was similar to the success smoking cessation prevalence of the smokers between urban and rural areas.The eastern region（13.0%）had the higher prevalence than the central region（10.7%）and the western region（9.1%）.
In 2018，the second-hand smoke exposure prevalence of non-current smokers aged 18 and above in China was 60.6%，which was similar for both males and females.The second-hand smoke exposure prevalence of the group aged 18-44（63.6%）was higher than that of the group aged 45-59（62.3%）and the group aged 60 and above（47.9%）.The western region in the urban areas（65.3%）had the highest second-hand smoke exposure prevalence，and the eastern region in the rural areas（63.4%）had the highest prevalence.
In 2018，the drinking prevalence within the last 30 days or the last 12 months in residents aged 18 and above were 28.3% and 39.8%，respectively.The drinking prevalence within the last 30 days of males（46.2%）was higher than that of females（10.2%），and that of the group aged 45-59（31.3%）was higher than that of the group aged 18-44（28.5%）and the group aged 60 and above（23.5%）.The urban and rural areas had similar drinking prevalence within the last 30 days.The eastern region（29.6%）had the higher prevalence than the central region（27.7%）and the western region（27.1%）.The drinking prevalence within the last 12 months of males（60.3%）was higher than that of females（19.1%）.The prevalence decreased gradually in the groups aged 18-44（41.8%），45-59（41.3%），60 and above（31.1%）.The urban areas（41.6%）had the higher prevalence than the rural areas（38.0%），and the eastern，central，and western regions had prevalences of 41.7%，39.2%，and 37.5%，respectively.
In 2018，the average daily alcohol intake of drinkers aged 18 and above was 20.4g，and males（25.2g）had the significantly higher intake than females（4.1g）.The group aged 60 and above（30.2g）had the higher intake than the group aged 18-44（15.0g）and the group aged 45-59（27.8g）.The rural areas（23.9g）had the higher intake than the urban areas（17.3g）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the average intakes of 21.3g，19.7g，and 19.8g，respectively.
In 2018，the dangerous drinking prevalence of drinkers aged 18 and above in China was 5.7%，and males（6.9%）had the higher prevalence than females（2.1%）.The prevalence in the group aged 60 and above（9.3%）was higher than that in the group aged 18-44（8.2%）and the group aged 45-59（3.9%）.The rural areas（6.7%）had the higher prevalence than the urban areas（5.0%），and the eastern，central，and western regions had the prevalences of 6.0%，5.9%，and 5.0%，respectively.The harmful drinking prevalence of the drinkers was 8.6%，and males（10.7%）had the higher prevalence than females（1.6%）.The harmful drinking prevalence in the 18-44 age group（5.4%），the 45-59 age group（12.7%），and the 60 and above age group（15.2%）gradually increased.The rural areas（10.5%）had the higher prevalence than the urban areas（6.9%），and the prevalences in the eastern，central，and western regions were 9.1%，8.4%，and 7.7%，respectively.The prevalence of heavy drinking at a single time of the current drinkers was 39.8%，and males（46.8%）had the higher prevalence than females（17.5%）.The prevalence of the 18-44 age group，45-59 age group，and 60 and above age group were 41.0%，42.4%，and 29.1%，respectively.The rural areas（41.4%）had the higher prevalence than the urban areas（38.4%），and the prevalences in the eastern，central，and western regions were 37.1%，40.7%，and 43.5%，respectively.
In 2018，the average daily intake of vegetables and fruits for residents aged 18 and above was 483.6g.The prevalence of underconsumption of vegetables and fruits was 44.7%，and males（45.8%）had the slightly higher prevalence than females（43.6%）.The 60 and above age group（51.1%）had the higher prevalence than the 18-44 age group（43.3%）and 45-59 age group（43.6%）.The rural areas（51.2%）had the significantly higher prevalence than the urban areas（38.7%），and the eastern，central，and western regions had prevalences of 40.7%，46.4%，and 49.4%，respectively.
In 2018，the average daily red meat intake of residents aged 18 and above was 107.1g.The prevalence of overconsumption of red meat was 42.0%，and males（49.3%）had the higher prevalence than females（34.7%）.The group aged 18-44（47.8%）had the higher prevalence than the group aged 45-59（37.7%）and the group aged 60 and above（28.7%）.The prevalence in urban areas（48.0%）was higher than that in rural areas（35.7%），and the prevalences in the eastern，central，and western regions were 45.0%，31.8%，and 49.5%，respectively.
In 2018，the prevalence of insufficient physical activity among residents aged 18 and above was 22.3%，and males（24.4%）had the slightly higher prevalence than females（20.2%）.The prevalence in urban areas was similar to that in rural areas.The prevalence of the group aged 18-44（23.9%）was higher than that of the group aged 45-59（18.2%）and 60 and above（23.1%）.The prevalence in the central region（24.0%）was higher than that in the eastern（22.7%）and western regions（19.6%）.
In 2018，the regular exercise prevalence of residents aged 18 and above was 15.8%，and males（17.0%）had the higher prevalence than females（14.6%）.The prevalence of the group aged 18-44（16.7%）was higher than that of the group aged 45-59（15.5%）and 60 and above（13.1%）.The prevalence in the urban areas（19.7%）was higher than that in the rural areas（11.7%），and the prevalence in the eastern region（19.4%）was higher than that in the central（14.1%）and western regions（12.0%）.
In 2018，the never-exercise prevalence of residents aged 18 and above was 78.0%，and females（80.8%）had the higher prevalence than males（75.2%）.The prevalence in the rural areas（83.9%）was higher than that in the urban areas（72.4%）.The prevalence gradually increased with the groups aged 18-44（74.7%），45-59（80.9%）and 60 and above（84.9%），and the eastern region（73.5%）had the lower prevalence than the central region（80.5%）and the western region（82.3%）.
In 2018，the average total daily sedentary time of residents aged 18 and above was 4.7 hours，and that of males and females was the same.The group aged 18-44（5.2 hours）had the higher average total daily sedentary time than the group aged 45-59（4.0 hours）and the group aged 60 and above（4.1 hours），and the urban areas（5.2 hours）had the higher average total daily sedentary time than the rural areas（4.2 hours）.The eastern region（5.1 hours）had the higher average total daily sedentary time than the central region（4.6 hours）and the western region（4.2 hours）.
In 2018，the average daily sedentary time during leisure time was 3.2 hours for residents aged 18 and above.Males（3.3 hours）had the same average daily sedentary time during leisure time as females（3.1 hours）.The group aged 18-44（3.8 hours）had more average daily sedentary time during leisure time than the group aged 45-59（2.6 hours）and the group aged 60 and above（2.1 hours）.The urban areas（3.7 hours）had more average daily sedentary time during leisure time than the rural areas（2.7 hours）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the average daily sedentary time during leisure time of 3.5 hours，3.1 hours，and 2.9 hours，respectively.
In 2018，the average daily screen time was 3.1 hours for residents aged 18 and above.The average daily screen time of males（3.2 hours）was similar to that of females（2.9 hours）.The average daily screen time in the group aged 18-44（3.6 hours）was higher than that in the groups aged 45-59（2.5 hours）and 60 and above（2.0 hours），and the urban areas（3.5 hours）had higher average daily screen time than that in the rural areas（2.6 hours）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the average daily screen time of 3.3 hours，2.9 hours，and 2.8 hours，respectively.
In 2018，the average daily sleep time of residents aged 18 and above was 7.6 hours，and the average daily sleep time of the group aged 18-44（7.7 hours）was slightly higher than that of the other age groups.There was no significant difference in the average daily sleep time between males and females，urban and rural areas，and among eastern，central，and western regions.
In 2018，the healthy weight prevalence of residents aged 18 and above was 45.0%，and males（41.8%）had the lower prevalence than females（48.2%）.There was little difference between age groups.The urban areas（43.7%）had the lower prevalence than the rural areas（46.4%）.The prevalences in the eastern，central，and western regions were 43.4%，43.7%，and 49.2%，respectively.
In 2018，the overweight prevalence of residents aged 18 and above was 34.3%.The overweight prevalence of males（36.1%）was higher than that of females（32.5%）.The overweight prevalence of the group aged 45-59（41.6%）was higher than that of the groups aged 18-44（30.4%）and 60 and above（36.6%）.There was no significant difference in overweight prevalence between urban areas（34.4%）and rural areas（34.2%）.The overweight prevalences in the eastern，central，and western regions were 33.8%，36.5%，and 32.6%，respectively.
In 2018，the obesity prevalence was 16.4% of residents aged 18 and above，which was higher in males（18.2%）than in females（14.7%）.The group aged 45-59（18.3%）had the higher obesity prevalence than the groups aged 18-44（16.4%）and 60 and above（13.6%）.The urban areas（17.5%）had the higher obesity prevalence than the rural areas（15.3%）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the obesity prevalence of 18.4%，16.1%，and 13.6%，respectively.
In 2018，the central obesity prevalence was 35.2% of residents aged 18 and above.Males（37.2%）had the higher prevalence than females（33.3%）.The central obesity prevalence of the group aged 45-59（42.7%）was higher than that of the groups aged 18-44（30.0%）and 60 and above（41.5%）.The urban areas（36.4%）had the higher central obesity prevalence than the rural areas（34.0%）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the central obesity prevalence of 36.5%，35.5% and 32.8%，respectively.
In 2018，the hypertension prevalence in residents aged 18 and above was 27.5%，and males（30.8%）had the higher prevalence than females（24.2%）.The rural areas（29.4%）had the higher prevalence than urban areas（25.7%）.The hypertension prevalence was 13.3%，37.8%，and 59.2%in the groups aged 18-44，45-59，and 60 and above，respectively.The eastern，central，and western regions had the prevalence of 27.3%，29.1%，and 25.9%，respectively.
In 2018，the hypertension awareness prevalence of knowing their hypertension condition among hypertension patients aged 18 and above was 41.0% and was higher in females（46.2%）than in males（36.9%）.The hypertension awareness prevalence was 22.3%，42.6%，and 53.4%in the groups aged 18-44，45-59，and 60 and above，respectively.The urban areas（43.1%）had the higher hypertension awareness prevalence than the rural areas（39.0%）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the hypertension awareness prevalences of 43.7%，40.6%，and 37.0%，respectively.
In 2018，the hypertension treatment prevalence among hypertension patients aged 18 and above was 34.9% and was higher in females（40.1%）than in males（30.8%）.The hypertension treatment prevalence was 16.6%，36.1%，and 47.3% in the groups aged 18-44，45-59，and 60 and above，respectively.The urban areas（37.5%）had the higher treatment prevalence than the rural areas（32.4%）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the treatment prevalences of 37.7%，34.3%，and 30.6%，respectively.The hypertension treatment prevalence among already diagnosed hypertension patients with self hypertension condition awareness was 85.0% and was higher in females（86.7%）than in males（83.3%）.The hypertension treatment prevalence gradually increased and was 74.3%，84.7%，and 88.5% in the groups aged 18-44，45-59，and 60 and above，respectively.The urban areas（87.0%）had the higher hypertension treatment prevalence than the rural areas（82.9%）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the hypertension treatment prevalence of 86.4%，84.6%，and 82.7%，respectively.
In 2018，the hypertension control prevalence was 11.0% among hypertension patients aged 18 and above.The hypertension control prevalence of females（12.5%）was higher than that of males（9.8%）.The hypertension control prevalence was 4.6%，12.2%，and 14.6% respectively in the groups aged 18-44，45-59，and 60 and above.The urban areas（13.6%）had the significantly higher prevalence than the rural areas（8.5%）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the hypertension control prevalences of 12.8%，10.1%，and 9.1%，respectively.The treatment control prevalence of hypertension in patients who had taken medicine to control blood pressure was 31.5%，with males and females being the same.The treatment control prevalence of hypertension in the group aged 45-59（33.8%）was higher than that in the group aged 18-44（27.9%）and 60 and above（30.8%）.The urban areas（36.3%）had the higher prevalence than the rural areas（26.3%），and the eastern，central，and western regions had the treatment control prevalences of 33.9%，29.4%，and 29.7%，respectively.
In 2018，the community health management prevalence of diagnosed hypertension patients aged 35 and above was 62.1%，and females（63.9%）had the slightly higher prevalence than males（60.3%）.The community health management prevalences of the groups aged 35-44，45-59，and 60 and above were 49.7%，59.0%，and 67.3%，respectively.The rural areas（66.8%）had the higher community health management prevalence than the urban areas（57.7%）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the community health management prevalences of 61.1%，58.4%，and 69.4%，respectively.The standardized community health management prevalence of hypertension patients aged 35 and above who received community health management was 52.3%，52.4% for males，and 52.2% for females.The standardized community health management prevalences were 56.7%，52.0%，and 51.8% in the groups aged 35-44，45-59，and 60 and above，respectively.The urban areas（53.0%）had the slightly higher standardized community health management prevalence than the rural areas（51.7%），and the eastern，central，and western regions had the standardized community health management prevalences of 53.3%，50.7%，and 52.4%，respectively.
In 2018，the diabetes prevalence among residents aged 18 and above was 11.9%，which was higher in males（12.9%）than in females（10.9%）.The prevalence increased with the age groups and was 6.2%，16.1%，and 24.6% in the groups aged 18-44，45-59 and 60 and above，respectively.The prevalence in the urban areas（12.6%）was higher than that in the rural areas（11.1%）.The prevalence in the eastern，central，and western regions was 12.4%，12.8%，and 10.0%，respectively.
The diabetes awareness prevalence of knowing their diabetes condition among diabetic patients aged 18 and above was 38.0%，and females（43.1%）had the higher diabetes awareness prevalence than males（33.6%）.The diabetes awareness prevalences gradually increased with the age groups and were 23.4%，41.5%，and 46.8% in the groups aged 18-44，45-59，and 60 and above，respectively.The urban areas（41.3%）had the higher diabetes awareness prevalence than the rural areas（33.9%）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the diabetes awareness prevalences of 38.9%，37.6%，and 36.7%，respectively.
In 2018，the diabetes treatment prevalence was 34.1% of diabetic patients aged 18 and above and higher in females（38.8%）than in males（30.0%）.The prevalences of the groups aged 18-44（20.1%），45-59（37.4%），and 60 and above（42.5%）gradually increased.The urban areas（37.5%）had the higher diabetes treatment prevalence than the rural areas（29.9%），and the eastern，central，and western regions had the diabetes treatment prevalences of 34.8%，34.2%，and 32.3%，respectively.The diabetes treatment prevalence among already diagnosed diabetic patients with self diabetes condition awareness was 89.7%，which was similar between males and females.The diabetes treatment prevalence in the group aged 18-44（86.1%）was slightly lower than that in groups aged 45-59（90.1%）and 60 and above（90.8%）.The diabetes treatment prevalence of the urban areas（90.7%）was slightly higher than that of the rural areas（88.1%）.The diabetes treatment prevalences in the eastern，central，and western regions were 89.5%，91.0%，and 87.9%，respectively.
The diabetes control prevalence was 33.1% in diabetic patients aged 18 and above.The diabetes control prevalence in males（31.5%）was lower than that in females（35.0%）.The diabetes control prevalence in the group aged 45-59（29.1%）was lower than that in the groups aged 18-44（32.9%）and 60 and above（37.3%）.There was no significant difference in the diabetes control prevalence between the urban areas（33.5%）and the rural areas（32.5%）.The diabetes control prevalences in the eastern，central，and western regions were 32.9%，30.9%，and 36.6%，respectively.The diabetes control prevalence for patients who received treatment was 31.5%，in which the prevalence in males（28.8%）was lower than in females（34.0%）.The diabetes control prevalence in the group aged 18-44（45.5%）was higher than those in groups aged 45-59（26.2%）and 60 and above（30.6%）.The urban areas（34.1%）had the higher diabetes control prevalence than the rural areas（27.6%）.The eastern，central，and western regions had diabetes control prevalences of 30.3%，32.8%，and 32.2%.
In 2018，the community health management prevalence was 58.5% among diagnosed diabetic patients aged 35 and above.Males（56.0%）had the lower community health management prevalence than females（60.9%）.The community health management prevalences were 49.5%，56.5%，and 62.9% in the groups aged 35-44，45-59，and 60 and above，respectively.The rural areas（63.0%）had the higher community health management prevalence than the urban areas（55.5%）.The eastern，central，and western regions had the community health management prevalences of 56.6%，55.0%，and 68.1%，respectively.Among diabetic patients aged 35 and above who received community health management，the standardized community health management prevalence was 52.1%，which was 51.4% and 52.7% for males and females，respectively.The standardized community health management prevalence in the group aged 35-44（47.3%）was lower than that in the groups aged 45-59（52.7%）and 60 and above（52.7%）.The standardized community health management prevalences in urban areas（51.8%）and rural areas（52.6%）were similar.The standardized community health management prevalences in the eastern，central，and western regions were 51.6%，53.1%，and 51.9%，respectively.
In 2018，the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 8.2% in residents aged 18 and above.Males（8.4%）had the similar prevalence to females（8.0%）.The prevalence gradually increased in the groups aged 18-44（5.5%），45-59（11.2%）and 60 and above（12.7%），and the urban areas（8.1%）and the rural areas（8.3%）had the similar prevalence.The prevalence in the eastern，central，and western regions were 9.3%，6.9%，and 8.0%，respectively.
The prevalence of high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 8.0% in residents aged 18 and above.There was no significant difference in the prevalences between males（8.1%）and females（7.8%）.The prevalence in the groups aged 18-44（5.5%），45-59（10.6%），and 60 and above（12.4%）increased gradually.The urban and rural areas had the prevalence of 8.3% and 7.7%，respectively.The eastern region（9.9%）had the higher prevalence than the central（6.8%）and the western（6.1%）regions.
The prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 20.9% in residents aged 18 and above.The prevalence in males（28.9%）was higher than that in females（13.0%）.The prevalence gradually decreased in the groups aged 18-44（22.4%），45-59（20.6%），and 60 and above（16.4%）.The prevalence in the urban areas（22.3%）was higher than in rural areas（19.4%）and was 18.9%，24.1%，and 20.5% in the eastern，central，and western regions，respectively.
The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was 18.4% in residents aged 18 and above.The prevalence in males（23.6%）was higher than that in females（13.2%）.The group aged 45-59（22.0%）had the higher prevalence than groups aged 18-44（17.1%）and 60 and above（17.1%）.The prevalence in the urban and rural areas was 18.8% and 17.9%，respectively.The eastern，central，and western regions had the prevalence of 16.7%，18.5%，and 20.9%，respectively.
In 2018，the prevalence of hyperuricemia was 14.0% among residents aged 18 and above，which was significantly higher in males（24.5%）than in females（3.6%）.Among male residents，the group aged 18-44（28.9%）had the higher prevalence than the groups aged 45-59（18.7%）and 60 and above（18.0%）.Among female residents，the group aged 60 and above（6.0%）had the higher prevalence than the group aged 18-44（3.1%）and 45-59（3.1%）.The prevalence of the urban regions（16.2%）was higher than that of the rural regions（11.7%）.The prevalence of the eastern，central and western regions was 17.1%，10.6%，and 13.0%，respectively.
In 2018，the prevalence of chronic kidney disease was 8.2% among residents aged 18 and above，and there was no significant difference between males and females.The prevalence of chronic kidney disease increased gradually in the groups aged 18-44（4.5%），45-59（8.4%），and 60 and above（20.1%）.The prevalence in the urban areas（7.9%）was slightly lower than that in the rural areas（8.6%）.The prevalence was 7.8%，8.8%，and 8.2% in eastern，central，and western regions，respectively.
In 2018，the prevalence of allergic diseases was 8.0% in residents aged 18 and above，and the prevalence in males and females was 7.4% and 8.6%，respectively.The prevalence decreased gradually in the groups aged 18-44（8.9%），45-59（7.3%），and 60 and above（6.0%）.The prevalence in the urban areas（9.6%）was slightly higher than that in the rural areas（6.3%）.The prevalence in the eastern，central，and western regions were 9.7%，7.1%，and 6.4%，respectively.