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Read carefully the following excerpt and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 WORDS, in which you should:
1. summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then
2. comment on the topic of family influence on children.
You can support yourself with information from the excerpt.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
Excerpt
Of all the environmental factors that influence a child’s development, family has the most significant impact. Family members are the first people that young children have regular contact with, and as patterns, interactions and relationships within the family unit develop, so does a child’s understanding of himself, other people and the world around him. Loving, nurturing homes that provide opportunities for growth and bonding are where children thrive.
Emotional Development
A family encourages emotional development from the first moments of a baby’s life onward. The bond that forms between an infant and his primary caregivers fosters a range of emotions such as trust, comfort, compassion, empathy and confidence. As children grow and their relationships with family members develop, they learn how to form friendships, manage and communicate emotions in a healthy way and how to overcome obstacles and challenges with others. Making the time to do things together as a family promotes family cohesion, which enhances emotional development in children, and reduces children’s risk of experiencing emotional distress.
Social Development
Children begin to develop social skills in infancy from their earliest bonds, relationships and interactions with family members. They perceive and discover communication, collaboration and cooperation by both observing parents and siblings as they interact with each other, and by engaging directly with different members of the family. Families that treat each other with respect and love promote a positive example of social interaction for very young children. Families that spend quality time together—enjoying activities together and sharing meals at the dinner table, for example—also promote healthy socialization development in young children by fostering group bonding, communication and sharing.
Physical Development
Family members’ diet and exercise habits have a profound impact on children’s fitness and nutrition, which is directly related to their overall physical development. Because family members are role models, children learn from, imitate and adopt the behaviors and patterns of parents and siblings. Get the family together for backyard games or exercise challenges to promote healthy fitness among all family members. Limit junk food consumption and encourage children to get involved in preparing healthy family meals to promote good nutrition.
Cognitive Development
Family values affect a child’s cognitive development by influencing the way they perceive themselves and the world. Family dynamics shape the way kids think, reason and problem-solve. A strong, loving family unit that spends quality time together can enhance a young child’s academic performance, while decreasing the likelihood of risky behavior as they get older.
审题立意
作文要求考生先阅读一则英文材料，然后就“家庭对孩子成长和发展的影响”这一话题发表看法。材料中指出，家庭因素对孩子的成长和发展有着重大的影响，主要体现在孩子的情绪发展、社交发展、身体发育和认知发展几个方面。关于家庭因素对孩子成长的影响的话题，考生可以结合材料和自己的体会来论述，尤其要注意从父母对孩子的影响的角度着手。
写作框架
1 简述材料内容，然后发表自己的看法：在我看来，家庭对孩子的成长起着极其重要的作用。
2 分点阐述：首先，好的家庭环境对儿童的身心发展都有利；其次，父母的文化素养和良好的习惯会对孩子产生终生的影响；最后，良好的家庭环境可以帮助孩子与他人保持良好的关系。
3 总结全文：良好的家庭环境会对孩子产生良好的影响。
精彩范文
In the above material, it is stated that family has a great impact on early childhood development. As Bob Keeshan said, “Parents are the ultimate role models for children. Every word, movement and action has an effect. No other person or outside force has a greater influence on a child than the parent.” It seems to me that family plays an extremely important role in a child’s personal growth. (Viewpoint)
Firstly, a good family environment can be beneficial to a child’s physical and mental health. (Topic sentence) As we all know, children live with their parents day and night, and if parents have a harmonious relationship, their children will develop positive characteristics.
Secondly, parents’ cultural literacy and good habits will have a life-long effect on children. (Topic sentence) It is reported that a good education is not about paying much money for children to participate in various extracurricular courses, but about setting a good example for them—if parents are self-motivated and keep improving themselves, their children will follow them.
Finally, a good family environment can help children keep a healthy relationship with others. (Topic sentence) In modern society, communication is more important than ever. In a survey, it is said that a person’s achievement depends mostly on EQ, accounting for 80%. If children develop a positive relationship with others, they will better adapt to the modern society and are more likely to be successful in the future.
In conclusion, a good family environment will be a good influence on children. (Conclusion) Parents themselves are the best teachers for their children, and they are the examples for their children. In a good family environment, children will develop a positive relationship with others.
主题词汇
ultimate adj. 最终的，终极的
extremely adv. 极其，极端地
be beneficial to 对……有益
harmonious adj. 和谐的
cultural literacy文化素养
life-long adj. 终生的
participate in 参加，参与
extracurricular adj. 额外的
self-motivated adj. 自勉的
positive adj. 积极的，正面的
亮点句式
1 In the above material, it is stated that family has a great impact on early childhood development.
译文 在上述材料中，作者指出家庭对孩子早期发展有很大的影响。
分析 句中使用了固定句式，即it is stated that...意为“有人指出……；人们注意到……”。have a great impact on... 意为“对……有重要的影响”。
2 It seems to me that family plays an extremely important role in a child’s personal growth.
译文 在我看来，家庭对孩子的成长起着极其重要的作用。
分析 It seems to me that...是表达个人观点的常见句式之一，意为“在我看来……”；play a role in为固定短语，意为“在……中发挥作用”。