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词根赋予一个词基本意思，而后缀一般不改变词的基本意思，却是决定一个词的词性的重要标记。因此后缀对于帮助考生识别单词词性、判别单词在句子中所作成分及拓展词汇起着重要作用。
练一练 为保证学习效果，请做完题目后再看答案。
Exercise One
Choose the one that best explains the meaning of the underlined part in each word.
1. uni lateral A. good B. light C. letter D. side
2. therm al A. earth B. cold C. heat D. full
3. de form A. shape B. type C. idea D. blank
4. hydr ology A. earth B. water C. mud D. land
5. chron ological A. year B. age C. time D. place
6. anthro pology A. human B. animal C. foot D. hand
7. verb al A. hearing B. word C. feeling D. sense
8. audit ory A. touch B. feel C. hearing D. sense
9. visi bility A. see B. sense C. hearing D. smell
10. auto mation A. help B. car C. self D. make
11. partner ship A. boat B. state C. help D. cooperation
12. soci ology A. study B. society C. help D. happiness
13. real ism A. belief B. study C. finding D. hesitation
14. employ ee A. one who gives B. one who receives C. one who loses D. one who helps
15. ver ify A. make B. have C. help D. look
16. poly the ism A. one B. god C. act D. theory
17. re viv al A. life B. deed C. say D. vision
18. soph istication A. mind B. good C. useful D. wise
19. sol itary A. sun B. moon C. alone D. star
20. geo logic A. earth B. moon C. sun D. water
Exercise Two
Choose the one that indicates the Part of Speech （词性） of the suffix.
1. -er A. adj. B. n. C. v. D. adv.
2. -ist A. adj. B. n. C. v. D. adv.
3. -hood A. adj. B. n. C. v. D. adv.
4. -fy A. adj. B. n. C. v. D. adv.
5. -less A. adj. B. n. C. v. D. adv.
6. -ure A. adj. B. n. C. v. D. adv.
7. -some A. adj. B. n. C. v. D. adv.
8. -istic A. adj. B. n. C. v. D. adv.
9. -ive A. adj. B. n. C. v. D. adv.
10. -al A. adj. B. n. C. v. D. adv.
Exercise Three
Below is a list of words containing some of the stems and affixes introduced in this section. Explanations of these words appear on the right. Please match the words with correct explanation by A – E.
1. ______ audiology A. the study which measures time and gives dates to events
2. ______ microscope B. the science of hearing
3. ______ chronology C. an instrument to make small objects large enough to be seen
4. ______ phonology D. the study of mind
5. ______ psychology E. the study of speech sound
Exercise Four
Please try to write down the meanings and parts of speech （词性） of the following words.
intellectual ________________________ strengthen ________________________
linguistic ________________________ vocalization ________________________
dominance ________________________ virtue ________________________
appreciate ________________________ intimacy ________________________
archaeologist ________________________ mineral ________________________
Renaissance ________________________ reject ________________________
immediately ________________________ arouse ________________________
stressful ________________________ convert ________________________
emphasize ________________________ economics ________________________
答案速查
Exercise One
1–5 DCABC
6–10 ABCAC
11–15 BAABA
16–20 BADCA
Exercise Two
1–5 BBBCA
6–10 BAAAA/B
（第10题答案为A和B，-al既可作名词后缀又可作形容词后缀）
Exercise Three
1–5 BCAED
Exercise Four
intellectual adj. 智力的；知识的
immediately adv. 立刻；马上
intimacy n. 亲密
linguistic adj. 语言的
stressful adj. 有压力的
mineral n. 矿物 adj. 矿物的
dominance n. 支配；主导
emphasize v. 强调
reject v. 拒绝
appreciate v. 欣赏
strengthen v. 加强
arouse v. 引起
archaeologist n. 考古学家
vocalization n. 发声
convert v. 转变；转换
Renaissance n. 文艺复兴
virtue n. 美德
economics n. 经济学