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在雅思阅读中，数字因为其高辨识度，往往是最佳的定位关键词。阅读文章中有很多同义替换以数字替换的方式出现。如果能在题目中判断出某些文字会以数字形式出现，将提升阅读速度。
与“钱”有关的概念：cost, fund, salary, wage, investment, fee, profit等
与“时间”有关的概念：date, time, century, decade, age, year等
与“数字”有关的概念：percentage, statistics, figure, number, amount, proportion, half等
数学概念：area, volume, height, weight等
在数字定位中，题目中所给数字可能与原文不完全一致，会有一定程度的替换，如“1845”被替换为“mid-19th century”，考生需要能快速识别二者间的替换。有时识别数字替换需要进行简单的计算，如原文中的“20%的议会议员缺席了欧洲气候变化大会”在题目中被替换为“80%的议会议员参加了欧洲气候变化大会”。
【例11】
原文 In a 1983 national health survey, 1.9% of people said they had contacted a chiropractor, naturopath, osteopath, acupuncturist or herbalist in the two weeks prior to the survey. By 1990, this figure had risen to 2.6% of the population. C4-T2-P2
题目 Between 1983 and 1990 the number of patients visiting alternative therapists rose to include a further 8% of the population. (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)
【例12】
原文 A major milestone in the history of glass occurred with the invention of lead crystal glass by the English glass manufacturer George Ravenscroft (1632~1688). He attempted to counter the effect of clouding that sometimes occurred in blown glass by introducing lead to the raw materials used in the process. C12-T8-P1
题目 17th century: George Ravenscroft developed a process using ______ to avoid the occurrence of clouding in blown glass.
以下表格汇总了“剑桥雅思官方真题集”系列中的重要同义替换词及其中、英文解释，建议考生重点记忆，提升对同义替换的敏感性，亦可将同义词用于雅思写作和口语中，一举多得。考生不仅要对常见同义词加以记忆，也要有意识地培养用英文解释某个词或句子的能力（即paraphrase的能力），还要通过分析题目设置推敲作者如何选取同义替换词，并加以积累，方能在阅读中迅速提分，全方位提高英语语言能力。
需要注意的是，这些词或词组并非完全等义，它们在用法、词性、语体、使用语境、表达的语气或程度等方面有细微差别，这里只是粗略总结以帮助大家提高同义替换意识，从而在阅读文章与做题时，能快速识别出来。在英语能力提升后，可进一步对同义替换词的差别进行研究。
雅思阅读常见同义替换词（一）
练一练 为保证学习效果，请做完题目后再看答案。
Exercise One
1. Some scientists have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words.
The word “noted” is closest in meaning to which of following?
A. hypothesized
B. requested
C. disagreed
D. observed
2. Probably the earliest way of keeping a count was by some simple tally method, employing the principle of one-to-one correspondence.
The word “employing” is closest in meaning to which of following?
A. using
B. paying
C. focusing
D. hiring
3. Locke strongly suggested that individuals, while accepting their Americanism, take pride in their African ancestral arts and urged artists to look to Africa for substance and inspiration.
The word “urged” is closest in meaning to which of following?
A. prepared
B. defined
C. permitted
D. encouraged
4. Few predators fail to pursue such obviously vulnerable prey. Needless to say, each short run between “flight attempts” is directed away from the nest.
The word “pursue” is closest in meaning to which of following?
A. catch
B. notice
C. defend
D. chase
5. The process can be very rapid, quickly creating sizable ice crystals, some of which adhere to each other to create a cluster of ice crystals or a snowflake.
The word “adhere” is closest in meaning to which of following?
A. belong
B. relate
C. stick
D. speed
6. She also photographs away from her studio at various architectural sites, bringing camera, lights, mirrors, and a crew of assistants to transform the site into her own abstract image.
The word “transform” is closest in meaning to which of following?
A. move
B. extend
C. change
D. interpret
7. Inadequate funding from the local authority led to the failure of the factory, one of the most important ones in the region.
The word “inadequate” is closest in meaning to which of following?
A. deficient
B. expanded
C. innovative
D. specialized
8. Should there be alien creatures, it is inevitable that human beings would face the dilemma of how to deal with them.
The word “inevitable” is closest in meaning to which of following?
A. necessary
B. appropriate
C. unavoidable
D. convenient
9. Facing the serious cross-examination of lawyers, she finally gave a reluctant smile.
The word “reluctant” is closest in meaning to which of following?
A. unwilling
B. sincere
C. genuine
D. naive
10. Dr. Dingle employed a particularly orthodox method to test subjects’ response to the messages they receive and how they process the messages.
The word “orthodox” is closest in meaning to which of following?
A. unusual
B. traditional
C. unique
D. special
Exercise Two
英汉互译并写出其同义词。
neglect _________________________ 破坏 _________________________
accurate _________________________ 调查 _________________________
vague _________________________ 课程 _________________________
habitat _________________________ 杰出 _________________________
isolated _________________________ 认出 _________________________
答案速查
Exercise One
1–5 DADDC
6–10 CACAB
Exercise Two
参见上文的同义替换词部分。