Minerals and Plants

abnormality[ ˌæbnɔ:r'mælətɪ ]

n. 异常，反常

the condition of not being normal

absorb[ əb'sɔ:rb ]

v. 吸收

to take (something) in through or as through pores or interstices

accumulation[ əˌkju:mjə'leɪʃn ]

n. 堆积，积聚

the act of gathering or amassing , as into a heap or pile

aeroponics[ eəroʊ'pɒnɪks ]

n. 气栽法

a technique for growing plants without soil or hydroponic media

alpine[ 'ælpaɪn ]

adj. 高山生长的

living or growing on mountains above the timberline

aluminum[ ə'lu:mɪnɪəm ]

n. 铝

a silvery-white, ductile metallic element , the most abundant in the earth’s crust but found only in combination

amass[ ə'mæs ]

v. 积聚

to gather together for oneself, as for one’s pleasure or profit; accumulate

anthocyanin[ ˌænθə'saɪənɪn ]

n. 花青素

any of various water-soluble pigments that impart to flowers and other plant parts colors

approach[ ə'proʊtʃ ]

n. 途径

a way or means of reaching something; an access

calcium[ 'kælsɪəm ]

n. 钙

a silvery, moderately. hard metallic element

characteristic[ ˌkærəktə'rɪstɪk ]

adj. 特有的，典型的

being a feature that helps to distinguish a person or thing; distinctive

【近】 distinctive , peculiar , typical

chloride[ 'klɔ:raɪd ]

n. 氯化物

a binary compound of chlorine

chlorophyll[ 'klɔ:rəfɪl ]

n. 叶绿素

any of a group of related green pigments

chlorosis[ klə'roʊsɪs ]

n. 缺绿病

the yellowing or whitening of normally green plant tissue

cobalt[ 'koʊbɔ:lt ]

n. 钴

a hard, brittle metallic element , found associated with nickel, silver, lead, copper, and iron ores

compost[ 'kɑ:mpoʊst ]

n. 堆肥

a mixture of decaying organic matter , used to improve soil structure and provide nutrients

compound[ 'kɑ:mpaʊnd ]

n. 复合物

a combination of two or more elements or parts

concentration[ ˌkɒnsen'treɪʃən ]

n. 浓度

the amount of a specified substance in a unit amount of another substance

contaminate[ kən'tæməˌneɪt ]

v. 污染

to make impure or unclean by contact or mixture

【近】 pollute

copper[ 'kɑ:pər ]

n. 铜

a ductile metallic element that is an excellent conductor of heat and electricity

cultivation[ ˌkʌltɪ'veɪʃn ]

n. 耕作，耕种

the act of cultivating

deficient[ dɪ'fɪʃnt ]

adj. 不足的

inadequate in amount or degree; insufficient

【近】 insufficient , scarce , short

depletion[ dɪ'pli:ʃn ]

n. 消耗，用尽

the gradual use or consumption of a resource

discoloration[ ˌdɪsˌkʌlə'reɪʃn ]

n. 变色

the act of discoloring

elemental[ ˌelɪ'mentl ]

adj. 基本的

fundamental or essential; basic

【近】 basic , elementary , essential , fundamental

excavation[ ˌekskə'veɪʃn ]

n. 挖掘

the act or process of excavating

exhibit[ ɪg'zɪbɪt ]

v. 展现

to show outwardly; display

facilitate[ fə'sɪlɪteɪt ]

v. 使容易，帮助

to make easy or easier

greenhouse[ 'gri:nhaʊs ]

n. 温室

a structure, primarily of glass , in which temperature and humidity can be controlled

herb[ hɜ:rb , ɜ:rb ]

n. 草

a plant whose stem does not produce woody

herbaceous[ hɜ:r'beɪʃəs ]

adj. 草本的

relating to or characteristic of an herb as distinguished from a woody plant

【记】herb（ n. 药草，香草）

hydroponics[ ˌhaɪdrə'pɑ:nɪks ]

n. 水耕法，水栽培

cultivation of plants in nutrient solution rather than in soil

implement[ 'ɪmplɪment ]

v. 实现，执行

to put into practical effect; carry out

investigator[ ɪn'vestɪgeɪtər ]

n. 调查者，研究者

one, especially a detective , who investigates

ion[ 'aɪən ]

n. 离子

an atom or a group of atoms that has acquired a net electric charge by gaining or losing one or more electrons

iron[ 'aɪərn ]

n. 铁

a silvery-white, malleable, ductile metallic element

isolated[ 'aɪsəleɪtɪd ]

adj. 隔离的

separated from others; solitary or singular

lead[ led ]

n. 铅

a soft, malleable, ductile metallic element

legume[ le'gju:m ]

n. 豆荚

a pod that splits into two valves with the seeds attached to one edge of the valves

manganese[ 'mæŋgəni:z ]

n. 锰

a gray-white or silvery brittle metallic element

mercury[ 'mɜ:rkjərɪ ]

n. 水银

a silvery-white poisonous metallic element , liquid at room temperature

micro[ 'maɪkroʊ ]

adj. 微小的

basic or small-scale

micronutrient[ ˌmaɪkroʊ'nju:trɪənt ]

n. 微量营养素

a substance , such as a vitamin, that is essential in minute amounts for the proper growth

mineral[ 'mɪnərəl ]

n. 矿物

a naturally occurring, homogeneous inorganic solid substance

mist[ mɪst ]

v. 喷洒

to moisturize (plants or dry air, for example) with a fine spray of water

mobilize[ 'moʊbəlaɪz ]

v. 移动

to make mobile or capable of movement

mustard[ 'mʌstərd ]

n. 芥菜

any of various eurasian plants

necrosis[ ne'kroʊsɪs ]

n. 坏死

death of cells or tissue through injury or disease, especially in a localized area of the body

nickel[ 'nɪkl ]

n. 镍

a silvery, hard, ductile, ferromagnetic metallic element

nitrate[ 'naɪtreɪt ]

n. 硝酸盐

the univalent radical No 3 or a compound containing it

nutrient[ 'nu:trɪənt ]

n. 营养物

a source of nourishment , especially a nourishing ingredient in a food

omit[ ə'mɪt ]

v. 省略

to pass over ; neglect

overabundance[ ˌoʊvərə'bʌndəns ]

n. 过剩，过多

going or being beyond what is needed, desired, or appropriate; an excess

patch[ pætʃ ]

n. 小块土地

a small plot or piece of land

pathogen[ 'pæθədʒən ]

n. 病菌，病原体

an agent that causes disease, especially a living microorganism

pennycress[ 'penɪˌkres ]

n. 菥蓂

any of several plants , having small, flattened seed pods with margins

petiole[ 'petɪˌoʊl ]

n. 叶柄

the stalk by which a leaf is attached to a stem

phosphorus[ 'fɑ:sfərəs ]

n. 磷

a highly reactive, poisonous, nonmetallic element

phytoremediation[ faɪtəʊr'mi:dɪeɪʃn ]

n. 植生整治，植物复育法

the use of plants to remove or neutralize contaminants , as in polluted soil or water

pigmentation[ ˌpɪgmen'teɪʃn ]

n. 染色，色素之形成

coloration of tissues by pigment

reddish[ 'redɪʃ ]

adj. 微红的

mixed or tinged with red; somewhat red

relocate[ ˌri:'loʊkeɪt ]

v. 重新安置

to move or be moved to a new place

remediation[ rɪˌmi:dɪ'eɪʃn ]

n. 矫正，治疗

the act or process of correcting a fault or deficiency

runoff[ 'rʌnˌɔ:f ]

n. 径流

rainfall not absorbed by soil

saline[ 'seɪli:n ]

adj. 盐的

of, relating to, or containing salt; salty

scenario[ sə'nærɪoʊ ]

n. 方案

an outline or a model of an expected or a supposed sequence of events

selenium[ sə'li:nɪəm ]

n. 硒

a nonmetallic element , red in powder form, black in vitreous form

serpentine[ 'sɜ:rpənti:n ]

adj. 蜿蜒的

of or resembling a serpent , as in form or movement; sinuous

【近】 meandrous , sinuous , tortuous , winding

shoot[ ʃu:t ]

n. 芽

a bud, young leaf , or other new growth on a plant

shrub[ ʃrʌb ]

n. 灌木

a woody plant of relatively low height, having several stems arising from the base and lacking a single trunk; a bush

simultaneously[ ˌsaɪml'teɪnjəslɪ ]

adv. 同时地

at the same time

slender[ 'slendər ]

adj. 细长的

having little width in proportion to height or length; long and thin

smelter[ 'smeltər ]

n. 熔炉

an apparatus for smelting

sodium[ 'soʊdɪəm ]

n. 钠

a soft, light, extremely malleable silver-white metallic element

spurge[ spɜ:dʒ ]

n. 大戟

any of various plants , characteristically having milky juice and small unisexual flowers

stunt[ stʌnt ]

v. 阻碍……的发育

to check the growth or development of

subtropical[ ˌsʌb'trɑ:pɪkl ]

adj. 亚热带的

of, relating to, or being the geographic areas adjacent to the tropics

suspend[ sə'spend ]

v. 吊，悬挂

to hang so as to allow free movement

【近】 dangle , depend

symptom[ 'sɪmptəm ]

n. 症状

a characteristic sign or indication of the existence of something else

tolerate[ 'tɑ:ləreɪt ]

v. 忍受

to put up with; endure

【近】 bear , withstand

toxic[ 'tɑ:ksɪk ]

adj. 有毒的

of, relating to, or caused by a toxin or other poison

tropical[ 'trɑ:pɪkl ]

adj. 热带的

of, occurring in, or characteristic of the tropics

【近】 tropic

variety[ və'raɪətɪ ]

n. 种类

a group that is distinguished from other groups by a specific characteristic or set of characteristics

vein[ veɪn ]

n. 叶脉

one of the vascular bundles or ribs that form the branching framework

woody[ 'wʊdɪ ]

adj. 木质的

marked by the presence of wood or xylem

zinc[ zɪŋk ]

n. 锌

a bluish-white, lustrous metallic element Rlne72UoVrMoG0o1oiO9RGxZ7+AITt02HZacQvSQRRdHgYQcfnrdDI6tacEeBLmQ